CN114804965A - Organic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114804965A CN114804965A CN202210426903.0A CN202210426903A CN114804965A CN 114804965 A CN114804965 A CN 114804965A CN 202210426903 A CN202210426903 A CN 202210426903A CN 114804965 A CN114804965 A CN 114804965A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 claims description 42
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 phosphoric acid diamine Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- HEPPIYNOUFWEPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-diaminophosphinothioylbutan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCNP(N)(N)=S HEPPIYNOUFWEPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GXFRQLQUKBSYQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4,5,6-tetrachloropyridine-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=NC(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl GXFRQLQUKBSYQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000589151 Azotobacter Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- DCUJJWWUNKIJPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrapyrin Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)=N1 DCUJJWWUNKIJPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004667 ethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920013818 hydroxypropyl guar gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940071676 hydroxypropylcellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 45
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 15
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 abstract description 4
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 18
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an organic compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, by adding organic materials and inorganic materials, not only can provide necessary nutrient substances for plant growth, but also can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, increase the content of organic matters in the soil, promote the formation and conversion of soil humus and granular groups, and improve the water retention performance and soil fertility of the soil; the microbial agent and the organic matter material are mixed together, so that substances such as chicken manure, rapeseed oil cake and the like are fermented under the action of microorganisms, part of substances are converted into polypeptide or amino acid, and are absorbed by plants more easily, and in addition, the substances such as the chicken manure, the rapeseed oil and the like also provide nutrition for the propagation of the microorganisms, so that the substances can be better converted, and act on the soil, the fertility of the soil is increased, and meanwhile, the release of inorganic nutrients is controlled through a slow release agent and a coating technology, so that the nutrients slowly enter a plant rhizosphere microenvironment and are combined with the organic matter, and the long-acting utilization of the fertilizer is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, in particular to an organic compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, due to rural labor force transfer, the using amount of farmyard manure is greatly reduced, the using amount of chemical fertilizers is continuously increased, the fertilizing frequency is reduced, the utilization rate of the fertilizers is reduced, a large amount of chemical fertilizers are leached or fixed in a physical and chemical mode, so that various problems of soil nutrient unbalance, soil loss and the like are brought, meanwhile, nutrients of the chemical fertilizers are dissolved and released too fast, so that the nutrients in soil in the early stage of crop growth are high, the crops are volatilized and lost after being absorbed in time, and the problems of fertilizer shortage and the like are caused in the later stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of the soil environment also brings about the change of the growth environment of the plants, so that the plants live in the adverse environment for a long time and seriously influence the growth of the plants. Therefore, the fertilizer which has quick acting, long acting and soil improvement and stress resistance functions has wide application value, and the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is a fertilizer with great potential.
For example, the document with the application number of 201410027632.7 discloses an organic-inorganic fertilizer with quick-acting and slow-release effects and a preparation method thereof, relating to the field of chemical compositions and preparation methods thereof. Preparing a master batch fertilizer by a disc or roller granulation mode, spraying xanthan gum and sulfur suspension on the surface of the master batch fertilizer, and drying to form a film on the surface of the master batch fertilizer; and then preparing the raw materials of the outer-layer fertilizer into fertilizer slurry, spraying the fertilizer slurry on the surface of the master batch fertilizer, spraying the alkylamine acetate anti-caking agent for the last time, air-drying, cooling and bagging to obtain the organic-inorganic fertilizer with quick-acting and slow-release effects. The fertilizer effect of the organic and inorganic fertilizer has the long-acting property of common organic and inorganic fertilizers and the quick-acting property of common inorganic fertilizers, and the release of medium and trace element nutrients and the release of major elements are synchronous, so that the high-efficiency fertilizer application effect of integrating quick-acting and slow release of the fertilizer effect is achieved. The invention achieves the functions of quick and long-acting fertilizer effect, but fails to further improve the functionality of the fertilizer, such as improving the soil quality, resisting stress, resisting diseases, promoting growth and the like; therefore, there is a need for a fertilizer that can satisfy both synergistic and functional effects.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the organic compound fertilizer and the preparation method thereof, by adding organic matters and inorganic matters, the content of the organic matters in the soil can be effectively increased, the growth requirement of plants is met, in addition, the added microorganisms further improve the physicochemical property of the soil, increase the content of the organic matters in the soil, promote the formation and the transformation of soil humus and granular groups, and improve the water retention performance and the soil fertility of the soil.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an organic compound fertilizer which is characterized by comprising an organic material and an inorganic material, wherein the organic material and the inorganic material comprise the following components in parts by weight:
the organic matter material comprises:
chicken manure: 15-25 parts;
peanut shell: 30-40 parts;
rape-seed cake: 20-30 parts of a solvent;
rape seed hulls: 25-35 parts;
humic acid: 80-150 parts;
and (3) microbial agent: 1-10 parts of
The inorganic materials comprise:
urea: 100-200 parts;
phosphoric acid diamine: 50-100 parts;
potassium sulfate: 80-120 parts;
adhesive: 5-30 parts of one or more of ethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl cellulose and guar gum or sodium alginate.
Preferably, the organic matter material and the inorganic matter material comprise the following components in parts by weight:
the organic matter material comprises:
chicken manure: 20 parts of (1);
peanut shell: 35 parts of (B);
rape-seed cake: 25 parts of (1);
rape seed hulls: 30 parts of (1);
humic acid: 120 parts of a solvent;
and (3) microbial agent: 5 portions of
The inorganic materials comprise:
urea: 150 parts;
phosphoric acid diamine: 80 parts of a mixture;
potassium sulfate: 100 parts of (A);
adhesive: 15 parts of ethyl cellulose and 5 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose.
Preferably, the humic acid content is 78% or more.
Preferably, the microbial agent comprises one or more of azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, zymocyte and photosynthetic bacteria.
Preferably, a slow release synergist and a coating oil are further added, wherein the slow release synergist is one or more of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, n-butyl thiophosphoric triamide and tetrachloropicolinic acid in total in 3-5 parts, and the coating oil is vegetable oil which is mild to microorganisms in total in 30-50 parts.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the organic compound fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing the peanut shells, the rapeseed oil cakes and the rape seed shells to obtain granular substances with the grain size not more than 1 mm;
s2, mixing the crushed peanut shells, rapeseed oil cakes and rape seed shells with chicken manure and a microbial agent, adding humic acid for mixed fermentation, and generating a fermented organic fertilizer after the fermentation is finished;
s3: adding urea, diamine phosphate and potassium sulfate into the fermented organic fertilizer obtained in the step S2, adding the slow-release synergist after uniformly mixing, and putting into a granulator for granulation after uniformly mixing;
s4: drying the obtained particles, screening by using a particle screening machine to obtain particles with the diameter of less than 2.75mm, cooling to room temperature, adding wrapping oil to carry out film coating, and obtaining a finished product.
Preferably, in step S2, the process of mixed fermentation is: and (3) stacking and fermenting for 15 days under the condition that the moisture content is kept at 40-45%, turning the stack, fermenting for 10 days in a plate-turning type fermentation tower, and keeping the moisture content at about 20% until no odor is generated, thus obtaining the fermented organic fertilizer.
Preferably, in step S4, drying is performed at 30-40 degrees celsius to reduce the moisture content to below 5%;
the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the organic compound fertilizer provided by the invention has the advantages that organic materials and inorganic materials are added, so that not only can necessary nutrient substances be provided for plant growth, but also the physical and chemical properties of soil can be effectively improved, the organic matter content of the soil can be increased, the formation and conversion of soil humus and granular groups can be promoted, and the water retention performance and the soil fertility of the soil can be improved; more specifically, the microbial agent and the organic matter material are mixed together, so that substances such as chicken manure, rapeseed oil cake and the like are fermented under the action of microorganisms, part of substances are converted into polypeptide or amino acid, and are absorbed by plants more easily.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses an organic compound fertilizer, which comprises an organic material and an inorganic material, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: the organic matter material comprises: chicken manure: 15-25 parts; peanut shell: 30-40 parts; rape-seed cake: 20-30 parts of a solvent; rape seed hulls: 25-35 parts; humic acid: 80-150 parts; and (3) microbial agent: 1-10 parts; the inorganic materials comprise: urea: 100-200 parts; phosphoric acid diamine: 50-100 parts; potassium sulfate: 80-120 parts; adhesive: 5-30 parts of one or more of ethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl cellulose and guar gum or sodium alginate. In this embodiment, organic matter and inorganic matter are firstly arranged, and through the relevant cooperation between the two substances, the organic matter and the inorganic matter can be quickly absorbed by plants, and simultaneously, the soil matrix can be improved, so that the organic matter in the soil is greatly increased, the formation and the conversion of soil humus and granular groups are promoted, and the water retention performance and the soil fertility of the soil are improved.
The composite material comprises the following components in parts by mass as an optimal proportion: the organic matter material comprises: chicken manure: 20 parts of (1); peanut shell: 35 parts of (B); rape-seed cake: 25 parts of (1); rape seed hulls: 30 parts of (1); humic acid: 120 parts of (A); and (3) microbial agent: the 5 parts of inorganic materials comprise: urea: 150 parts; phosphoric acid diamine: 80 parts of a mixture; potassium sulfate: 100 parts of (A); adhesive: 15 parts of ethyl cellulose and 5 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose.
When in use, the content of humic acid is more than 78%; the microbial agent comprises one or more of azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, zymocyte and photosynthetic bacteria. Also added with a slow release synergist and coating oil, wherein the slow release synergist is one or more of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethyl pyridine, n-butyl thiophosphoryl triamide and tetrachloropicolinic acid, and accounts for 3-5 parts, and the coating oil is vegetable oil which is mild to microorganisms, and accounts for 30-50 parts. In the embodiment, the humus is a complex organic matter formed by long-term physical, chemical and biological actions of animals and plants, the bottom sediment soil of a water body and the like all contain humus, the humus is a macromolecular polymer and has a complex chemical structure and active groups such as carboxyl, phenolic group, ketone group and the like, so that after the humic acid is added into the soil, a soil matrix can be effectively improved, the fertility and water retention capacity of the soil can be improved, the microorganism contains various microorganisms, for example, azotobacter can effectively convert nitrogen in the air into nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, zymophyte and the like required by plant growth, and can effectively perform related conversion on substances in the organic matter to obtain polypeptide or amino acid substances; the slow release synergist and the coating oil have synergistic effects, so that the release peak value of nutrients is greatly reduced, the volatilization and the spraying of the nutrients are inhibited, the quick-acting and long-acting effects are combined, the nutrient utilization rate is high, the soil fertility can be improved, the soil quality is improved, the ammonia nitrogen emission is reduced, and the stress resistance and the disease resistance of plants are improved.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the organic compound fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing the peanut shells, the rapeseed oil cakes and the rape seed shells to obtain granular substances with the grain size not more than 1 mm; s2, mixing the crushed peanut shells, rapeseed oil cakes and rape seed shells with chicken manure and a microbial agent, adding humic acid for mixed fermentation, and generating a fermented organic fertilizer after the fermentation is finished; s3: adding urea, diamine phosphate and potassium sulfate into the fermented organic fertilizer obtained in the step S2, adding the slow-release synergist after uniformly mixing, and putting into a granulator for granulation after uniformly mixing; s4: drying the obtained particles, screening by using a particle screening machine to obtain particles with the diameter of less than 2.75mm, cooling to room temperature, adding wrapping oil to carry out film coating, and obtaining a finished product. In this embodiment, at first carry out the crushing nature to organic matter material and handle, can excise the material of big footpath on the one hand to make in fermentation process, can fully mix with other substances, the graininess organic matter material of on the other hand can be better deposited by the microorganism, thereby changes organic matter material into micromolecular polypeptide or amino acids material, better is absorbed by the plant, acts on in the soil simultaneously, improves soil matrix, improves the fertility of soil.
In step S2, the process of mixed fermentation is: stacking and fermenting for 15 days under the condition that the moisture content is kept at 40-45%, turning the stack, fermenting for 10 days in a plate-turning type fermentation tower, keeping the moisture content at about 20% until no odor is generated, and obtaining a fermented organic fertilizer; in step S4, drying is performed at 30-40 degrees celsius to reduce the moisture content to below 5%. In the embodiment, because the optimal living environment of various microorganisms needs to be considered in the fermentation process, and the fermentation conditions of the compost are also considered, the water is controlled, so that the fermentation requirements are met, after the fermentation is finished, drying granulation needs to be carried out, the drying temperature also needs to be adjusted, the survival of the microorganisms is affected when the temperature is too high or too low, and the drying granulation is carried out under the condition that the temperature is controlled to be 30-40 ℃; after the granulation is finished, the vegetable oil is used for wrapping, the principle that oily substances are not easy to volatilize is used, so that the storage can be carried out for a long time, the microorganisms cannot be damaged, in addition, the ammonium salt or the sylvite in inorganic substances provides an adaptive breeding environment for the related microorganisms, and the microorganisms are promoted to decompose or utilize the inorganic substances, so that the complementary effect is achieved.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
the first embodiment is as follows:
weighing organic materials: chicken manure: 20 parts of (1); peanut shell: 35 parts of (B); rape-seed cake: 25 parts of a binder; rape seed hulls: 30 parts of (1); humic acid: 120 parts of (A); and (3) microbial agent: 5 parts of a mixture;
weighing inorganic materials: urea: 150 parts; phosphoric acid diamine: 80 parts of a binder; potassium sulfate: 100 parts of (A); adhesive: 15 parts of ethyl cellulose and 5 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose;
crushing chicken manure, peanut shells, rape seed cakes and rape seed shells in the organic matter materials, and then adding a microbial agent and humic acid for mixed fermentation; after fermentation is finished, adding inorganic materials, adding 5 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, stirring, transferring to a granulator for granulation after uniform stirring, transferring particles with the diameter of less than 2.75mm to a coating oil for coating, and drying to obtain the organic compound fertilizer.
Example two:
weighing organic materials: chicken manure: 15 parts of (1); peanut shell: 30 parts of (1); rape-seed cake: 30 parts of (1); rape seed hulls: 35 parts of (B); humic acid: 80 parts of a mixture; and (3) microbial agent: 1 part;
weighing inorganic materials: urea: 100 parts of a binder; phosphoric acid diamine: 50 parts of a binder; potassium sulfate: 80 parts of a mixture; adhesive: 5 parts of ethyl cellulose and 5 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose;
crushing chicken manure, peanut shells, rape seed cakes and rape seed shells in the organic matter materials, and then adding a microbial agent and humic acid for mixed fermentation; after fermentation, adding inorganic materials, adding 5 parts of n-butyl thiophosphoryl triamide at the same time, stirring, transferring the mixture to a granulator for granulation after uniform stirring, transferring particles with the diameter of less than 2.75mm into coating oil for coating, and drying to obtain the organic compound fertilizer.
Example three:
weighing organic materials: chicken manure: 25 parts of (1); peanut shell: 40 parts of a mixture; rape-seed cake: 20 parts of (1); rape seed hulls: 35 parts of (B); humic acid: 150 parts; and (3) microbial agent: 10 parts of (A);
weighing inorganic materials: urea: 200 parts of (A); phosphoric acid diamine: 100 parts of (A); potassium sulfate: 120 parts of (A); adhesive: 15 parts of ethyl cellulose and 10 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose;
crushing chicken manure, peanut shells, rape seed shells and rape seed shells in the organic matter materials, and then adding a microbial agent and humic acid for mixed fermentation; after fermentation, adding inorganic materials, adding 5 parts of n-butyl thiophosphoryl triamide at the same time, stirring, transferring the mixture to a granulator for granulation after uniform stirring, transferring particles with the diameter of less than 2.75mm into coating oil for coating, and drying to obtain the organic compound fertilizer.
Comparative example one:
weighing organic materials: chicken manure: 20 parts of (1); peanut shell: 35 parts of (B); rape-seed cake: 25 parts of (1); rape seed hulls: 30 parts of (1); humic acid: 120 parts of (A); and (3) microbial agent: 5 parts of a mixture;
weighing inorganic materials: urea: 150 parts; phosphoric acid diamine: 80 parts of a mixture; potassium sulfate: 100 parts of (A); adhesive: 15 parts of ethyl cellulose and 5 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose;
crushing chicken manure, peanut shells, rape seed cakes and rape seed shells in the organic matter materials, and then adding a microbial agent and humic acid for mixed fermentation; after fermentation, adding inorganic materials, adding 5 parts of n-butyl thiophosphoryl triamide at the same time, stirring, transferring the mixture to a granulator for granulation after uniform stirring, transferring particles with the size of 2.75-5mm into coating oil for coating, and drying to obtain the organic compound fertilizer.
Comparative example two:
weighing organic materials: chicken manure: 20 parts of (1); peanut shell: 35 parts of (B); rape-seed cake: 25 parts of (1); rape seed hulls: 30 parts of (1); and (3) microbial agent: 5 parts of a mixture;
weighing inorganic materials: urea: 150 parts; phosphoric acid diamine: 80 parts of a binder; potassium sulfate: 100 parts of (A); adhesive: 15 parts of ethyl cellulose and 5 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose;
crushing chicken manure, peanut shells, rape seed shells and rape seed shells in the organic matter materials, and then adding a microbial agent and humic acid for mixed fermentation; after fermentation, adding inorganic materials, adding 5 parts of tetrachloropicolinic acid, stirring, transferring to a granulator for granulation after uniform stirring, transferring particles with the diameter of less than 2.75mm into coating oil for coating, and drying to obtain the organic compound fertilizer.
Comparative example three:
weighing organic materials: chicken manure: 20 parts of (1); peanut shell: 35 parts of (B); rape-seed cake: 25 parts of (1); rape seed hulls: 30 parts of (1); humic acid: 120 parts of (A); and (3) microbial agent: 5 parts of a mixture;
weighing inorganic materials: urea: 150 parts; phosphoric acid diamine: 80 parts of a mixture; potassium sulfate: 100 parts of a binder; adhesive: 15 parts of ethyl cellulose and 5 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose
Crushing chicken manure, peanut shells, rape seed cakes and rape seed shells in the organic matter materials, and then adding a microbial agent and humic acid for mixed fermentation; and after the fermentation is finished, stirring, transferring the mixture to a granulator for granulation after uniform stirring, and collecting particles with the diameter of less than 2.75mm to obtain the organic fertilizer.
The fertilizers obtained in the above examples were tested on the same potato piece, and the results are as follows:
as shown in the table I, the effect of the present application can be effectively found by comparing a plurality of examples of the present application with a comparative example, the present application can effectively improve the yield of potatoes before and after fertilization, while the first example and the comparative example can find that the final yields of the two are close to each other, but in the early stage, the first example can obtain better effect, which is probably because the size of the grain diameter influences the dissolution rate of the fertilizer, so that the potato absorption degree is different, the size of the grain diameter influences less for plants with long growth period, such as the growth period of the potatoes is 80-100, but for some vegetables, such as green vegetables, the growth period is only about 30 days, and the fertilizer with larger grain diameter can not be completely dissolved in the soil in a short time, so that the absorption rate of the plants is influenced, and the practicability of the product is wider, especially, the fertilizer with smaller grain size is adopted, thereby meeting the requirement of quick absorption of plants.
The second comparative example and the first example show that the final yield is reduced without adding humic acid, which is probably because the addition of humic acid changes the physicochemical property of soil, increases the organic matter content of soil, promotes the formation and conversion of soil humus and granular groups, and improves the water retention performance and soil fertility of soil, thereby increasing the yield of crops.
However, it can be seen from the first and third examples that the yield of the potatoes in the third comparative example is improved after 20 days of fertilizer application, but the yield of the potatoes in the final harvest is not the same because the slow release synergist and the vegetable oil are not added in the third comparative example, so that the nutrients of the fertilizer are released in a large amount in a short time, the yield of the potatoes is increased in a short time, and the soil of the potatoes partially absorbs a large amount of nutrients during the growth process, so that the final yield is not high.
Further, the disease resistance of potato was tested by various examples
Potatoes treated with the example fertilizer showed the best resistance to epidemic disease with disease indices that were reduced by 59.13% and 53.15% respectively compared to potatoes treated with no fertilizer and with the control fertilizer; compared with the potato treated by the comparative fertilizer, the control effect is increased by 364.21%, which shows that the fertilizer has better disease-inhibiting function, probably because the added inorganic substances can be quickly absorbed by the branches, leaves and roots of the potato, so that the disease resistance of the potato is enhanced, and the roots of the potato can obtain enough nutrition under the combined action of microorganisms and organic matters, so that the disease resistance of the potato is further enhanced.
For the aspect of nutritional value:
(6) the nutritional quality directions are compared in the following table;
analysis of the nutritional ingredients of potatoes shows that, for example, in the first example and the third comparative example, the slow release synergist is added in the first example, so that the nutrients in the fertilizer are gradually released and can be gradually absorbed by crops, while in the third comparative example, the fertilizer is quickly released and is absorbed by roots and stems of potatoes, so that not only fruits are enlarged, but also stems and leaves are thickened, but the accumulation of nutrient substances is not high, while in different examples, the nutrition of the finally obtained fertilizer is not greatly different due to the difference of the amount of the added substances, and the first example is taken as the best example in consideration of comprehensive production cost and nutritional value.
The above disclosure is only for a few specific embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The organic compound fertilizer is characterized by comprising an organic matter material and an inorganic matter material, and comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the organic matter material comprises:
chicken manure: 15-25 parts;
peanut shell: 30-40 parts;
rape-seed cake: 20-30 parts of a solvent;
rape seed hulls: 25-35 parts;
humic acid: 80-150 parts;
and (3) microbial agent: 1-10 parts of
The inorganic materials comprise:
urea: 100-200 parts;
phosphoric acid diamine: 50-100 parts;
potassium sulfate: 80-120 parts;
adhesive: 5-30 parts of one or more of ethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl cellulose and guar gum or sodium alginate.
2. The organic compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which comprises an organic material and an inorganic material, and comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the organic matter material comprises:
chicken manure: 20 parts of (1);
peanut shell: 35 parts of (B);
rape-seed cake: 25 parts of (1);
rape seed hulls: 30 parts of (1);
humic acid: 120 parts of (A);
and (3) microbial agent: 5 portions of
The inorganic materials comprise:
urea: 150 parts;
phosphoric acid diamine: 80 parts of a mixture;
potassium sulfate: 100 parts of (A);
adhesive: 15 parts of ethyl cellulose and 5 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose.
3. The organic composite fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the content of humic acid is 78% or more.
4. The organic compound fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the microbial agent comprises one or more of azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, zymocyte and photosynthetic bacteria.
5. The organic compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein a slow release synergist and a coated oil are further added, wherein the slow release synergist is one or more of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, n-butyl thiophosphoric triamide and tetrachloropicolinic acid in total in 3-5 parts, and the coated oil is a vegetable oil which is mild to microorganisms in total in 30-50 parts.
6. The preparation method of the organic compound fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, crushing the peanut shells, the rapeseed oil cakes and the rape seed shells to obtain granular substances with the grain size not more than 1 mm;
s2, mixing the crushed peanut shells, rapeseed oil cakes and rape seed shells with chicken manure and a microbial agent, adding humic acid for mixed fermentation, and generating a fermented organic fertilizer after the fermentation is finished;
s3: adding urea, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate into the fermented organic fertilizer obtained in S2, adding the slow-release synergist after uniformly mixing, and putting into a granulator for granulation after uniformly mixing;
s4: drying the obtained particles, screening by using a particle screening machine to obtain particles with the diameter of less than 2.75mm, cooling to room temperature, adding wrapping oil to carry out film coating, and obtaining a finished product.
7. The method of preparing an organic complex fertilizer according to claim 6, wherein the process of the mixed fermentation in step S2 is: and (3) stacking and fermenting for 15 days under the condition that the moisture content is kept at 40-45%, turning the stack, fermenting for 10 days in a plate-turning type fermentation tower, and keeping the moisture content at about 20% until no odor is generated, thus obtaining the fermented organic fertilizer.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the drying is performed at 30-40 ℃ in step S4 to reduce the water content to 5% or less.
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| CN117417215A (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2024-01-19 | 陕西麦克斯农业科技股份有限公司 | Humic acid biofertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113683455A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-23 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Functional organic and inorganic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104230524A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2014-12-24 | 合肥四方磷复肥有限责任公司 | Organic water-retaining fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109134159A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-01-04 | 贵州京鸣新型肥料开发有限公司 | A kind of organic compound fertilizer and its preparation process |
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