CN102181776A - Technique and device for producing high-grade nickel and stainless steel by reduction pelletization - Google Patents
Technique and device for producing high-grade nickel and stainless steel by reduction pelletization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a technique and device for producing high-grade nickel and stainless steel by reduction pelletization. Coal dust or any other carbon-rich material is used as a reducer or fuel to reduce low-grade nickel minerals into high-temperature pellets so as to directly smelt high-Ni/Co-content low-sulfur/phosphorus-content molten alloy steel or directly be used for producing stainless steel. The invention has the advantages of high production efficiency, low comprehensive energy consumption, low production cost and obvious effects of energy saving and emission reduction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stainless production technique, relate in particular to a kind of reducting pellet higher-grade nickel and stainless processing method and device take place to produce, belong to technical field of ferrous metallurgy.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of world economy, people's life and industrial circle etc. are increasing to stainless demand, therefore also more and more to the demand of nickel.Along with the minimizing gradually of nickel sulfide ore and higher-grade laterite, the development and use of low-grade red soil nickel ore become extremely urgent.The red soil nickel ore aboundresources, prospecting prime cost is low, and mining cost is low, and dressing and smelting process is ripe gradually.Because hercynite and peridotites are inlayed mutually and dissolved each other, nickel combines with mineral closely red soil nickel ore, the separating abnormality difficulty of nickel, so that energy consumption height in reducing roasting process.At present, though the technology of wet processing red soil nickel ore has been used for industrial production for many years, but reagent consumption height, severe operational environment, and because nickel content is low, materials such as other material in the ore 90% or more and the acid of adding, alkali are unprocessed and directly enter clout, pile and abandon in the open, environment has been caused serious secondary pollution, progressively be eliminated.The selectivity roasting reduction is handled in 1200～1350 ℃ of scopes, and the nickel in the ore is reduced into metallic nickel, separates making metallic nickel obtain enrichment by magnetic separation, is reduced into ferronickel by the hot stove in ore deposit again, power consumption and comprehensive energy consumption height.Chinese patent application 200710034750.0 discloses the red soil nickel ore melting and reducing and has produced iron alloy technology, at first red soil nickel ore is reduced with rotary kiln, utilize wet magnetic separation to make the nickel enrichment then, again with melting and reducings such as electric furnaces, can produce nickel 6-10%, the Rhometal of iron 85-90%, ferronickel yield are greater than 85%, and sulphur phosphorus is lower than 0.03%.Chinese patent application 200710035281.4 discloses low-grade red soil nickel ore combination and has utilized technology, red soil nickel ore adds coke powder or is rich in carbon material sinter machine sintering and reducing after fragmentation, the cooling back adds electric furnace or blast furnace makes part of nickel and small amounts of iron reduction, enter the end reducing furnace reduced iron again, obtain molten iron iron content 92-95%, the nickeliferous 4-8% of Rhometal, iron content 88-92%.Chinese patent application 200610163832.0 discloses the method that a kind of rotary hearth furnace rapid reduction of carbonaceous red soil nickel ore is rolled into a ball enriching nickel, red soil nickel ore adds carbonaceous reducing agent, the isobaric balling-up of additive after fragmentation, adopt rotary hearth furnace reduction, the cooling back adds electric furnace or blast furnace makes part of nickel and small amounts of iron reduction, carry out wet ball grinding then, high intensity magnetic separation obtains the higher-grade nickel ore concentrate, and the nickel grade reaches 7-9%.The nickel content 6-10% of Rhometal that above processing method is produced acomialy produces more high-load nickelalloy, and the comprehensive energy consumption height.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of reducting pellet method production higher-grade nickel and stainless processing method and device.
The low-grade red soil nickel ore that utilizes that the present invention proposes is made reducting pellet method production higher-grade nickelalloy and stainless steel art method and apparatus, utilizes red soil nickel ore (Ni:0.8～2.0%, Co:0.1～0.2%, Fe:11.0～50.0%, Cr
2O
3: 0.6～0.5%, MgO:0.5～35.0%, Mn:0.3～1.0%, SiO
2: 29.0～46.0%, Al
2O
3: 0.8～2.5%, CaO:0.1～0.7%, P:0.06～0.12%, S:0.04～0.08%) direct production goes out thick NiCo alloy (Ni+Co content 8.0～23.0%, C content 1.0～2.0%, phosphorus content＜0.06%, sulphur content＜0.05%, silicone content 0.1～0.3%, manganese content 0.3～0.8%, chromium content 1.5～4.5%, iron level 75.0～87.0%).The NiCo alloy molten steel that thick NiCo alloy is produced NiCo content 30.0～87.0%, C content 0.003～0.009%, phosphorus content＜0.008%, sulphur content＜0.007%, silicone content 0.001～0.005%, manganese content 0.003～0.01%, chromium content 0.01～0.05%, iron level 13.0～68.0% through the oxidation refining technique and the device of the present invention's proposition.Require NiCo steel alloy water constituent is adjusted to desired scope according to the stainless steel composition, direct heat is blended into electric furnace and produces stainless steel.
The invention provides and a kind ofly utilize low-grade red soil nickel ore to make reducting pellet method production higher-grade nickelalloy and stainless processing method, comprise the following steps:
1) at first forms initial slag of 600-700mm and the dark iron bath of 500mm molten the branch in the stove;
2) flux of high temperature reduction pelletizing and 5-15% part by weight adds the molten stove that divides;
3) carbon material and oxygen are rich in the 150-200mm place winding-up at the bottom of the slag of the coaloust-oxygen gun A bottom that is inserted into initial slag by the furnace wall more than the initial slag face, be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep 5-15% more than needed to be rich in the carbon material not burned, keep the reductibility of slag; Coaloust-oxygen gun B is rich in carbon material and oxygen by the middle part winding-up that the furnace wall more than the initial slag face is inserted into initial slag, be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep 1.0-10% more than needed to be rich in the carbon material not burned, the high temperature that is produced becomes liquid state to the high temperature red soil nickel ore reducting pellet that adds and keeps the reductibility of slag with flux melts; The slag temperature is controlled at 1400-1600 ℃ and obtains liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel;
4) liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel divides the B-mode outlet of stove to continuously flow into the refinement stove by molten, and to refining stove by ton molten steel 30-60 kilogram adding flux, be blown into oxygen by the gas permeable brick that refines furnace bottom or the refinement stove oxygen rifle on top, make Si, C, Mn, Cr in the liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel, elements such as Fe, P are oxidized and enter in the slag, obtain the alloy molten steel of high NiCo content;
5) require high NiCo steel alloy water constituent is adjusted to desired scope according to the stainless steel composition, direct heat is blended into electric furnace and produces stainless steel;
6) heat of coal gas upgrading stove utilization molten branch stove coal gas of high temperature (1400-1550 ℃) makes the CO in the coal gas
2Generate CO with the coal reaction, obtain high-quality upgrading coal gas (650-800 ℃), send into the reduction apparatus reducting pellet, or be used for heater for rolling steel, surplus gas also can be used for generating, and waste heat is fully used.
Preferably, the molten Fe that divides in the in-furnace slag
2O
3Be reduced into FeO and Fe
3O
4, slag is come out of the stove the back by shrend and granulation cooling, and the refrigerative slag goes out FeO and Fe through fine grinding, high intensity magnetic separation again
3O
4Be used for ironmaking, waste residue is used to produce cement.
Preferably, step 2) described high temperature reduction pelletizing is: red soil nickel ore, be rich in carbon material reductive agent, binding agent, lime and make pelletizing, pelletizing reduces through reduction apparatus, obtains 1100-1250 ℃ high temperature reduction pelletizing.Those skilled in the art is grouped into according to the one-tenth of red soil nickel ore, designs or adjust the ratio that carbon material reductive agent, lime and binding agent add that is rich in.
The described carbon material reductive agent that is rich in is selected from: coal dust, blue carbon dust, coke powder etc.
Described binding agent is selected from: Peng Yun soil or organic binder bond etc.
Preferably, the described thick NiCo alloy molten steel of step 3), composition is: Ni+Co content 8.0～23.0%, C content 1.0～2.0%, phosphorus content＜0.06%, sulphur content＜0.05%, silicone content 0.1～0.3%, manganese content 0.3～0.8%, chromium content 1.5～4.5%, iron level 75.0～87.0%.
Preferably, the described high NiCo content alloy molten steel of step 4), composition is: NiCo content 30.0～87.0%, C content 0.003～0.009%, phosphorus content＜0.008%, sulphur content＜0.007%, silicone content 0.001～0.005%, manganese content 0.003～0.01%, chromium content 0.01～0.05%, iron level 12.0～68.0%, above-mentioned each composition sum is 100%.
Preferably, the described carbon material that is rich in of step 3) can be coal dust, coke powder, blue powdered carbon or the like.
Preferably, the described flux of step 4) is selected from one or more in lime, fluorite, the rhombspar, and those skilled in the art is grouped into according to the one-tenth of slag, designs or adjust the ratio of lime, fluorite, rhombspar adding.
Because of more complicated of the present invention, to relate to step numerous, so emphasis is discussed the present invention and is else innovated part with the prior art phase region.The present invention does not discuss part all can adopt prior art.Percentage composition of the present invention is weight ratio.
The present invention also provides a kind of production higher-grade nickelalloy and stainless device, comprises molten stove (1), refinement stove (16), the stainless steel production unit (27) of dividing; Refine stove (16) one sides and link to each other with the molten stove (1) that divides by B-mode outlet (8), opposite side links to each other with stainless steel production unit (27) by ladle (26).
Preferably, the molten stove (1) that divides comprising: slag notch (3), coaloust-oxygen gun A (4), coaloust-oxygen gun B (5), coal gas of high temperature pipe (7), B-mode outlet (8).Slag notch (3) is positioned at the molten initial slag upper surface position, middle part of dividing stove (1), 150-200mm place at the bottom of the slag, coaloust-oxygen gun A (4) is inserted into initial slag by the molten above furnace wall of the initial slag face in middle part of dividing stove (1) bottom, coaloust-oxygen gun B (5) is inserted into the middle part of initial slag by the above furnace wall of the initial slag face in middle part of molten branch stove (1), coal gas of high temperature pipe (7) is positioned at molten stove (1) top of dividing, and B-mode outlet (8) is positioned at the molten bottom of stove (1) of dividing and links to each other with refinement stove (16).Preferably, coaloust-oxygen gun A (4), coaloust-oxygen gun B (5) are removable.Preferably, the top of B-mode outlet (8) is provided with an access cover (9), uses for maintenance.
Preferably, refining stove (16) comprising: refine stove oxygen rifle (10), refinement producer gas pipe (11), flux string jar (12), refine stove slag notch (13), refine stove tap hole (14), gas permeable brick (15).Refine stove oxygen rifle (10) and refine producer gas pipe (11) and be installed in the top of refining stove (16), flux string jar (12) is installed on the sidewall that refines stove (16) top, refining stove slag notch (13) is positioned on the middle part sidewall that refines stove (16), refine stove tap hole (14) and be positioned at the bottom of refining stove (16) sidewall, gas permeable brick (15) is installed in the bottom of refining stove (16).Preferably, those skilled in the art can be installed 1 to 8 gas permeable brick (15) according to the stove size in refinement stove (16) bottom 1/3 or 2/3 radial location or other position.Preferably, refine producer gas pipe (11) and link to each other with the molten stove coal gas of high temperature pipe (7) that divides, it is consistent with the molten furnace pressure of stove (1) that divides to keep refining stove (16).
Preferably, described production higher-grade nickelalloy and stainless device also comprise the high temperature charging system, and an end of high temperature charging system links to each other with molten stove (1) top of dividing by string jar (6).The high temperature charging system comprises successively: string jar (6), skip car (19), track (20), high temperature feed bin (21); Skip car (19) operates on the track (20); Preferably, string jar (6) is connected on the furnace wall on molten branch stove (1) top; High temperature feed bin (21) is gone up feeding mouth and is linked to each other with reduction apparatus (22), and following outlet outputs to the high temperature reduction ball in the skip car.Preferably, those skilled in the art can select 1 to 6 string jar (6) to be installed to molten the branch on stove (1) top furnace sidewall or the furnace roof according to the stove size.
Preferably, described production higher-grade nickelalloy and stainless device also comprise slag handling system, and slag handling system links to each other with molten stove (1) middle part of dividing by slag notch (3).Slag handling system comprises: granulation water cooler (23), ball mill (24), magnetic separator (25).Granulation water cooler (23), ball mill (24), magnetic separator (25) link to each other successively, and the melting and reducing slag that slag notch (3) is discharged passes through granulation water cooler (23), ball mill (24), magnetic separator (25) successively FeO in the slag and Fe
3O
4Iron compound is selected and is used for ironmaking, and remaining slag is sent to the cement mill and is used to make cement.
Preferably, described production higher-grade nickelalloy and stainless device also comprise reduction apparatus (22), and reduction apparatus (22) links to each other by high temperature feed bin (21) and high temperature charging system.The other end of reduction apparatus (22) links to each other with the coal gas reforming system by upgrading gas line (18).Reduction apparatus (22) can be the rotary kiln reduction furnace, or rotary hearth furnace (rotating bed) reduction furnace, or the reduction shaft furnace stove or the like.The raw materials such as red soil nickel ore that are used to reduce are made pelletizing.
Preferably, described production higher-grade nickelalloy and stainless device also comprise the coal gas reforming system, one end of coal gas reforming system links to each other with the molten stove (1) that divides by coal gas of high temperature pipe (7), and the other end links to each other with reduction apparatus (22) by upgrading gas line (18).The heat of coal gas upgrading stove utilization molten branch stove coal gas of high temperature (1400-1550 ℃) makes the CO in the coal gas
2Generate CO with the coal reaction, obtain high-quality upgrading coal gas (650-800 ℃), send into the reduction apparatus reducting pellet, or be used for heater for rolling steel, surplus gas also can be used for generating.
Preferably, the NiCo alloy molten steel that technology of the present invention and device fabrication go out is sent to stainless steel production unit (27) production by ladle (26) and contains nickel and stainless steel, and the aquatic product cost of NiCo steel alloy is low, and the heat of NiCo alloy molten steel is efficiently utilized.
Advantage of the present invention is embodied in:
(1) is rich in the carbon material with coal dust etc. and makes reductive agent or fuel, the high temperature reduction pelletizing of red soil nickel ore one-tenth made of stones is directly smelted thick NiCo alloy molten steel, the production efficiency height, heat obtains efficient fully application, comprehensive energy consumption is low, and production cost is low, and effects of energy saving and emission reduction is remarkable.
(2) realized thick NiCo alloy molten steel by the selective oxidation process for extracting, make NiCo content reach 20～85% or refine NiCo content greater than 87.0% alloy molten steel, direct heat is blended into the production of stainless steel production unit and contains nickel and stainless steel, and heat is efficiently utilized.
(3) to refine the nickeliferous stainless equipment of NiCo alloy production simple in the present invention, with the hot stove method in traditional ore deposit than energy-conservation more than 50%, reduce discharging approximately more than 50%, be easy to realize the serialization and the control automatically of producing, furnace campaign was more than 20 years; Production cost reduces more than 1/3.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.Wherein: 1: molten stove, 3: slag notch, 4: coaloust-oxygen gun A divided; 5: coaloust-oxygen gun B oxygen rifle, 6: string jar, 7: the coal gas of high temperature pipe; 8: B-mode outlet, 9: access cover, 10: refine stove oxygen rifle; 11: refine the producer gas pipe, 12: flux string jar, 13: refine the stove slag notch; 14: refine the stove tap hole, 15: gas permeable brick, 16: refine stove; 17: coal gas upgrading stove, 18: upgrading gas pipe, 19: skip car; 20: track; 21: high temperature batch can, 22: reduction apparatus, 23: the granulation water cooler; 24: ball mill; 25: magnetic separator, 26: ladle, 27: the stainless steel production unit.
Embodiment
Following examples are to further specify of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1:
Raw material: red soil nickel ore is processed into pelletizing; Be rich in the carbon material: blue powdered carbon; Pelletizing reduction apparatus: rotary hearth furnace.
The composition of red soil nickel ore, Ni:1.8%, Co:0.1%, Fe:14.5%, Cr
2O
3: 1.1%, MgO:23.5%, Mn:0.5%, SiO
2: 43.0%, Al
2O
3: 1.1%, CaO:0.2%, P:0.09%, S:0.055%.All the other are moisture.
The present invention proposes a kind ofly to utilize low-grade red soil nickel ore to make reducting pellet take place to produce higher-grade nickelalloy and stainless processing method.At first form initial slag of 800mm and the dark iron bath of 700mm molten the branch in the stove; Raw materials such as red soil nickel ore are made pelletizing, pelletizing obtains high temperature reduction pelletizing (1150 ℃) through reduction furnace, by high temperature reduction pelletizing weight 7% flux (flux be lime and rhombspar mixture, the ratio of lime and rhombspar is 2: 1) add the molten stove that divides; Carbon material and oxygen are rich in the 200mm place winding-up at the bottom of the slag of coaloust-oxygen gun A is inserted into initial slag by the furnace wall more than the initial slag face bottom, be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep more than needed 10% to be rich in the carbon material not burned; Coaloust-oxygen gun B is rich in carbon material and oxygen by the middle part winding-up that the furnace wall more than the initial slag face is inserted into initial slag, be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep more than needed 5.0% to be rich in the carbon material not burned, the high temperature that is produced becomes liquid state to the high temperature red soil nickel ore reducting pellet that adds with flux melts; The slag temperature is controlled at 1500 ℃ and obtains liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel, NiCo content 21.42%, C content 1.38%, P content 0.047%, S content 0.023%, silicone content 0.23%, manganese content 0.58%, chromium content 2.54%, iron level 73.78%.The NiCo alloy molten steel that thick NiCo alloy molten steel is produced NiCo content 85.92%, C content 0.009%, phosphorus content 0.007%, sulphur content 0.007%, silicone content 0.005%, manganese content 0.009%, chromium content 0.093%, iron level 13.95% through the oxidation refining technique and the device of the present invention's proposition, direct heat is blended into electric furnace and produces stainless steel, and heat obtains efficient fully application.Molten FeO, the Fe that divides in the stove slag
3O
4Come out of the stove the back by shrend and granulation cooling with the FeO that refines in the stove slag with slag, and cooled slag goes out FeO and Fe through fine grinding, high intensity magnetic separation again
3O
4Be used for ironmaking, waste residue is used to produce cement.The molten stove coal gas of high temperature that divides utilizes high temperature (1450 ℃) heat of coal gas to make the CO in the coal gas through coal gas upgrading stove
2Generate CO with the coal reaction, obtain high-quality upgrading coal gas (750 ℃), send into the reduction furnace reducting pellet, or be used for heater for rolling steel, surplus gas also can be used for generating.
The invention provides and a kind ofly utilize low-grade red soil nickel ore to make reducting pellet take place to produce higher-grade nickelalloy and stainless device.Comprise molten stove 1, refinement stove 16, high temperature charging system, slag handling system, reduction apparatus, coal gas reforming system, the stainless steel production unit composition of dividing.Molten stove 1 bottom of dividing links to each other with refinement stove 16 by B-mode outlet 8; Molten stove 1 middle part of dividing links to each other with slag handling system by slag notch 3; Molten stove 1 top of dividing links to each other with the high temperature charging system by string jars 6; Refine stove 16 1 sides and link to each other with the molten stove 1 that divides by B-mode outlet 8, opposite side links to each other with stainless steel smelting equipment 29 by ladle 28; One end of coal gas reforming system links to each other with the molten stove that divides by coal gas of high temperature pipe 7, and the other end links to each other with reduction apparatus 22 by upgrading gas line 18; High temperature charging system one end links to each other with the molten stove 1 that divides by string jar 6, and the other end links to each other with reduction apparatus 22 by high temperature feed bin 21.
The molten stove 1 that divides comprises: slag notch 3, coaloust-oxygen gun A (4), coaloust-oxygen gun B (5), coal gas of high temperature pipe 7, B-mode outlet 8.Slag notch 3 is positioned at the molten initial slag upper surface position, middle part of dividing stove 1,150-200mm place at the bottom of the slag, coaloust-oxygen gun A (4) is inserted into initial slag by the furnace wall more than the molten initial slag face in middle part that divides stove 1 bottom, coaloust-oxygen gun B (5) is inserted into the middle part of initial slag by the furnace wall more than the initial slag face in middle part of molten branch stove 1, coal gas of high temperature pipe 7 is positioned at molten branch stove 1 top, and B-mode outlet 8 is positioned at the molten bottom of stove 1 of dividing and links to each other with refinement stove 16.It is angular distribution that coaloust-oxygen gun A (4) installs 3, coaloust-oxygen gun B (5) installs 3 up and down two-layer journey 120 degree; Coaloust-oxygen gun A (4), coaloust-oxygen gun B (5) are removable.The top of B-mode outlet 8 is provided with an access cover 9, uses for maintenance.
Refining stove 16 comprises: refine stove oxygen rifle 10, refinement producer gas pipe 11, flux string jar 12, refine stove slag notch 13, refine stove tap hole 14, gas permeable brick 15.Refine stove oxygen rifle 10 and refine producer gas pipe 11 and be installed in the top of refining stove 16, flux string jar 12 is installed on the sidewall that refines stove 16 tops, refining stove slag notch 13 is positioned on the middle part sidewall that refines stove 16, refine stove tap hole 14 and be positioned at the bottom of refining stove 16 sidewalls, gas permeable brick 15 is installed in the bottom of refining stove 16.Refining 6 gas permeable bricks 15 of stove 16 bottoms 1/3 radial location symmetry installation.Refine producer gas pipe 11 and link to each other with the molten stove coal gas of high temperature pipe 7 that divides, it is consistent with the molten furnace pressure of stove 1 that divides to keep refining stove 16.
The high temperature charging system comprises successively: string jar 6, skip car 19, track 20, high temperature feed bin 21; Skip car 19 operates on the track 20; String jar 6 is connected on the furnace wall on molten branch stove 1 top; Feeding mouth links to each other with reduction apparatus 22 on the high temperature feed bin 21, and following outlet outputs to the high temperature reduction ball in the skip car.2 string jars 6 are installed to molten the branch on the stove 1 top furnace sidewall.
Slag handling system comprises: granulation water cooler 23, ball mill 24, magnetic separator 25.Abrasive grit 30, slag 31.Granulation water cooler 23, ball mill 24, magnetic separator 25 link to each other successively, and the melting and reducing slag that slag notch 3 is discharged passes through granulation water cooler 23, ball mill 24, magnetic separator 25 successively FeO in the slag and Fe
3O
4Iron compound is selected and is used for ironmaking, and remaining slag is sent to the cement mill and is used to make cement.
The NiCo alloy molten steel that technology of the present invention and device fabrication go out is sent to 29 productions of stainless steel production unit by ladle 28 and contains nickel and stainless steel, and the aquatic product cost of NiCo steel alloy is low, and the heat of NiCo alloy molten steel is efficiently utilized.
Embodiment 2:
Raw material: red soil nickel ore is processed into pelletizing; Be rich in the carbon material: coal dust; Pelletizing reduction apparatus: kiln.
The composition of red soil nickel ore, Ni:1.5%, Co:0.2%, Fe:45.0%, Cr
2O
3: 3.0%, MgO:4.0%, Mn:0.8%, SiO
2: 21.0%, Al
2O
3: 1.6%, CaO:0.1%, P:0.08%, S:0.06%.
Raw materials such as red soil nickel ore are made pelletizing, obtain high temperature reduction pelletizing (1150 ℃) at rotary kiln, by high temperature reduction pelletizing weight 8% flux (flux be lime and rhombspar mixture, lime and rhombspar ratio are 5: 3) add the molten stove that divides; Coaloust-oxygen gun A be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep more than needed 12% to be rich in the carbon material not burned; Coaloust-oxygen gun B winding-up be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep more than needed 3.0% to be rich in the carbon material not burned; The slag temperature is controlled at 1550 ℃ and obtains liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel, NiCo content 11.54%, C content 1.5%, P content 0.027%, S content 0.013%, silicone content 0.07%, manganese content 0.55%, chromium content 4.11%, iron level 82.19%.The NiCo alloy molten steel that thick NiCo alloy molten steel is produced NiCo content 40.637%, C content 0.003%, phosphorus content 0.0041%, sulphur content 0.0034%, silicone content 0.0035%, manganese content 0.007%, chromium content 0.347%, iron level 58.995% through the oxidation refining technique and the device of the present invention's proposition, direct heat is blended into electric furnace and produces stainless steel.
Refining stove 16 bottoms 1/3 and 2/3 radial location 4 and 3 gas permeable bricks 15 of symmetry installation respectively; 3 string jars 6 are installed to molten the branch on the stove 1 top furnace sidewall.
Other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
Raw material: red soil nickel ore is processed into pelletizing; Be rich in the carbon material: coke powder; Pelletizing reduction apparatus: shaft furnace.
The composition of red soil nickel ore, Ni:1.2%, Co:0.1%, Fe:50.0%, Cr
2O
3: 3.5%, MgO:5.0%, Mn:1.5%, SiO
2: 17.0%, Al
2O
3: 1.0%, CaO:0.3%, P:0.07%, S:0.045%, moisture content scaling loss 20.27%.
Raw materials such as red soil nickel ore are made pelletizing, obtain high temperature reduction pelletizing (1150 ℃) at shaft furnace, by high temperature reduction pelletizing weight 5% flux (flux be lime and rhombspar mixture, lime and rhombspar ratio are 1.5: 1) add the molten stove that divides; Coaloust-oxygen gun A be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep more than needed 10% to be rich in the carbon material not burned; Coaloust-oxygen gun B winding-up be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep more than needed 3.0% to be rich in the carbon material not burned; The slag temperature is controlled at 1550 ℃ and obtains liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel, NiCo content 7.48%, C content 1.284%, P content 0.023%, S content 0.012%, silicone content 0.087%, manganese content 0.58%, chromium content 2.92%, iron level 87.61%.The NiCo alloy molten steel that thick NiCo alloy molten steel is produced NiCo content 28.158%, C content 0.0025%, phosphorus content 0.0029%, sulphur content 0.0024%, silicone content 0.0024%, manganese content 0.0048%, chromium content 0.239%, iron level 71.588% through the oxidation refining technique and the device of the present invention's proposition, direct heat is blended into electric furnace and produces stainless steel.
Other are with embodiment 2.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is utilized low-grade red soil nickel ore to make reducting pellet method production higher-grade nickelalloy and stainless processing method, comprises the following steps:
1) at first forms initial slag of 600-700mm and the dark iron bath of 500mm molten the branch in the stove;
2) flux of high temperature reduction pelletizing and 5-15% part by weight adds the molten stove that divides;
3) carbon material and oxygen are rich in the 150-200mm place winding-up at the bottom of the slag of the coaloust-oxygen gun A bottom that is inserted into initial slag by the furnace wall more than the initial slag face, be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep 5-15% more than needed to be rich in the carbon material not burned, keep the reductibility of slag; Coaloust-oxygen gun B is rich in carbon material and oxygen by the middle part winding-up that the furnace wall more than the initial slag face is inserted into initial slag, be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep 1.0-10% more than needed to be rich in the carbon material not burned, the high temperature that is produced becomes liquid state to the high temperature red soil nickel ore reducting pellet that adds and keeps the reductibility of slag with flux melts; The slag temperature is controlled at 1400-1600 ℃ and obtains liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel;
4) liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel divides the B-mode outlet of stove to continuously flow into the refinement stove by molten, and in refining stove, add flux, be blown into oxygen by the gas permeable brick that refines furnace bottom or the refinement stove oxygen rifle on top, make Si, C, Mn, Cr in the liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel, elements such as Fe, P are oxidized and enter in the slag, obtain high NiCo content alloy molten steel;
5) require high NiCo steel alloy water constituent is adjusted to desired scope according to the stainless steel composition, direct heat is blended into electric furnace and produces stainless steel.
6) heat of coal gas upgrading stove utilization molten branch stove coal gas of high temperature (1400-1550 ℃) makes the CO in the coal gas
2Generate CO with the coal reaction, obtain high-quality upgrading coal gas (650-800 ℃), send into the reduction apparatus reducting pellet, or be used for heater for rolling steel, surplus gas also can be used for generating, and waste heat is fully used.
2. production higher-grade nickelalloy as claimed in claim 1 and stainless processing method is characterized in that, the molten Fe that divides in the in-furnace slag
2O
3Be reduced into FeO and Fe
3O
4, slag is come out of the stove the back by shrend and granulation cooling, and the refrigerative slag goes out FeO and Fe through fine grinding, high intensity magnetic separation again
3O
4Be used for ironmaking, waste residue is used to produce cement.
3. production higher-grade nickelalloy as claimed in claim 1 and stainless processing method, it is characterized in that, step 2) described high temperature reduction pelletizing is: red soil nickel ore, be rich in carbon material reductive agent, binding agent, lime and make pelletizing, pelletizing reduces through reduction apparatus, obtains 1100-1250 ℃ high temperature reduction pelletizing; The described carbon material reductive agent that is rich in is selected from: coal dust, blue carbon dust or coke powder; Described binding agent is selected from: Peng Yun soil or organic binder bond.
4. production higher-grade nickelalloy as claimed in claim 1 and stainless processing method, it is characterized in that, the described thick NiCo alloy molten steel of step 3), composition is: Ni+Co content 8.0～23.0%, C content 1.0～2.0%, phosphorus content＜0.06%, sulphur content＜0.05%, silicone content 0.1～0.3%, manganese content 0.3～0.8%, chromium content 1.5～4.5%, iron level 75.0～87.0%;
The described high NiCo content alloy molten steel of step 4), composition is: NiCo content 30.0～87.0%, C content 0.003～0.009%, phosphorus content＜0.008%, sulphur content＜0.007%, silicone content 0.001～0.005%, manganese content 0.003～0.01%, chromium content 0.01～0.05%, iron level 12.0～68.0%, above-mentioned each composition sum is 100%.
5. production higher-grade nickelalloy as claimed in claim 1 and stainless processing method is characterized in that, the described carbon material that is rich in of step 3) is coal dust, coke powder or blue powdered carbon; The described flux of step 4) is selected from one or more in lime, fluorite, the rhombspar.
6. a production higher-grade nickelalloy and stainless device comprise molten stove (1), refinement stove (16), the stainless steel production unit (27) of dividing; Refine stove (16) one sides and link to each other with the molten stove (1) that divides by B-mode outlet (8), opposite side links to each other with stainless steel production unit (27) by ladle (26).
7. production higher-grade nickelalloy as claimed in claim 6 and stainless device is characterized in that, the molten stove (1) that divides comprising: slag notch (3), coaloust-oxygen gun A (4), coaloust-oxygen gun B (5), coal gas of high temperature pipe (7), B-mode outlet (8); Slag notch (3) is positioned at the molten initial slag upper surface position, middle part of dividing stove (1), 150-200mm place at the bottom of the slag, coaloust-oxygen gun A (4) is inserted into initial slag by the molten above furnace wall of the initial slag face in middle part of dividing stove (1) bottom, coaloust-oxygen gun B (5) is inserted into the middle part of initial slag by the above furnace wall of the initial slag face in middle part of molten branch stove (1), coal gas of high temperature pipe (7) is positioned at molten stove (1) top of dividing, and B-mode outlet (8) is positioned at the molten bottom of stove (1) of dividing and links to each other with refinement stove (16).Preferably, coaloust-oxygen gun A (4), coaloust-oxygen gun B (5) are removable.Preferably, the top of B-mode outlet (8) is provided with an access cover (9).
8. production higher-grade nickelalloy as claimed in claim 6 and stainless device, it is characterized in that, refine stove (16) and comprising: refine stove oxygen rifle (10), refinement producer gas pipe (11), flux string jar (12), refine stove slag notch (13), refine stove tap hole (14) and gas permeable brick (15); Refine stove oxygen rifle (10) and refine producer gas pipe (11) and be installed in the top of refining stove (16), flux string jar (12) is installed on the sidewall that refines stove (16) top, refining stove slag notch (13) is positioned on the middle part sidewall that refines stove (16), refine stove tap hole (14) and be positioned at the bottom of refining stove (16) sidewall, gas permeable brick (15) is installed in the bottom of refining stove (16).
Preferably, in refinement stove (16) bottom 1/3 or 2/3 radial location or other position 1 to 8 gas permeable brick (15) can be installed.Preferably, refining producer gas pipe (11) links to each other with the molten stove coal gas of high temperature pipe (7) that divides.
9. production higher-grade nickelalloy as claimed in claim 6 and stainless device is characterized in that described device also comprises the high temperature charging system, and an end of high temperature charging system links to each other with molten stove (1) top of dividing by string jar (6); The high temperature charging system comprises successively: string jar (6), skip car (19), track (20), high temperature feed bin (21); Skip car (19) operates on the track (20); Preferably, string jar (6) is connected on the furnace wall on molten branch stove (1) top; High temperature feed bin (21) is gone up feeding mouth and is linked to each other with reduction apparatus (22), and following outlet outputs to the high temperature reduction ball in the skip car.Preferred, 1 to 6 string jar (6) is installed to molten the branch on stove (1) top furnace sidewall or the furnace roof.
Preferably, described device also comprises slag handling system, and slag handling system links to each other with molten stove (1) middle part of dividing by slag notch (3); Slag handling system comprises: granulation water cooler (23), ball mill (24), magnetic separator (25).Granulation water cooler (23), ball mill (24), magnetic separator (25) link to each other successively.
10. production higher-grade nickelalloy as claimed in claim 6 and stainless device is characterized in that, described device also comprises reduction apparatus (22), and reduction apparatus (22) links to each other by high temperature feed bin (21) and high temperature charging system; Reduction apparatus (22) the other end links to each other with the coal gas reforming system by upgrading gas line (18).Reduction apparatus (22) is selected from the rotary kiln reduction furnace, or rotary hearth furnace or rotating bed reduction furnace, or the reduction shaft furnace stove.
Preferably, described device also comprises the coal gas reforming system, and an end of coal gas reforming system links to each other with the molten stove (1) that divides by coal gas of high temperature pipe (7), and the other end links to each other with reduction apparatus (22) by upgrading gas line (18).
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Cited By (4)
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| CN102564130A (en) * | 2012-01-21 | 2012-07-11 | 胡长春 | Continuous temperature control smelting system integrating rotary kiln with melting furnace |
| CN102925610A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-02-13 | 西安桃园冶金设备工程有限公司 | Electricity-coal process melting and reduction ironmaking technology |
| CN103436698A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-11 | 徐伟 | Method for directly reducing laterite-nickel ore to produce ferronickel alloy |
| CN108441638A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-24 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of the molten of vanadium slag useless absolutely divides processing method, vanadium slag and vanadic anhydride |
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| CN101838747A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-09-22 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore |
| CN101956038A (en) * | 2010-10-09 | 2011-01-26 | 董亚飞 | Process method and device for performing lower-carbon ironmaking and steelmaking through melting reduction of iron ore |
| CN102191348A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-09-21 | 董亚飞 | Technological method and device for producing high-grade nickel and stainless steel by using oxidized pellet method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101838747A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-09-22 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore |
| CN101956038A (en) * | 2010-10-09 | 2011-01-26 | 董亚飞 | Process method and device for performing lower-carbon ironmaking and steelmaking through melting reduction of iron ore |
| CN102191348A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-09-21 | 董亚飞 | Technological method and device for producing high-grade nickel and stainless steel by using oxidized pellet method |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102564130A (en) * | 2012-01-21 | 2012-07-11 | 胡长春 | Continuous temperature control smelting system integrating rotary kiln with melting furnace |
| CN102564130B (en) * | 2012-01-21 | 2014-05-07 | 胡长春 | Continuous temperature control smelting system integrating rotary kiln with melting furnace |
| CN102925610A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-02-13 | 西安桃园冶金设备工程有限公司 | Electricity-coal process melting and reduction ironmaking technology |
| CN103436698A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-11 | 徐伟 | Method for directly reducing laterite-nickel ore to produce ferronickel alloy |
| CN108441638A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-24 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of the molten of vanadium slag useless absolutely divides processing method, vanadium slag and vanadic anhydride |
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| CN102181776B (en) | 2013-04-17 |
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