CN114805559A - 全人源抗新冠病毒受体结合域单链抗体No4及其应用 - Google Patents
全人源抗新冠病毒受体结合域单链抗体No4及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供全人源抗新冠病毒受体结合域单链抗体No4及其应用。本发明的全人源单链抗体No4结构简单,是抗体重链可变区VH和轻链可变区VL由连接肽(GGGGS)3连接而成,且含有完整抗原结合部位;可以通过原核表达系统制备,纯度高且成本低;具有较高的抗原亲和力,达到纳摩尔级别(1.61nM);且可以与表达新型冠状病毒刺突蛋白的细胞株以较高的亲和力结合。总之,本发明提供的抗新型冠状病毒SARS‑CoV‑2受体结合域RBD的单链抗体No4是一种良好材料,可在制备靶向治疗新型冠状病毒SARS‑CoV‑2的药物或检测试剂中的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于基因与抗体工程,涉及人源抗新冠病毒受体结合域单链抗体No4及其应用。全人源抗新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2受体结合域(receptor binding domain,RBD)单链抗体No4的筛选,鉴定和原核表达、亲和力测定以及细胞结合活性分析,奠定了其在新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2靶向治疗药物及检测试剂开发中的应用。
背景技术
美国密苏里大学的George P.Smith于1985年首次成功地在丝状噬菌体(Filamentous bacteriophage)的基因组中插入了外源目的基因,并且在噬菌体的表面融合表达了目的基因编码的多肽,这就是噬菌体展示技术的起源。噬菌体展示技术自被发明以来,在生命科学领域中取得重要突破。例如作为噬菌体展示技术成功的案例之一的全人源化的抗肿瘤坏死因子单克隆抗体——阿达木单抗(Adalimumab)目前已广泛应用于治疗类风湿性关节炎和炎症性肠病等自身免疫性疾病。鉴于噬菌体展示技术在生物制药领域的重要作用及意义,2018年的诺贝尔化学奖被授予了George P.Smith、美国加州理工学院的Frances H.Arnold以及英国剑桥 MRC分子生物学实验室的Gregory P.Winter,以表彰他们在“肽类和抗体的噬菌体展示技术”作出的杰出贡献。
噬菌体抗体库筛选技术的原理是通过噬菌体展示技术将抗体可变区基因片段插入在噬菌粒质粒的信号肽与衣壳蛋白基因间,从而可以实现将抗体可变区片段与噬菌体衣壳蛋白以融合蛋白的形式呈现在噬菌体的表面,进而构建出噬菌体单链抗体库,然后使用目标抗原在此库中进行几轮亲和淘筛便可以得到特异性结合抗原并表达有高亲和力抗体片段的噬菌体。利用目的抗原为靶标在以从人源的免疫细胞中获得的人抗体可变区基因片段建立噬菌体抗体库中经过几轮筛选便可获得针对该抗原的抗体片段及其基因序列,最后通过哺乳动物表达系统可获得靶向目标抗原的特异性全人源抗体。该技术模拟了自然选择的过程,可在短时间内实现对靶分子特异性受体的高通量筛选,极大地提高了筛选的效率。
单链抗体scFv可在多个表达系统中进行表达,目前比较常用的,是大肠杆菌表达系统和哺乳动物表达系统。单链抗体具有结构简单、相对分子量小、穿透性强、免疫源性低等优点,在疾病临床诊断、治疗、预防等方面具有重要作用和广阔的应用前景。构建全人源抗体库的目的是寻找一种能与新型冠状病毒结构蛋白-受体结合域RBD特异性结合的单链抗体 scFv,这类特异识别新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2受体结合域RBD的单链抗体本身或者其可变区序列,经过基因工程改造成其它的抗体形式后,可以作为临床前研究或者临床中新型冠状病毒患者治疗药物的研究;其次可以作为新型冠状病毒相关检测试剂的开发。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一是提供一种全人源抗新冠病毒受体结合域单链抗体No4,是一种基因重组的全人源抗新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2受体结合域RBD单链抗体No4,是从已构建的全人源白血病噬菌体单链抗体库中筛选出能够特异结合于新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2受体结合域RBD的单链抗体。
所述全人源抗RBD单链抗体No4的DNA序列如SEQ ID No.1所示: AGGTCCAGCTGCAGGAATCCGGGGGGAGCTTTAGTTCAGCCTGGGGGGTCCCTAAGAC TCTCCTGTGAAACCTCTGGATTCACCTTCAGTAGGTACTGGATGAACTGGTTCCGCCAA GCTCCAGGGAAGGGGCTGGTGTGGGTCTCGCACATTAGTAATAATGGCAGAGTCACAGG GTACGCGGACTCCGTGAAGGGCCGATTCACCATCTCCAGAGACAACGCCAAGAACATTT TGTATCTGCAGATGAGCGGTCTGAGAGCCGAGGACACGTCTCTATATTACTGTGCAAGA GTTCATAATGCGTTTTGTAATAGCGTCAGCTGCGTGGATGCTTTTGATGTGTGGGGCCAG GGGACCACGGTCACCGTCTCCTCAGGAGGAGGAGGTTCTGGCGGCGGCGGCTCCGGTG GTGGTGGATCCGATATTGTGATGACCCAGACTCCATCCTCCCTGTCTGCATCTGTAGGAG ACAGAGTCACCATCACTTGCCGGGCAAGTCAGAGGATTAACAGCCTTTTAAATTGGTAT CAGCACAAACCAGGGAAACCCCCTAAGCTCCTTATCTATGGTGCATCCACTTTGCAAAG TGGGGTCCCATCAAGATTCAGCGGCAGTGAATCTGGGGCAGATTTCACTCTCACCATCA GCAGCCTGCAGCCTGAAGATGTTGGAACTTATTACTGTCAAAAGTATAATAGTGCCCCTC ACACCTTCGGCCAAGGGACACGACTGGAGATTAAA。
所述全人源抗RBD单链抗体No4的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.2所示: RSSCRNPGGALVQPGGSLRLSCETSGFTFSRYWMNWFRQAPGKGLVWVSHISNNGRVTGY ADSVKGRFTISRDNAKNILYLQMSGLRAEDTSLYYCARVHNAFCNSVSCVDAFDVWGQGT TVTVSSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGSDIVMTQTPSSLSASVGDRVTITCRASQRINSLLNWYQHKP GKPPKLLIYGASTLQSGVPSRFSGSESGADFTLTISSLQPEDVGTYYCQKYNSAPHTFGQGT RLEIK。
该全人源抗新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2受体结合域(RBD)单链抗体No4含有完整的抗体重链可变区VH和轻链可变区VL,其重链可变区VH CDR1的氨基酸序列为: GFTFSRYW,重链可变区VH CDR2的氨基酸序列为:ISNNGRVT,重链可变区VH CDR3 的氨基酸序列为:ARVHNAFCNSVSCVDAFDV;其轻链可变区VL CDR1的氨基酸序列为: QRINSL,轻链可变区VLCDR2的氨基酸序列为:GAS,轻链可变区VL CDR3的氨基酸序列为:QKYNSAPHT。
本发明的另一个目的是提供所述的全人源抗新冠病毒受体结合域单链抗体No4在制备新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2靶向治疗药物或检测试剂中的应用。所述药物或检测试剂包括单链抗体No4本身及其可变区序列。可变区序列包括重链可变区VH CDR1、CDR2、CDR3 的氨基酸序列,及轻链可变区VL CDR1、CDR2、CDR3的氨基酸序列。
进一步的,重链可变区VH CDR1的氨基酸序列为:GFTFSRYW(SEQ ID No.3),重链可变区VH CDR2的氨基酸序列为:ISNNGRVT(SEQ ID No.4),重链可变区VH CDR3 的氨基酸序列为:ARVHNAFCNSVSCVDAFDV(SEQ ID No.5);其轻链可变区VL CDR1的氨基酸序列为:QRINSL(SEQ ID No.6),轻链可变区VL CDR2的氨基酸序列为:GAS(SEQ ID No.7),轻链可变区VL CDR3的氨基酸序列为:QKYNSAPHT(SEQ ID No.8)。
本发明的优点是:(1)本发明的全人源单链抗体No4结构简单、相对分子量小,是抗体重链可变区VH和轻链可变区VL由连接肽(GGGGS)3连接而成,且含有完整抗原结合部位;(2)本发明的单链抗体可以通过原核表达系统制备,纯度高且成本低;(3)本发明的单链抗体具有较高的抗原亲和力,达到纳摩尔级别(1.61nM);(4)本发明的单链抗体可以与表达新型冠状病毒刺突蛋白的细胞株以较高的亲和力结合,奠定了其作为新型冠状病毒治疗性药物或者检测试剂研发的基础。
附图说明
图1是重组蛋白RBD的表达(图1A)、纯化(图1B)及鉴定(图1C)的SDS-PAGE 电泳图。
图2是噬菌体抗体库的富集筛选过程示意图。
图3是ELISA检测阳性噬菌体克隆与RBD抗原的结合活性。
图4是No4阳性株基因序列图谱,其中图4A为VH片段序列(包括linker),图4B 为VL片段序列图。
图5是抗RBD单链抗体No4表达(图5A)、纯化(图5B)及鉴定(图5C)的SDS-PAGE 电泳图。
图6是抗RBD单链抗体No4与RBD抗原的亲和力测定曲线。
图7是流式细胞术检测抗RBD单链抗体No4与稳定表达新型冠状病毒刺突蛋白Spike 的细胞株结合活性。
具体实施方式
本发明结合以下实施例及附图作进一步说明。
实施例1:重组蛋白RBD的表达、纯化及鉴定
实验方法:蛋白表达:将实验室构建成功的pET-28a(+)/RBD重组质粒转入到表达菌Ecoli. Rosetta中,将菌株活化后接种于200ml LB液体培养基的1L的锥形瓶中并加入200μL Kana (浓度为50μg/ml),37℃,220rpm震荡培养2~3h至OD值为0.6,加入200μL IPTG(浓度为1mM),继续震荡培养6~8h。5000rpm,4℃离心10mins,弃去上清,沉淀用20ml PBS重悬,超声破碎30mins(工作3s,间歇3s)后12,000rpm,4℃离心10mins,分离上清,沉淀用2ml的8M尿素重悬,将收集的各个组分进行SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳检测。蛋白纯化:细菌沉淀超声破碎后,离心所得沉淀用0.1%Triton-100洗涤3次,ddH20洗涤2次,12,000 rpm,离心10mins。最后使用8M尿素溶解沉淀并离心分离上清,将变性后的悬液加入平衡过夜的镍柱中进行结合。先用8M尿素溶液洗涤镍柱,再分别依次加入10ml 20mM,50mM, 100mM,150mM,200mM,250mM,400mM咪唑洗脱目的蛋白。将以上洗脱液取样进行 SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳检测目的蛋白的纯化情况。蛋白复性:将SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳检测的纯度较高的蛋白洗脱液装入透析袋中,先于8M、4M、2M尿素溶液中透析2h,后于1x NTA 溶液中(添加2%精氨酸,5%蔗糖和5%的甘油)透析2h,于PBS溶液中(添加2%精氨酸,5%蔗糖和5%的甘油)透析2h,最后于PBS溶液中透析2h;使用PEG 20000进行浓缩蛋白后,再经0.22μm微孔滤膜过滤除菌后进行SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳检测,-20℃保存。
实验结果:经37℃,1mM IPTG诱导表达6h,离心收集细菌,经超声破碎细菌后,发现蛋白主要富集于沉淀中,表明RBD蛋白在表达菌Ecoli.Rosetta中以不可溶的包涵体形式存在(图1A)。将包涵体蛋白纯化后,电泳结果表明RBD重组蛋白主要被50mM、100mM、 150mM和200mM的咪唑溶液洗脱富集(图1B)。纯化后重组蛋白RBD经梯度透析复性后,复性后蛋白电泳结果见图1C。
结果说明:经过RBD蛋白的表达,纯化及鉴定,SDS-PAGE结果显示出与预期分子量相符的单一的目的蛋白条带,表明我们已经获得纯度较高的RBD重组蛋白。
实施例2:噬菌体抗体库的富集筛选
实验方法:以本实验室表达纯化所得RBD重组蛋白为靶标,在本实验室建立的全人源白血病抗体库中进行3~4轮亲和淘筛。向2ml离心管中加入200μL Ni-NTA树脂以及500μgRBD重组蛋白,4℃孵育过夜。次日,3%BSA封闭液封闭1h后加入噬菌体抗体库,37℃孵育2h。TBST洗涤若干次(第一轮5次,第二轮10次,第三、四轮15次)。使用甘氨酸-盐酸(pH 2.2)洗脱并收集噬菌体,并用Tris-HCl中和至pH 7.0,侵染对数期E.coli TG1,37℃静置30min,取10μl测滴度。其余中和液转至20ml 2×YT-A-G,37℃振摇培养至OD为0.6,加入辅助噬菌体,37℃振摇1h,离心,用200ml新鲜2x YT-AK液体培养基重悬沉淀,30℃振摇过夜,次日,收集噬菌体。每轮筛选吸取20μL以测定滴度。最后一轮噬菌体筛选结束后,取10μL噬菌体中和液进行梯度稀释,侵染对数生长期的TG1菌液,涂布于2x YT-A固体平板上;次日,从不同的平板上累计挑取100个单克隆,分别接种于3ml 2x YT-A液体培养基中过夜培养,提取质粒并标记清楚;将质粒送由上海生工测序分析(测序时需填写 pCANTAB-5E载体,700bp大小,噬菌体质粒,-96III通用引物)。图2为步骤说明图。
实验结果:以纯化的RBD重组蛋白作为靶标,固定于Ni-NTA树脂固相载体上,加入已活化的全人源化噬菌体单链抗体库(实验室之前建立),进行了4轮“吸附、洗脱、扩增”亲和淘筛。通过计算每轮固相亲和淘筛输出的噬菌体与输入噬菌体的总量的比值确定每轮噬菌体筛选的得率(Yield),表明噬菌体的回收率不断增加,结果见表1。
表1、噬菌体抗体库的富集筛选结果
结果说明:经四轮亲和淘筛后,靶向并结合RBD重组蛋白的噬菌体的得率(4.10x10-3)是第一轮筛选得率(4.80x 10-5)的85倍,表明与靶抗原特异结合的噬菌体已经得到有效富集。
实施例3:ELISA检测阳性噬菌体克隆的抗原结合活性
实验方法:将测序后能通读的序列的噬菌体单克隆制备成单克隆重组噬菌体并分别测定滴度。用PBS包被抗原于4℃孵育过夜,次日用封闭液37℃封闭1h,用PBS稀释每一种噬菌体至1x 1011pfu/ml,每孔加入200μL稀释的噬菌体(三个重复),37℃孵育2h。弃去多余的噬菌体,拍尽残留液体,PBST洗涤3次。用PBST稀释HRP-M13抗体,每孔加入200μL, 37℃孵育1h。弃去多余二抗后,经过洗涤,显色,终止后,于酶标仪上450nm处测定各孔的吸光值。
实验结果:以重组RBD蛋白作为包被抗原,加入等量的噬菌体孵育,通过ELISA 分析发现,与对照组相比,所有噬菌体克隆均可以与RBD抗原结合,其中,No4具有较高的亲和力(图3A)。并且,这种结合呈现出浓度依赖性,随着RBD抗原铺板浓度的增加,OD450 的值也逐渐增加(图3B)。
结果说明:筛选到的10株噬菌体中,经过ELISA验证其抗原结合活性发现No4噬菌体单克隆具有显著结合RBD抗原的单链抗体活性。
实施例4:阳性噬菌体株展示的单链抗体的基因序列分析
实验方法:将测序所得的编码No4阳性噬菌体株展示单链抗体的DNA序列,输入VBASE2数据库(http://www.vbase2.org/),分析获得单链抗体结构分析图。
实验结果:分析结果见图4,其中图4A为VH片段序列(包括linker)、图4B为VL片段序列图,图中可见重链和轻链分别具有FR1、FR2、FR3、FR4、CDR1、CDR2和CDR3 结构域。
结果说明:该阳性噬菌体株展示的单链抗体scFv具有完整的抗原结合区,且具有正确的单链抗体结构。
实施例5:单链抗体的表达、纯化及鉴定
实验方法:通过基因工程技术将编码No4阳性噬菌体株展示单链抗体的DNA序列克隆到pET-30a(+)原核表达载体中。将构建成功的pET-30a(+)/anti-RBD No4重组表达质粒转到表达菌Ecoli.Rosetta中,经37℃,1mM IPTG诱导表达6h,并按照实施例1的实验方法进行抗RBD单链抗体No4的表达、纯化及鉴定。
实验结果:SDS-PAGE电泳检测重组单链抗体的表达:与诱导前对比发现诱导后的样本中在约27kDa处有明显条带,且大小与目的蛋白分子量相同,超声破碎后发现该蛋白主要富集于沉淀中,表明单链抗体在表达菌Ecoli.Rosetta中以不可溶的包涵体形式存在(图5A)。SDS-PAGE电泳结果显示该单链重组抗体纯化成功(图5B)。将纯化后的单链抗体经梯度透析复性后结果见图5C。
结果说明:经原核表达纯化所得的No4单链抗体与预期分子量相符且呈现出较高的纯度,表明该单链重组抗体的表达及纯化取得成功。
实施例6:单链抗体的抗原亲和力鉴定
实验方法:将纯化的抗RBD单链重组抗体送由杭州双天生物公司,用Fortebio分子相互作用仪上测定KD值(抗体及其抗原之间的平衡解离常数),即Kdis/Kon的比值。其中KD值与亲和力成反比,因此KD值越低,抗体的亲和力越高。
实验结果:图6显示了抗RBD单链抗体No4与RBD抗原的结合及解离曲线。亲和力测定结果显示其与抗原RBD的KD值达到了纳摩水平,为1.61nM(表2)。
表2、抗RBD单链抗体与RBD抗原的亲和力
结果说明:本发明所表达纯化的抗RBD单链重组抗体No4与RBD抗原具有较高的亲和力。
实施例7:流式细胞术检测单链抗体的细胞结合活性
实验方法:将实验室所购的pcDNA3.1-Spike-Myc哺乳动物表达质粒通过脂质体转染 HEK293A细胞株,通过G418筛选培养基培养以获得可以稳定地表达新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2Spike刺突蛋白的HEK293A-Spike细胞株。通过蛋白质免疫印迹(WB)验证所构建细胞的正确性,并通过流式细胞术检测抗RBD单链抗体No4的细胞结合活性。具体为:将贴壁细胞用胰酶消化后制备成单细胞悬液,孵育纯化所得的抗RBD单链抗体No4,继而孵育鼠抗 His-tag单克隆抗体,最后孵育APC标记的羊抗鼠荧光二抗,洗涤未结合的抗体后于流式细胞仪上依次检测收集数据。
实验结果:结果表明与阴性对照组(转染pcDNA3.1空质粒)相比,使用兔抗 SARS-CoV-2RBD的多克隆抗体(图7A)可检测到Spike刺突蛋白的表达。其次,流式细胞分析显示,与对照组相比,抗RBD单链抗体No4以较高的亲和力结合HEK293A-Spike细胞株(图7B)。
结果说明:本发明所获得的抗RBD单链抗体No4具有良好的细胞结合活性,在细胞水平上高效地结合表达新型冠状病毒SARA-CoV-2刺突蛋白Spike抗原的细胞株。
综上所述,我们通过原核表达系统成功地表达纯化了新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2受体结合域RBD抗原;然后从全人源抗体库中筛选得到了一种能特异与新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2 受体结合域RBD结合的单链抗体,经测序,DNA序列测定、ELISA分析和SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定证明其结构的正确性及完整性,并通过大肠杆菌表达系统获得纯度较高的重组单链抗体 No4,活性验证发现其与RBD抗原具有较高的亲和力,为1.61nM。该抗RBD单链抗体No4 具有良好的细胞结合活性,在细胞水平上高效地结合表达新型冠状病毒SARA-CoV-2刺突蛋白Spike抗原的细胞株。其较高的抗原亲和力以及细胞结合活性表明该单链抗体本身或者其可变区序列,经过基因工程改造成其它的抗体形式后,可以作为临床前研究或者临床中新型冠状病毒患者治疗药物的研究,也可以作为新型冠状病毒相关检测试剂的开发。
无需进一步详细阐述,相信采用前面所公开的内容,本领域技术人员可最大限度地应用本发明。因此,前面的优选具体实施方案应理解为仅是举例说明,而非以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
序列表
<110> 浙江大学
<120> 全人源抗新冠病毒受体结合域单链抗体No4及其应用
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aggtccagct gcaggaatcc ggggggagct ttagttcagc ctggggggtc cctaagactc 60
tcctgtgaaa cctctggatt caccttcagt aggtactgga tgaactggtt ccgccaagct 120
ccagggaagg ggctggtgtg ggtctcgcac attagtaata atggcagagt cacagggtac 180
gcggactccg tgaagggccg attcaccatc tccagagaca acgccaagaa cattttgtat 240
ctgcagatga gcggtctgag agccgaggac acgtctctat attactgtgc aagagttcat 300
aatgcgtttt gtaatagcgt cagctgcgtg gatgcttttg atgtgtgggg ccaggggacc 360
acggtcaccg tctcctcagg aggaggaggt tctggcggcg gcggctccgg tggtggtgga 420
tccgatattg tgatgaccca gactccatcc tccctgtctg catctgtagg agacagagtc 480
accatcactt gccgggcaag tcagaggatt aacagccttt taaattggta tcagcacaaa 540
ccagggaaac cccctaagct ccttatctat ggtgcatcca ctttgcaaag tggggtccca 600
tcaagattca gcggcagtga atctggggca gatttcactc tcaccatcag cagcctgcag 660
cctgaagatg ttggaactta ttactgtcaa aagtataata gtgcccctca caccttcggc 720
caagggacac gactggagat taaa 744
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Leu Gln Met Ser Gly Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ser Leu Tyr Tyr Cys
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Phe Asp Val Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Thr Val Thr Val Ser Ser Gly Gly
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Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser Gly Gly Gly Gly Ser Asp Ile Val
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Met Thr Gln Thr Pro Ser Ser Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Gly Asp Arg Val
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Thr Ile Thr Cys Arg Ala Ser Gln Arg Ile Asn Ser Leu Leu Asn Trp
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Tyr Gln His Lys Pro Gly Lys Pro Pro Lys Leu Leu Ile Tyr Gly Ala
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Claims (4)
1.一种全人源抗新冠病毒受体结合域单链抗体No4,其特征在于,所述全人源抗新型冠状病毒单链抗体No4的DNA序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。
2.权利要求1所述的全人源抗新冠病毒受体结合域单链抗体No4,其特征在于,所述全人源抗新型冠状病毒单链抗体No4的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.2所示。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种全人源抗新冠病毒受体结合域单链抗体No4,其特征在于,所述单链抗体No4含有完整的抗体重链可变区VH和轻链可变区VL,其重链可变区VHCDR1的氨基酸序列为:GFTFSRYW,重链可变区VH CDR2的氨基酸序列为:ISNNGRVT,重链可变区VH CDR3的氨基酸序列为:ARVHNAFCNSVSCVDAFDV;其轻链可变区VL CDR1的氨基酸序列为:QRINSL,轻链可变区VL CDR2的氨基酸序列为:GAS,轻链可变区VL CDR3的氨基酸序列为:QKYNSAPHT。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种全人源抗新冠病毒受体结合域单链抗体No4在制备新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2靶向治疗药物或检测试剂中的应用,其特征在于,所述药物或检测试剂包括单链抗体No4本身及其可变区序列,可变区序列包括重链可变区VH CDR1、CDR2、CDR3的氨基酸序列,及轻链可变区VL CDR1、CDR2、CDR3的氨基酸序列。
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