CN114773630B - 一种光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶及其制备方法与应用,所述方法包括:通过3,4‑二羟基苯甲酸对壳聚糖改性,获得具有邻苯二酚基团的壳聚糖CHI‑C;获得聚多巴胺纳米粒子Dpa NPs分散液;将所述CHI‑C和所述Dpa NPs分散液和β‑甘油磷酸钠水溶液混匀,在生理温度下,1分钟内形成负载聚多巴胺纳米粒子的邻苯二酚改性壳聚糖/β‑甘油磷酸钠水凝胶,即Dpa‑CHI‑C/β‑GP。本发明通过在水凝胶基质上接邻苯二酚基团,并负载光热纳米材料,既能使水凝胶能够很好地贴合皮肤,又能避免使用杀菌剂产生的生物毒性,从而促进伤口的快速愈合。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医用材料技术领域,特别涉及一种光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
皮肤是人体最大的器官,在保护内部器官免受外力、紫外线、微生物和其他因素影响方面起着重要作用。目前最常用的纱布敷料以棉花材料居多,可以用于感染伤口的包扎和保护。但在更换伤口敷料时,可能会与伤口床粘连,使伤口反复裂开,延缓伤口愈合的过程,使其无法满足湿性伤口愈合的要求。水凝胶是由亲水性聚合物制成的交联聚合物网络,可以吸收和保留高含量的水,同时保持其三维完整性。水凝胶作为伤口愈合敷料时,能够对干燥的伤口主动补水,维持湿性愈合条件,并且不粘连伤口。其中,温敏性水凝胶具有对温度变化的响应能力和引起溶胶-凝胶转变的能力。低于较低临界溶液温度(LCST)的自由流动液体,在LCST以上经历溶胶-凝胶转变。人的生理温度约为37℃,若能在伤口表面发生溶胶-凝胶转变,可以使水凝胶具有能够适应各种伤口形状的特点。
水凝胶具有大量水通常使其缺乏粘附性,容易从皮肤上脱落,需要辅助其他材料将水凝胶进行固定在伤口处,使用不便且不利于伤口愈合。并且细菌感染是伤口愈合过程中很常见的困难之一。目前许多使用银纳米粒子作为抗菌剂,然而其生物毒性问题至今尚未得到解决。
因此,为了解决上述技术问题,有必要开发出一种快速原位制备、光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶及其制备方法与应用,该水凝胶既能固定在伤口处,又不粘连伤口;且具有光热杀菌的特性。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
在本发明的第一方面,提供了一种光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶的制备方法,所述方法包括:
通过3,4-二羟基苯甲酸对壳聚糖改性,获得具有邻苯二酚基团的壳聚糖CHI-C;
获得聚多巴胺纳米粒子Dpa NPs分散液;
将所述CHI-C和所述Dpa NPs分散液和β-甘油磷酸钠水溶液混匀,短时间(1分钟内)、生理温度下形成负载聚多巴胺纳米粒子的邻苯二酚改性壳聚糖/β-甘油磷酸钠水凝胶,即Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP。
进一步地,所述通过3,4-二羟基苯甲酸对壳聚糖改性,获得具有邻苯二酚基团的壳聚糖CHI-C,包括:
将壳聚糖溶于盐酸水溶液中,获得壳聚糖溶液;
将3,4-二羟基苯甲酸、EDC和NHS溶于盐酸水溶液和无水乙醇的混合溶液中,后加入到所述壳聚糖溶液中并调节pH为4.5~5.5进行反应,经透析和冷冻干燥,获得具有邻苯二酚基团的壳聚糖CHI-C。
更进一步地,所述盐酸水溶液的浓度为0.05~0.2M,所述壳聚糖溶液中所述壳聚糖与所述盐酸水溶液的质量体积比为0.5~1.5g/mL。
更进一步地,所述壳聚糖和所述3,4-二羟基苯甲酸的摩尔比为(1.5~5):1。
进一步地,所述获得聚多巴胺纳米粒子Dpa NPs分散液,包括:
将乙醇、去离子水和氨水混匀获得微乳液;
将多巴胺溶液加入到所述微乳液中反应,后离心,并分散在去离子水中,获得聚多巴胺纳米粒子Dpa NPs分散液。
更进一步地,所述乙醇、去离子水和氨水的体积比为(6~10):(16~20):1。
更进一步地,所述多巴胺溶液的浓度为45~55mg/ml;所述离心前加入所述微乳液的体积的三倍体积量的乙醇。
进一步地,所述Dpa NPs分散液的浓度为0.3~0.6mg/ml;所述CHI-C在所述DpaNPs分散液中的质量分数为1~3%;所述β-甘油磷酸钠水溶液的质量分数为30~55%。
在本发明的第二方面,提供了一种所述的方法获得的快速、原位制备的光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶。
在本发明的第三方面,提供了所述光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶在光热杀菌或作为原位制备不规则伤口敷料的原料中的应用。
本发明实施例中的一个或多个技术方案,至少具有如下技术效果或优点:
本发明提供的一种光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶及其制备方法与应用,通过在水凝胶基质上接邻苯二酚基团,并负载光热纳米材料,既能使水凝胶能够很好地贴合皮肤,又能避免使用杀菌剂产生的生物毒性,从而促进伤口的快速愈合;具体地:
(1)邻苯二酚基团改性壳聚糖,赋予水凝胶较好的粘附性,使水凝胶能够紧密地贴合在伤口处;
(2)壳聚糖和β-甘油磷酸钠在生理温度下发生溶胶-凝胶转变,当凝胶前的液体滴在伤口处,随着体温加热自发形成水凝胶,这一特性使水凝胶能够适应各种不规则的伤口;
(3)该水凝胶敷料负载了聚多巴胺纳米材料,使水凝胶具有光热杀菌的能力,避免了使用杀菌剂产生的生物毒性,又能达到良好的杀菌效果,从而加速伤口愈合的过程。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1是Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP水凝胶的制备及应用示意图;
图2是CHI-C和CS的紫外吸收图谱;
图3是Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP水凝胶的粘附性照片;
图4是Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP水凝胶的光热升温曲线(808nm,2W/cm2);
图5是Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP水凝胶的光热抗菌能力的图片。
具体实施方式
下文将结合具体实施方式和实施例,具体阐述本发明,本发明的优点和各种效果将由此更加清楚地呈现。本领域技术人员应理解,这些具体实施方式和实施例是用于说明本发明,而非限制本发明。
在整个说明书中,除非另有特别说明,本文使用的术语应理解为如本领域中通常所使用的含义。因此,除非另有定义,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属领域技术人员的一般理解相同的含义。若存在矛盾,本说明书优先。
除非另有特别说明,本发明中用到的各种原材料、试剂、仪器和设备等,均可通过市场购买获得或者可通过现有方法获得。本发明的步骤S1、S2、S3……不代表严格的顺序关系,可根据需要适当调整顺序。
本申请实施例的技术方案为解决上述技术问题,总体思路如下:
根据本发明一种典型的实施方式,提供了一种光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶的制备方法,所述方法包括:
步骤S1、通过3,4-二羟基苯甲酸对壳聚糖改性,获得具有邻苯二酚基团的壳聚糖CHI-C;
所述步骤S1具体包括:
将壳聚糖溶于盐酸水溶液中,获得壳聚糖溶液;
将3,4-二羟基苯甲酸、EDC和NHS溶于盐酸水溶液和无水乙醇的混合溶液中,后加入到所述壳聚糖溶液中并调节pH为4.5~5.5进行反应,经透析和冷冻干燥,获得具有邻苯二酚基团的壳聚糖CHI-C。
所述盐酸水溶液的浓度为0.05~0.2M,所述壳聚糖溶液中所述壳聚糖与所述盐酸水溶液的质量体积比为0.5~1.5g/mL。
所述壳聚糖和所述3,4-二羟基苯甲酸的摩尔比为(1.5~5):1;所述3,4-二羟基苯甲酸、EDC、NHS的质量比为(20~28):(120~130):(30~40);所述混合溶液中,所述盐酸水溶液和无水乙醇的体积比、水和无水乙醇的体积比为1:1。
步骤S2、获得聚多巴胺纳米粒子Dpa NPs分散液;
所述步骤S2,具体包括:
将乙醇、去离子水和氨水混匀获得微乳液;
将多巴胺溶液加入到所述微乳液中反应,后离心,并分散在去离子水中,获得聚多巴胺纳米粒子Dpa NPs分散液。
所述乙醇、去离子水和氨水的体积比为(6~10):(16~20):1。
所述多巴胺溶液的浓度为45~55mg/ml;所述浓度若过小不利于聚多巴胺纳米材料的光热性能,若过大不利于聚多巴胺纳米材料均匀分散。
所述离心前加入总反应液量的三倍量乙醇。
步骤S3、将所述CHI-C和所述Dpa NPs分散液和β-甘油磷酸钠水溶液混匀,形成负载聚多巴胺纳米粒子的邻苯二酚改性壳聚糖/β-甘油磷酸钠水凝胶,即Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP。
所述步骤S3中,
所述Dpa NPs分散液的浓度为0.3~0.6mg/ml;所述浓度若过小不利于达到光热杀菌的效果,若过大,则光热过程中温度过高损伤正常组织。
所述CHI-C在所述Dpa NPs分散液中的质量分数为1~3%;所述CHI-C若添加过多不利于CHI-C溶解,若添加过少不利于形成水凝胶。
所述β-甘油磷酸钠水溶液的质量分数为30~55%。所述浓度若过小不利于水凝胶具有良好的机械性能,若过大不利于形成水凝胶。
本发明利用壳聚糖和3,4-二羟基苯甲酸进行氨基化反应,使壳聚糖含有的氨基接上邻苯二酚基团;壳聚糖中多余的氨基与β-GP由于氢键增强、静电吸引和疏水相互作用,当温度高于37℃时,在1分钟内发生溶胶-凝胶相变;在上述水凝胶中加入Dpa NPs。所述材料中,Dpa纳米材料具有光热性能,能够产生杀菌作用,水凝胶具有粘附伤口的作用,可达到协同促进伤口愈合的目的。
根据本发明另一种典型的实施方式,提供了所述的方法获得的光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶。既能使水凝胶能够很好地贴合皮肤,又能避免使用杀菌剂产生的生物毒性,从而促进伤口的快速愈合。
根据本发明另一种典型的实施方式,提供了所述的光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶在光热杀菌或作为原位制备不规则伤口敷料的原料中的应用。
下面将结合实施例、对比例及实验数据对本申请的一种光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶及其制备方法与应用进行详细说明。
实施例1
1、CHI-C的制备
0.5g壳聚糖溶于50ml的0.1M盐酸水溶液中,搅拌溶解后,称取0.24g 3,4-二羟基苯甲酸、1.24g EDC、0.37g NHS溶于25ml盐酸水溶液和无水乙醇(1:1,v/v)混合溶液,加入到上述壳聚糖溶液,调节溶液pH为5.0,室温搅拌12h。得到粗产物在pH为5的盐酸水溶液中透析2天,冷冻干燥后密封保存。CHI-C和CS的紫外吸收图谱如图2所示,表明成功制备得到CHI-C。
2、Dpa NPs的制备
将8mL乙醇、18mL去离子水和1mL氨水在30℃下搅拌30分钟后,将0.1g多巴胺溶于2ml去离子水中,并加入到上述微乳液中。反应24小时后,反应液加入三倍量乙醇,10000rpm、20min离心一次,得到Dpa NPs,并分散在去离子水中。
3、Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP水凝胶的制备
将0.05g CHI-C溶解于2.5ml Dpa NPs分散液(0.4mg/ml)中。称取0.25gβ-GP溶于0.5ml水中,将β-GP溶液缓慢滴加入上述分散液。搅拌均匀后,置于37℃下,约90s后形成水凝胶。
实验例1
1、Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP水凝胶的粘附性测定
测定实施例1制备得到的负载聚多巴胺纳米粒子的邻苯二酚改性壳聚糖/β-甘油磷酸钠水凝胶,即Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP的粘附性,具体方法为:将制备的Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP水凝胶贴合在手上,倒置一段时间水凝胶不掉落。
结果如图3所示,由图3可知,水凝胶具有较好的粘附性,能够紧密地贴合在伤口处。
2、Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP水凝胶的光热效应
取浓度分别为0.4mg/mL,体积为1.5mL的Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP水凝胶,使用功率为2W/cm2的808nm激光照射10min,每30s记录一次温度(10min内)。绘制Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP水凝胶温度-时间的升温曲线。结果如图4所示;
由图4可知,在2W/cm2、808nm的激光照射下,Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP水凝胶在10min内能升高约30℃,具有良好的光热效果。
3、Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP水凝胶抗菌实验
制备相同大小的水凝胶块置于样品瓶中。然后滴加100μL菌悬液(106CFU/mL)到每个水凝胶表面,用近红外激光(808nm,2.0W/cm2)照射水凝胶10分钟。照射后,每孔加入1mL无菌PBS重悬存活菌。然后加入100ul重悬菌液于平板中,37℃孵育18~24h,观察平板菌落数。结果如图5所示;
由图5可知,Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP水凝胶在近红外激光照射后,具有良好的杀菌效果。
最后,还需要说明的是,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例,但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念,则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以,所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
Claims (6)
1.一种光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
通过3,4-二羟基苯甲酸对壳聚糖改性,获得具有邻苯二酚基团的壳聚糖CHI-C;
获得聚多巴胺纳米粒子Dpa NPs分散液;具体包括:将乙醇、去离子水和氨水混匀获得微乳液;将多巴胺溶液加入到所述微乳液中反应,后离心,并分散在去离子水中,获得聚多巴胺纳米粒子Dpa NPs分散液,所述乙醇、去离子水和氨水的体积比为(6~10):(16~20):1,所述多巴胺溶液的浓度为45~55 mg/ml;
将CHI-C溶解于Dpa NPs分散液中,后滴加β-甘油磷酸钠水溶液混匀,形成负载聚多巴胺纳米粒子的邻苯二酚改性壳聚糖/β-甘油磷酸钠水凝胶,即Dpa-CHI-C/β-GP;
所述Dpa NPs分散液的浓度为0.3~0.6mg/ml;所述CHI-C在所述Dpa NPs分散液中的质量分数为1~3%;所述β-甘油磷酸钠水溶液的质量分数为30~55%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述通过3,4-二羟基苯甲酸对壳聚糖改性,获得具有邻苯二酚基团的壳聚糖CHI-C,包括:
将壳聚糖溶于盐酸水溶液中,获得壳聚糖溶液;
将3,4-二羟基苯甲酸、EDC和NHS溶于盐酸水溶液和无水乙醇的混合溶液中,后加入到所述壳聚糖溶液中并调节pH为4.5~5.5进行反应,经透析和冷冻干燥,获得具有邻苯二酚基团的壳聚糖CHI-C。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述盐酸水溶液的浓度为0.05~0.2M,所述壳聚糖溶液中所述壳聚糖与所述盐酸水溶液的质量体积比为0.5~1.5 g/mL。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述壳聚糖和所述3,4-二羟基苯甲酸的摩尔比为(1.5~5):1。
5.一种采用权利要求1-4任一项所述方法制备得到的光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶。
6.一种权利要求5所述的光热杀菌的粘附性水凝胶在制备不规则伤口敷料中的应用。
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