CN101838747A - Smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore - Google Patents
Smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN101838747A CN101838747A CN200910244194A CN200910244194A CN101838747A CN 101838747 A CN101838747 A CN 101838747A CN 200910244194 A CN200910244194 A CN 200910244194A CN 200910244194 A CN200910244194 A CN 200910244194A CN 101838747 A CN101838747 A CN 101838747A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore, comprising a furnace body, a gunjet for top combustion, a side-blown jugjet and an electrode. A hearth is limited in the furnace body; a smelting bath is arranged at the lower part of the hearth, and the furnace body is provided with a charging hole for adding materials to the hearth, a smoke outlet, a nickel outlet and a dreg outlet; the lower end of the gunjet for top combustion extends from the top of the furnace body to the hearth and is located at the upper side of the smelting bath and sprays pulverized coal and oxygen to the upper part of the hearth towards the smelting bath; the side-blown gunjet extends from the lateral side of the furnace body to the smelting bath to spray the pulverized coal and oxygen; and the lower end of the electrode extends to the smelting bath to heat the melt in the smelting bath and clarify and separate dregs from nickel and ferrum. The smelting furnace for the nickel-bearing laterite ore has the advantages of low cost and energy consumption, good operating environment, low pollution and simple process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore, especially relate to top combustion of a kind of oxygen enrichment and side-blown smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore.
Background technology
Nickel is a kind of broad-spectrum non-ferrous metal.The production of nickel mainly comprises two kinds of pyrogenic process and wet methods.Wherein pyrogenic process production nickel mainly comprises electrosmelting and blast furnace smelting.
Electrosmelting uses the heated by electrodes nickel ores, uses coal as reductive agent.And, before adding electrosmelting, need to use rotary kiln that nickel ores is carried out pre-treatment, nickel ores is made calcining, add electric furnace then and carry out retailoring.Electrosmelting need consume a large amount of electric energy, so energy consumption and cost height, needs in addition to use the rotary kiln pre-treatment, and facility investment is big, whole melting technology complexity.
Blast furnace smelting is to use coke that the required heat of fusing nickel minerals is provided and is used as reductive agent.And nickel ores need be carried out sintering with sinter machine before adding blast furnace smelting.Owing to the cost height of coke, therefore cause the cost height of blast furnace smelting, and operating environment is poor, seriously polluted.And sintering also consumes a large amount of energy, and environment is poor, and is seriously polluted, and causes whole melting technology complexity.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve at least one of technical problem that exists in the prior art.For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind of smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore, utilizes this smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore, and cost and energy consumption are low, good operational environment, pollution is low, technology is simple.
Smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore according to the embodiment of the invention comprises: body of heater, and described body of heater inside defines burner hearth, and the bottom of described burner hearth is the molten bath, and described body of heater is provided with the charging opening, the smoke outlet that are used for adding materials, goes out nickel mouth and slag notch in burner hearth; Top combustion spray gun, the lower end of described top combustion spray gun stretch in the burner hearth from the body of heater top and be positioned at the top, molten bath with towards the molten bath to fine coal and oxygen are sprayed into upper furnace; Side-blown spray gun, described side-blown spray gun stretch into from the side of body of heater in the molten bath to spray into fine coal and oxygen in the molten bath; And electrode, thereby the lower end of described electrode is stretched in the molten bath with the melt clarification in the heating molten bath and is separated slag and nickel, iron.
Smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore according to the embodiment of the invention, by top blast fine coal and oxygen in burner hearth, melting materials capable is provided, keeps temperature and the required heat of reduction reaction in the burner hearth, the fine coal of side-blown is most of as reductive agent, small part and oxygen reaction, need not to have reduced cost and energy consumption with rotary kiln pre-treatment mineral aggregate, technology is simple, and, by heated by electrodes the nickel, iron and the slag that restore are clarified, separating nickel, iron and slag have lowered the nickel in the waste, iron level better.In addition, according to smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore of the present invention, adopt fine coal as reductive agent and fuel, so cost further reduce.
In addition, the smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore according to the embodiment of the invention also has following additional technical feature:
Described charging opening and smoke outlet are located at the top of body of heater.
Above side-blown spray gun, on sidewall of the furnace body, be provided with the overfiren air port that is used for blasting oxygen rich gas to upper furnace.
Above overfiren air port, described side wall of furnace is provided with the tertiary air orifice that is used for blasting to upper furnace air.
By overfiren air port and tertiary air orifice are set, the abundant burns oxygen of carbon monoxide in the flue gas can be changed into carbonic acid gas, and emit heat, make the carbon monoxide composition in the flue gas of discharging body of heater reduce, reduced the pollution of environment and the harm of follow-up equipment (for example waste heat boiler), simplified flue gas treatment scheme and facility, the clean-burning heat of flue gas has reduced the energy consumption of technology by the recovery of waste heat boiler.
Described body of heater is L shaped, and wherein said electrode is positioned at from highly relatively little body of heater one side.
Described smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore also further comprises the lifting device that is used for the lifting electrode.
Lifting device can the lifting electrode, immerses in the molten bath to guarantee the electrode lower end.
Described smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore further comprises the waste heat boiler of the waste heat that is used for reclaiming flue gas of linking to each other with smoke outlet.
Utilize waste heat boiler to reclaim waste heat in the high-temperature flue gas, can recycle, improved efficiency of cycling economy, cut down the consumption of energy.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage part in the following description provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage are from obviously and easily understanding becoming the description of embodiment in conjunction with following accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to the smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 be among Fig. 1 A-A to sectional view;
Fig. 3 be among Fig. 1 B-B to sectional view; With
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of the smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore shown in Fig. 1, has wherein omitted electrode.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein identical from start to finish or similar label is represented identical or similar elements or the element with identical or similar functions.Below by the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings is exemplary, only is used to explain the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention, close the orientation of indications such as term " on ", D score, top ", " end " or position is based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relation; only be the present invention for convenience of description rather than require the present invention therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention with specific orientation structure and operation.
Below in conjunction with the smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore of accompanying drawing detailed description according to the embodiment of the invention.
Smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore comprises body of heater 1, top combustion spray gun 2, side-blown spray gun 3 and electrode 4 according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, body of heater 1 inside defines burner hearth, and the bottom of burner hearth is the molten bath, and body of heater 1 is provided with charging opening 11, smoke outlet 12, goes out nickel mouth 13 and slag notch 14.
As shown in Figure 4, the top of body of heater 1 is formed with top combustion spray gun jack 17, and the top that top combustion spray gun jack 17 stretches in the burner hearth from body of heater 1 top and is positioned at the molten bath is passed in the lower end of top combustion spray gun 2.Side-blown spray gun 3 passes and is formed on body of heater 1 lateral side-blown spray gun jack and stretches in the molten bath from the side of body of heater 1.The lower end of electrode 4 is for example stretched in the molten bath from the top of body of heater 1, and the melt in 4 pairs of molten baths of electrode carries out electrically heated, thereby clarification separates slag and the nickel, the iron that restore.
According to an example of the present invention, on the sidewall of body of heater 1, overfiren air port 15 can be set, overfiren air port 15 is positioned at side-blown spray gun 3 tops, can be used for blasting oxygen rich gas to upper furnace.In another example of the present invention, on the sidewall of body of heater 1, tertiary air orifice 16 can also be set.Tertiary air orifice 16 is positioned at the top of overfiren air port 15, for example is used for blasting air to upper furnace.The oxygen that blasts upper furnace by overfiren air port 15 and tertiary air orifice 16 can change into the abundant burns oxygen of the carbon monoxide in the flue gas carbonic acid gas and emit heat, thereby the carbon monoxide in the minimizing flue gas, reduce thus for example harm of waste heat boiler of follow-up equipment, simplified flue gas treatment scheme and facility.The flue gas liberated heat that fully burns reclaims by waste heat boiler, has reduced process energy consumption.
More specifically, as shown in Figure 1, the body of heater 1 of smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore is a cardinal principle L type.Charging opening 11 on the body of heater 1 is located at the top of body of heater 1, is used for adding materials in burner hearth, and material for example comprises red soil nickel ore and flux.Smoke outlet 12 is located at body of heater 1 top, is used for discharging the high-temperature flue gas in the burner hearth.Go out nickel mouth 13 and be located at the lower sidewall of body of heater 1, be used for discharging and reduced and isolated nickel and iron.Slag notch 14 is located at the lower sidewall of body of heater 1 and is higher than nickel mouth 13, is used to discharge waste.As shown in Figure 1, go out the relative both sides that nickel mouth 13 and slag notch 14 are respectively formed at body of heater 1.Advantageously, go out the lower side (right side among Fig. 1) of body of heater height that nickel mouth 13 and slag notch 14 can be formed on electrode 4 places simultaneously, clarify the influence that isolating nickel, iron and slag can not be subjected to top blast and side-blown by electrode 4 electrically heated thus, thereby discharge nickel, iron and waste better, reduce nickel, iron level in the waste.
For example, as Figure 1-3, in the burner hearth of body of heater 1 inside, be broadly divided into three zones, be positioned at the secondary reaction district C1 at the higher position of L type body of heater 1, the reduction zone C2 (part in molten bath) that be positioned at secondary reaction district below relative, and the settling section C3 (part in molten bath) adjacent with reduction zone C2 with it.Settling section C3 and reduction zone C2 constitute the molten bath, and wherein the top of settling section C3 and secondary reaction district C1 can become the top of burner hearth, and the bottom of burner hearth is the molten bath that settling section C3 and reduction zone C2 constitute.The lower end of top combustion spray gun 2 is positioned at reduction zone C2 top and side-blown spray gun 3 is inserted into reduction zone C2, and electrode 4 is inserted in the settling section C3.
As shown in Fig. 1～Fig. 4, after stretching in the burner hearth, the lower end of the top at body of heater 1 top combustion spray gun 2 is positioned at the top, molten bath, fine coal and oxygen are sprayed into upper furnace towards the molten bath.For example, can utilize pressurized air that fine coal is sprayed in the burner hearth by top combustion spray gun 2, and combustion spray gun 2 in top can move up and down by top combustion gun lifting device 21, so that adjust the height of top combustion spray gun 2 and change the rifle operation.After body of heater 1 lateral side-blown spray gun 3 stretches into the molten bath, in the molten bath, spray into fine coal and oxygen.
As shown in Figure 2, the overfiren air port 15 on body of heater 1 sidewall is positioned at the top of side-blown spray gun 3, and blasting oxygen rich gas to upper furnace, and tertiary air orifice 16 is positioned at the top of overfiren air port 15, to blast air to upper furnace.Alternatively, overfiren air port 15 tilts on sidewall of the furnace body from outside to inside with tertiary air orifice 16, and its axis direction is 0～90 degree with straight down angular separation respectively, so that the gas that blasts can enter into the secondary reaction district fully.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, electrode 4 is positioned at the relatively little side of height of L type body of heater 1, and its lower end is stretched in the molten bath with the melt in the heating molten bath (comprising slag and the ferronickel that restores) from body of heater 1 top, thereby the electrically heated melt separates slag and nickel, iron with clarification.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore can also comprise the lifting device 5 that is used for the lifting electrode.Lifting device 5 for example comprises motor and pulley gear, is used for control electrode 4 and moves up and down between limes superiors position D and smallest limit position E.Lifting device 5 can move up and down according to the extent of deterioration of electrode 4.After the lower end loss of electrode 4, operator's may command lifting device 4 descends, and immerses in the molten bath with the lower end that guarantees electrode 4.When the lower end of electrode 4 is stretched in the molten bath too much, lifting device 5 rising electrodes 4.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore can also comprise the waste heat boiler (not shown) that links to each other with smoke outlet 12, to reclaim the waste heat in the high-temperature flue gas, for example waste heat boiler advances mouth and can link to each other with smoke outlet 12 on the body of heater 1 by pipeline.
Working process according to the smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore of the embodiment of the invention will be described below:
At first, red soil nickel ore and flux are added in the burner hearth by charging opening 11.
Then, by top combustion spray gun 2 fine coal and oxygen are sprayed into upper furnace from body of heater 1 top towards the molten bath, fine coal and oxygen reaction are to provide material melting, reduction reaction and to keep the required heat of temperature in the burner hearth.And, in burner hearth, spray into fine coal and oxygen by side-blown spray gun 3 from the side of body of heater 1, wherein, most of fine coal that side sprays into is as reductive agent, in the C2 of the reduction zone of burner hearth, nickel in the ore and iron are restored, small part fine coal can provide heat with oxygen reaction.
And then in the settling section C3 of burner hearth, ferronickel and slag heat by electrode 4, thereby ferronickel is separated with the slag clarification, thereby have reduced the ferronickel content in the slag.
At last, the nickel that has restored, Tie Tong cross out nickel mouth 13 and discharge, and waste is discharged by slag notch 14, and flue gas is discharged by smoke outlet 12.
Alternatively, spray into oxygen rich gas by overfiren air port 15 to upper furnace, in secondary reaction district C2, the oxygen in the oxygen rich gas is oxidized to carbonic acid gas with the carbon monoxide in the flue gas in the burner hearth.Further alternatively, spray into air to upper furnace, in secondary reaction district C2, further the carbon monoxide in the flue gas is oxidized to carbonic acid gas by tertiary air orifice 16.
Further alternatively, will send into waste heat boiler by the flue gas that smoke outlet 12 is discharged and reclaim waste heat in the high-temperature flue gas, thereby improve efficiency of cycling economy, save the energy.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment under the situation that does not break away from principle of the present invention and aim, scope of the present invention is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. a smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore is characterized in that, comprising:
Body of heater, described body of heater inside defines burner hearth, and the bottom of described burner hearth is the molten bath, and described body of heater is provided with the charging opening, the smoke outlet that are used for adding materials, goes out nickel mouth and slag notch in burner hearth;
Top combustion spray gun, the lower end of described top combustion spray gun stretch in the burner hearth from the body of heater top and be positioned at the top, molten bath with towards the molten bath to fine coal and oxygen are sprayed into upper furnace;
Side-blown spray gun, described side-blown spray gun stretch into from the side of body of heater in the molten bath to spray into fine coal and oxygen in the molten bath; With
Electrode, thus the lower end of described electrode is stretched in the molten bath with the melt clarification in the heating molten bath and is separated slag and nickel, iron.
2. smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore according to claim 1 is characterized in that described charging opening and smoke outlet are located at the top of body of heater.
3. smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above side-blown spray gun, is provided with the overfiren air port that is used for blasting to upper furnace oxygen rich gas on sidewall of the furnace body.
4. smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore according to claim 3 is characterized in that, above overfiren air port, described side wall of furnace is provided with the tertiary air orifice that is used for blasting to upper furnace air.
5. smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described body of heater is L shaped, and wherein said electrode is positioned at highly relatively little body of heater one side.
6. smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore according to claim 1 is characterized in that, further comprises the lifting device that is used for the lifting electrode.
7. smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore according to claim 1 is characterized in that, further comprising links to each other with smoke outlet is used for reclaiming the waste heat boiler of the waste heat of flue gas.
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| CN200910244194A CN101838747B (en) | 2009-12-30 | 2009-12-30 | Smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore |
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| CN200910244194A CN101838747B (en) | 2009-12-30 | 2009-12-30 | Smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore |
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| CN101838747A true CN101838747A (en) | 2010-09-22 |
| CN101838747B CN101838747B (en) | 2012-10-17 |
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| CN102181776A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-09-14 | 董亚飞 | Technique and device for producing high-grade nickel and stainless steel by reduction pelletization |
| CN102234717A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-11-09 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for roasting red mud nickel ore |
| CN102703731A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for smelting nickel matte by using lateritic nickel ore |
| CN102703735A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for smelting nickel matte by laterite type nickel ore |
| CN102703734A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Top-blown smelting equipment |
| CN102703732A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Side-blown smelting equipment |
| CN102703733A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Nickel smelting production method of laterite nickel ore molten pool |
| CN103276278A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-04 | 罕王实业集团有限公司 | Smelting reduction furnace used for smelting laterite-nickel ore |
| CN104818389A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-05 | 池州西恩新材料科技有限公司 | Oxygen-enriched-side blown converter |
| CN105039740A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-11-11 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for treating nickel laterite ore through oxygen-enriched vortex molten pool smelting furnace |
| CN106222349A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2016-12-14 | 中南大学 | A kind of method and device utilizing bath smelting furnace to process iron-bearing material |
| WO2017193704A1 (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-16 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Metallurgical furnace |
| CN109764679A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2019-05-17 | 中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司 | Smelting device and smelting process |
| CN110284006A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-27 | 中节能工程技术研究院有限公司 | Top side is compound to blow bath smelting furnace |
| CN111154981A (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2020-05-15 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Comprehensive recovery treatment furnace |
| CN113074558A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2021-07-06 | 江西华赣瑞林稀贵金属科技有限公司 | Side-blown smelting furnace |
| CN113355533A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-07 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Top-side composite smelting direct nickel smelting device |
| CN116004948A (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-04-25 | 武汉科技大学 | CO is blown into nickel-containing molten iron 2 Method for improving nickel content of molten iron |
| CN116182558A (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2023-05-30 | 浙江华友钴业股份有限公司 | Oxygen-enriched molten pool melting furnace and heat consumption type material smelting method |
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| CN201605307U (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-10-13 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Smelting furnace for laterite nickel ore |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102234717A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-11-09 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for roasting red mud nickel ore |
| CN102181776A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-09-14 | 董亚飞 | Technique and device for producing high-grade nickel and stainless steel by reduction pelletization |
| CN102181776B (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2013-04-17 | 董亚飞 | Technique and device for producing high-grade nickel and stainless steel by reduction pelletization |
| CN102703731A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for smelting nickel matte by using lateritic nickel ore |
| CN102703735A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for smelting nickel matte by laterite type nickel ore |
| CN102703734A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Top-blown smelting equipment |
| CN102703732A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Side-blown smelting equipment |
| CN102703733A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-03 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Nickel smelting production method of laterite nickel ore molten pool |
| CN103276278B (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2015-10-21 | 罕王实业集团有限公司 | A kind of fusion reducing furnace for smelting laterite-nickel ores |
| CN103276278A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-04 | 罕王实业集团有限公司 | Smelting reduction furnace used for smelting laterite-nickel ore |
| CN104818389A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-05 | 池州西恩新材料科技有限公司 | Oxygen-enriched-side blown converter |
| CN105039740A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-11-11 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for treating nickel laterite ore through oxygen-enriched vortex molten pool smelting furnace |
| WO2017193704A1 (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-16 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Metallurgical furnace |
| CN106222349A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2016-12-14 | 中南大学 | A kind of method and device utilizing bath smelting furnace to process iron-bearing material |
| CN109764679B (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2024-04-23 | 中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司 | Smelting device and smelting method |
| CN109764679A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2019-05-17 | 中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司 | Smelting device and smelting process |
| CN110284006A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-27 | 中节能工程技术研究院有限公司 | Top side is compound to blow bath smelting furnace |
| CN113074558A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2021-07-06 | 江西华赣瑞林稀贵金属科技有限公司 | Side-blown smelting furnace |
| CN111154981A (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2020-05-15 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Comprehensive recovery treatment furnace |
| CN113355533A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-07 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Top-side composite smelting direct nickel smelting device |
| CN116004948A (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-04-25 | 武汉科技大学 | CO is blown into nickel-containing molten iron 2 Method for improving nickel content of molten iron |
| CN116182558A (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2023-05-30 | 浙江华友钴业股份有限公司 | Oxygen-enriched molten pool melting furnace and heat consumption type material smelting method |
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| CN101838747B (en) | 2012-10-17 |
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