CN114875659A - 一种超疏水滤料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种超疏水滤料及其制备方法,属于疏水滤料领域。一种超疏水滤料的制备方法,主要步骤包括:将纳米二氧化钛、纳米二氧化硅制备成Ti/Si核壳结构微粒,将其配制成浸渍液;通过浸轧‑焙烘的方式负载到经表面处理的滤料上;最后对负载Ti/Si核壳结构微粒的滤料进行疏水化处理,得到超疏水滤料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及疏水滤料领域,具体涉及一种超疏水滤料及其制备方法。
背景技术
滤料在工况中使用,工况烟气往往具有较高的湿度,当水蒸汽遇到滤料表面,会冷凝或结露,浸润滤料表面和内部,会使烟气中的粉尘颗粒物黏附于滤料表面,从而造成糊袋。因此滤料的防水处理尤为重要。
目前,对于滤料的主流防水处理为添加防水剂,通过浸渍的方法负载到滤料上,从而达到防水的目的。这种只添加防水剂的方法,仅是通过物理负载,将防护剂的有效成分分散到滤料上,在长时间的运行过程中,其会慢慢失效。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提出了一种超疏水滤料的制备方法。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:
一种超疏水滤料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
以纳米TiO2为核,外面包覆纳米SiO2壳层,制备Ti/Si核壳结构微粒;
将Ti/Si核壳结构微粒加入乙醇溶液中,配制好浸渍用Ti/Si核壳结构微粒浆料;将浸渍浆料浸轧到针刺毡上;
将浸轧后的涤纶针刺毡浸轧疏水处理液,通过热定型获得所述超疏水滤料。
可选地,所述制备Ti/Si核壳结构微粒包括以下步骤:
纳米TiO2、体积分数为10%的乙醇水溶液混合配置,再向其中加入聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,进行磁力搅拌,随后滴加氨水,直至溶液的pH为8~9;再向其中滴加四乙氧基硅烷或正硅酸乙酯溶液,边加入边进行磁力搅拌,同时加入无水乙醇溶液;在边搅拌边滴加上述溶液的同时,使SiO2在TiO2表面包覆,得到所述的Ti/Si核壳结构微粒。
可选地,所述的针刺毡在浸轧前经过预处理,所述预处理的步骤包括:
将针刺毡浸泡于NaOH溶液中,对针刺毡纤维的表面进行刻蚀,处理完后进行水洗。
可选地,所述疏水处理液包括:碳八防水剂、硅烷偶联剂、无水乙醇与去离子水。
可选地,所述的碳八防水剂、硅烷偶联剂、无水乙醇与去离子水配置质量比为:(2~3):(1~2):(50~60):(40~50)。
可选地,硅烷偶联剂可以是正十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种。
可选地,所述的纳米TiO2、体积分数为10%的乙醇水溶液按照质量比为100:(150~200)的比例进行配制。
可选地,加入原料的比例为:聚乙烯吡咯烷酮3~5质量份;四乙氧基硅烷或正硅酸乙酯溶液10~20质量份;无水乙醇溶液150~200质量份。
可选地,所述的针刺毡为涤纶针刺毡。
另一方面,本发明还涉及上述的方法制备的超疏水滤料。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明的超疏水滤料制备方法,通过刻蚀和负载Ti/Si核壳结构微粒改变滤料纤维表面结构,同时添加防水剂,有效提升滤料的防水等级和使用寿命。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的一些示例中,公开了一种超疏水滤料的制备方法,主要步骤包括:将纳米二氧化钛、纳米二氧化硅制备成Ti/Si核壳结构微粒,将其配制成浸渍液;通过浸轧-焙烘的方式负载到经表面处理的滤料上;最后对负载Ti/Si核壳结构微粒的滤料进行疏水化处理,得到超疏水滤料。
1.Ti/Si核壳结构微粒的制备
以纳米TiO2为核,外面包覆纳米SiO2壳层,制备Ti/Si核壳结构微粒。将纳米TiO2、体积分数为10%的乙醇水溶液按照质量比为100:(150~200)的比例进行配制,进行超声分散15~20min。再向其中加入聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)3~5质量份,进行磁力搅拌20~30min,随后滴加氨水,边滴加边测试溶液的pH,直至溶液的pH为8~9。再向其中滴加四乙氧基硅烷或正硅酸乙酯溶液10~20质量份,边加入边进行磁力搅拌,同时加入无水乙醇溶液150~200质量份。在边搅拌边滴加上述溶液的同时,在30~40℃下反应24h,使在TiO2表面包覆SiO2。最后进行离心并水洗至pH为7左右,得到Ti/Si核壳结构微粒。
2.针刺毡的预处理
将纤维针刺毡进行预处理。以涤纶针刺毡为例,取涤纶针刺毡圆片,浸泡于质量分数为40%的NaOH溶液中2~3h,对针刺毡纤维的表面进行刻蚀,降低其表面能,处理完后进行水洗。
3.Ti/Si核壳结构微粒的负载
将步骤1制备的Ti/Si核壳结构微粒加入乙醇溶液中,控制溶液固含量为20~30%,配制好浸渍用Ti/Si核壳结构微粒浆料。通过两浸两轧的方式,将浸渍浆料浸轧到步骤2得到的预处理涤纶针刺毡,控制浸渍速度为1~2m/min,调节浸轧辊压力控制轧余率为50~60%。
4.疏水化处理
将碳八防水剂、硅烷偶联剂、无水乙醇、去离子水按照质量比(2~3):(1~2):(50~60):(40~50)的比例配制成疏水处理液。
上述硅烷偶联剂可以是正十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种。
将步骤3浸轧后的涤纶针刺毡再次浸轧上述疏水处理液,采用两浸两轧的方式,控制浸渍速度为1~2m/min,浸轧辊压力为0.1~0.15MPa。随后,将浸轧疏水处理液的涤纶针刺毡进行焙烘-热定型,控制热烘定型温度为130~160℃,热烘时间为5~10min。最终得到超疏水滤料。
5.性能评估
将步骤4制作好超疏水滤料按照GB/T 6719-2009《袋式除尘器技术要求》中的方法进行防水等级评价。
实施例1
1.Ti/Si核壳结构微粒的制备
将纳米TiO2、体积分数为10~20%的乙醇水溶液按照质量比为100:150的比例进行配制,进行超声分15min。再向其中加入聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)3质量份,进行磁力搅拌2min,随后滴加氨水,边滴加边测试溶液的pH,直至溶液的pH为8。再向其中滴加四乙氧基硅烷溶液10质量份,边加入边进行磁力搅拌,同时加入无水乙醇溶液150质量份。在边搅拌边滴加上述溶液的同时,在30℃下反应24h,使在TiO2表面包覆SiO2。最后进行离心并水洗至pH为7左右,得到Ti/Si核壳结构微粒。
2.针刺毡的预处理
以涤纶针刺毡为例,取涤纶针刺毡圆片,浸泡于质量分数为40%的NaOH溶液中2h,对针刺毡纤维的表面进行刻蚀,降低其表面能,处理完后进行水洗。
3.Ti/Si核壳结构微粒的负载
将步骤1制备的Ti/Si核壳结构微粒加入乙醇溶液中,控制溶液固含量为20%,配制好浸渍用Ti/Si核壳结构微粒浆料。通过两浸两轧的方式,将浸渍浆料浸轧到步骤2得到的预处理涤纶针刺毡,控制浸渍速度为1m/min,调节浸轧辊压力控制轧余率为50%。
4.疏水化处理
将碳八防水剂、硅烷偶联剂、无水乙醇、去离子水按照质量比2:1:50:50的比例配制成疏水处理液。上述硅烷偶联剂可以是正十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种。
将步骤3浸轧后的涤纶针刺毡再次浸轧上述疏水处理液,采用两浸两轧的方式,控制浸渍速度为1m/min,浸轧辊压力为0.1MPa。随后,将浸轧疏水处理液的涤纶针刺毡进行焙烘-热定型,控制热烘定型温度为130℃,热烘时间为5min。最终得到超疏水滤料。
5.性能评估
将步骤4制作好超疏水滤料按照GB/T 6719-2009《袋式除尘器技术要求》中的方法进行防水等级评价,结果见表1
实施例2
1.Ti/Si核壳结构微粒的制备
将纳米TiO2、体积分数为15%的乙醇水溶液按照质量比为100:180的比例进行配制,进行超声分散18min。再向其中加入聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)4质量份,进行磁力搅25min,随后滴加氨水,边滴加边测试溶液的pH,直至溶液的pH为8.5。再向其中滴加正硅酸乙酯溶液15质量份,边加入边进行磁力搅拌,同时加入无水乙醇溶液180质量份。在边搅拌边滴加上述溶液的同时,在35℃下反应24h,使在TiO2表面包覆SiO2。最后进行离心并水洗至pH为7左右,得到Ti/Si核壳结构微粒。
2.针刺毡的预处理
以涤纶针刺毡为例,取涤纶针刺毡圆片,浸泡于质量分数为40%的NaOH溶液中2.5h,对针刺毡纤维的表面进行刻蚀,降低其表面能,处理完后进行水洗。
3.Ti/Si核壳结构微粒的负载
将步骤1制备的Ti/Si核壳结构微粒加入乙醇溶液中,控制溶液固含量为25%,配制好浸渍用Ti/Si核壳结构微粒浆料。通过两浸两轧的方式,将浸渍浆料浸轧到步骤2得到的预处理涤纶针刺毡,控制浸渍速度为1.5m/min,调节浸轧辊压力控制轧余率为55%。
4.疏水化处理
将碳八防水剂、硅烷偶联剂、无水乙醇、去离子水按照质量比2.5:1.5:55:45的比例配制成疏水处理液。上述硅烷偶联剂可以是正十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种。
将步骤3浸轧后的涤纶针刺毡再次浸轧上述疏水处理液,采用两浸两轧的方式,控制浸渍速度为1.5m/min,浸轧辊压力为0.13MPa。随后,将浸轧疏水处理液的涤纶针刺毡进行焙烘-热定型,控制热烘定型温度为145℃,热烘时间为8min。最终得到超疏水滤料。
5.性能评估
将步骤4制作好超疏水滤料按照GB/T 6719-2009《袋式除尘器技术要求》中的方法进行防水等级评价,结果见表1。
实施例3
1.Ti/Si核壳结构微粒的制备
将纳米TiO2、体积分数为10~20%的乙醇水溶液按照质量比为100:200的比例进行配制,进行超声分散20min。再向其中加入聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)5质量份,进行磁力搅拌30min,随后滴加氨水,边滴加边测试溶液的pH,直至溶液的pH为9。再向其中滴加四乙氧基硅烷溶液20质量份,边加入边进行磁力搅拌,同时加入无水乙醇溶液200质量份。在边搅拌边滴加上述溶液的同时,在40℃下反应24h,使在TiO2表面包覆SiO2。最后进行离心并水洗至pH为7左右,得到Ti/Si核壳结构微粒。
2.针刺毡的预处理
以涤纶针刺毡为例,取涤纶针刺毡圆片,浸泡于质量分数为40%的NaOH溶液中3h,对针刺毡纤维的表面进行刻蚀,降低其表面能,处理完后进行水洗。
3.Ti/Si核壳结构微粒的负载
将步骤1制备的Ti/Si核壳结构微粒加入乙醇溶液中,控制溶液固含量为30%,配制好浸渍用Ti/Si核壳结构微粒浆料。通过两浸两轧的方式,将浸渍浆料浸轧到步骤2得到的预处理涤纶针刺毡,控制浸渍速度为2m/min,调节浸轧辊压力控制轧余率为60%。
4.疏水化处理
将碳八防水剂、硅烷偶联剂、无水乙醇、去离子水按照质量比3:2:60:40的比例配制成疏水处理液。上述硅烷偶联剂可以是正十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种。
将步骤3浸轧后的涤纶针刺毡再次浸轧上述疏水处理液,采用两浸两轧的方式,控制浸渍速度为2m/min,浸轧辊压力为0.15MPa。随后,将浸轧疏水处理液的涤纶针刺毡进行焙烘-热定型,控制热烘定型温度为160℃,热烘时间为10min。最终得到超疏水滤料。
5.性能评估
将步骤4制作好超疏水滤料按照GB/T 6719-2009《袋式除尘器技术要求》中的方法进行防水等级评价,结果见表1。
对比例1(不浸轧Ti/Si核壳结构微粒)
1.针刺毡的预处理
将纤维针刺毡进行预处理。以涤纶针刺毡为例,取涤纶针刺毡圆片,浸泡于质量分数为40%的NaOH溶液2.5h,对针刺毡纤维的表面进行刻蚀,降低其表面能,处理完后进行水洗。
2.疏水化处理
将碳八防水剂、硅烷偶联剂、无水乙醇、去离子水按照质量比2.5:1.5:55:45的比例配制成疏水处理液。上述硅烷偶联剂可以是正十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种。
将步骤1的涤纶针刺1.5m/min,浸轧辊压力为0.13MPa。随后,将浸轧疏水处理液的涤纶针刺毡进行焙烘-热定型,控制热烘定型温度为145℃,热烘时间8min。
3.性能评估
将步骤2制作好超疏水滤料按照GB/T 6719-2009《袋式除尘器技术要求》中的方法进行防水等级评价,结果见表1。
表1防水等级实验结果
级别 | |
实施例1 | 5 |
实施例2 | 5 |
实施例3 | 5 |
对比例1 | 3 |
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种超疏水滤料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
以纳米TiO2为核,外面包覆纳米SiO2壳层,制备Ti/Si核壳结构微粒;
将Ti/Si核壳结构微粒加入乙醇溶液中,配制好浸渍用Ti/Si核壳结构微粒浆料;将浸渍浆料浸轧到针刺毡上;
将浸轧后的涤纶针刺毡浸轧疏水处理液,通过热定型获得所述超疏水滤料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的超疏水滤料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备Ti/Si核壳结构微粒包括以下步骤:
纳米TiO2、体积分数为10%的乙醇水溶液混合配置,再向其中加入聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,进行磁力搅拌,随后滴加氨水,直至溶液的pH为8~9;再向其中滴加四乙氧基硅烷或正硅酸乙酯溶液,边加入边进行磁力搅拌,同时加入无水乙醇溶液;在边搅拌边滴加上述溶液的同时,使SiO2在TiO2表面包覆,得到所述的Ti/Si核壳结构微粒。
3.根据权利要求1所述的超疏水滤料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的针刺毡在浸轧前经过预处理,所述预处理的步骤包括:
将针刺毡浸泡于NaOH溶液中,对针刺毡纤维的表面进行刻蚀,处理完后进行水洗。
4.根据权利要求1所述的超疏水滤料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述疏水处理液包括:碳八防水剂、硅烷偶联剂、无水乙醇与去离子水。
5.根据权利要求4所述的超疏水滤料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的碳八防水剂、硅烷偶联剂、无水乙醇与去离子水配置质量比为:(2~3):(1~2):(50~60):(40~50)。
6.根据权利要求4所述的超疏水滤料的制备方法,其特征在于,硅烷偶联剂可以是正十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种。
7.根据权利要求2所述的超疏水滤料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的纳米TiO2、体积分数为10%的乙醇水溶液按照质量比为100:(150~200)的比例进行配制。
8.根据权利要求2所述的超疏水滤料的制备方法,其特征在于,加入原料的比例为:聚乙烯吡咯烷酮3~5质量份;四乙氧基硅烷或正硅酸乙酯溶液10~20质量份;无水乙醇溶液150~200质量份。
9.根据权利要求1所述的超疏水滤料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的针刺毡为涤纶针刺毡。
10.权利要求1~9任一所述的方法制备的超疏水滤料。
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