CN114946323A - Small-particle seed pelleting formula and processing method - Google Patents
Small-particle seed pelleting formula and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114946323A CN114946323A CN202210697858.2A CN202210697858A CN114946323A CN 114946323 A CN114946323 A CN 114946323A CN 202210697858 A CN202210697858 A CN 202210697858A CN 114946323 A CN114946323 A CN 114946323A
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims description 21
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- UDPGUMQDCGORJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCl UDPGUMQDCGORJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005976 Ethephon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000499436 Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008467 Oryza sativa Japonica Group Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005043 Oryza sativa Japonica Group Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007377 Petunia x hybrida Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D5/00—Fertilisers containing magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/70—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting wettability, e.g. drying agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a granule seed pelleting formula and a processing method, belonging to the field of seed pelleting, the granule seed pelleting formula comprises 35 parts of expansive soil, 25 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of talcum powder, 2 parts of a coloring agent, 7 parts of a soluble glue, 4 parts of a compound disinfectant, 4 parts of a water-retaining agent, 9 parts of a nutrient and a growth-promoting and yield-increasing agent; the nutrient added during the primary coating can provide nutrient elements for the small-sized seeds during the sowing process, so that the survival rate of the seeds after being planted is ensured, and the growth promoting and yield increasing agent added during the primary coating can effectively stimulate the activity of the seeds, so that the death rate of the small-sized seeds after being planted is reduced; the compound disinfectant added during secondary coating can effectively kill pests and bacteria, reduce the corrosion of the pests and the bacteria to seeds and further reduce the death rate of the seeds; through the added water-retaining agent, the water can be effectively locked, and the death rate of the seeds is further reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seed pelleting, in particular to a small-particle pelleting formula and a processing method.
Background
The seed pelleting treatment technology originates abroad, the tobacco seeds are researched in the United states, Brazil and Japan in the 60 s, the pelleting level of the Dutch flower seeds reaches a higher level in the 90 s, the pelleting degree of the lettuce seeds in the UK reaches 90%, the seeds of Japanese rice are massively used for agricultural production after pelleting treatment, and the pelleting research is carried out on the tobacco, rape, beet, petunia, corn and Chinese cabbage seeds in China in succession from the 90 s in the 20 th century, and part of the seeds are applied to agricultural production.
However, pelleting of small-sized seeds is always a difficult problem in agricultural production in China, after pelleting of small-sized seeds in the prior art, the water locking property of the seed pellets is poor due to undersize of seed particles, seed death frequently occurs due to water loss, no nutrient is added in the pelleting process of the existing small-sized seeds, and the seeds die without support of nutrient components in the planting process, so that the pelleting formula and the processing method of the small-sized seeds are particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a small-particle pelleting formula and a processing method thereof for solving the problems of poor water locking property and high death rate of small-particle pelleting in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a formula for pelletizing small-sized seeds comprises 30-40 parts of expansive soil, 20-30 parts of diatomite, 5-8 parts of talcum powder, 1-2 parts of a coloring agent, 6-8 parts of a soluble glue, 3-5 parts of a composite disinfectant, 3-5 parts of a water-retaining agent and 8-10 parts of a nutrient.
Preferably, the formula material also comprises a growth promoting and yield increasing agent which is a mixture of rooting powder, seed activating powder and ethephon.
Preferably, the soluble gum is any one of gum, latex, methylcellulose and vinyl ester of polyester acid; the water-retaining agent is super absorbent resin.
Preferably, the nutrient is one or more of a trace element nutrient fertilizer, a fermented fertilizer and a bacterial fertilizer; the compound disinfectant is a mixture of bactericide and insecticide.
A processing method of a small-particle pelletizing formula comprises the following specific culture steps:
s1, seed screening: screening out full and healthy small-sized seeds;
s2, seed treatment;
s3, seed coating pretreatment: putting the small-sized seeds into a stirring barrel, spraying and soaking the small-sized seeds by using clear water, and stirring for 5-8min to fully soak the small-sized seeds;
s4, primary coating treatment: putting the pretreated small-sized seeds, the nutrient and the growth promoting and yield increasing agent into a pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for primary coating, wherein the primary coating time is 10-15min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 180-one 200 r/min;
s5, secondary coating treatment: screening the primarily coated small-sized seeds by a screen with 15-20 meshes, placing the screened qualified seeds into a pelleting machine for the second time, adding a compound disinfectant, a soluble glue and a water-retaining agent into the pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for the second coating, wherein the time of the second coating is 20-25min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 200-220 r/min;
s6, final coating treatment: screening the small-sized seeds subjected to secondary coating by using a screen mesh of 8-15 meshes, putting the screened qualified seeds into a pelleting machine, adding expansive soil, diatomite, talcum powder and soluble glue into the pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for final coating, wherein the final coating time is 10-15min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 150-200 r/min;
s7, dyeing treatment: uniformly spraying a coloring agent on the finally coated seeds by using a sprayer;
s8, forming and drying: taking the dyed coated seeds, screening the coated seeds by a screen with 5-8 meshes, screening qualified and plump seed balls, and putting the seed balls into a dryer for drying treatment;
s9, quality inspection and weighing;
and S10, packaging and warehousing.
Preferably, the seed treatment in step S2 includes the steps of:
m1, putting the plump and healthy small-sized seeds selected in the step S1 into a gibberellin solution to be soaked for 15-20 min;
m2, taking out the soaked small-sized seeds, and washing the seeds for 3 to 5 times by using clear water;
m3, putting the cleaned small-particle seeds into a disinfection box for sterilization;
m4, taking out the sterilized seeds, and airing the seeds in a sterile environment for 3 to 5 days.
Preferably, the gibberellin concentration in the gibberellin aqueous solution in step M1 is 350-400 mg/L.
Preferably, the sterilization treatment in the step M3 is infrared sterilization, and the power of the sterilization box is 350-450 kw.
Preferably, the drying temperature of the dryer in the drying process in the step S8 is 35-40 ℃, the wind speed is 4.8-5.8m/S, and the drying time is 30-50 min.
Preferably, the Ph range in the pellet mill at the time of primary coating, secondary coating, and final coating is 6.5-7.0.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a small-particle pelletizing formula and a processing method, and the small-particle pelletizing formula has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the pelleting process of the small-sized seeds, the nutrient agent added in the primary coating process can effectively provide nutrient elements for the subsequent seeding process of the small-sized seeds so as to ensure the survival rate of the seeds after being planted; the compound disinfectant added during secondary coating can effectively kill pests and bacteria, reduce the corrosion of the pests and the bacteria to seeds and further reduce the death rate of the seeds; through the added water-retaining agent, the water can be effectively locked, the loss of water is reduced, and the death rate of seeds is further reduced.
2. Before pelletizing granule seed, soak through gibberellin aqueous solution, can effectual improvement seed activity, further improve the seeding survival rate, carry out germicidal treatment through the disinfect box, the bacterium that granule seed just face can effectually be killed in infrared irradiation, and through infrared irradiation, can further arouse seed activity, and then further improve the seeding survival rate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1:
a formula for pelleting small-sized seeds comprises 35 parts of expansive soil, 25 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of talcum powder, 2 parts of a coloring agent, 7 parts of soluble glue, 4 parts of a composite disinfectant and 4 parts of a water-retaining agent.
The formula material also comprises a growth promoting and yield increasing agent which is a mixture of rooting powder, seed activating powder and ethephon.
The soluble gum is any one of gum, latex, methyl cellulose and polyester acid vinyl ester; the water-retaining agent is super absorbent resin.
A processing method of a small-particle pelletizing formula comprises the following specific culture steps:
s1, seed screening: screening out full and healthy small-sized seeds;
s2, seed treatment;
s3, seed coating pretreatment: putting the small-sized seeds into a stirring barrel, spraying and soaking by using clear water spray, and stirring for 7min to fully soak the small-sized seeds;
s4, primary coating treatment: putting the pretreated small-sized seeds and the growth promoting and yield increasing agent into a pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for primary coating, wherein the primary coating time is 10-15min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 190 r/min;
s5, secondary coating treatment: screening the primarily coated small-sized seeds by using a 18-mesh screen, placing the screened qualified seeds into a pelleting machine for the second time, adding a compound disinfectant, a soluble glue and a water-retaining agent into the pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for the second coating, wherein the time for the second coating is 22min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 210 r/min;
s6, final coating treatment: screening the secondarily coated small-sized seeds by a 12-mesh screen, putting the screened qualified seeds into a pelleting machine, adding expansive soil, diatomite, talcum powder and soluble gum into the pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for final coating, wherein the final coating time is 12min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 180 r/min;
s7, dyeing treatment: uniformly spraying a coloring agent on the finally coated seeds by using a sprayer;
s8, forming and drying: taking the dyed coated seeds, screening the coated seeds by a 6-mesh screen, screening qualified and plump seed pills, and putting the seed pills into a dryer for drying treatment;
s9, quality inspection and weighing;
and S10, packaging and warehousing.
The seed treatment in step S2 includes the steps of:
m1, putting the plump and healthy small-sized seeds selected in the step S1 into a gibberellin solution to be soaked for 18 min;
m2, taking out the soaked small-sized seeds, and washing the seeds for 4 times by using clear water;
m3, putting the cleaned small-particle seeds into a disinfection box for sterilization;
m4, taking out the sterilized seeds, and airing the seeds for 4 days in a sterile environment.
The gibberellin concentration in the gibberellin aqueous solution in step M1 is 380 mg/L.
In the step M3, the sterilization treatment is infrared sterilization, and the power of the sterilization box is 400 kw.
The drying temperature of the dryer in the drying process in the step S8 is 38 ℃, the wind speed is 5.2m/S, and the drying time is 40 min.
The Ph in the pellet machine at the time of primary coating, secondary coating, and final coating was 6.8.
Example 2:
a formula for pelleting small-sized seeds comprises 35 parts of expansive soil, 25 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of talcum powder, 2 parts of a coloring agent, 7 parts of soluble glue, 4 parts of a composite disinfectant, 4 parts of a water-retaining agent and 9 parts of a nutritional agent.
The formula material also comprises a growth promoting and yield increasing agent which is a mixture of rooting powder, seed activating powder and ethephon.
The soluble gum is any one of gum, latex, methyl cellulose and polyester acid vinyl ester; the water-retaining agent is super absorbent resin.
The nutrient is one or more of trace element nutrient fertilizer, fermented fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer; the compound disinfectant is a mixture of bactericide and insecticide.
A processing method of a small-particle pelletizing formula comprises the following specific culture steps:
s1, seed screening: screening out full and healthy small-sized seeds;
s2, seed treatment;
s3, seed coating pretreatment: putting the small-sized seeds into a stirring barrel, spraying and soaking the small-sized seeds by using clear water for spraying, and stirring for 7min to fully soak the small-sized seeds;
s4, primary coating treatment: putting the pretreated small-sized seeds, the nutrient and the growth promoting and yield increasing agent into a pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for primary coating, wherein the primary coating time is 10-15min, and the rotating speed of a coating drum of the pelleting machine is 190 r/min;
s5, secondary coating treatment: screening the primarily coated small-sized seeds by using a screen with 18 meshes, placing the screened qualified seeds into a pelleting machine for the second time, adding a compound disinfectant, a soluble glue and a water-retaining agent into the pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for the second coating, wherein the time of the second coating is 22min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 210 r/min;
s6, final coating treatment: screening the small-sized seeds subjected to secondary coating by using a 12-mesh screen, putting the screened qualified seeds into a pelleting machine, adding expansive soil, diatomite, talcum powder and soluble glue into the pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for final coating, wherein the final coating time is 12min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 180 r/min;
s7, dyeing treatment: uniformly spraying a coloring agent on the finally coated seeds by using a sprayer;
s8, forming and drying: taking the dyed coated seeds, screening the coated seeds by a 6-mesh screen, screening qualified and plump seed pills, and putting the seed pills into a dryer for drying treatment;
s9, quality inspection and weighing;
and S10, packaging and warehousing.
The seed treatment in step S2 includes the steps of:
m1, putting the plump and healthy small-sized seeds selected in the step S1 into a gibberellin solution to be soaked for 18 min;
m2, taking out the soaked small-sized seeds, and washing the seeds for 4 times by using clear water;
m3, putting the cleaned small-particle seeds into a disinfection box for sterilization;
m4, taking out the sterilized seeds, and airing the seeds for 4 days in a sterile environment.
The gibberellin concentration in the gibberellin aqueous solution in step M1 is 380 mg/L.
In the step M3, the sterilization treatment is infrared sterilization, and the power of the sterilization box is 400 kw.
The drying temperature of the dryer in the drying process in the step S8 is 38 ℃, the wind speed is 5.2m/S, and the drying time is 40 min.
The Ph in the pellet machine at the time of primary coating, secondary coating, and final coating was 6.8.
The nutrient added during the primary coating can effectively provide nutrient elements for the subsequent small-sized seed sowing process so as to ensure the survival rate of the seeds after being planted, and the growth promoting and yield increasing agent added during the primary coating can effectively stimulate the activity of the seeds so as to ensure the rooting rate of the seeds at the later stage, thereby further reducing the death rate of the small-sized seeds after being planted; the compound disinfectant added during secondary coating can effectively kill pests and bacteria, reduce the corrosion of the pests and the bacteria to seeds and further reduce the death rate of the seeds; the added water-retaining agent can effectively lock water, reduce the loss of water and further reduce the death rate of seeds;
soak through gibberellin aqueous solution, can effectual improvement seed activity, further improve the seeding survival rate, carry out germicidal treatment through the disinfect box, infrared irradiation can effectually kill the bacterium of granule seed excrement and urine face, and through infrared irradiation, can further arouse the seed activity, and then further improve the seeding survival rate.
Example 3:
a small-sized seed pelleting formula comprises 35 parts of expansive soil, 25 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of talcum powder, 2 parts of a coloring agent, 7 parts of soluble glue, 4 parts of a compound disinfectant and 9 parts of a nutrient.
The formula material also comprises a growth promoting and yield increasing agent which is a mixture of rooting powder, seed activating powder and ethephon.
The soluble gum is any one of gum, latex, methylcellulose and polyester acid vinyl ester.
The nutrient is one or more of trace element nutrient fertilizer, fermented fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer; the compound disinfectant is a mixture of bactericide and insecticide.
A processing method of a small-particle pelletizing formula comprises the following specific culture steps:
s1, seed screening: screening out full and healthy small-sized seeds;
s2, seed treatment;
s3, seed coating pretreatment: putting the small-sized seeds into a stirring barrel, spraying and soaking the small-sized seeds by using clear water for spraying, and stirring for 7min to fully soak the small-sized seeds;
s4, primary coating treatment: putting the pretreated small-sized seeds, the nutrient and the growth promoting and yield increasing agent into a pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for primary coating, wherein the primary coating time is 10-15min, and the rotating speed of a coating drum of the pelleting machine is 190 r/min;
s5, secondary coating treatment: screening the primarily coated small-sized seeds by using a screen with 18 meshes, placing the screened qualified seeds into a pelleting machine for the second time, adding a compound disinfectant and a soluble glue into the pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for secondary coating, wherein the secondary coating time is 22min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 210 r/min;
s6, final coating treatment: screening the secondarily coated small-sized seeds by a 12-mesh screen, putting the screened qualified seeds into a pelleting machine, adding expansive soil, diatomite, talcum powder and soluble gum into the pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for final coating, wherein the final coating time is 12min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 180 r/min;
s7, dyeing treatment: uniformly spraying a coloring agent on the finally coated seeds by using a sprayer;
s8, forming and drying: taking the dyed coated seeds, screening the coated seeds by a 6-mesh screen, screening qualified and plump seed pills, and putting the seed pills into a dryer for drying treatment;
s9, quality inspection and weighing;
and S10, packaging and warehousing.
The seed treatment in step S2 includes the steps of:
m1, putting the plump and healthy small-sized seeds selected in the step S1 into a gibberellin solution to be soaked for 18 min;
m2, taking out the soaked small-sized seeds, and washing the seeds for 4 times by using clear water;
m3, putting the cleaned small-particle seeds into a disinfection box for sterilization;
m4, taking out the sterilized seeds, and airing the seeds for 4 days in a sterile environment.
The gibberellin concentration in the gibberellin aqueous solution in step M1 is 380 mg/L.
In the step M3, the sterilization treatment is infrared sterilization, and the power of the sterilization box is 400 kw.
The drying temperature of the dryer in the drying process in the step S8 is 38 ℃, the wind speed is 5.2m/S, and the drying time is 40 min.
The Ph in the pellet machine at the time of primary coating, secondary coating, and final coating was 6.8.
Example 4:
a small-sized seed pelleting formula comprises 35 parts of expansive soil, 25 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of talcum powder, 2 parts of coloring agent, 7 parts of soluble glue, 4 parts of compound disinfectant, 4 parts of water-retaining agent and 9 parts of nutrient.
The soluble gum is any one of gum, latex, methyl cellulose and polyester acid vinyl ester; the water-retaining agent is super absorbent resin.
The nutrient is one or more of trace element nutrient fertilizer, fermented fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer; the compound disinfectant is a mixture of bactericide and insecticide.
A processing method of a small-particle pelletizing formula comprises the following specific culture steps:
s1, seed screening: screening out full and healthy small-sized seeds;
s2, seed treatment;
s3, seed coating pretreatment: putting the small-sized seeds into a stirring barrel, spraying and soaking the small-sized seeds by using clear water for spraying, and stirring for 7min to fully soak the small-sized seeds;
s4, primary coating treatment: putting the pretreated small-sized seeds and the nutrient into a pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for primary coating, wherein the primary coating time is 10-15min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 190 r/min;
s5, secondary coating treatment: screening the primarily coated small-sized seeds by using a screen with 18 meshes, placing the screened qualified seeds into a pelleting machine for the second time, adding a compound disinfectant, a soluble glue and a water-retaining agent into the pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for the second coating, wherein the time of the second coating is 22min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 210 r/min;
s6, final coating treatment: screening the secondarily coated small-sized seeds by a 12-mesh screen, putting the screened qualified seeds into a pelleting machine, adding expansive soil, diatomite, talcum powder and soluble gum into the pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for final coating, wherein the final coating time is 12min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 180 r/min;
s7, dyeing treatment: uniformly spraying a coloring agent on the finally coated seeds by using a sprayer;
s8, forming and drying: taking the dyed coated seeds, screening the coated seeds by a 6-mesh screen, screening qualified and plump seed pills, and putting the seed pills into a dryer for drying treatment;
s9, quality inspection and weighing;
and S10, packaging and warehousing.
The seed treatment in step S2 includes the steps of:
m1, putting the plump and healthy small-sized seeds selected in the step S1 into a gibberellin solution to be soaked for 18 min;
m2, taking out the soaked small-sized seeds, and washing the seeds for 4 times by using clear water;
m3, putting the cleaned small-particle seeds into a disinfection box for sterilization;
m4, taking out the sterilized seeds, and airing the seeds for 4 days in a sterile environment.
The gibberellin concentration in the gibberellin aqueous solution in step M1 is 380 mg/L.
In the step M3, the sterilization treatment is infrared sterilization, and the power of the sterilizing box is 400 kw.
The drying temperature of the dryer in the drying process in the step S8 is 38 ℃, the wind speed is 5.2m/S, and the drying time is 40 min.
The Ph in the pellet machine at the time of primary coating, secondary coating, and final coating was 6.8.
Example 5:
a formula for pelleting small-sized seeds comprises 35 parts of expansive soil, 25 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of talcum powder, 2 parts of a coloring agent, 7 parts of soluble glue, 4 parts of a composite disinfectant, 4 parts of a water-retaining agent and 9 parts of a nutritional agent.
The formula material also comprises a growth promoting and yield increasing agent which is a mixture of rooting powder, seed activating powder and ethephon.
The soluble gum is any one of gum, latex, methyl cellulose and polyester acid vinyl ester; the water-retaining agent is super absorbent resin.
The nutrient is one or more of trace element nutrient fertilizer, fermented fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer; the compound disinfectant is a mixture of bactericide and insecticide.
A processing method of a small-particle pelletizing formula comprises the following specific culture steps:
s1, seed screening: screening out full and healthy small-sized seeds;
s2, seed treatment;
s3, seed coating pretreatment: putting the small-sized seeds into a stirring barrel, spraying and soaking the small-sized seeds by using clear water for spraying, and stirring for 7min to fully soak the small-sized seeds;
s4, primary coating treatment: putting the pretreated small-sized seeds, the nutrient and the growth promoting and yield increasing agent into a pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for primary coating, wherein the primary coating time is 10-15min, and the rotating speed of a coating drum of the pelleting machine is 190 r/min;
s5, secondary coating treatment: screening the primarily coated small-sized seeds by using a screen with 18 meshes, placing the screened qualified seeds into a pelleting machine for the second time, adding a compound disinfectant, a soluble glue and a water-retaining agent into the pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for the second coating, wherein the time of the second coating is 22min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 210 r/min;
s6, final coating treatment: screening the secondarily coated small-sized seeds by a 12-mesh screen, putting the screened qualified seeds into a pelleting machine, adding expansive soil, diatomite, talcum powder and soluble gum into the pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for final coating, wherein the final coating time is 12min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 180 r/min;
s7, dyeing treatment: uniformly spraying a coloring agent on the finally coated seeds by using a sprayer;
s8, forming and drying: taking the dyed coated seeds, screening the coated seeds by a 6-mesh screen, screening qualified and plump seed pills, and putting the seed pills into a dryer for drying treatment;
s9, quality inspection and weighing;
and S10, packaging and warehousing.
The seed treatment in step S2 includes the steps of:
m1, putting the small full and healthy seeds selected in the step S1 into clear water for washing;
m2, taking out the soaked small-sized seeds, and airing the small-sized seeds in a sterile environment for 4 days.
The drying temperature of the dryer in the drying process in the step S8 is 38 ℃, the wind speed is 5.2m/S, and the drying time is 40 min.
The Ph in the pellet machine at the time of primary coating, secondary coating, and final coating was 6.8.
Comparative example:
a small-sized seed pelleting formula comprises 35 parts of expansive soil, 25 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of talcum powder, 2 parts of coloring agent and 7 parts of soluble glue.
The soluble gum is any one of gum, latex, methylcellulose and polyester acid vinyl ester.
A processing method of a small-particle pelletizing formula comprises the following specific culture steps:
s1, seed screening: screening out full and healthy small-sized seeds;
s2, seed treatment;
s3, seed coating pretreatment: putting the small-sized seeds into a stirring barrel, spraying and soaking the small-sized seeds by using clear water for spraying, and stirring for 7min to fully soak the small-sized seeds;
s4, primary coating treatment: putting the pretreated small-sized seeds into a pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for primary coating, wherein the primary coating time is 10-15min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 190 r/min;
s5, secondary coating treatment: screening the primarily coated small-sized seeds by using an 18-mesh screen, secondarily putting the screened qualified seeds into a pelleting machine, adding soluble gum into the pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine to carry out secondary coating, wherein the secondary coating time is 22min, and the rotating speed of a coating drum of the pelleting machine is 210 r/min;
s6, final coating treatment: screening the secondarily coated small-sized seeds by a 12-mesh screen, putting the screened qualified seeds into a pelleting machine, adding expansive soil, diatomite, talcum powder and soluble gum into the pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for final coating, wherein the final coating time is 12min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 180 r/min;
s7, dyeing treatment: uniformly spraying a coloring agent on the finally coated seeds by using a sprayer;
s8, forming and drying: taking the dyed coated seeds, screening the coated seeds by a 6-mesh screen, screening qualified and plump seed pills, and putting the seed pills into a dryer for drying treatment;
s9, quality inspection and weighing;
and S10, packaging and warehousing.
The seed treatment in step S2 includes the steps of:
m1, putting the small full and healthy seeds selected in the step S1 into clear water for washing;
m2, taking out the soaked small-sized seeds, and airing the small-sized seeds in a sterile environment for 4 days.
The drying temperature of the dryer in the drying process in the step S8 is 38 ℃, the wind speed is 5.2m/S, and the drying time is 40 min.
The Ph in the pellet machine at the time of primary coating, secondary coating, and final coating was 6.8.
By combining the above examples and comparative examples, the small-sized seed pellets were planted, and the growth conditions and data were recorded along with the planting time, with the following test results and parameters:
| example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | Comparative example | |
| Growth vigor | +++ | ++++ | ++ | ++ | +++ | + |
Note that: + relatively poor, + good, + + + + + vigorous
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the above examples and comparative examples, in the pelleting process of the small-sized seeds, the nutrient added in the primary coating can effectively provide nutrient elements for the subsequent seeding process of the small-sized seeds, so as to ensure the survival rate of the seeds after being planted; the compound disinfectant added during secondary coating can effectively kill pests and bacteria, reduce the corrosion of the pests and the bacteria to seeds and further reduce the death rate of the seeds; the added water-retaining agent can effectively lock water, reduce the loss of water and further reduce the death rate of seeds;
before pelletizing granule seed, soak through gibberellin aqueous solution, can effectual improvement seed activity, further improve the seeding survival rate, carry out germicidal treatment through the disinfect box, the bacterium that granule seed just face can effectually be killed in infrared irradiation, and through infrared irradiation, can further arouse seed activity, and then further improve the seeding survival rate.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical scope of the present invention and the equivalent alternatives or modifications according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The formula is characterized in that the formula materials comprise 30-40 parts of expansive soil, 20-30 parts of diatomite, 5-8 parts of talcum powder, 1-2 parts of coloring agent, 6-8 parts of soluble glue, 3-5 parts of composite disinfectant, 3-5 parts of water-retaining agent and 8-10 parts of nutrient.
2. The pellet formulation of claim 1, wherein the formulation further comprises a growth-promoting agent, wherein the growth-promoting agent is a mixture of rooting powder, seed activating powder, ethephon.
3. The pellet formulation of claim 1, wherein the soluble gum is any one of gum, latex, methyl cellulose, vinyl ester of polyesteric acid; the water-retaining agent is super absorbent resin.
4. The pellet formulation of claim 1, wherein the nutrient is one or more of a trace element nutrient fertilizer, a fermented fertilizer, and a bacterial fertilizer; the compound disinfectant is a mixture of a bactericide and an insecticide.
5. A processing method of a small-particle pelletizing formula is characterized by comprising the following specific culture steps:
s1, seed screening: screening out full and healthy small-sized seeds;
s2, seed treatment;
s3, seed coating pretreatment: putting the small-sized seeds into a stirring barrel, spraying and soaking the small-sized seeds by using clear water, and stirring for 5-8min to fully soak the small-sized seeds;
s4, primary coating treatment: putting the pretreated small-sized seeds, the nutrient and the growth promoting and yield increasing agent into a pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for primary coating, wherein the primary coating time is 10-15min, and the rotation speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 180-200 r/min;
s5, secondary coating treatment: screening the primarily coated small-sized seeds by a screen with 15-20 meshes, placing the screened qualified seeds into a pelleting machine for the second time, adding a compound disinfectant, a soluble glue and a water-retaining agent into the pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for the second coating, wherein the time of the second coating is 20-25min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 200-220 r/min;
s6, final coating treatment: screening the small-sized seeds subjected to secondary coating by using a screen mesh of 8-15 meshes, putting the screened qualified seeds into a pelleting machine, adding expansive soil, diatomite, talcum powder and soluble glue into the pelleting machine, starting the pelleting machine for final coating, wherein the final coating time is 10-15min, and the rotating speed of a coating roller of the pelleting machine is 150-200 r/min;
s7, dyeing treatment: uniformly spraying a coloring agent on the finally coated seeds by using a sprayer;
s8, forming and drying: taking the dyed coated seeds, screening the coated seeds by a screen with 5-8 meshes, screening qualified and plump seed balls, and putting the seed balls into a dryer for drying treatment;
s9, quality inspection and weighing;
and S10, packaging and warehousing.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step S2 of processing the seeds comprises the steps of:
m1, putting the plump and healthy small-sized seeds selected in the step S1 into a gibberellin solution to be soaked for 15-20 min;
m2, taking out the soaked small-sized seeds, and washing the seeds for 3 to 5 times by using clear water;
m3, putting the cleaned small-particle seeds into a disinfection box for sterilization;
m4, taking out the sterilized seeds, and airing the seeds in a sterile environment for 3 to 5 days.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the concentration of gibberellin in the gibberellin solution in the step M1 is 350-400 mg/L.
8. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the sterilization treatment in step M3 is infrared sterilization, and the power of the sterilization chamber is 350-450 kw.
9. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the drying temperature of the dryer in the drying process of step S8 is 35-40 ℃, the wind speed is 4.8-5.8m/S, and the drying time is 30-50 min.
10. The process of claim 5, wherein the Ph range in the granulator for the first coating, the second coating and the final coating is 6.5-7.0.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115843492A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-03-28 | 国网新源控股有限公司 | Pelleted seeds of radix cynanchi wilfordii and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113854056A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-12-31 | 湖南食尚康农业股份有限公司 | Outdoor sleeping-breaking rapid propagation seedling raising method for polygonatum sibiricum seeds and polygonatum sibiricum seedlings |
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| CN204014448U (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-12-17 | 杨光瑛 | A kind of Seeds preprocess equipment |
| CN110278740A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-09-27 | 成都市农林科学院 | The pelletized preparation method of the pelletized preparation and the granule vegetables seed of a kind of granule vegetables seed |
| CN110915810A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-27 | 河南省锄禾园林草业服务有限公司 | Grass seed coating agent and coating process |
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