CN114859614B - 一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件 - Google Patents
一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件 Download PDFInfo
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- DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);iron(3+);octadecacyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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Abstract
一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件,它涉及一种电致变色器件。本发明的目的是要解决现有电致变色智能窗大多只能对太阳光中的可见光(VIS)波段进行光学调制,不具备对其近红外波段(NIR)热量的调控能力以及光学调制范围小、稳定性差及液态电解液易漏液的问题。一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件由两块ITO导电玻璃、两层电致变色储能层、一层电解液层和一层离子储存层组成。本发明得到了响应速度快、光热调控能力强、光学调制范围大、循环寿命长及不漏液的双波段电致变色器件。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电致变色器件。
背景技术
电致变色智能窗作为一种新型节能玻璃,通过将电致变色材料与玻璃结合,利用材料的电致变色性能实现人工动态调节入射太阳光强度,从而有效降低建筑物在取暖、降温和照明等方面的能耗。现有的电致变色智能窗大多只能对太阳光中的可见光(VIS)波段进行光学调制,不具备对其近红外波段(NIR)热量的调控能力。且存在光学调制范围小、稳定性差及液态电解液易漏液的问题。而双波段电致变色智能窗可对可见光和近红外能量进行独立调控,与传统的单波段电致变色智能窗相比,可以有效减少建筑物对照明、供暖、通风和空调的能源需求,是一种新型的电致变色智能窗。双波段电致变色智能窗的发展很大程度上取决于电致变色材料的可用性,因此双波段电致变色材料的选择、设计和优化是实现双波段电致变色智能窗的关键。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要解决现有电致变色智能窗大多只能对太阳光中的可见光(VIS)波段进行光学调制,不具备对其近红外波段(NIR)热量的调控能力以及光学调制范围小、稳定性差及液态电解液易漏液的问题,而提供一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件。
一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件由两块ITO导电玻璃、两层电致变色储能层、一层电解液层和一层离子储存层组成;
组装方式为:自下而上依次是ITO导电玻璃、电致变色储能层、电解液层、离子存储层、电致变色储能层、ITO导电玻璃,其中,离子储存层嵌入到电解液层中;器件使用封装树脂封装;
所述的电致变色储能层为PB薄膜;
所述的离子储存层为Zn片。
本发明的优点:
一、普鲁士蓝(PB)为开放的立方结构材料,这开放骨架结构类似于类钙钛矿型(ABO3)结构,具有较大的间隙A位点由主体的金属离子和氰基配体组成的配位化合物,其金属化学成分的灵活可调的特性,被广泛的应用于电致变色器件;其中PB在酸性电解液中具有超高的光学及电化学稳定性为电致变色器件的设计制备提供了新的可能性;但其双波段特性却鲜有人进行探索,因此以PB电致变色层,商业锌片作为离子存储层,KCl-PVA凝胶电解质作为电解质层,组装成“三明治”结构的双波段电致变色器件,这对双波段电致变色器件的实际应用,具有重要的意义。
二、本发明通过以高性能PB薄膜为电致变色储能层、商业锌片为离子储能存层、KCl-PVA为电解质层,整体封装,形成具有“三明治”结构,得到了响应速度快、光热调控能力强、光学调制范围大、循环寿命长及不漏液的双波段电致变色器件;对器件进行电化学测试获得大的光学调制范围在650nm处为76.71%,900nm处为56.14%,快的响应速度在650nm处的着色时间tc=1.6s,褪色时间tb=1.3s,在900nm处的着色时间tc=1.6s,褪色时间tb=1.6s和较好的稳定性。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件的结构示意图;
图2为实施例1中一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件的光调制范围以及褪色态及着色态的透过率及对应的照片;
图3为实施例1中一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件的计时电流曲线图以及在650nm和900nm处的响应时间,上图为650nm,下图为900nm;
图4为实施例1中一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件在阶跃电压(0.3-2.4V)500圈循环,光学透过率(λ=650nm)的稳定性测试图;
图5为实施例1中一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件在阶跃电压(0.3-2.4V)500圈循环前后的透过光谱图,图中1为循环前的着色态,2为循环前的褪色态,3为循环500圈的着色态,4为循环500圈的褪色态。
具体实施方式
以下实施例进一步说明本发明的内容,但不应理解为对本发明的限制。在不背离本发明实质的情况下,对本发明方法、步骤或条件所作的修改和替换,均属于本发明的范围。
具体实施方式一:本实施方式一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件由两块ITO导电玻璃、两层电致变色储能层、一层电解液层和一层离子储存层组成;
组装方式为:自下而上依次是ITO导电玻璃、电致变色储能层、电解液层、离子存储层、电致变色储能层、ITO导电玻璃,其中,离子储存层嵌入到电解液层中;器件使用封装树脂封装;
所述的电致变色储能层为PB薄膜;
所述的离子储存层为Zn片。
所述的ITO导电玻璃包含玻璃层和ITO层。
具体实施方式二:本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同点是:所述的封装树脂为环氧树脂。其它步骤与具体实施方式一相同。
具体实施方式三:本实施方式与具体实施方式一或二之一不同点是:所述的PB薄膜的制备方法是按以下步骤完成的:
一、制备普鲁士蓝溶液:
将氯化钾、无水氯化铁和铁氰化钾加入到去离子水中,超声分散,得到普鲁士蓝溶液;
二、制备前驱体溶液:
室温下,将普鲁士蓝溶液进行搅拌20h~25h,得到前驱体溶液;
三、在三电极体系下,以前驱体溶液为电镀液,以透明导电基底为工作电极,以Ag/AgCl为参比电极,以铂片为对电极,在电流密度为20μA~30μA下阴极恒电流法电沉积500s~800s,得到PB薄膜。其它步骤与具体实施方式一或二相同。
具体实施方式四:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至三之一不同点是:步骤一中所述的氯化钾的质量与去离子水的体积比为(0.8g~1.0g):25mL;步骤一中所述的无水氯化铁的质量与去离子水的体积比为(0.04g~0.07g):25mL。其它步骤与具体实施方式一至三相同。
具体实施方式五:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至四之一不同点是:步骤一中所述的铁氰化钾的质量与去离子水的体积比为(0.07~0.1g):25mL;步骤一中所述的超声分散的功率为100W~300W,超声分散的时间为10min~15min。其它步骤与具体实施方式一至四相同。
具体实施方式六:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至五之一不同点是:步骤二中所述的搅拌的速度为100r/min~1200r/min。其它步骤与具体实施方式一至五相同。
具体实施方式七:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至六之一不同点是:步骤二中所述的干燥的温度为60℃~80℃,干燥的时间为10h~15h。其它步骤与具体实施方式一至六相同。
具体实施方式八:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至七之一不同点是:所述的电解液层为氢氧化钾-聚乙烯醇,制备方法如下:将聚乙烯醇加入到去离子水中,再搅拌加热至90℃~100℃,直至聚乙烯醇完全溶解,得到聚乙烯醇溶液;向聚乙烯醇溶液中滴加KOH溶液,再在温度为90℃~100℃下搅拌反应,冷却至室温,得到氢氧化钾-聚乙烯醇电解质层;所述的聚乙烯醇的质量与去离子水的体积比为(6g~8g):(40mL~50mL);所述的KOH溶液的浓度为3mol/L~4mol/L;所述的KOH溶液与去离子水的体积比为(20~30):(40~50);所述的搅拌反应的时间为2h~3h。其它步骤与具体实施方式一至七相同。
具体实施方式九:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至八之一不同点是:所述的两块ITO导电玻璃的厚度均为200nm~220nm;所述的两层电致变色储能层的厚度均为290nm~310nm;所述的电解液层的厚度为2mm;所述的离子储存层的厚度为0.05mm。其它步骤与具体实施方式一至八相同。
具体实施方式十:本实施方式与具体实施方式一至九之一不同点是:所述的两层PB薄膜的四周粘贴有上3M双面胶带。其它步骤与具体实施方式一至九相同。
采用以下实施例验证本发明的有益效果:
实施例1:一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件由两块ITO导电玻璃、两层电致变色储能层、一层电解液层和一层离子储存层组成;
组装方式为:自下而上依次是ITO导电玻璃、电致变色储能层、电解液层、离子存储层、电致变色储能层、ITO导电玻璃,其中,离子储存层嵌入到电解液层中;器件使用环氧树脂封装;
所述的电致变色储能层为PB薄膜;
所述的离子储存层为Zn片;
所述的PB薄膜的制备方法,是按以下步骤完成的:
一、制备普鲁士蓝溶液:
将氯化钾、无水氯化铁和铁氰化钾加入到去离子水中,超声分散,得到普鲁士蓝溶液;
步骤一中所述的氯化钾的质量与去离子水的体积比为0.931g:25mL;
步骤一中所述的无水氯化铁的质量与去离子水的体积比为0.041g:25mL;
步骤一中所述的铁氰化钾的质量与去离子水的体积比为0.082g:25mL;
步骤一中所述的超声分散的功率为300W,超声分散的时间为10min;
二、制备前驱体溶液:
室温下,将普鲁士蓝溶液进行搅拌,得到前驱体溶液;
步骤二中所述的搅拌的速度为1000r/min;
步骤二中所述的搅拌的时间为20h;
三、在三电极体系下,以前驱体溶液为电镀液,以透明导电基底为工作电极,以Ag/AgCl为参比电极,以铂片为对电极,在电流密度为25μA下阴极恒电流法电沉积700s,再进行干燥,得到PB薄膜;
步骤三中所述的干燥的温度为80℃,干燥的时间为15h;
所述的电解液层为氢氧化钾-聚乙烯醇,制备方法如下:将聚乙烯醇加入到去离子水中,再搅拌加热至90℃,直至聚乙烯醇完全溶解,得到聚乙烯醇溶液;向聚乙烯醇溶液中滴加KOH溶液,再在温度为90℃下搅拌反应,冷却至室温,得到氢氧化钾-聚乙烯醇电解质层;所述的聚乙烯醇的质量与去离子水的体积比为8g:50mL;所述的KOH溶液的浓度为3mol/L;所述的KOH溶液与去离子水的体积比为20:40;所述的搅拌反应的时间为2h;
所述的两块ITO导电玻璃的厚度均为205nm;所述的两层电致变色储能层的厚度均为300nm;所述的电解液层的厚度为2mm;所述的离子储存层的厚度为0.05mm;
所述的两层PB薄膜的四周粘贴有上3M双面胶带。
图2为实施例1中一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件的光调制范围以及褪色态及着色态的透过率及对应的照片;
从图2可知:具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件在电压为0.3V时,能完全的褪色是完全透明的,可以允许可见光和近红外的热量透过,对应“亮和暖”模式;在2.4V能着色成深蓝色,几乎阻挡了可见光和近红外的热量,对应“黑和冷”模式。具有大的光学调制范围在650nm处为76.71%,900nm处为56.14%。
图3为实施例1中一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件的计时电流曲线图以及在650nm和900nm处的响应时间,上图为650nm,下图为900nm;
从图3可知:实施例1中一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件的阶跃电压为0.3V和2.4V,阶跃时间为10s,在可见区和近红外区具有快的响应速度;在650nm处的着色时间tc=1.6s,褪色时间tb=1.3s,在900nm处的着色时间tc=1.6s,褪色时间tb=1.6s。
图4为实施例1中一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件在阶跃电压(0.3-2.4V)500圈循环,光学透过率(λ=650nm)的稳定性测试图;
从图4可知:一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件具有好的循环稳定性,在500CA循环后,器件具有好的循环稳定性,光学透过几乎没有衰减。
图5为实施例1中一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件在阶跃电压(0.3-2.4V)500圈循环前后的透过光谱图,图中1为循环前的着色态,2为循环前的褪色态,3为循环500圈的着色态,4为循环500圈的褪色态。
从图5可知:一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件具有好的循环稳定性,在500CA循环后,器件在可见和红外区光学透过几乎没有衰减。
Claims (8)
1.一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件,其特征在于一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件由两块ITO导电玻璃、两层电致变色储能层、一层电解液层和一层离子储存层组成;
组装方式为:自下而上依次是ITO导电玻璃、电致变色储能层、电解液层、离子存储层、电致变色储能层、ITO导电玻璃,其中,离子储存层嵌入到电解液层中;器件使用封装树脂封装;所述的两块ITO导电玻璃的厚度均为200nm~220nm;所述的两层电致变色储能层的厚度均为290nm~310nm;所述的电解液层的厚度为2mm;所述的离子储存层的厚度为0.05mm;
所述的电致变色储能层为PB薄膜,制备方法是按以下步骤完成的:
一、制备普鲁士蓝溶液:
将氯化钾、无水氯化铁和铁氰化钾加入到去离子水中,超声分散,得到普鲁士蓝溶液;
二、制备前驱体溶液:
室温下,将普鲁士蓝溶液进行搅拌20h~25h,得到前驱体溶液;
三、在三电极体系下,以前驱体溶液为电镀液,以透明导电基底为工作电极,以Ag/AgCl为参比电极,以铂片为对电极,在电流密度为20μA~30μA下阴极恒电流法电沉积500s~800s,再进行干燥,得到PB薄膜;所述的离子储存层为Zn片。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件,其特征在于所述的封装树脂为环氧树脂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件,其特征在于步骤一中所述的氯化钾的质量与去离子水的体积比为(0.8g~1.0g):25mL;步骤一中所述的无水氯化铁的质量与去离子水的体积比为(0.04g~0.07g):25mL。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件,其特征在于步骤一中所述的铁氰化钾的质量与去离子水的体积比为(0.07~0.1g):25mL;步骤一中所述的超声分散的功率为100W~300W,超声分散的时间为10min~15min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件,其特征在于步骤二中所述的搅拌的速度为100r/min~1200r/min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件,其特征在于步骤三中所述的干燥的温度为60°C~80°C,干燥的时间为10h~15h。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件,其特征在于所述的电解液层为氢氧化钾-聚乙烯醇,制备方法如下:将聚乙烯醇加入到去离子水中,再搅拌加热至90℃~100℃,直至聚乙烯醇完全溶解,得到聚乙烯醇溶液;向聚乙烯醇溶液中滴加KOH溶液,再在温度为90℃~100℃下搅拌反应,冷却至室温,得到氢氧化钾-聚乙烯醇电解质层;所述的聚乙烯醇的质量与去离子水的体积比为(6g~8g):(40mL~50mL);所述的KOH溶液的浓度为3mol/L~4mol/L;所述的KOH溶液与去离子水的体积比为(20~30):(40~50);所述的搅拌反应的时间为2h~3h。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有光热调控功能的普鲁士蓝双波段电致变色器件,其特征在于所述的两层PB薄膜的四周粘贴有上3M双面胶带。
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