CN114838327A - 发光装置 - Google Patents
发光装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114838327A CN114838327A CN202111401493.6A CN202111401493A CN114838327A CN 114838327 A CN114838327 A CN 114838327A CN 202111401493 A CN202111401493 A CN 202111401493A CN 114838327 A CN114838327 A CN 114838327A
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- B60Q1/30—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating rear of vehicle, e.g. by means of reflecting surfaces
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Abstract
本发明公开一种发光装置,包括一发光件以及一光转换材料。光转换材料被设置为将部分发光件所发出的非可见光转换为一可见光,可见光用以指示发光件处于一工作状态,其中,可见光具有小于20%的、在200nm至380nm波长范围内所测量的光谱能量的比例。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发光装置,且特别是有关于一种用以同时发出非可见光及可见光的发光装置。
背景技术
一般在紫外光的应用上,因人眼无法看到紫外光,会发光件额外加装一蓝光LED,让使用者借由蓝光间接判定紫外光LED是否正常运作,但同时,亦增加耗电量、发热量以及蓝光LED的成本,有待进一步改善。
发明内容
本发明是有关于一种发光装置,可将部分非可见光(例如深紫外光)转换为可见光,可见光用以指示发光件处于一工作状态,进而减少蓝光LED的成本与耗电量。
根据本发明的一方面,提出一种发光装置,包括一发光件以及一光转换材料。发光件用以发出一非可见光。光转换材料被设置为将部分非可见光转换为一可见光,可见光用以指示发光件处于一工作状态。发光装置所发出的光,同时涵盖可见光与非可见光的波长波长范围;可见光波长范围的光谱能量为小于20%的、在200nm至380nm波长范围内所测量的光谱能量的比例。
根据本发明的一方面,提出一种非可见光的发光装置,包括一发光件,该发光件用以发出一第一光线;以及一光转换材料,环绕该发光件,该光转换材料具有一激发光谱部分该第一光线入射该光转换材料将部分该第一光线转换为一第二光线;其中,该第一光线为非可见光,该第二光线为一可见光,该第一光线的光谱强度至少为第二光线的光谱强度5倍以上。
为了对本发明的上述及其他方面有更佳的了解,下文特举实施例,并配合附图详细说明如下:
附图说明
图1A及图1B分别绘示依照本发明一实施例的发光装置的剖面图。
图2绘示依照本发明一实施例的发光装置的光谱能量及荧光体含量的比较图。
图3A绘示不同含量的蓝光荧光体的发光装置的非可见光与可见光的光谱能量及比值。
图3B绘示不同含量的绿光荧光体的发光装置的非可见光与可见光的光谱能量及比值。
图3C绘示不同含量的黄光荧光体的发光装置的非可见光与可见光的光谱能量及比值。
图3D绘示不同含量的红光荧光体的发光装置的非可见光与可见光的光谱能量及比值。
其中,附图标记:
100、100’ 发光装置
110 基板
112、114 接垫
120 发光件
121 载板
122 第一半导体层
123 第二半导体层
124 发光层
125 第一电极
126 第二电极
130 盖板
140 壳体
142 反射层
150 光转换材料
150a 第一部
150b 第二部
152 封装胶
154 荧光体
具体实施方式
以下提出实施例进行详细说明,实施例仅用以作为范例说明,并非用以限缩本发明欲保护的范围。
实施例一
图1A及图1B分别绘示依照本发明一实施例的发光装置100、100’的剖面图。本实施例的发光装置100、100’可应用于光固化、曝光显影、净水杀菌、医疗等多元用途中,光源例如为在200nm-380nm光波长范围内的峰值波长的紫外光(Deep UV)发光二极管,紫外光可激发荧光体154以产生波长例如介于380nm~780nm之间的可见光L,例如波长介于450nm~495nm之间的蓝光、波长介于495nm~570nm之间的绿光、波长介于570nm~590nm之间的黄光或波长介于620nm~740nm之间的红光,但本发明不以此为限。在图中,实线箭头表示可见光L,虚线箭头表示非可见光,且非可见光亦可由发光件120的正面(即载板侧)出光。
请参照图1A及图1B,发光装置100、100’包括一基板110、一发光件120、一盖板130、一壳体140以及一光转换材料150。基板110为印刷电路板、封装载板、陶瓷基板或铜箔基板等。发光件120设置于基板110上并以覆晶的方式与该基板110电性连接,发光件120用以发出一非可见光。非可见光例如为波长小于280nm的深紫外光。在一实施例中,发光件120所提供的非可见光光型为翼形(例如蝠翼形),其正向光的光谱能量小于其左右两侧的侧向光的光谱能量。
发光件120例如以金属有机化学气相沉积(Metal Organic Chemical VaporPhase Deposition,MOCVD)方式成长的磊晶层于一载板121上,载板121例如为蓝宝石(Sapphire)、氮化镓(GaN)、硅(Si)或碳化硅(SiC)基板,载板121的厚度例如为100~600微米。发光件120包括一载板121、一第一半导体层122、一第二半导体层123以及一发光层124。第一半导体层122例如为掺杂例如硅等不纯物的n型半导体层。第二半导体层123例如掺杂例如镁等不纯物的p型半导体层,使第一半导体层122与第二半导体层123具有不同的电性。发光层124与该第一半导体层122及该第二半导体层123相迭且位于该第一半导体层122及该第二半导体层123之间。发光层124例如为多重量子井结构(multi-quantum well,MQW),当发光层124的材料为氮化铝(AlN)、氮化镓铝(AlGaN)或氮化铟镓铝(AlGaInN)之类时,发光层124可发出波长小于280nm的深紫外光或其他波段的紫外光。然而,发光层124的材料的选择不限于此,亦可选择上述Ⅲ-Ⅴ族半导体以外的材料产生其他波段的非可见光。此外,发光层124可为不掺杂掺杂物、掺杂p型掺杂物或掺杂n型掺杂物的半导体。
第一电极125及第二电极126例如为铜或铝,而第一电极125与第一半导体层122之间的接触接口以及第二电极126与第二半导体层123之间的接触接口可包含金属或金属氧化物,例如银(Ag)、铝(Al)、金(Au)、钛(Ti)、铜(Cu)、铂(Pt)、镍(Ni)或铑(Rh)等金属或上述材料的合金;金属氧化物可为氧化铟锡(ITO)、氧化锌(ZnO)、氧化铟(InO)、氧化锡(SnO)、氧化铟锌(IZO)或氧化锌镓(GZO)或上述材料的组合。上述的第一电极125以及第二电极126与对向基板110的二接垫112、114电性连接,以使发光件120接收一外部电流而发光。
请参照图1A及图1B,盖板130覆盖于该发光件120上方,盖板130为透明材质,例如为石英基板、玻璃基板或塑料基板,以使发光件120的出射光可穿透盖板130。此外,壳体140设置于基板110与盖板130之间,且该发光件120位于壳体140所围成的一空间中,可防止水气或热气渗入因而不会影响发光件120的性能。壳体140可以是热固型树脂,并可经由切割棋盘状排列的壳体140而使具有多数个发光件120的基板110分为多个单一发光装置。或者,壳体140亦可为铜、铝或其他金属,放置或电铸多层堆叠形成于基板110上。或者,基板110及壳体140也可以是通过高温共烧陶瓷(High Temperature Co-FiredCeramic,HTCC)工艺或是低温共烧陶瓷(Low Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic,LTCC)工艺所一体成形的单件式构造,但本发明不受限于此。壳体140大致呈环状,并且壳体140的顶缘高于发光件120的顶面。
请参照图1A及图1B,在一实施例中,发光装置100、100’更包括一反射层142,用以增加发光件120的光谱能量。该反射层142可设置于该壳体140的内壁上及/或对向基板110的二接垫112、114上,以使壳体140所围成的空间内的光可经由反射层142反射而朝向出光面(即盖板130)。在一实施例中,反射层142的材质例如为金或银,其中金对于可见光的反射率(例如大于78%)大于对非可见光的反射率(例如小于38%),银对于可见光的反射率(例如大于88%)大于对非可见光的反射率(例如小于24%),请参见下表1。
除此之外,反射层142亦可为对特定波长的光具有高反射率的布拉格反射镜,布拉格反射镜由不同折射率的两种以上的材料交替堆叠,用以反射经由非可见光转换的特定波长的可见光,例如蓝光、绿光、黄光或红光等,以增加发光件120的光谱能量。
请参照图1A及图1B,光转换材料150设置于该发光件120周围的空间中,用以激发部分非可见光为一可见光。光转换材料150包含位于封装胶152内的荧光体154,光转换材料150中荧光体152的含量例如介于1%至35%之间。荧光体154可吸收深紫外光及近紫外光波段的光,常见的荧光体例如是铝酸盐的石榴石系列材料、硅酸盐系列材料、氮化物系列材料、磷酸盐系列材料、硫化物系列材料或钪酸盐等,例如(Sr,Ba)10(PO4)6Cl2:Eu;(Ba,Sr,Ca)2SiO4:Eu2+;Tb3Al5O12:Ce3+;(Sr,Ca)AlSiN3:Eu或其他化合物所构成的群组中之一,但本发明对此并不加以限制。封装胶152材料例如选自聚二甲基硅氧烷或氟素高分子。
在图1A中,光转换材料150的高度高于发光件120的发光层(MQW)124,低于载板121的顶部,以使光转换材料150覆盖于发光件120的周围及基板110的表面。更进一步的说,该发光件120位于壳体140所围成的一容置空间中。封装胶152内荧光体154可将一部分非可见光转换为可见光L。在图1A中,光转换材料150的第一部150a的顶面大致呈平坦形或微凹型。
或者,在图1B中,光转换材料150包含一第一部150a与一第二部150b,第一部150a环绕发光件120,第二部150b设置于发光件120顶面,且部分第一部150a的高度低于发光件120顶面。也就是说,部分光转换材料150的高度高于发光件120,部分光转换材料150的高度低于发光件120的高度,以使光转换材料150呈波状(W形)覆盖于发光件120的上方及基板110的周围表面。第一部150a与第二部150b的顶面呈皆曲面状,第一部150a的曲面为内凹状,且第一部150a顶面的曲率中心位于壳体140与基板110定义的容置空间之外,第一部150a的最高点位于光转换材料150与壳体140相接处,第一部150a的最低点位于发光件120的厚度25%至90%之间;第二部150b的曲面为外凸锥状,第二部150b的顶面相对低于壳体140的顶面,以避免贴上透光盖板130时压到第二部150b。换个角度来说,从壳体140高度方向且自壳体纵向剖面来看,所述光转换材料150剖面的顶缘大致呈W字形,并且上述W字形是由所述第二部150b的外表面及上述第一部150a的顶面所构成。另外,由于所述第一部150a是连接所述第二部150b的底部周缘,以使所述第一部150a顶面所呈现的曲面状能够被设计者依需求而加以调整其曲率。进一步地说,所述第一部150a顶面的曲率中心位于上述容置空间之外,并且所述第一部150a顶面的曲率中心较佳是位于发光件120的发光路径上,借以使由第一部150a顶面所发出的光线能够被聚集在所述壳体140之外,进而避免发光件120在壳体140内产生多个亮点。
由于本实施例的荧光体154可吸收一部分非可见光的光能,以产生波长例如介于380nm~780nm之间的可见光,因此,使用者经由可见光L确定发光件120是否处于一工作状态,不需在发光装置100中额外加装一蓝光发光二极管,以减少成本、发热量及耗电量。进一步的说,荧光体154的激发频谱需落在200-380nm之间,发射频谱需落在380-780nm之间。
在一实施例中,可见光波长范围的光谱能量可控制在小于非可见光波长范围(例如200-380nm)的光谱能量的0.5%至20%之间,可见光的光谱能量例如由光转换材料150中荧光体154的含量及反射层142的反射率来决定,当光转换材料150中荧光体154的含量增加及/或反射层142的反射率增加,可见光的光谱能量相对增加,反之则减少。光转换材料150中荧光体154的含量例如介于5%至30%之间,例如,蓝光荧光体的含量可介于5%至30%,绿光荧光体的含量可介于5%至25%,黄光荧光体的含量可介于5%至35%,红光荧光体的含量可介于2%至10%,但本发明不以此为限。
请参照图2,其绘示依照本发明一实施例的发光装置100、100’的光谱能量及荧光体含量的比较图。在图2中,光转换材料150型式可为如图1A所示的F型(包含水平或微凹型)或如图1B所示的W型,荧光体154含量可为0%、10%、20%或30%。例1为UVC芯片盖玻璃无封装胶无荧光体态样,例2为增加W型封装胶但无荧光体态样。比较实施例1与例2可知,适量荧光粉的添加,虽会稍微降低非可见光的能量强度,但同时提供可辨识的可见光,且整体光谱强度为例1的1.1倍;再者,比较实施例2与实施例1可知,在同样光转换材料含量下的F型与W型封装胶态样,W型可更有效地提供可见光光谱能量A,约为1.78倍。比较实施例1至实施例4与例1可知,当导入适量光转换材料的F型与W型封装胶,整体光光谱能量(可见光光谱能量A+非可见光光谱能量B)大于无光转换材料的例1;更进一步的说,随着光转换材料含量的增加,可见光光谱能量A也随之增加,非可见光光谱能量B随之下降,故荧光体154含量会有一个添加临界值,亦即每百分比荧光粉含量增加的可见光光谱能量A增加率(ΔA)的绝对值要大于等于每百分比荧光粉含量增加的非可见光光谱能量B下降率(ΔB)的绝对值,该临界值会受到荧光粉种类与粒径的影响,以本实施例用的荧光体为蓝色荧光粉为例,该临界值接近荧光粉浓度21-22%,可见光光谱能量A约为1.15mW,非可见光光谱能量B约为9.72mW,其对应的可见光光谱能量A增加率与非可见光光谱能量B下降率的比值(ΔA/ΔB)的绝对值接近1。因此,就整体光效考虑,若采用蓝光荧光体且紫外光强度接近10mW,须将蓝光荧光体的含量控制在介于30%以下,较佳是小于22%,也就是将可见光的光谱能量A与非可见光的光谱能量B的比值(A/B)控制在小于20%。
图3A绘示不同含量的蓝光荧光体的发光装置100的非可见光与可见光的光谱能量及比值。在图3A中,蓝光荧光体可吸收紫外光波段的光能而产生蓝光,蓝光荧光体分别为5%、10%、15%、20%,其对应的可见光(蓝光)的光谱能量A与非可见光的光谱能量B的比值(A/B)约为6.01%、6.85%、7.47%、8.83%。因此,就整体光效考虑,若采用蓝光荧光体,且紫外光强度接近5-6mW,须将蓝光荧光体的含量控制在介于20%以下,较佳是不大于15%,也就是将可见光的光谱能量A与非可见光的光谱能量B的比值(A/B)控制在小于10%。换句话说,紫外光的光谱能量至少为蓝光的光谱能量10倍以上,较佳是15倍以上。然,就人眼视觉考虑,就蓝光来说,期其光谱能量最少要大于0.3mW以上,故须将蓝光荧光体的含量控制在3%以上,较佳是大于等于5%,才为可见。
图3B绘示不同含量的绿光荧光体的发光装置100的非可见光与可见光的光谱能量及比值。在图3B中,绿光荧光体可吸收紫外光波段的光能而产生绿光,绿光荧光体分别为5%、10%、15%、20%,其对应的可见光(绿光)的光谱能量A与非可见光的光谱能量B的比值(A/B)约为2.79%、4.13%、5.66%、6.65%。因此,若采用绿光荧光体,可根据荧光体含量将可见光的光谱能量A与非可见光的光谱能量B的比值(A/B)控制在小于6%左右。换句话说,紫外光的光谱能量至少为绿光的光谱能量15倍以上,较佳是20倍以上。较佳地,绿光荧光体的含量介于5%至25%之间。
图3C绘示不同含量的黄光荧光体的发光装置100的非可见光与可见光的光谱能量及比值。在图3C中,黄光荧光体可吸收紫外光波段的光能而产生黄光,黄光荧光体分别为5%、10%、15%、20%,其对应的可见光(黄光)的光谱能量A与非可见光的光谱能量B的比值(A/B)约为0.51%、2.45%、5.05%、6.44%。因此,在本实施例中,若采用黄光荧光体,可根据荧光体含量将可见光的光谱能量A与非可见光的光谱能量B的比值(A/B)控制在小于7%左右。换句话说,紫外光的光谱能量至少为黄光的光谱能量15倍以上,较佳是35倍以上。较佳地,黄光荧光体的含量介于5%至35%之间。
图3D绘示不同含量的红光荧光体的发光装置100的非可见光与可见光的光谱能量及比值。在图3D中,红光荧光体可吸收紫外光波段的光能而产生红光,红光荧光体分别为0.5%、3%、5%、7%,其对应的可见光(红光)的光谱能量A与非可见光的光谱能量B的比值(A/B)约为0.92%、2.97%、4.70%、5.80%。因此,在本实施例中,若采用红光荧光体,可根据荧光体含量将可见光的光谱能量A与非可见光的光谱能量B的比值(A/B)控制在小于6%左右。换句话说,紫外光的光谱能量至少为红光的光谱能量15倍以上,较佳是30倍以上。较佳地,红光荧光体的含量介于1.5%至10%之间。
由上述的说明可知,本实施例的发光装置,利用预定含量的荧光体吸收光能,可将部分非可见光(例如深紫外光)转换为可见光,其余部分的非可见光及少量的可见光可经由出光面射出,可见光可用以指示发光件处于一工作状态,进而减少发光二极管的成本、发热量及耗电量。此外,本实施例的发光装置,利用反射层反射特定波长的光线,避免光损耗,进而增加发光件的光谱能量。相对于传统的发光装置,本实施例的发光装置能提高光利用率,并且实用性佳。
综上所述,虽然本发明已以实施例揭露如上,然其并非用以限定本发明。本发明所属技术领域中的技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,当可作各种的更动与润饰。因此,本发明的保护范围当视后附的权利要求所界定者为准。
当然,本发明还可有其它多种实施例,在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下,熟悉本领域的技术人员可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形,但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。
Claims (15)
1.一种发光装置,其特征在于,该发光装置包括:
一发光件,该发光件用以发出一非可见光;
一光转换材料,被设置为将部分该非可见光转换为一可见光,该可见光用以指示该发光件处于一工作状态,
其中,该发光装置所发出的光,同时涵盖可见光与非可见光的波长范围;该可见光波长范围的光谱能量为小于20%的、在200nm至380nm波长范围内所测量的光谱能量。
2.如权利要求1所述的发光装置,其特征在于,该光转换材料中荧光体的含量介于1.5%至35%之间,可见光波长范围的光谱能量为非可见光波长范围的光谱能量的0.5%至20%之间。
3.如权利要求2所述的发光装置,其特征在于,该光转换材料包含一荧光体,当该荧光体为蓝光荧光体时,该荧光体含量介于5%至30%之间;当该荧光体为绿光荧光体时,该荧光体含量介于5%至25%之间;当荧光体为黄光荧光体时,该荧光体的含量介于5%至35%之间。当荧光体为红光荧光体时,该荧光体的含量介于1.5%至10%之间。
4.如权利要求1所述的发光装置,其特征在于,该光转换材料选自由(Sr,Ba)10(PO4)6Cl2:Eu;(Ba,Sr,Ca)2SiO4:Eu2+;Tb3Al5O12:Ce3+;(Sr,Ca)AlSiN3:Eu所组成的群组中的至少一的化合物。
5.如权利要求2所述的发光装置,其特征在于,该光转换材料更包含一封装胶,该封装胶材料选自聚二甲基硅氧烷或氟素高分子。
6.如权利要求1所述的发光装置,其特征在于,该发光装置更包括一基板、一盖板、一壳体以及一反射层,该盖板覆盖于该发光件上方,该壳体设置于该基板与该盖板之间,该反射层设置于该壳体的内壁上,该反射层对该可见光的反射率大于或等于对该非可见光的反射率。
7.如权利要求6所述的发光装置,其特征在于,该反射层的材质为银或金,或该反射层为布拉格反射镜。
8.如权利要求1所述的发光装置,其特征在于,该发光件所提供的非可见光光型为蝠翼形。
9.如权利要求1-8其中之一所述的发光装置,其特征在于,该光转换材料环绕该发光件。
10.如权利要求9所述的发光装置,其特征在于,该发光件具有依序设置的一载板、一第一半导体层、一发光层以及一第二半导体层,该光转换材料高度高于该发光层,低于该载板的顶部。
11.如权利要求9所述的发光装置,其特征在于,该光转换材料包含一第一部与一第二部,该第一部环绕该发光件,该第二部设置于该发光件顶面,且部分该第一部的高度低于该发光件顶面。
12.一种非可见光的发光装置,其特征在于,该非可见光的发光装置包括:
一发光件,该发光件用以发出一第一光线;以及
一光转换材料,环绕该发光件,并具有一激发光谱,部分该第一光线入射该光转换材料,该光转换材料将部分该第一光线转换为一第二光线;
其中,该第一光线为非可见光,该第二光线为一可见光,该第一光线的光谱强度至少为第二光线的光谱强度5倍以上。
13.如权利要求12所述的非可见光发光装置,其特征在于,该光转换材料包含一荧光体和一封装胶,该荧光体激发频谱需落在200-380nm之间,发射频谱需落在380-780nm之间;其中该光转换材料中该荧光体的含量介于1.5%至35%之间。
14.如权利要求12或13所述的非可见光发光装置,其特征在于,该发光装置更包括一基板和一壳体,该壳体与该基板定义出一容置空间,用以容纳该发光件与该光转换材料。
15.如权利要求14所述的非可见光发光装置,其特征在于,该光转换材料包含一第一部与一第二部,该第一部环绕该发光件,该第二部设置于该发光件顶面,且该第二部的顶面呈曲面状,并且该第二部的该顶面的曲率中心位于该容置空间之外,该第一部的最高点位于该光转换材料与该壳体相接处,该第一部的最低点位于该发光件的厚度25%至90%之间。
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