CN114875564B - 一种低熔点超短涤纶纤维制备反渗透ro膜的方法 - Google Patents
一种低熔点超短涤纶纤维制备反渗透ro膜的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种低熔点超短涤纶纤维制备反渗透RO膜的方法,属于功能性纤维技术领域,解决了现有技术中RO膜纯度低、工艺复杂、生产速度慢的问题,包括将涤纶切片粉碎,清洗后加入双螺杆挤出机内,熔融挤出复合熔体,纺丝组件喷丝,经环吹、甬道冷却、上油、牵引卷绕后松弛,卷曲,再烘干,在经编机上编织成胚布,将胚布置于定型装置中进行高温定型,制得反渗透RO膜。本发明中采用上压式纺丝组件对复合熔体进行纺丝,砂杯对熔体进行充分过滤,经计量后由喷丝板喷出,不仅提高涤纶纤维的纯度,而且满足短涤纶纤维的低熔点化;通过联合多个装置,使涤纶短纤维快速生产,并在定型装置中采用多个组件使涤纶纤维快速、均匀浸轧整理液,提高生产速度。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于功能性纤维技术领域,具体地说,尤其涉及一种低熔点超短涤纶纤维制备反渗透RO膜的方法。
背景技术
一般水的流动方式是由低浓度向高浓度流动,当水加压后,将由高浓度向低浓度流动,即为逆渗透,由于RO膜的孔径是发丝的百万分之一(0.0001mm),细菌、病毒等的孔径是其5000倍,因此,只有水分子及部分矿物离子能够通过,其它杂质及重金属均由废水管排出。现有的抗污染反渗透膜材料大多采用涤纶长纤维经编织而成,编织而成的织物通过浸轧硬挺剂使纤维内部、纤维之间或纤维表面形成薄膜,但由于采用涤纶长纤维制成,纤维分散性降低,制备过程中易存在杂质,从而导致RO膜品质下降,同时大多生产过程中需要人工反复操作,导致生产效率低下。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术存在的不足,提供了一种纯度高、工艺简单、生产快速的低熔点超短涤纶纤维制备反渗透RO膜的方法。
为了实现上述技术目的,本发明低熔点超短涤纶纤维制备反渗透RO膜的方法采用的技术方案为:
一种低熔点超短涤纶纤维制备反渗透RO膜的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将涤纶切片粉碎处理,浸泡2~3h后进行清洗,在清洗的过程中高速搅拌,搅拌后置于转鼓真空干燥机内真空干燥,制得含水率≤100ppm的涤纶颗粒;
(2)将涤纶颗粒加入双螺杆挤出机内,经计量设备均匀分配至复合组件中,反应一段时间后,挤出复合熔体,熔体经过滤器过滤后进入纺丝箱体,纺丝组件喷丝,形成低熔点超短涤纶纤维初生丝;
(3)初生丝经环吹、甬道冷却、上油、牵引卷绕后松弛,卷曲,再烘干,制得低熔点超短涤纶纤维;
(4)将低熔点超短涤纶纤维在经编机上编织成胚布;
(5)将胚布置于定型装置中进行高温定型,再经水洗、预烘、烘干,制得反渗透RO膜。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中纺丝组件包括经螺栓上下连接为一体的砂杯、分配板以及喷丝板,砂杯上方盖设有盖板,砂杯表面中心处连通有沿盖板内部横向延伸的管道,管道端部设有与熔体相连通的铝嘴,铝嘴处于盖板侧部端面。
优选的,所述步骤(5)定型装置内填充有整理液,按重量份计整理液由以下组分组成:8~10份聚乙烯、30~40份丙烯酸乙酯、5~10份过氧化锌、8~10份抗菌剂以及3~6份乙酸乙烯。
优选的,所述步骤(5)中定型装置包括机架,机架表面设有浸轧槽,浸轧槽表面架设有升降架,升降架两端端部分别连接有升降组件,升降组件包括与机架侧部固定连接的固定板,固定板横置于升降架表面,固定板表面插设有与升降架固定连接的T形连接架,T形连接架底部设有抵触于固定板表面的伸缩弹簧,T形连接架表面开设有凹槽,凹槽内抵触连接有滑动轮,滑动轮偏离中心处连接有与机架背部固定连接的定位轴,滑动轮背面设有驱使其沿圆周方向转动的第一微型电机,升降架表面一端设有导入辊组,另一端设有导出辊组,胚布自导入辊组进入沿多个支撑辊向导出辊组延伸而出,浸轧槽底壁上方设有提升胚布浸轧效果的助浸组件,助浸组件包括自浸轧槽底部向其内壁中心插入的固定轴,固定轴顶部套设有置于浸轧槽底壁上方的旋转座,旋转座底部同轴连接有置于浸轧槽底部的旋转齿轮,旋转齿轮套设于固定轴表面,旋转齿轮表面啮合有从动齿轮,从动齿轮经第二微型电机驱动,旋转座前端表面经连接轴连接有与旋转座以固定夹角设置的定位片,定位片另一端转动连接有调节片,调节片另一端转动连接有旋转片,旋转片另一端与旋转座末端转动连接,旋转座末端底部连接有搅拌桨,搅拌桨与旋转片同轴连接。
优选的,所述浸轧槽一侧架设有补液槽,补液槽底部设有可与其接通的插接组件,插接组件包括架设于浸轧槽表面的固定块,固定块表面开设有弧形引流槽,引流槽内滑动连接有滑动块,滑动块表面设有插入补液槽底部的插管,滑动块侧部连接有控制其沿引流槽滑动的控制杆,控制杆前端经螺栓连接有斜杆,后端与固定块相铰接,斜杆末端连接有调节杆,调节杆前端经连接耳与伸缩气缸相连接,中部与固定块表面相连接。
优选的,所述支撑辊设置于所述升降架表面,并成三角状均匀分布。
优选的,所述导入辊组包括上下压合的上导入辊和下导入辊,所述导出辊组包括上下压合的上导出辊和下导出辊。
优选的,所述连接耳呈竖直状连接伸缩气缸和调节杆。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明中采用上压式纺丝组件对复合熔体进行纺丝,砂杯对熔体进行充分过滤,经计量后由喷丝板喷出,不仅提高涤纶纤维的纯度,而且满足短涤纶纤维的低熔点化;通过联合多个装置,使涤纶短纤维快速生产,并在定型装置中采用多个组件使涤纶纤维快速、均匀浸轧整理液,提高生产速度。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图;
图2是本发明中纺丝组件的结构示意图;
图3是本发明中助浸组件的结构示意图;
图4是本发明中插接组件的结构示意图。
图中:1.砂杯;2.分配板;3.喷丝板;4.盖板;5.管道;6.铝嘴;7.机架;8.浸轧槽;9.升降架;10.固定板;11.T形连接架;12.伸缩弹簧;13.滑动轮;14.定位轴;15.支撑辊;16.固定轴;17.旋转座;18.旋转齿轮;19.从动齿轮;20.定位片;21.调节片;22.旋转片;23.搅拌桨;24.补液槽;25.固定块;26.引流槽;27.滑动块;28.插管;29.控制杆;30.斜杆;31.调节杆;32.连接耳;33.伸缩气缸。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式,对发明进一步说明:
如图1—图4所示,一种低熔点超短涤纶纤维制备反渗透RO膜的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将涤纶切片粉碎处理,浸泡2~3h后进行清洗,在清洗的过程中高速搅拌,搅拌后置于转鼓真空干燥机内真空干燥,制得含水率≤100ppm的涤纶颗粒;
(2)将涤纶颗粒加入双螺杆挤出机内,经计量设备均匀分配至复合组件中,反应一段时间后,挤出复合熔体,熔体经过滤器过滤后进入纺丝箱体,纺丝组件喷丝,形成低熔点超短涤纶纤维初生丝;
(3)初生丝经环吹、甬道冷却、上油、牵引卷绕后松弛,卷曲,再烘干,制得低熔点超短涤纶纤维;
(4)将低熔点超短涤纶纤维在经编机上编织成胚布;
(5)将胚布置于定型装置中进行高温定型,再经水洗、预烘、烘干,制得反渗透RO膜,定型装置内填充有整理液,按重量份计整理液由以下组分组成:8~10份聚乙烯、30~40份丙烯酸乙酯、5~10份过氧化锌、8~10份抗菌剂以及3~6份乙酸乙烯。
低熔点聚酯纤维在合成过程中加入了具有不对称结构的改性单体,破坏了分子链的规整性,使得共聚酯的结晶能力降低,结晶度和结晶完善程度降低,故熔点随之降低,低熔点聚酯纤维在较低加热温度条件下熔融,使得聚酯纤维互相粘合在一起,从而满足RO膜所需求的细旦、分散的要求。
所述步骤(2)中纺丝组件包括经螺栓上下连接为一体的砂杯1、分配板2以及喷丝板3,砂杯1上方盖设有盖板4,砂杯1表面中心处连通有沿盖板4内部横向延伸的管道5,管道5端部设有与熔体相连通的铝嘴6,铝嘴6处于盖板4侧部端面。利用砂杯,充分过滤熔体中杂质,提高纤维纯度,熔体经砂杯1过滤后再由分配板2分配计量后由喷丝板3喷出。
所述步骤(5)中定型装置包括机架7,机架7表面设有浸轧槽8,浸轧槽8表面架设有升降架9,升降架9两端端部分别连接有升降组件,升降组件包括与机架7侧部固定连接的固定板10,固定板10横置于升降架9表面,固定板10表面插设有与升降架9固定连接的T形连接架11,T形连接架11底部设有抵触于固定板10表面的伸缩了弹簧12,T形连接架11表面开设有凹槽,凹槽内抵触连接有滑动轮13,滑动轮13偏离中心处连接有与机架7背部固定连接的定位轴14,滑动轮13背面设有驱使其沿圆周方向转动的第一微型电机,升降架9表面一端设有导入辊组,另一端设有导出辊组,导入辊组包括上下压合的上导入辊和下导入辊,导出辊组包括上下压合的上导出辊和下导出辊,胚布自导入辊组进入沿多个支撑辊15向导出辊组延伸而出,所述支撑辊15设置于所述升降架9表面,并成三角状均匀分布,浸轧槽8底壁上方设有提升胚布浸轧效果的助浸组件,助浸组件包括自浸轧槽8底部向其内壁中心插入的固定轴16,固定轴16顶部套设有置于浸轧槽8底壁上方的旋转座17,旋转座17底部同轴连接有置于浸轧槽8底部的旋转齿轮18,旋转齿轮18套设于固定轴16表面,旋转齿轮18表面啮合有从动齿轮19,从动齿轮19经第二微型电机驱动,旋转座17前端表面经连接轴连接有与旋转座17以固定夹角设置的定位片20,定位片20另一端转动连接有调节片21,调节片21另一端转动连接有旋转片22,旋转片22另一端与旋转座17末端转动连接,旋转座17末端底部连接有搅拌桨23,搅拌桨23与旋转片22同轴连接,所述浸轧槽8一侧架设有补液槽24,补液槽24底部设有可与其接通的插接组件,插接组件包括架设于浸轧槽8表面的固定块25,固定块25表面开设有弧形引流槽26,引流槽26内滑动连接有滑动块27,滑动块27表面设有插入补液槽24底部的插管28,滑动块27侧部连接有控制其沿引流槽26滑动的控制杆29,控制杆29前端经螺栓连接有斜杆30,后端与固定块25相铰接,斜杆30末端连接有调节杆31,调节杆31前端经连接耳32与伸缩气缸33相连接,中部与固定块25表面相连接,所述连接耳32呈竖直状连接伸缩气缸33和调节杆31。
本发明中胚布自上导入辊和下导入辊之间导入,绕设于支撑辊15表面后再由上导出辊和下导出辊之间导出,启动第一微型电机,第一微型电机驱使滑动轮13绕圆周转动,滑动轮下13压T形连接架11下落,令导入辊组和导出辊组之间的胚布充分浸入整理液中,同时,启动第二微型电机,从动齿轮19带动旋转齿轮18转动,旋转齿轮18带动旋转座17沿圆周方向转动,旋转座17底部的搅拌桨23对整理液进行搅拌,确保整理液浓度保持均匀,定位片20、调节片21以及旋转片22的配合,提高旋转座17抗扭性,令其免受整理液流动过程中带来的扰乱,当浸轧槽8内整理液逐渐减少,需要添加时,启动伸缩气缸33,连接耳32带动调节杆31前端下落,调节杆31后端上移,与调节杆31后端相连接的斜杆30向上受力后带动滑动块27沿引流槽26向上,促使插管28插入补液槽24,令补液槽24内整理液流入浸轧槽8内。
综上,仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非用来限定本发明实施的范围,凡依本发明权利要求范围的形状、构造、特征及精神所为的均等变化与修饰,均应包括于本发明的权利要求范围内。
Claims (5)
1.一种低熔点超短涤纶纤维制备反渗透RO膜的方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)将涤纶切片粉碎处理,浸泡2~3h后进行清洗,在清洗的过程中高速搅拌,搅拌后置于转鼓真空干燥机内真空干燥,制得含水率≤100ppm的涤纶颗粒;
(2)将涤纶颗粒加入双螺杆挤出机内,经计量设备均匀分配至复合组件中,反应一段时间后,挤出复合熔体,熔体经过滤器过滤后进入纺丝箱体,纺丝组件喷丝,形成低熔点超短涤纶纤维初生丝;
(3)初生丝经环吹、甬道冷却、上油、牵引卷绕后松弛,卷曲,再烘干,制得低熔点超短涤纶纤维;
(4)将低熔点超短涤纶纤维在经编机上编织成胚布;
(5)将胚布置于定型装置中进行高温定型,再经水洗、预烘、烘干,制得反渗透RO膜;
所述步骤(2)中纺丝组件包括经螺栓上下连接为一体的砂杯、分配板以及喷丝板,砂杯上方盖设有盖板,砂杯表面中心处连通有沿盖板内部横向延伸的管道,管道端部设有与熔体相连通的铝嘴,铝嘴处于盖板侧部端面;
所述步骤(5)中定型装置包括机架,机架表面设有浸轧槽,浸轧槽表面架设有升降架,升降架两端端部分别连接有升降组件,升降组件包括与机架侧部固定连接的固定板,固定板横置于升降架表面,固定板表面插设有与升降架固定连接的T形连接架,T形连接架底部设有抵触于固定板表面的伸缩弹簧,T形连接架表面开设有凹槽,凹槽内抵触连接有滑动轮,滑动轮偏离中心处连接有与机架背部固定连接的定位轴,滑动轮背面设有驱使其沿圆周方向转动的第一微型电机,升降架表面一端设有导入辊组,另一端设有导出辊组,胚布自导入辊组进入沿多个支撑辊向导出辊组延伸而出,浸轧槽底壁上方设有提升胚布浸轧效果的助浸组件,助浸组件包括自浸轧槽底部向其内壁中心插入的固定轴,固定轴顶部套设有置于浸轧槽底壁上方的旋转座,旋转座底部同轴连接有置于浸轧槽底部的旋转齿轮,旋转齿轮套设于固定轴表面,旋转齿轮表面啮合有从动齿轮,从动齿轮经第二微型电机驱动,旋转座前端表面经连接轴连接有与旋转座以固定夹角设置的定位片,定位片另一端转动连接有调节片,调节片另一端转动连接有旋转片,旋转片另一端与旋转座末端转动连接,旋转座末端底部连接有搅拌桨,搅拌桨与旋转片同轴连接,所述浸轧槽一侧架设有补液槽,补液槽底部设有可与其接通的插接组件,插接组件包括架设于浸轧槽表面的固定块,固定块表面开设有弧形引流槽,引流槽内滑动连接有滑动块,滑动块表面设有插入补液槽底部的插管,滑动块侧部连接有控制其沿引流槽滑动的控制杆,控制杆前端经螺栓连接有斜杆,后端与固定块相铰接,斜杆末端连接有调节杆,调节杆前端经连接耳与伸缩气缸相连接,中部与固定块表面相连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述低熔点超短涤纶纤维制备反渗透RO膜的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(5)定型装置内填充有整理液,按重量份计整理液由以下组分组成:8~10份聚乙烯、30~40份丙烯酸乙酯、5~10份过氧化锌、8~10份抗菌剂以及3~6份乙酸乙烯。
3.根据权利要求1所述低熔点超短涤纶纤维制备反渗透RO膜的方法,其特征在于:所述支撑辊设置于所述升降架表面,并成三角状均匀分布。
4.根据权利要求1所述低熔点超短涤纶纤维制备反渗透RO膜的方法,其特征在于:所述导入辊组包括上下压合的上导入辊和下导入辊,所述导出辊组包括上下压合的上导出辊和下导出辊。
5.根据权利要求1所述低熔点超短涤纶纤维制备反渗透RO膜的方法,其特征在于:所述连接耳呈竖直状连接伸缩气缸和调节杆。
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