CN114902829A - Construction method capable of improving soil fertility of tea garden - Google Patents
Construction method capable of improving soil fertility of tea garden Download PDFInfo
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- CN114902829A CN114902829A CN202210640764.1A CN202210640764A CN114902829A CN 114902829 A CN114902829 A CN 114902829A CN 202210640764 A CN202210640764 A CN 202210640764A CN 114902829 A CN114902829 A CN 114902829A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims description 60
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009024 Ceanothus sanguineus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000003553 Leptospermum scoparium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000006468 Thea sinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000020333 oolong tea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- CRDAMVZIKSXKFV-YFVJMOTDSA-N (2-trans,6-trans)-farnesol Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CO CRDAMVZIKSXKFV-YFVJMOTDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000272816 Anser cygnoides Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020279 black tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009569 green tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a construction method capable of improving soil fertility of a tea garden, which comprises the following steps: step one, organic fertilizer is broadcast sown on the surface of soil, the number of jacks per mu is not less than three, step two, rotary tillage is performed, the soil is fully and deeply ploughed by 50 cm, amino acid bacterial fertilizer is applied in a combined mode, step three, the amino acid bacterial fertilizer is uniformly mixed with the soil, secondary rotary tillage is performed on the soil, and step four, the straw is smashed and covered on the surface of the soil. According to the construction method capable of improving the soil fertility of the tea garden, the straw is covered on the surface of the tea garden, so that the crop yield is improved, the weed generation density is reduced, the soil fertility, the temperature, the biological diversity and the like are improved, the operation is simple and convenient, and the water and soil loss is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tea garden planting, in particular to a construction method capable of improving soil fertility of a tea garden.
Background
Swan goose No. 12 is a new variety of high-aroma high-quality oolong tea screened and bred from Tie Guanyin natural filial generation, has strong adaptability, is suitable for preparing high-aroma oolong tea, floral black tea and floral green tea, has excellent quality of finished tea, and returns straw to field, which is a process of returning crop straws to soil after direct or indirect treatment, is one of the common agricultural measures in modern agricultural production.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a construction method for improving soil fertility of tea garden to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a construction method capable of improving soil fertility of a tea garden, and solves the technical problems.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a construction method capable of improving the soil fertility of a tea garden, which comprises the following steps:
step one, broadcasting an organic fertilizer on the surface of soil, wherein the number of the organic fertilizer is not less than three per mu;
step two, rotary tillage, wherein the soil is completely deep ploughed by 50 cm and is applied with amino acid bacterial manure;
step three, uniformly mixing the amino acid bacterial fertilizer and the soil, fully and uniformly mixing the amino acid bacterial fertilizer and the soil, and carrying out secondary rotary tillage on the soil;
and step four, smashing the straws and covering the straws on the surface of the soil.
Further, the pH value of the amino acid bacterial fertilizer is 3.36, the content of organic matters is 25%, the content of effective phosphorus is 7%, the content of quick-acting potassium is 8%, and the content of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen is 9%.
Further, the organic fertilizer comprises chicken manure, soybean meal and tea tree fungus residues, the thickness of the soil covered by the crushed straws in the fourth step is 4-5 cm, and the covering time is 1-5 years.
Further, after organic fertilizers are broadcast in the step one, soil is ploughed to a depth of 20-30 cm, the organic fertilizers and soil blocks are fully mixed while ploughing, the planting land is solarized for 3-5 days, and sterilization and deinsectization are carried out to the maximum extent.
And further, adding earthworms into the crushed straws in the fourth step and covering the straws on the surface of the soil.
Compared with the related technology, the construction method capable of improving the soil fertility of the tea garden provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the construction method capable of improving the soil fertility of the tea garden has the effects of improving the crop yield, reducing the weed occurrence density, improving the soil fertility, the temperature, the biological diversity and the like by covering the straws on the surface of the tea garden, is simple and convenient to operate, and reduces water and soil loss.
2. The invention provides a construction method capable of improving soil fertility of a tea garden, the total crop straw yield reaches about 10 hundred million tons in one year due to various straws, the straw resources are reasonably used to facilitate tea production management, the straw is directly returned to the field, the tea yield, the soil nutrient content and the bacteria diversity are further facilitated to be improved, and the effect of directly covering straws, chaffs and straws in the tea garden has obvious effects on improving the soil temperature and the water content of the tea garden and inhibiting weeds, so that the effect of obviously improving the soil moisture utilization efficiency and the soil fertility by covering straws on the surface of the tea garden is found.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the content of organic matter in tea garden soil provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the content of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen in tea garden soil provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the content of the quick-acting potassium in the tea garden soil provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the content of available phosphorus in tea garden soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the content of available calcium in tea garden soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effective magnesium content in the tea garden soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of total nitrogen content of tea garden soil provided by the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the total phosphorus content of tea garden soil provided by the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the total potassium content of tea garden soil provided by the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a graph of the content of pb in tea garden soil provided by the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph of Se content in tea garden soil provided by the present invention.
The values in the figure are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n ═ 3), and the different lower case letters indicate significant differences between the different years (P < 0.05).
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
EXAMPLE 1
Referring to fig. 1-3, a method for improving soil fertility in a tea garden includes the steps of: step one, organic fertilizer is broadcast sown on the surface of soil, the number of jacks per mu is not less than three, step two, rotary tillage is performed, the soil is fully and deeply ploughed by 50 cm, amino acid bacterial fertilizer is applied in a combined mode, step three, the amino acid bacterial fertilizer is uniformly mixed with the soil, secondary rotary tillage is performed on the soil, and step four, the straw is smashed and covered on the surface of the soil.
The amino acid bacterial fertilizer disclosed by the invention has the pH value of 3.36, the organic matter content of 25%, the effective phosphorus content of 7%, the quick-acting potassium content of 8% and the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content of 9%, and the organic fertilizer comprises chicken manure, bean pulp and tea tree bacterial residues;
in the fourth step of the invention, the thickness of the soil covered by the crushed straws is 4-5 cm, and the covering time is 1 year;
in the first step of the method, after organic fertilizer is broadcast, soil is ploughed to a depth of 20-30 cm, the organic fertilizer and soil blocks are fully mixed while ploughing, the planting land is solarized for 3-5 days, sterilization and deinsectization treatment is carried out to the maximum extent, and earthworms are added into the crushed straws and covered on the surface of the soil.
EXAMPLE 2
As shown in fig. 1-5: in the case where the other portions are the same as those of embodiment 1, this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: in the fourth step, the thickness of the soil covered by the crushed straws is 4-5 cm, and the covering time is 3 years.
EXAMPLE 2
As shown in fig. 1-5: in the case where the other portions are the same as those of embodiment 1, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: in the fourth step, the thickness of the soil covered by the crushed straws is 4-5 cm, and the covering time is 5 years.
The research of the invention shows that the soil samples covering 1 year, 3 years and 5 years are respectively collected, specifically, soil samples of 0-30cm soil layers are collected, 3 sampling points are randomly selected in each cell, each sampling point is at least separated by 100 square meters, and the soil samples of the sampling points in the same cell are uniformly mixed, air-dried and sieved;
the method for measuring the soil organic matter of the tea garden refers to the standard NY/T1121.6-2006; the method for determining the alkaline hydrolysis N and the total N is referred to the standard LY/T1228-2015; the effective P determination method is referenced to standard NY/T1121.7-2014; the quick-acting K determination method is referred to standard LY/T1234-2015; the determination method of effective Ca and effective Mg refers to standard NY/T1121.13-2006; the full P assay method is referenced to standard LY/T1232-2015; the full K assay is referenced to standard LY/T1254-1999; the method for measuring the content of heavy metal Pb in tea garden soil is referred to the reference standard GB/T17141-1997; the Se content determination method of the tea garden soil refers to the standard NY/T1104-one 2006;
according to the invention, test data are sorted by Excel, variance analysis and significance test are carried out by using PASW Statistics 18 statistical software to determine differences among processing groups, P is less than or equal to 0.05 and is considered to have significant differences, and finally GraphPad 8.0 is adopted to draw pictures;
as shown in figure 1, the soil organic matter content can be obviously improved by covering the earth surface, the increase range of the organic matter is increased along with the increase of the age limit, the organic matter content of the tea garden covered for 3 years reaches 27.50g/kg, and is increased by 18 percent compared with the tea garden covered for 1 year; the content can reach 35.33g/kg after 5 years of coverage, and is respectively increased by 36 percent and 22 percent compared with the content which covers 1 year and 3 years;
as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, after covering the ground surface for 3 years, the content of alkaline hydrolysis N in the soil is remarkably improved, the content can be improved by 21 percent compared with 1 year, and reaches 168.31mg/kg, and the effective P and the quick-acting K of the soil are greatly improved in 5 years, wherein the effective P is respectively improved by 55 percent and 50 percent compared with the covering for 1 year and 3 years, the content reaches 177.43mg/kg, the quick-acting K is respectively improved by 59 percent and 52 percent compared with the covering for 1 year and 3 years, and the content reaches 221.50 mg/kg;
as shown in figures 5 and 6, the content of effective Ca and effective Mg in the tea garden soil is greatly increased after 5 years of covering, the content of the effective Ca and the effective Mg in the tea garden soil is improved by 14 percent after 3 years of covering compared with the content of the effective Ca and the effective Mg in the tea garden soil after 1 year of covering, and the content respectively reaches 105.37Mg/kg and 18.37 Mg/kg; the content of effective Ca in the soil of the tea garden covered for 5 years is respectively improved by 59 percent and 52 percent compared with that of the soil of the tea garden covered for 1 year and 3 years, and the content reaches 221.50 mg/kg; the effective Mg content of the soil of the tea garden covered for 5 years is respectively improved by 51 percent and 43 percent compared with that of the soil of the tea garden covered for 1 year and 3 years, and the content reaches 32.10 Mg/kg;
as shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, the improvement was less in magnitude for 3 years of continuous coverage compared to 1 year of coverage, where there was no significant difference in the total P content of the tea garden soil; the total N of the tea garden soil which is continuously covered for 5 years is improved by 32 percent and 21 percent respectively compared with the tea garden soil which is covered for 1 year and 3 years, and the content is 0.17 percent; the total P of the tea garden soil which is continuously covered for 5 years is respectively improved by 36 percent and 41 percent compared with the tea garden soil which is continuously covered for 1 year and 3 years, and the content is 0.11 percent; the total K of the tea garden soil which is continuously covered for 5 years is respectively improved by 47 percent and 39 percent compared with the soil covered for 1 year and 3 years, and the content is 3.10 percent;
as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, after 3 years of continuous covering, the Pb content is increased from 57.72mg/kg to 70.80mg/kg, which is increased by 18 percent, and the Pb content of the soil reaches 91.43 percent after 5 years of continuous covering, which is increased by 26 percent compared with the Pb content of the soil covered by 3 years; the Se content in the tea garden soil can be obviously improved after the earth surface is covered for 3 years, and the Se content is increased from 0.30mg/kg to 0.38mg/kg after the earth surface is continuously covered for 3 years, and is improved by 27 percent.
The invention uses rice straws as a material to cover the tea garden soil, has obvious effect of improving the soil fertility of the tea garden, contains rich nutrient substances, wherein the nutrient of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 4.7 percent, 2.1 percent and 40.8 percent of the nutrient dosage of the agricultural fertilizer in the current year, the reasonable use of ground surface coverage and the application of the fertilizer can not only improve the soil fertility of tea gardens, but also improve the crop yield, in addition, the soil fertility of the tea garden is gradually increased along with the increase of the ground surface covering duration, the lifting range of the alkali-hydrolyzed N removal is larger after the alkali-hydrolyzed N is continuously returned to the field for 3 years, the other substances are increased to the maximum in 5 years, wherein effective P, quick-acting K, total P and total K are greatly increased compared with 3 years of continuous returning to the field for 5 years, the increase is between 40 and 52 percent, therefore, the continuous returning of the straws to the field has a positive influence on the improvement of the content of organic matters, quick-acting nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil of the tea garden.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed by the present invention or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A construction method capable of improving soil fertility of a tea garden comprises the following steps:
step one, broadcasting an organic fertilizer on the surface of soil, wherein the number of the organic fertilizer is not less than three per mu;
step two, rotary tillage, wherein the soil is completely deep ploughed by 50 cm and is applied with amino acid bacterial manure;
step three, uniformly mixing the amino acid bacterial fertilizer and the soil, fully and uniformly mixing the amino acid bacterial fertilizer and the soil, and carrying out secondary rotary tillage on the soil;
and step four, smashing the straws and covering the straws on the surface of the soil.
2. The construction method capable of improving the soil fertility of the tea garden as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amino acid bacterial fertilizer has a pH of 3.36, an organic matter content of 25%, an available phosphorus content of 7%, a quick-acting potassium content of 8%, and an alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content of 9%.
3. The construction method capable of improving soil fertility of the tea garden as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer comprises chicken manure, soybean meal and tea tree fungus residues.
4. The construction method capable of improving the soil fertility of the tea garden according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the soil covered by the crushed straws in the fourth step is 4-5 cm, and the covering time is 1-5 years.
5. The construction method capable of improving the soil fertility of the tea garden according to claim 1, wherein the soil is ploughed to a depth of 20-30 cm after organic fertilizer is broadcast in the first step, the organic fertilizer and soil blocks are fully mixed during ploughing, and the planting field is subjected to solarization for 3-5 days, so that the sterilization and deinsectization treatment is performed to the maximum extent.
6. The construction method capable of improving the soil fertility of the tea garden as claimed in claim 1, wherein earthworms are added to the four crushed straws and covered on the soil surface.
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| CN202210640764.1A CN114902829A (en) | 2022-06-08 | 2022-06-08 | Construction method capable of improving soil fertility of tea garden |
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| CN202210640764.1A CN114902829A (en) | 2022-06-08 | 2022-06-08 | Construction method capable of improving soil fertility of tea garden |
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2022
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Patent Citations (8)
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