CN114945464A - 具有柔性表面层的车辆内部部件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种车辆装饰部件,包括基底和连续柔性表面层,其中,所述连续柔性表面层的至少一部分具有根据ASTMD1003测定的5至30%的可见光透射率,或者具有根据ASTMD1003测定的大于或等于80%的可见光透射率。可选地,柔性的背衬层可以设置在所述基底和所述连续柔性表面层之间。
Description
背景技术
本发明涉及一种用于车辆内部的内部结构。更具体地,本发明涉及一种内部装饰部件。
目前,车辆部件的内部展示表面由材料(例如,皮革、乙烯基、热塑性烯烃(TPO)、布等)形成,该材料被切割或形成为图案并固定到部件,例如坐垫、头枕、扶手、控制台盖、仪表板基板等。
最近,汽车制造商已经表现出对在更广泛的价格等级范围内将更多细节和功能应用到车辆内部表面的兴趣。
因此,希望提供一种改进的内部部件表面和制造具有附加特征的内部部件表面的方法。
发明内容
公开了一种车辆装饰部件,包括基底和连续柔性表面层,其中,所述连续柔性表面层的至少一部分具有根据ASTMD1003测定的大于或等于80%的可见光透射率。所述连续柔性层可以具有根据ASTMD1003测定的小于或等于20%的雾度。所述连续柔性层可以包括图形设计。所述连续柔性层可以包括功能元件。所述功能元件例如是开关、传感器、显示器或它们的组合。所述功能元件与汽车系统集成。
上述的车辆装饰部件还可以包括设置在所述基底和所述连续柔性表面层之间的柔性的背衬层。所述背衬层可以是半透明的(具有根据ASTMD1003测定的小于或等于20%的雾度)或者是不完全透明的。
公开了一种车辆装饰部件,包括基底和连续柔性表面层,其中,所述连续柔性表面层的至少一部分具有根据ASTM D1003测定的5至30%的可见光透射率。所述连续柔性层可以具有根据ASTMD1003测定的小于或等于20%的雾度。所述连续柔性层可以包括图形设计。所述连续柔性层可以包括功能元件。所述功能元件例如是开关、传感器、显示器或它们的组合。所述功能元件可以与汽车系统集成。
上述的车辆装饰部件还可以包括设置在所述基底和所述连续柔性表面层之间的柔性的背衬层。所述背衬层是半透明的或者完全不透明的。
附图简要说明
其他特征、优点和细节仅作为示例出现在以下实施例的描述中,该描述参考附图,其中:
图1、图2、图2A和图3示出了如本文所述的车辆装饰件。
具体实施方式
本文描述了一种车辆装饰部件,其包括连续柔性层,该连续柔性层具有期望水平的透光率和小于或等于20%的雾度。透光率表示通过材料的光量,而雾度是材料透明度的量度。透明材料的可见光透射率大于或等于80%。
较低的5%至30%的可见光透射率在未照明时显得不透明,但是当从观察者对面的一侧照射时透射足够的光以在观察者可见的材料上或附近呈现设计。连续的柔性层是展示表面,除了可以在运输过程中使用的可选保护层之外,没有额外的层沉积在该层上。
连续柔性层可以至少部分地设置在基底上。基底为连续柔性层提供支撑。示例性基底材料包括金属、热塑性复合材料等。基底的表面积可以小于或等于连续柔性层的表面积的50%、或小于或等于连续柔性层的表面积的75%、或小于或等于连续柔性层的表面积的90%。基底可以提供设计元素,例如颜色、纹理、图案等。
背衬层可以设置在连续柔性层和基底之间。背衬层是柔性的,但不是透明的,尽管它可以通过ASTMD1003测定的高达75%的可见光。背衬层的雾度值不是特别必须,可以根据所采用的任何图形设计元素的需要来确定。
柔性在本文中定义为具有弯曲至少180度并返回0度而不对其物理、光学或机械性能有任何可见变化的能力,其中半径与厚度之比大于或等于5。
各种实施例可用作车辆装饰部件,例如汽车内部插入件、帆船装饰等。如本文所用的车辆装饰部件包括存在于座椅、门、侧壁、控制台、仪表板、仪表显示器、座椅等。如本文所用,车辆装饰部件不包括地板、地垫或门槛。
连续柔性层包括透明的热塑性烯烃、热塑性弹性体、聚碳酸酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯或聚氨酯。在连续柔性层的一部分具有5%到30%的可见光透射率的实施例中,连续柔性层还包含添加剂,例如颜料、着色剂、附加聚合物或前述的组合。
连续柔性层可以包括图形设计。图形设计可以位于表面上或嵌入在连续的柔性层中。当存在图形设计时,可见光透射率和雾度值在没有图形设计的区域中确定。连续柔性层还可以包括功能元件。示例性功能元件包括开关、传感器、视觉显示器及其组合。功能元件可以与汽车系统集成。例如,指纹传感器可以与点火系统集成,或者开关可以与照明系统集成。
当存在背衬层时,可以包括图形设计。图形设计可以位于表面上或嵌入在背衬层中。当存在图形设计时,可见光透射率和雾度值在没有图形设计的区域中确定。背衬层还可以包括功能元件。示例性功能元件包括开关、传感器、视觉显示器及其组合。功能元件可以与汽车系统集成。例如,指纹传感器可以与点火系统集成,或者开关可以与照明系统集成。还设想功能元件可以位于背衬层和连续柔性层之间。背衬层可以包括与连续柔性层相同或不同的材料。
连续柔性层可以具有0.001至5毫米的厚度。在这个范围内,厚度可以是0.01到4毫米,或0.1到3.5毫米。当存在背衬层时,背衬层可具有0.001至5毫米的厚度。在这个范围内,厚度可以是0.01到4毫米,或0.1到3.5毫米。
现在参考附图,图1的具体实施方式示出了具有设置在基底30上的连续柔性层20的车辆装饰部件10的横截面。可选的光源40被示出在基底的与连续柔性层相对的一侧。当存在光源时,基底包括一个或多个供光通过的开口。这在图2中更明确地示出,其中基底30具有开口50以供光穿过到连续柔性层20。图2A示出了图2中所示的装饰部件的前视图。基底中的开口允许光穿过并照亮周围连续柔性层20中的设计元素60。
图3显示了车辆装饰部件100的横截面,该车辆装饰部件100具有设置在连续柔性层120和基底130之间的背衬层110。可选的光源140位于基底的与连续柔性层相对的一侧。
本文所述的车辆装饰部件提供了功能、重量轻和无缝集成的独特组合。能够在装饰部件中加入装饰性和功能性元素,同时保持连续表面是一个有吸引力的选择,因为它减少了可能收集污垢和其他不良材料的连接点的数量。此外,连续柔性层和可选的背衬层的柔韧性增强了表面材料覆盖弯曲基材而没有间隙、皱纹或接缝的能力。
尽管已经参考示例性实施例描述了本发明,但是本领域技术人员将理解,在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下,可以进行各种改变并且可以用等效物代替其元件。此外,可以进行许多修改以使特定情况或材料适应本发明的教导而不背离本发明的基本范围。因此,本发明不限于作为实施本发明的最佳模式所公开的特定实施例,而是本发明将包括落入本申请范围内的所有实施例。
Claims (18)
1.一种车辆装饰部件,包括基底和连续柔性表面层,其中,所述连续柔性表面层的至少一部分具有根据ASTMD1003测定的大于或等于80%的可见光透射率。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆装饰部件,其中,所述连续柔性层具有根据ASTMD1003测定的小于或等于20%的雾度。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的车辆装饰部件,其中,所述连续柔性层包括图形设计。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的车辆装饰部件,其中,所述连续柔性层包括功能元件。
5.根据权利要求4所述的车辆装饰部件,其中,所述功能元件是开关、传感器、显示器或它们的组合。
6.根据权利要求4所述的车辆装饰部件,其中,所述功能元件与汽车系统集成。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的车辆装饰部件,还包括设置在所述基底和所述连续柔性表面层之间的柔性的背衬层。
8.根据权利要求7所述的车辆装饰部件,其中,所述背衬层是半透明的。
9.根据权利要求7所述的车辆装饰部件,其中,所述背衬层是不透明的。
10.一种车辆装饰部件,包括基底和连续柔性表面层,其中,所述连续柔性表面层的至少一部分具有根据ASTM D1003测定的5至30%的可见光透射率。
11.根据权利要求10所述的车辆装饰部件,其中,所述连续柔性层具有根据ASTMD1003测定的小于或等于20%的雾度。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的车辆装饰部件,其中,所述连续柔性层包括图形设计。
13.根据权利要求10至12中任一项所述的车辆装饰部件,其中,所述连续柔性层包括功能元件。
14.根据权利要求13所述的车辆装饰部件,其中,所述功能元件是开关、传感器、显示器或它们的组合。
15.根据权利要求13所述的车辆装饰部件,其中,所述功能元件与汽车系统集成。
16.根据权利要求10至15中任一项所述的车辆装饰部件,还包括设置在所述基底和所述连续柔性表面层之间的柔性的背衬层。
17.根据权利要求16所述的车辆装饰部件,其中,所述背衬层是半透明的。
18.根据权利要求16所述的车辆装饰部件,其中,所述背衬层是不透明的。
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