CN114805148B - 一种β-羰基硫醚类化合物的合成方法 - Google Patents
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C319/00—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides
- C07C319/14—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides of sulfides
- C07C319/18—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides of sulfides by addition of thiols to unsaturated compounds
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种合成β‑羰基硫醚类化合物的方法,是在有机溶剂中,以1,1‑二芳基烯丙醇和苯硫酚及衍生物为原料,在氧化剂作用下,于室温反应10‑30小时,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,柱层析分离,即得目标产物。本发明反应试剂价格低廉,条件温和,操作简便,环境污染小,反应速率快,后处理简单,产物收率高,纯度好,适合用于工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种β-羰基硫醚类化合物的合成方法,尤其涉及一种3,3-二芳基β-羰基硫醚类化合物的合成方法,属于化学合成技术领域。
背景技术
β-羰基硫醚是一类非常重要的有机化合物,许多含β-羰基硫醚结构的分子被证明在医药、材料、染料等领域具有重要的应用价值。
目前常用的β-羰基硫醚合成方法有亲核取代反应、亲电加成、重排反应或α-H键官能化反应等,国内外文献报道的合成β-羰基硫醚的具体实例如下:(1)碱催化二羰基化合物亚甲基和硫醇发生的SN2反应(Charest, M. G.; Siegel, D. R.; Myers, A. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc.2005, 127, 8292-8293)。(2)单质碘与过氧化物催化二羰基化合物亚甲基和二硫醚的反应(Devi, N.; Rahaman, R.;Sarma, K.; Barman, P. Eur. J. Org. Chem.2016, 2016, 384-388)。(3)金属催化重氮化合物与烯丙基硫醚的反应(Liao, M.; Wang,J. Green Chem. 2007, 9, 184-188)。(4)金属络合物催化苯亚磺酰氯与1,3-二羰基化合物的反应(Jereb, M.; Togni, A. Org. Lett.2005, 7, 4041-4043)。(5)硫酚与羰基化合物的亲电加成反应(Okragla, E.; Demkowicz, S.; Rachon J.; Witt D. Synthesis,2009, 1720-1724.)以上合成β-羰基硫醚的工艺中,有的方法需要使原料预官能团化,合成步骤繁琐且效率低;有些方法使用了贵金属催化剂,难以用简单方法合成或获取的反应底物;或使用了一些反应后难处理的溶剂,不仅增加了合成的成本,而且一些难处理的金属催化剂对环境造成很大的负面影响。这些缺点使得以上合成方法应用推广到工业生产中受到了很大的阻碍。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种低成本、时间简短、操作方便并且适用于工业化生产的β-羰基硫醚类化合物的合成方法。
本发明合成β-羰基硫醚类化合物的方法,是在有机溶剂中,以1,1-二芳基烯丙醇和苯硫酚及衍生物为原料,在氧化剂作用下,于室温下反应10-30小时,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,柱层析分离,即得目标产物。
所述1,1-二芳基烯丙醇的结构式为:
其中,Ar1为苯基、4-氟苯基、4-溴苯基;Ar2为苯基、4-氟苯基、4-溴苯基。
所述硫酚及衍生物的结构式为:
其中,R1为氢、烃基、烃氧基;
所述1,1-二芳基烯丙醇和硫酚及衍生物的摩尔比为1:1-1:3。
所述有机溶剂为乙腈、二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、丙酮、1,4-二氧六环、四氢呋喃或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
所述氧化剂为二乙酸碘苯、过硫酸钾、过硫酸铵、叔丁基过氧化氢、过氧化氢或过氧化苯甲酰;氧化剂的加入量为原料总摩尔量的1-5当量。
合成路线为:
反应无需金属作催化剂,以1,1-二芳基烯丙醇和硫酚及衍生物为原料,在氧化剂作用下芳基发生1,2-迁移,得到了β-羰基硫醚类化合物。
本发明相对现有技术具有以下优点:
1、反应所需试剂价格低廉,生产成本低;
2、反应条件温和,室温就可以进行,反应收率高;
3、反应无需过渡金属作催化剂,后处理简单,环境污染小。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实例对本发明合成β-羰基硫醚类化合物的方法进一步说明。
实施例1:1,2-二苯基-3-(对甲苯硫基)丙-1-酮的合成
在25 mL圆底烧瓶中加入1,1-二苯基烯丙醇(0.2 mmol),PhI(OAc)2(0.4 mmol),对甲苯硫酚(0.4 mmol),乙腈(2 mL),然后抽真空,充入氩气,来回置换3次,加入乙腈,在室温下反应24小时,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,柱层析分离(硅胶:200-300目,洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯/石油醚),得到无色油状液体纯产品,产率为89%。
该化合物核磁数据如下:The desired pure product was obtained in 89%yield as a colorless liquid. 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.90 - 7.86 (m, 2H),7.51 - 7.43 (m, 1H), 7.38 - 7.34 (m, 2H), 7.31 - 7.20 (m, 7H), 7.09 (d, J =7.9 Hz, 2H), 4.78 (dd, J = 8.5, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 3.76 (dd, J = 13.3, 8.5 Hz, 1H),3.26 (dd, J = 13.3, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 2.33 (s, 3H). 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δ198.3, 138.1, 136.5, 136.5, 133.0, 132.2, 130.6, 129.8, 129.1, 128.7, 128.5,128.2, 127.6, 53.2, 38.1, 21.0. HRMS (ESI) exact mass calcd for C22H21OS [M+H]+m/z 333.1313, found 333.1311。
实施例2:1,2-二苯基-3-(邻甲苯硫基)丙-1-酮的合成
合成路线和分离方法同实施例1,其中仅将原料4-甲基苯硫酚换成2-甲基苯硫酚。得到无色油状液体纯产品,产率为80%。
该化合物核磁数据如下:1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.89 (m, 2H), 7.49 -7.45 (m, 3H), 7.38 - 7.31 (m, 2H), 7.30 - 7.28 (m, 4H), 7.24 - 7.20 (m, 1H),7.18 - 7.09 (m, 3H), 4.81 (dd, J = 8.6, 5.7 Hz, 1H), 3.80 (dd, J = 13.2, 8.6Hz, 1H), 3.27 (dd, J = 13.2, 5.6 Hz, 1H), 2.28 (s, 3H). 13C NMR (151 MHz,CDCl3) δ 198.2, 138.3, 138.1, 136.4, 135.2, 133.1, 130.3, 129.1, 128.7,128.7, 128.5, 128.1, 127.6, 126.4, 126.1, 53.1, 36.6, 20.4. HRMS (ESI) exactmass calcd for C22H21OS [M+H]+ m/z 333.1313, found 333.1315。
实施例3:1,2-二苯基-3-(对异丙基苯硫基)丙-1-酮的合成
合成路线和分离方法同实施例1,其中仅将原料4-甲氧基苯硫酚换成4-异丙基苯硫酚。得到无色油状液体纯产品,产率为73%。
该化合物核磁数据如下:1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.88 (dd, J = 8.4, 1.2Hz, 2H), 7.50 - 7.43 (m, 1H), 7.38 - 7.34 (m, 2H), 7.31 - 7.26 (m, 6H), 7.24- 7.20 (m, 1H), 7.16 - 7.12 (m, 2H), 4.80 (dd, J = 8.4, 5.9 Hz, 1H), 3.77(dd, J = 13.3, 8.4 Hz, 1H), 3.27 (dd, J = 13.3, 5.9 Hz, 1H), 2.92 - 2.84 (m,1H), 1.24 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 6H). 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δ 198.3, 147.5, 138.1,136.5, 133.0, 132.6, 130.5, 129.1, 128.7, 128.5, 128.2, 127.6, 127.1, 53.3,38.0, 33.7, 23.9. HRMS (ESI) exact mass calcd for C24H25OS [M+H]+ m/z 361.1626,found 361.1630。
实施例4:1,2-二苯基-3-(3,5-二甲基苯硫基)丙-1-酮的合成
合成路线和分离方法同实施例1,其中仅将原料4-甲基苯硫酚换成3,5-二甲基苯硫酚。得到淡黄色油状液体纯产品,产率为77%。
该化合物核磁数据如下:1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.91 (t, J = 7.8 Hz,2H), 7.49 (dd, J = 8.6, 6.1 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 3H), 7.31 (dd, J =9.1, 4.1 Hz, 4H), 7.09 (s, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 4.83 (ddd, J =17.6, 8.3, 5.9 Hz, 1H), 3.81 (ddd, J = 21.3, 13.1, 8.4 Hz, 1H), 3.33 (ddd, J= 27.9, 13.1, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 2.37 (s, 2H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 2.20 (s, 3H). 13C NMR(151 MHz, CDCl3) δ 198.1, 144.4, 138.6, 137.9, 137.4, 137.3, 136.3, 133.2,129.2, 128.8, 128.6, 128.3, 128.1, 127.7, 126.8, 123.2, 53.3, 36.6, 21.9,21.3. HRMS (ESI) exact mass calcd for C23H23OS [M+H]+ m/z 347.1470, found347.1475。
实施例5:1,2-二苯基-3-(3,4-二甲基苯硫基)丙-1-酮的合成
合成路线和分离方法同实施例1,其中仅将原料4-甲基苯硫酚换成3,4-二甲基苯硫酚。得到无色油状液体纯产品,产率为70%。
该化合物核磁数据如下:1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.90 - 7.86 (m, 2H),7.47 (m, 1H), 7.38 - 7.34 (m, 2H), 7.31 - 7.26 (m, 4H), 7.24 - 7.19 (m, 1H),7.12 - 7.08 (m, 2H), 7.05 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 4.79 (dd, J = 8.5, 5.8 Hz,1H), 3.76 (dd, J = 13.3, 8.5 Hz, 1H), 3.25 (dd, J = 13.3, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 2.23(s, 3H), 2.20 (s, 3H). 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δ 198.4, 138.1, 137.4, 136.1,135.2, 133.0, 132.3, 131.9, 130.2, 129.0, 128.7, 128.5, 128.2, 128.0, 127.5,53.2, 38.1, 19.7, 19.3. HRMS (ESI) exact mass calcd for C23H23OS [M+H]+ m/z347.1470, found 347.1475。
实施例6:1,2-二苯基-3-(2,4-二甲基苯硫基)丙-1-酮硫醚的合成
合成路线和分离方法同实施例1,其中仅将原料4-甲基苯硫酚换成2,4-二甲基苯硫酚。得到无色油状液体纯产品,产率为76%。
该化合物核磁数据如下:1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.90 (d, J = 7.4 Hz,2H), 7.49 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.32 - 7.27 (m, 4H),7.25 (dd, J = 6.8, 3.5 Hz, 2H), 7.04 - 6.90 (m, 2H), 4.80 (dd, J = 8.6, 5.6Hz, 1H), 3.76 (dd, J = 13.1, 8.7 Hz, 1H), 3.21 (dd, J = 13.1, 5.5 Hz, 1H),2.31 (s, 3H), 2.28 (s, 3H). 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δ 198.3, 138.9, 138.2,136.5, 136.4, 133.0, 131.3, 131.2, 130.2, 129.1, 128.7, 128.5, 128.1, 127.6,127.2, 53.1, 37.2, 20.9, 20.4. HRMS (ESI) exact mass calcd for C23H23OS [M+H]+m/z 347.1470, found 347.1473。
实施例7:1,2-二苯基-3-(4-叔丁基苯硫基)丙-1-酮的合成
合成路线和分离方法同实施例1,其中仅将原料4-甲基苯硫酚换成4-叔丁基苯硫酚。得到无色油状液体纯产品,产率为74%。
该化合物核磁数据如下:1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.91 (d, J = 7.9 Hz,2H), 7.48 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.31 (d, J = 3.4 Hz,8H), 7.27 - 7.20 (m, 1H), 4.84 (dd, J = 8.1, 6.0 Hz, 1H), 3.80 (dd, J = 13.2,8.4 Hz, 1H), 3.30 (dd, J = 13.2, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 1.33 (s, 9H). 13C NMR (151 MHz,CDCl3) δ 198.3, 149.7, 138.1, 136.5, 133.0, 132.4, 130.0, 129.1, 128.7,128.5, 128.2, 127.6, 126.0, 53.4, 37.9, 34.5, 31.3. HRMS (ESI) exact masscalcd for C25H27OS [M+H]+ m/z 375.1783, found 375.1782。
实施例8:1,2-二苯基-3-(4-甲氧基苯硫基)丙-1-酮的合成
合成路线和分离方法同实施例1,其中仅将原料4-甲基苯硫酚换成4-甲氧基苯硫酚。得到无色油状液体纯产品,产率为63%。
该化合物核磁数据如下:1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.93 - 7.86 (m, 2H),7.52 - 7.46 (m, 1H), 7.43 - 7.34 (m, 2H), 7.34 - 7.30 (m, 2H), 7.30 - 7.16(m, 5H), 6.90 - 6.76 (m, 2H), 4.76 (dd, J = 8.6, 5.7 Hz, 1H), 3.81 (s, 3H),3.72 (dd, J = 13.3, 8.7 Hz, 1H), 3.19 (dd, J = 13.3, 5.7 Hz, 1H). 13C NMR (151MHz, CDCl3) δ 198.3, 159.1, 138.1, 136.5, 133.7, 133.1, 129.1, 128.7, 128.5,128.2, 127.6, 126.1, 114.7, 55.3, 53.2, 39.5. HRMS (ESI) exact mass calcd forC22H21O2S [M+H]+ m/z 349.1262, found 349.1266。
实施例9:1,2-二(4-氟苯基)-3-(对甲苯硫基)丙-1-酮的合成
合成路线和分离方法同实施例1,其中仅将原料1,1-二苯基烯丙醇换成1,1-二(4-氟苯基)烯丙醇。得到无色油状液体纯产品,产率为61%。
该化合物核磁数据如下:1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.94 - 7.84 (m, 2H),7.29 - 7.18 (m, 4H), 7.10 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 2H), 7.04 (t, J = 12.1, 5.1 Hz,2H), 6.98 (t, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 4.71 (dd, J = 8.2, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 3.71 (dd, J =13.4, 8.2 Hz, 1H), 3.22 (dd, J = 13.4, 6.1 Hz, 1H), 2.34 (s, 3H). 13C NMR (151MHz, CDCl3) δ 196.8, 165.7(d, J = 255.7Hz), 162.2 (d, J = 246.9 Hz), 136.8,133.6 (d, J = 3.3 Hz), 132.7 (d, J = 3.1 Hz), 131.8, 131.3(d, J = 9.4 Hz),130.7, 129.8, 129.7 (d, J = 8.1 Hz), 116.1 (d, J = 21.6 Hz), 115.7 (d, J =21.9 Hz), 52.3, 38.2, 21.0. HRMS (ESI) exact mass calcd for C22H19F2OS [M+H]+m/z 369.1125, found 369.1122。
实施例10:1,2-二(4-溴苯基)-3-(对甲苯硫基)丙-1-酮的合成
合成路线和分离方法同实施例1,其中仅将原料1,1-二苯基烯丙醇换成1,1-二(4-溴苯基)烯丙醇。得到无色油状液体纯产品,产率为65%。
该化合物核磁数据如下:1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.74 - 7.62 (m, 4H),7.50 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.40 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.22 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 2H),7.13 - 7.07 (m, 4H), 4.65 (dd, J = 8.0, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 3.69 (dd, J = 13.4, 8.1Hz, 1H), 3.21 (dd, J = 13.4, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 2.33 (s, 3H). 13C NMR (151 MHz,CDCl3) δ 197.0, 136.9, 136.6, 134.9, 132.3, 131.9, 131.7, 131.6, 131.4,130.8, 130.1, 129.9, 129.8, 128.6, 121.9, 52.6, 37.9, 21.1.HRMS (ESI) exactmass calcd for C22H19Br2OS [M+H]+ m/z 490.9503, found 490.9500。
Claims (3)
1.一种β-羰基硫醚类化合物的合成方法,在有机溶剂中,以1,1-二芳基烯丙醇和硫酚及衍生物为原料,在氧化剂作用下,于室温下反应10-30小时,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,柱层析分离,即得目标产物;所述氧化剂为PhI(OAc)2;
所述1,1-二芳基烯丙醇的结构式为:
其中,Ar1为苯基、4-氟苯基或4-溴苯基;Ar2为苯基、4-氟苯基或4-溴苯基;所述硫酚及衍生物为对甲苯硫酚、2-甲基苯硫酚、4-异丙基苯硫酚、3,5-二甲基苯硫酚、3,4-二甲基苯硫酚、2,4-二甲基苯硫酚、4-叔丁基苯硫酚或4-甲氧基苯硫酚;
所述1,1-二芳基烯丙醇和硫酚及衍生物的摩尔比为1:1-1:3。
2.如权利要求1所述β-羰基硫醚类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述有机溶剂为乙腈、二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、丙酮、1,4-二氧六环、四氢呋喃或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
3.如权利要求1所述β-羰基硫醚类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述氧化剂的加入量为1,1-二芳基烯丙醇和硫酚及衍生物总摩尔量的1-5当量。
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