CN114931071B - Guava high-yield high-quality pruning method - Google Patents
Guava high-yield high-quality pruning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114931071B CN114931071B CN202210476789.2A CN202210476789A CN114931071B CN 114931071 B CN114931071 B CN 114931071B CN 202210476789 A CN202210476789 A CN 202210476789A CN 114931071 B CN114931071 B CN 114931071B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0237—Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a guava high-yield high-quality pruning shaping method, which is special for pearl guava varieties; culturing trunks and branches of annual sapling trees: a) The trunk of the tree is longer than 50cm in height, the stem is thicker (the diameter of the position 10cm away from the ground) by more than 1cm, and the top is cut off to leave the end for 20-30cm, so that the trunk is formed; b) Promoting growth of branches by trunk, and keeping 2-3 branches which are robustly and uniformly distributed as main branches; c) The length of the main branch is 80cm, the top end is subtracted, and the length of the main branch is 50cm, so that the main branch is used as a secondary branch; d) Promoting growth of secondary branches and tertiary branches until the length is 50cm, subtracting the top end, and leaving branches for 30 cm; e) The four-stage branch with three-stage branch growth promotion is characterized in that 2 branches with an outward growth angle of 45-60 degrees with the ground are reserved, the top is plucked for a long time of 30cm, the flower buds are plucked, and the length of 20cm is reserved. The guava high-yield high-quality pruning shaping method effectively shapes the high-yield high-quality tree body tree, promotes the reasonable growth of new flowers and buds, avoids one branch for a plurality of fruits, regulates and controls the number of flowers and fruits and improves the quality of fruits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of guava, in particular to a high-yield and high-quality pruning and shaping method of guava.
Background
The guava is rich in vitamin A, vitamin B, lipid, mineral substances, cellulose, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, iron and other trace elements necessary for human bodies, is also rich in protein and lipid, can supplement heat, can resist aging, discharge toxins in the body after being eaten frequently, promote metabolism and regulate physiological functions, is popular with people, can be eaten as fruits, can be cooked, has medicinal value, and is popular with farmers and planted, however, after the conventional guava is planted, the shaping method is too messy and falls behind, and the quality of the whole fruits is affected.
So we propose a guava high-yield and high-quality pruning method so as to solve the problems set forth above.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-yield and high-quality pruning and shaping method for guavas, which aims to solve the problem that the shaping method of guavas in the current market is too messy and behind after planting, and the quality of the whole fruit is affected.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a guava high-yield high-quality pruning method is characterized in that:
the shaping method is specially used for pearl guava varieties;
(1) Culturing trunks and branches of annual sapling trees:
a) The trunk of the tree is longer than 50cm in height, the stem is thicker (the diameter of the position 10cm away from the ground) by more than 1cm, and the top is cut off to leave the end for 20-30cm, so that the trunk is formed;
b) Promoting growth of branches by trunk, and keeping 2-3 branches which are robustly and uniformly distributed as main branches;
c) The length of the main branch is 80cm, the top end is subtracted, and the length of the main branch is 50cm, so that the main branch is used as a secondary branch;
d) Promoting growth of secondary branches and tertiary branches until the length is 50cm, subtracting the top end, and leaving branches for 30 cm;
e) The four-stage branch with the third-stage branch growth promoting function is characterized in that 2 branches with the outward growth and the ground angle of 45-60 degrees are reserved, the top is plucked for a long time of 30cm, flower buds are plucked, and the length of 20cm is reserved;
(2) Tree cultivation of biennial trees:
a) Pruning weak branches, shadow branches and inner vertical branches on the basis of annual tree for 3-4 months, and pruning top branches around;
b) Pruning the branches at the top to remain 12-15cm long to form cup-shaped tree bodies;
c) The branches with top branches promoting growth keep 2 branches with an angle of 45-60 degrees with the ground, the branches grow to 30cm long and are picked up, the branches keep 20cm long, and 2 flowers and fruits are reserved in each branch;
d) The number of small fruits is controlled to be 50-80 per batch of fruits per tree, for example, 20 fruits are left when the fruits are bagged in 5-6 months, for example, 40 fruits are left when the fruits are bagged in 7-8 months;
(3) Tree culture of three years old tree:
a) 3-4 months, pruning upright branches in the inner hall, pruning main branches of the tree body to a position 1.2 meters away from the ground, removing weak branches and shadow branches, and pruning top branches around the periphery;
b) The branches with top growth promotion are reserved at the top end of 2-3 branches with the angle of 45-60 degrees with the ground, the top is plucked for a long time of 30cm, the length of 20cm with flowers is reserved, and 1-2 flowers are reserved in each branch;
c) Cutting branches without flowers to 12cm long, keeping 2 branches with an angle of 45-60 degrees with the ground and outwards growing at the top end when the branches are slightly sprouted again, picking the tops when the branches grow to 30cm long, keeping 20cm long with flowers, and keeping 2 flowers and fruits for each branch;
d) The number of small fruits is controlled to be 40-120 per batch of fruits per tree of the three-year-old tree, for example, 20-30 fruits are reserved when bagging is carried out in 5-6 months, for example, 20-40 fruits are reserved when bagging is carried out in 7-8 months, for example, 50-60 fruits are reserved when bagging is carried out in 8-9 months, for example, 30-40 fruits are reserved when bagging is carried out in 10-11 months;
e) Over four years old, the number of small fruits per plant is controlled to be 100-120, such as 30-40 fruits when bagging for 5-6 months, such as 80-90 fruits when bagging for 7-8 months, such as 80-90 fruits when bagging for 8-9 months, such as 60-70 fruits when bagging for 10-11 months.
Preferably, when four-stage branching is performed, the whole tree form of the four-stage branching tree should form an inverse umbrella-shaped tree body, and if necessary, the four-stage branching tree body can be matched with a binding belt, a binding belt and a supporting frame to perform auxiliary shaping, so that shaping of the whole tree form is facilitated, and success of shaping of the tree form is ensured.
Preferably, when the tree forms above the three-year-old tree are cultivated, the tree body is in an inverse umbrella shape, and auxiliary shaping can be carried out by matching with the binding belt, the binding belt and the supporting frame if necessary, so that shaping of the whole tree form is facilitated, success of shaping of the tree form is ensured, and later picking work is facilitated.
Preferably, when the branches are shaped at an angle of 45-60 degrees, auxiliary shaping is needed by matching with a binding belt, a binding belt and a supporting frame, meanwhile, the whole nutrition of the tree body is ensured, the normal development of the pomegranate tree is ensured, the normal development of the branches is ensured after shaping, the mutual influence is avoided, and the later picking operation is facilitated.
Preferably, the bag body of the bagging adopts a foaming net bag and a transparent plastic bag, and is treated by the bagging, so that the biting of fruits by insects can be avoided, sunburn, pesticide residues and mechanical damage can be reduced, good fruit color and luster and juicy and crisp pulp can be promoted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the guava high-yield high-quality pruning shaping method effectively shapes the high-yield high-quality tree body tree, promotes the reasonable growth of new flowers and buds, avoids one branch for a plurality of fruits, regulates and controls the number of flowers and fruits and improves the quality of fruits.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a guava high-yield high-quality pruning method is characterized in that:
the shaping method is specially used for pearl guava varieties;
(1) Culturing trunks and branches of annual sapling trees:
a) The trunk of the tree is longer than 50cm in height, the stem is thicker (the diameter of the position 10cm away from the ground) by more than 1cm, and the top is cut off to leave the end for 20-30cm, so that the trunk is formed;
b) Promoting growth of branches by trunk, and keeping 2-3 branches which are robustly and uniformly distributed as main branches;
c) The length of the main branch is 80cm, the top end is subtracted, and the length of the main branch is 50cm, so that the main branch is used as a secondary branch;
d) Promoting growth of secondary branches and tertiary branches until the length is 50cm, subtracting the top end, and leaving branches for 30 cm;
e) The four-stage branch with three-stage branch growth promotion is characterized in that 2 branches with an outward growth and a ground angle of 45-60 degrees are reserved, the branches are picked up for a long time of 30cm, flower buds are picked off, the whole tree is reserved for 20cm long, an inverse umbrella-shaped tree body is formed, binding belts, binding supports can be matched for auxiliary shaping when necessary, the whole shaping of the tree body is ensured, meanwhile, nutrition of the tree body is ensured, fertilizer application can be carried out, the nitrogen fertilizer consumption is controlled, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are additionally applied, and 0.3% of monopotassium phosphate solution is used for extra-root fertilizer application;
(2) Tree cultivation of biennial trees:
a) Pruning weak branches, shadow branches and inner vertical branches on the basis of annual tree for 3-4 months, and pruning top branches around;
b) Pruning the branches at the top to remain 12-15cm long to form cup-shaped tree bodies;
c) The branches with top branches for promoting growth remain 2 branches with an angle of 45-60 degrees with the ground, the branches are picked up until the branches grow to 30cm long, the branches remain 20cm long, 2 flowers and fruits are reserved in each branch, when the branches are shaped at an angle of 45-60 degrees, the branches need to be matched with binding belts, binding belts and supporting frames for auxiliary shaping, and meanwhile, the overall nutrition of the tree body is ensured, and the normal development of the pomegranate tree is ensured;
d) The number of small fruits is controlled to be 50-80 per batch of fruits per plant, 20 fruits are reserved when the fruits are bagged in 5-6 months, 40 fruits are reserved when the fruits are bagged in 7-8 months, and the bag body adopts a foaming net bag and a transparent plastic bag;
(3) Tree culture of three years old tree:
a) 3-4 months, pruning upright branches in the inner hall, pruning main branches of the tree body to a position 1.2 meters away from the ground, removing weak branches and shadow branches, pruning branches at the top of the periphery, and performing auxiliary shaping by matching with binding belts, binding belts and supporting frames when necessary, wherein nutrition of the tree body is ensured, and fertilization can be performed;
b) The branches with the growth promoting top branches retain 2-3 branches which grow outwards and have an angle of 45-60 degrees with the ground, the branches grow to 30cm long, the top is plucked, flowers remain 20cm long, each branch retains 1-2 flowers, when the branches are shaped at an angle of 45-60 degrees, the branches need to be matched with binding belts, binding belts and supporting frames for auxiliary shaping, meanwhile, the overall nutrition of the tree body is ensured, and the normal development of the pomegranate tree is ensured;
c) Cutting branches without flowers to 12cm long, keeping 2 branches with an angle of 45-60 degrees with the ground and outwards growing at the top end when the branches are slightly sprouted again, picking the tops when the branches grow to 30cm long, keeping 20cm long with flowers, and keeping 2 flowers and fruits for each branch;
d) The number of small fruits is controlled to be 40-120 per batch of fruits per tree of the three-year-old tree, for example, 20-30 fruits are reserved when bagging is carried out in 5-6 months, for example, 20-40 fruits are reserved when bagging is carried out in 7-8 months, for example, 50-60 fruits are reserved when bagging is carried out in 8-9 months, for example, 30-40 fruits are reserved when bagging is carried out in 10-11 months;
e) Over four years old, the number of small fruits per plant is controlled to be 100-120, such as 30-40 fruits when bagging for 5-6 months, such as 80-90 fruits when bagging for 7-8 months, such as 80-90 fruits when bagging for 8-9 months, such as 60-70 fruits when bagging for 10-11 months.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A guava high-yield high-quality pruning method is characterized in that:
the shaping method is specially used for pearl guava varieties;
(1) Culturing trunks and branches of annual sapling trees:
a) The trunk of the tree is longer than 50cm in height, the stem is thicker than 1cm, and the top of the tree is cut off to leave the end of 20-30cm, so that the trunk is formed;
b) Promoting growth of branches by trunk, and keeping 2-3 branches which are robustly and uniformly distributed as main branches;
c) The length of the main branch is 80cm, the top end is subtracted, and the length of the main branch is 50cm, so that the main branch is used as a secondary branch;
d) Promoting growth of secondary branches and tertiary branches until the length is 50cm, subtracting the top end, and leaving branches for 30 cm;
e) The four-stage branch with the third-stage branch growth promoting function is characterized in that 2 branches with the outward growth and the ground angle of 45-60 degrees are reserved, the top is plucked for a long time of 30cm, flower buds are plucked, and the length of 20cm is reserved;
(2) Tree cultivation of biennial trees:
a) Pruning weak branches, shadow branches and inner vertical branches on the basis of annual tree for 3-4 months, and pruning top branches around;
b) Pruning the branches at the top to remain 12-15cm long to form cup-shaped tree bodies;
c) The branches with top branches promoting growth keep 2 branches with an angle of 45-60 degrees with the ground, the branches grow to 30cm long and are picked up, the branches keep 20cm long, and 2 flowers and fruits are reserved in each branch;
d) The number of small fruits is controlled to be 50-80 per batch of fruits per tree, for example, 20 fruits are left when the fruits are bagged in 5-6 months, for example, 40 fruits are left when the fruits are bagged in 7-8 months;
(3) Tree culture of three years old tree:
a) 3-4 months, pruning upright branches in the inner hall, pruning main branches of the tree body to a position 1.2 meters away from the ground, removing weak branches and shadow branches, and pruning top branches around the periphery;
b) The branches with top growth promotion are reserved at the top end of 2-3 branches with the angle of 45-60 degrees with the ground, the top is plucked for a long time of 30cm, the length of 20cm with flowers is reserved, and 1-2 flowers are reserved in each branch;
c) Cutting branches without flowers to 12cm long, keeping 2 branches with an angle of 45-60 degrees with the ground and outwards growing at the top end when the branches are slightly sprouted again, picking the tops when the branches grow to 30cm long, keeping 20cm long with flowers, and keeping 2 flowers and fruits for each branch;
d) The number of small fruits is controlled to be 40-120 per batch of fruits per tree of the three-year-old tree, for example, 20-30 fruits are reserved when bagging is carried out in 5-6 months, for example, 20-40 fruits are reserved when bagging is carried out in 7-8 months, for example, 50-60 fruits are reserved when bagging is carried out in 8-9 months, for example, 30-40 fruits are reserved when bagging is carried out in 10-11 months;
e) Over four years old, the number of small fruits per plant is controlled to be 100-120, such as 30-40 fruits when bagging for 5-6 months, such as 80-90 fruits when bagging for 7-8 months, such as 80-90 fruits when bagging for 8-9 months, such as 60-70 fruits when bagging for 10-11 months.
2. The guava high-yield and high-quality pruning method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the four-stage branches are carried out, the whole tree body of the four-stage branch should form an inverse umbrella-shaped tree body, and the inverse umbrella-shaped tree body is matched with a binding belt, a binding belt and a supporting frame for auxiliary shaping.
3. The guava high-yield and high-quality pruning method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the tree body of the tree above three years old is cultivated, the tree body is in an inverse umbrella shape, and auxiliary shaping is carried out by matching with a binding belt, a binding belt and a supporting frame.
4. The guava high-yield and high-quality pruning method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the branches are shaped at an angle of 45-60 degrees, auxiliary shaping is performed by matching with a binding belt, a binding belt and a supporting frame, and meanwhile, the whole nutrition of the tree body is ensured, and the normal development of the pomegranate tree is ensured.
5. The guava high-yield and high-quality pruning method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the bag body of the bagging adopts a foaming net bag and a transparent plastic bag.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101940142A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2011-01-12 | 华侨大学 | No-pollution standardized high-yield method for cultivating guava |
| KR20120035085A (en) * | 2010-10-04 | 2012-04-13 | 원은미 | Graft guava tree upon pomegranate tree |
| CN104082016A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-10-08 | 句容市仑山花木场 | Arbor type weigela florida thickening and trunk strengthening method |
| JP2017148020A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-08-31 | 未来工業株式会社 | Raising aid device and plant growing device |
| WO2019216302A1 (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2019-11-14 | 株式会社カネカ | Method for cultivating plants and coloring accelerator for grape berries |
-
2022
- 2022-04-30 CN CN202210476789.2A patent/CN114931071B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101940142A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2011-01-12 | 华侨大学 | No-pollution standardized high-yield method for cultivating guava |
| KR20120035085A (en) * | 2010-10-04 | 2012-04-13 | 원은미 | Graft guava tree upon pomegranate tree |
| CN104082016A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-10-08 | 句容市仑山花木场 | Arbor type weigela florida thickening and trunk strengthening method |
| JP2017148020A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-08-31 | 未来工業株式会社 | Raising aid device and plant growing device |
| WO2019216302A1 (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2019-11-14 | 株式会社カネカ | Method for cultivating plants and coloring accelerator for grape berries |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 不同修剪和疏果措施对番石榴产量及果实品质的影响;吕春茂;杨国放;蔡英时;李作轩;;北方果树(03);全文 * |
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