CN113683455A - Functional organic and inorganic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Functional organic and inorganic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
Abstract
The invention relates to a functional organic and inorganic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Under the coordination of organic matters, the utilization rate of inorganic nutrient ingredients is increased, so that the nutrient requirement of crops can be ensured and the loss of nutrients is reduced under the condition that the content of inorganic nutrients is lower than that of conventional inorganic fertilizers; quick-acting water-soluble organic matters are particularly added, so that the nutrients can be quickly utilized by plants; meanwhile, the release of inorganic nutrients is controlled by a slow release agent and a coating technology, so that the nutrients slowly enter a plant rhizosphere microenvironment and are combined with organic matters, and the long-acting utilization of the fertilizer is ensured; the soil quality can be obviously improved, the soil granular structure and the plant rhizosphere soil micro-ecological environment are increased, the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil is improved, the fertilizer utilization rate is improved, the volatilization and loss of nutrients are reduced, and the soil non-point source pollution is prevented and treated; the added functional microorganisms are combined to improve the anti-adversity and disease-inhibiting capability of the plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical fertilizers and preparation methods thereof, in particular to a functional organic and inorganic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, due to rural labor force transfer, the using amount of farmyard manure is greatly reduced, the using amount of chemical fertilizers is continuously increased, the fertilizing frequency is reduced, the utilization rate of the fertilizers is reduced, a large amount of chemical fertilizers are leached or fixed in a physical and chemical mode, so that various problems of soil nutrient unbalance, soil loss and the like are brought, meanwhile, nutrients of the chemical fertilizers are dissolved and released too fast, so that the nutrients in soil in the early stage of crop growth are high, the crops are volatilized and lost after being absorbed in time, and the problems of fertilizer shortage and the like are caused in the later stage. Meanwhile, the reduction of the soil environment also brings about the change of the growth environment of the plants, so that the plants live in the adverse environment for a long time and the growth of the plants is seriously influenced. Therefore, the fertilizer which has quick acting, long acting and soil improvement and stress resistance functions has wide application value, and the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is a fertilizer with great potential.
For example, the document with the application number of 201410027632.7 discloses an organic-inorganic fertilizer with quick-acting and slow-release effects and a preparation method thereof, relating to the field of chemical compositions and preparation methods thereof. Preparing a master batch fertilizer by a disc or roller granulation mode, spraying xanthan gum and sulfur suspension on the surface of the master batch fertilizer, and drying to form a film on the surface of the master batch fertilizer; and then preparing the raw materials of the outer-layer fertilizer into fertilizer slurry, spraying the fertilizer slurry on the surface of the master batch fertilizer, spraying the alkylamine acetate anti-caking agent for the last time, air-drying, cooling and bagging to obtain the organic-inorganic fertilizer with quick-acting and slow-release effects. The fertilizer effect of the organic and inorganic fertilizer has the long-acting property of common organic and inorganic fertilizers and the quick-acting property of common inorganic fertilizers, and the release of medium and trace element nutrients and the release of major elements are synchronous, so that the high-efficiency fertilizer application effect of integrating quick-acting and slow release of the fertilizer effect is achieved. The invention achieves the functions of quick and long-acting fertilizer effect, but fails to further improve the functionality of the fertilizer, such as improving the soil quality, resisting stress, resisting diseases, promoting growth and the like; therefore, there is a need for a fertilizer that can satisfy both synergistic and functional effects.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the existing technologies such as: in the prior art, the quick and long-acting fertilizer effect cannot be achieved, the functionality of the fertilizer is ensured, and the possibility of preventing the functional additive from weakening the synergistic effect is unknown.
The functional organic-inorganic fertilizer is characterized by comprising an inorganic material containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and an organic material containing quick-acting water-soluble organic matters and soil-improving functional organic matters; and inorganic materials and organic materials are mixed and added with functional disease-resistant growth-promoting probiotics and a slow release agent to form synergistic interaction.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
inorganic materials: 300 parts of urea 200-;
organic matter material: 50-100 parts of fulvic acid or amino acid, 300 parts of humic acid 200-plus and 5-20 parts of soil improvement organic matter;
slow release synergist: 5-30 parts of one or more of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, n-butyl thiophosphoric triamide, tetrachloropicolinic acid and pentachloropyridine;
adhesive: 5-30 parts of one or more of attapulgite, light calcium carbonate, diatomite, bentonite, magnesium oxide, carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl cellulose and guar gum or sodium alginate;
wrapping oil: 5-20 parts of a solvent;
and (3) probiotics: 1-5 parts of two or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, trichoderma viride, trichoderma harzianum.
Preferably, the inorganic material: 300 parts of urea, 150 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 120 parts of potassium sulfate and 30 parts of potassium chloride;
organic matter material: 50 parts of fulvic acid, 300 parts of humic acid and 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol;
slow release synergist: 5 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine;
adhesive: 5 parts of light calcium carbonate and 15 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose;
wrapping oil: 10 parts of (A);
and (3) probiotics: 1 part of bacillus subtilis and 1 part of trichoderma viride.
Preferably, the inorganic material: 250 parts of urea, 200 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 200 parts of potassium sulfate and 30 parts of potassium chloride;
organic matter material: 100 parts of fulvic acid, 300 parts of humic acid and 10 parts of soil improvement organic matter;
slow release synergist: 10 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine;
adhesive: 10 parts of bentonite and 5 parts of sodium alginate;
wrapping oil: 20 parts of (1);
and (3) probiotics: 2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of bacillus megaterium and 1 part of trichoderma viride.
Preferably, the inorganic material: 200 parts of urea, 150 parts of at least 1 of monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate and 250 parts of potassium sulfate;
organic matter material: 100 parts of amino acid, 200 parts of humic acid and 20 parts of polyethylene glycol;
slow release synergist: 30 parts of n-butyl thiophosphoric triamide;
adhesive: 5 parts of attapulgite;
wrapping oil: 20 parts of (1);
and (3) probiotics: 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of bacillus megatherium and 1 part of trichoderma viride.
Preferably, the humic acid content is 85% or more.
Preferably, the fulvic acid is a biodegradable, fully water-soluble, small molecule biochemical fulvic acid.
Preferably, the effective viable count of the probiotics is 200-1000 hundred million/g.
Preferably, the soil-modifying organic matter is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic emulsion, polyacrylamide or polyethylene glycol.
Preferably, the encapsulated oil is a vegetable oil that is mild to microorganisms.
Also discloses a preparation method of the functional organic and inorganic fertilizer, which adopts the material proportion and comprises the following preparation steps:
crushing: crushing the raw materials for later use;
weighing the ingredients: respectively weighing inorganic materials, organic materials, slow-release synergist and adhesive according to a formula, and preparing for granulation;
and (3) granulation: granulating the weighed materials by adopting a roller granulation method or a disc granulation method;
drying: drying the obtained granules until the water content is below 5%;
screening: screening the particles to obtain a semi-finished product with the particle diameter of 1.00-4.75 mm or 3.35-5.6 mm, and then cooling and coating;
cooling the film: and after the granules are cooled to below 45 ℃, coating the probiotics and the coating oil which are premixed according to the formula to obtain a finished product.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a functional organic and inorganic fertilizer which comprises the following components in parts by weight: inorganic materials: 300 parts of urea 200-; organic matter material: 50-100 parts of fulvic acid or amino acid, 300 parts of humic acid 200-plus and 5-20 parts of soil improvement organic matter; slow release synergist: 5-30 parts of one or more of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, n-butyl thiophosphoric triamide, tetrachloropicolinic acid and pentachloropyridine; adhesive: 5-30 parts of one or more of attapulgite, light calcium carbonate, diatomite, bentonite, magnesium oxide, carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl cellulose and guar gum or sodium alginate; wrapping oil: 5-20 parts of a solvent; and (3) probiotics: 1-5 parts of two or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, trichoderma viride, trichoderma harzianum. Quick-acting water-soluble organic matters are particularly added, so that the nutrients can be quickly utilized by plants; meanwhile, the release of inorganic nutrients is controlled by a slow release agent and a coating technology, so that the nutrients slowly enter a plant rhizosphere microenvironment and are combined with organic matters, and the long-acting utilization of the fertilizer is ensured; by adding soil-improving organic matters and organic fertilizers, the soil quality can be obviously improved, the soil granular structure and the plant rhizosphere soil micro-ecological environment are increased, the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil is improved, the fertilizer utilization rate is improved, the nutrient volatilization and loss are reduced, and the soil non-point source pollution is prevented; by combining with the added functional microorganisms, the beneficial microorganism population of the rhizosphere of the plant can be optimized, the disease and stress resistance can be inhibited, the soil-borne diseases can be prevented and treated, and the stress and disease resistance capability of the plant can be improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "suspended", and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Some embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
In order to more clearly express the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to examples.
The existing fertilization mainly comprises inorganic fertilizers, and the application amount of organic fertilizers is less, so that the soil quality is reduced, and the fertilizer utilization rate is reduced; in addition, the preparation method is also simple to carry out mixing granulation, only the effect of reducing the labor for fertilization can be achieved, and the synergistic effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers is considered; the effect of quick acting and long acting is difficult to achieve under the action of only organic and inorganic materials by simple weighing and mixing, and on the contrary, the phenomena of insignificant early fertilizer effect and serious later-stage fertilizer release are caused by less inorganic nutrients in the organic and inorganic fertilizer compared with the conventional inorganic compound fertilizer. Based on the above, the invention further elaborately adjusts the proportion of inorganic nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and the proportion of organic matters, adds quick-acting water-soluble organic matters, soil improvement functional organic matters and the like into the organic matters, and particularly adds functional disease-resistant growth-promoting probiotics and slow release agents, thereby realizing synergistic effect, greatly reducing the release peak value of nutrients, inhibiting the volatilization and spraying of the nutrients, having both quick-acting and long-acting effects and high nutrient utilization rate, and simultaneously being capable of fertilizing the soil, improving the soil quality, reducing the emission of ammonia nitrogen and improving the disease resistance and inhibition capability of plants. The functional organic and inorganic fertilizer of the invention and the preparation method thereof are as follows.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the materials were pulverized for use, and inorganic materials were weighed in parts by weight: 300 parts of urea, 150 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 120 parts of potassium sulfate and 30 parts of potassium chloride;
organic materials: 50 parts of fulvic acid, 300 parts of humic acid and 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol;
slow release synergist: 5 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine;
adhesive: 5 parts of light calcium carbonate and 15 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose;
wrapping oil: 10 parts of wrapping oil, namely mild vegetable oil with microorganisms;
and (3) probiotics: 1 part of bacillus subtilis and 1 part of trichoderma viride.
Then, proportioning and metering: respectively weighing inorganic materials, organic materials, slow-release synergist and adhesive according to a formula, and preparing for granulation;
and (3) granulation: and granulating the weighed materials by a roller granulation method or a disc granulation method.
Drying: and drying the water content of the granules output by the granulator to 5%.
Screening: screening the granules to obtain a semi-finished product with the diameter of 1.00-4.75 mm or 3.35-5.6 mm, and then cooling and coating.
Cooling and coating: and after the particles are cooled to 45 ℃, coating the probiotics and the coating oil which are premixed according to the formula to obtain the sample of the embodiment 1.
Example 2
All materials are crushed for standby, and inorganic materials are weighed according to parts by weight: 250 parts of urea, 200 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 200 parts of potassium sulfate and 30 parts of potassium chloride;
organic materials: 100 parts of fulvic acid, 300 parts of humic acid and 10 parts of soil improvement organic matter;
slow release synergist: 10 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine;
adhesive: 10 parts of bentonite and 5 parts of sodium alginate;
wrapping oil: 20 parts of wrapping oil, namely mild vegetable oil with microorganisms;
and (3) probiotics: 2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of bacillus megaterium and 1 part of trichoderma viride.
Then, proportioning and metering: respectively weighing inorganic materials, organic materials, slow-release synergist and adhesive according to a formula, and preparing for granulation;
and (3) granulation: and granulating the weighed materials by a roller granulation method or a disc granulation method.
Drying: and drying the water content of the granules output by the granulator to 4%.
Screening: screening the granules to obtain a semi-finished product with the diameter of 1.00-4.75 mm or 3.35-5.6 mm, and then cooling and coating.
Cooling and coating: and (3) after the particles are cooled to 40 ℃, coating the probiotics and the coating oil which are premixed according to the formula, and obtaining the sample of the embodiment 2.
Example 3
All materials are crushed for standby, and inorganic materials are weighed according to parts by weight: 200 parts of urea, 150 parts of at least 1 of monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate and 250 parts of potassium sulfate;
organic materials: 100 parts of amino acid, 200 parts of humic acid and 20 parts of polyethylene glycol;
slow release synergist: 30 parts of n-butyl thiophosphoric triamide;
adhesive: 5 parts of attapulgite;
wrapping oil: 20 parts of wrapping oil, namely mild vegetable oil with microorganisms;
and (3) probiotics: 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of bacillus megatherium and 1 part of trichoderma viride.
Then, proportioning and metering: respectively weighing inorganic materials, organic materials, slow-release synergist and adhesive according to a formula, and preparing for granulation;
and (3) granulation: and granulating the weighed materials by a roller granulation method or a disc granulation method.
Drying: and drying the water content of the granules output by the granulator to 4%.
Screening: screening the granules to obtain a semi-finished product with the diameter of 1.00-4.75 mm or 3.35-5.6 mm, and then cooling and coating.
Cooling and coating: and (3) after the particles are cooled to 45 ℃, coating the probiotics and the coating oil which are premixed according to the formula, and obtaining the sample of the embodiment 3.
Aiming at the three samples obtained above, adding a comparative example to compare the effects in all aspects; the method comprises the steps of adding four comparison groups of a fertilization-free group and a comparison example 1-a comparison example 4, wherein the fertilization-free group is a fertilization-free group in the whole growth period of a residential area, the comparison example 1 is a conventional 15-10-10 inorganic compound fertilizer, the comparison example 2 is a common 15-10-10 organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, the comparison example 3 is the same as the example 2 except for 10% of inorganic nutrients and 40% of organic matters, and the comparison example 4 is the same as the example 2 except that the inorganic nutrients are 45% and the organic matters are 5%; during the test, the fertilizing amount of the other treatments is equal except for the group without fertilization.
(1) Comparison of quick-acting and long-acting directions, see table 1;
TABLE 1
As shown in Table 1, the fresh weight of the soil 10 days after the application of the Shanghai green fertilizer treated by the fertilizer of the embodiment is increased by 9.07 percent compared with that of the fresh weight treated by the fertilizer without the application of the fertilizer, and the difference from the comparative example is small, thus the quick acting property of the fertilizer is embodied; the fresh weight on the ground of the Shanghai green treated by the fertilizer of the embodiment is increased by 52.78 percent compared with that of the Shanghai green treated by no fertilizer, and is increased by 24.84 percent compared with the comparative example, thus representing the long-acting property of the fertilizer of the invention.
(2) The synergistic direction is compared and shown in table 2;
TABLE 2
As shown in Table 2, the utilization rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers of the Shanghai green treated by applying the fertilizers of the examples are respectively improved by 10, 7.5 and 12 percentage points compared with the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers of the water spinach treated by applying the fertilizers of the comparative examples, and are respectively increased by 43.16%, 63.27% and 36.41%, which fully shows that the fertilizer has the effects of improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer, losing weight and enhancing the effect. In common knowledge, the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients in the fertilizer can be improved by 10-20% by using an organic-inorganic fertilizer. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is also adopted in the comparative example, but the synergistic effect of the embodiment is more prominent than that of the comparative example, so that the proportion of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is not obtained by simple inference; meanwhile, when other functional materials are added, the mutual influence between the functional materials and the organic and inorganic fertilizers needs to be considered, and the technical effect of the invention is much higher than that of a comparative example under the condition that the prior art can not be referred to, which is unexpected for a person skilled in the art.
(3) The soil quality improvement is shown in table 3;
TABLE 3 Effect of different fertilisation treatments on soil bulk density
As shown in Table 3, the bulk weight of the soil treated with the fertilizer of the example was the lowest, which was reduced by 6.61% and 5.08% compared to the soil treated with no fertilizer and the soil treated with the fertilizer of the comparative example, respectively. The fertilizer has the functions of improving soil, improving soil porosity, and preserving water and fertilizer.
(4) The stress resistance and disease resistance directions are compared and shown in a table 4;
TABLE 4 Effect of different treatments on Potato disease resistance
As shown in Table 4, the potatoes treated with the example fertilizers had the best resistance to epidemic disease with disease indices that were reduced by 59.13% and 53.15% as compared to the potatoes treated with no fertilizer and the potatoes treated with the comparative fertilizer, respectively; the control effect is increased by 364.21% compared with the control fertilizer applied to potatoes, which shows that the fertilizer has better disease inhibiting function.
(5) The stress resistance directions are compared and shown in a table 5;
table 5 simulates the effect of different treatments on Shanghai Qing under drought conditions
As shown in table 5, the shanghai stress resistance of the fertilizer treatment of the example was the strongest, and its POD increased 40.97% and 31.08% over the shanghai green treated with no fertilizer treatment and the fertilizer treatment of the comparative example, respectively; the MDA content is reduced by 19.36 percent and 18.92 percent respectively compared with the Shanghai Qing treated by no fertilization and the Shanghai Qing treated by the comparative fertilizer.
(6) The nutritional quality direction is compared in table 6;
as shown in table 6, the yield and quality of the shanghai green treated with the fertilizer of the example was the best, and the yield was increased by 56.09% and 27.37% respectively compared to the shanghai green treated with no fertilizer and the fertilizer of the comparative example; the protein content of the Chinese cabbage is increased by 33.98 percent and 16.60 percent respectively compared with that of the Chinese cabbage subjected to no fertilization treatment and the Chinese cabbage subjected to the application of the comparative fertilizer; the soluble sugar content was increased by 21.53% and 18.28% respectively compared to the Shanghai green treated with no fertilizer and the control fertilizer.
In the setting of the comparative experiment process, organic matters with soil improvement function and the like are also added in the comparative examples 3 and 4, and functional disease-resistant growth-promoting probiotics are particularly added; the corresponding functions of the compound can be directly inferred, but can be seen from various data of examples 1-3 compared with comparative examples 3 and 4; the effects achieved by the examples are very obvious and are obviously better than those of comparative example 3 and comparative example 4, so that the formula and the preparation method of the invention achieve excellent synergistic effect. According to the inorganic and organic content ratio, on one hand, under the coordination of organic matters, the utilization rate of inorganic nutrient ingredients is increased, so that under the condition that the content of inorganic nutrients is lower than that of conventional inorganic fertilizers, the nutrient requirement of crops can be ensured, the loss of nutrients is reduced, and the pollution and the cost are reduced; in addition, the organic matter content in the scheme is medium, and the effect of improving the soil can be achieved on the basis of achieving the synergistic improvement of the utilization rate of the inorganic nutrient fertilizer. In addition, quick-acting water-soluble organic matters are particularly added, so that the nutrients can be quickly utilized by plants; meanwhile, the release of inorganic nutrients is controlled by a slow release agent and a coating technology, so that the nutrients slowly enter a plant rhizosphere microenvironment and are combined with organic matters, and the long-acting utilization of the fertilizer is ensured; by adding soil-improving organic matters and organic fertilizers, the soil quality can be obviously improved, the soil granular structure and the plant rhizosphere soil micro-ecological environment are increased, the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil is improved, the fertilizer utilization rate is improved, the nutrient volatilization and loss are reduced, and the soil non-point source pollution is prevented; by combining with the added functional microorganisms, the beneficial microorganism population of the rhizosphere of the plant can be optimized, the disease and stress resistance can be inhibited, the soil-borne diseases can be prevented and treated, and the stress and disease resistance capability of the plant can be improved.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) quick acting, long acting and synergistic. The organic and inorganic nutrients are reasonable in proportion, and quick-acting water-soluble organic matters are particularly added, so that the nutrients can be quickly utilized by plants; meanwhile, the release of inorganic nutrients is controlled by a slow release agent and a coating technology, so that the nutrients slowly enter a plant rhizosphere microenvironment and are combined with organic matters, and the long-acting utilization of the fertilizer is ensured;
(2) by adding soil-improving organic matters and organic fertilizers, the soil quality can be obviously improved, and the soil aggregate structure and the plant rhizosphere soil micro-ecological environment are increased;
(3) the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil is improved, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved, the volatilization and loss of nutrients are reduced, and the soil non-point source pollution is prevented and treated;
(4) by combining with the added functional microorganisms, the beneficial microorganism population of the rhizosphere of the plant can be optimized, the disease and stress resistance can be inhibited, the soil-borne diseases can be prevented and treated, and the stress and disease resistance capability of the plant can be improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
The above disclosure is only for a few specific embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A functional organic-inorganic fertilizer is characterized by comprising an inorganic material containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and an organic material containing quick-acting water-soluble organic matters and soil-improving functional organic matters; and inorganic materials and organic materials are mixed and added with functional disease-resistant growth-promoting probiotics and a slow release agent to form the synergistic fertilizer.
2. The functional organic-inorganic fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
inorganic materials: 300 parts of urea 200-;
organic matter material: 50-100 parts of fulvic acid or amino acid, 300 parts of humic acid 200-plus and 5-20 parts of soil improvement organic matter;
slow release synergist: 5-30 parts of one or more of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, n-butyl thiophosphoric triamide, tetrachloropicolinic acid and pentachloropyridine;
adhesive: 5-30 parts of one or more of attapulgite, light calcium carbonate, diatomite, bentonite, magnesium oxide, carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl cellulose and guar gum or sodium alginate;
wrapping oil: 5-20 parts of a solvent;
and (3) probiotics: 1-5 parts of two or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, trichoderma viride, trichoderma harzianum.
3. The functional organic-inorganic fertilizer according to claim 2,
inorganic materials: 300 parts of urea, 150 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 120 parts of potassium sulfate and 30 parts of potassium chloride;
organic matter material: 50 parts of fulvic acid, 300 parts of humic acid and 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol;
slow release synergist: 5 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine;
adhesive: 5 parts of light calcium carbonate and 15 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose;
wrapping oil: 10 parts of (A);
and (3) probiotics: 1 part of bacillus subtilis and 1 part of trichoderma viride.
4. The functional organic-inorganic fertilizer according to claim 2,
inorganic materials: 250 parts of urea, 200 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 200 parts of potassium sulfate and 30 parts of potassium chloride;
organic matter material: 100 parts of fulvic acid, 300 parts of humic acid and 10 parts of soil improvement organic matter;
slow release synergist: 10 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine;
adhesive: 10 parts of bentonite and 5 parts of sodium alginate;
wrapping oil: 20 parts of (1);
and (3) probiotics: 2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of bacillus megaterium and 1 part of trichoderma viride.
5. The functional organic-inorganic fertilizer according to claim 2,
inorganic materials: 200 parts of urea, 150 parts of at least 1 of monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate and 250 parts of potassium sulfate;
organic matter material: 100 parts of amino acid, 200 parts of humic acid and 20 parts of polyethylene glycol;
slow release synergist: 30 parts of n-butyl thiophosphoric triamide;
adhesive: 5 parts of attapulgite;
wrapping oil: 20 parts of (1);
and (3) probiotics: 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of bacillus megatherium and 1 part of trichoderma viride.
6. A functional organic-inorganic fertilizer according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the content of humic acid is 85% or more.
7. The functional organic-inorganic fertilizer according to claim 6, wherein the fulvic acid is a biodegradable, fully water-soluble, small molecule biochemical fulvic acid; the effective viable count of the probiotics is 200-1000 hundred million/g.
8. The functional organic-inorganic fertilizer according to claim 6, wherein the soil-modifying organic substance is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid emulsion, polyacrylamide or polyethylene glycol.
9. The functional organic-inorganic fertilizer according to claim 6, wherein the coating oil is a vegetable oil that is mild to microorganisms.
10. A preparation method of a functional organic-inorganic fertilizer by adopting the material ratio of any one of claims 1 to 9 is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
crushing: crushing the raw materials for later use;
weighing the ingredients: respectively weighing inorganic materials, organic materials, slow-release synergist and adhesive according to a formula, and preparing for granulation;
and (3) granulation: granulating the weighed materials by adopting a roller granulation method or a disc granulation method;
drying: drying the obtained granules until the water content is below 4-5%;
screening: screening the particles to obtain a semi-finished product with the particle diameter of 1.00-4.75 mm or 3.35-5.6 mm, and then cooling and coating;
cooling the film: and after the granules are cooled to below 40-45 ℃, coating the probiotics and the coating oil which are premixed according to the formula to obtain a finished product.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114044715A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-02-15 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Preparation method of compound fertilizer and compound fertilizer |
| CN114804965A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-07-29 | 湖北燕金生态农业发展有限公司 | Organic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN115093288A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-09-23 | 青岛科光生物技术有限公司 | Alginic acid water-retention slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107759315A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-03-06 | 华南农业大学 | Method and application with agricultural wastes synergy ammoniated superphosphate production moderate-element coated fertilizer |
| CN109503274A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-03-22 | 中国-阿拉伯化肥有限公司 | A kind of bacteria agent synergy inorganic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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2021
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| CN107759315A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-03-06 | 华南农业大学 | Method and application with agricultural wastes synergy ammoniated superphosphate production moderate-element coated fertilizer |
| CN109503274A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-03-22 | 中国-阿拉伯化肥有限公司 | A kind of bacteria agent synergy inorganic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114044715A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-02-15 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Preparation method of compound fertilizer and compound fertilizer |
| CN114804965A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-07-29 | 湖北燕金生态农业发展有限公司 | Organic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN115093288A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-09-23 | 青岛科光生物技术有限公司 | Alginic acid water-retention slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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