CN114766670A - 具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品配方 - Google Patents

具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品配方 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114766670A
CN114766670A CN202210539812.8A CN202210539812A CN114766670A CN 114766670 A CN114766670 A CN 114766670A CN 202210539812 A CN202210539812 A CN 202210539812A CN 114766670 A CN114766670 A CN 114766670A
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sleep
food
lactobacillus
special dietary
raw materials
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王民珏
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Individual
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
    • A21D—TREATMENT, e.g. PRESERVATION, OF FLOUR OR DOUGH, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS; PRESERVATION THEREOF
    • A21D13/00—Finished or partly finished bakery products
    • A21D13/06—Products with modified nutritive value, e.g. with modified starch content
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
    • A23C9/1522—Inorganic additives, e.g. minerals, trace elements; Chlorination or fluoridation of milk; Organic salts or complexes of metals other than natrium or kalium; Calcium enrichment of milk
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
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Abstract

本发明公开了具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品配方，主要涉及特殊膳食食品及应用领域。包括药食同源提取物、新食品原料以及营养强化剂制成的食品；所述药食同源提取物包括炒制酸枣仁提取物、人参提取物；所述新食品原料包括L‑茶氨酸、GABA(γ‑氨基丁酸)。本发明的有益效果在于：通过选用道地药食同源材料加以提取提纯，配合新食品原料的特性，辅以营养强化剂的科学搭配，制作方便，有利于推广应用，且各原料之间相辅相成，能从长期、根本角度解决失眠、入睡困难带来的不利影响。

Description

具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品配方
技术领域
本发明涉及特殊膳食食品及应用领域，具体是具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品配方。
背景技术
睡眠是健康之本，良好且充足的睡眠有利于机体能量蓄积、大脑功能维护和人体免疫力改善等，改善睡眠对于维护人体健康和提高生活质量至关重要。目前针对失眠，入睡困难等症状，精神类药品如苯二氮卓类及非苯二氮卓类精神类药品虽疗效明显，但副作用如戒断反应强烈，成瘾性强等副作用显著且远期效果不理想；根据中医的基本理论，近年来人们相继申请了一批具有助眠作用的中医药方面的专利，例如具有助眠作用的中药组合物(专利申请号202110032699.X，201811192779.6)、药食同源物质组合物(专利申请号201811277847.9)、固体饮料(专利申请号202110542480.4)、龟苓膏(专利申请号202011455552.3)和红糖(专利申请202011195918.8)等。但是，上述研究成果和专利大部分属于中药范畴，即使标注为食品形式的固体饮料、龟苓膏和红糖，其原料内也含有超出药食同源和新食品原料的中药成分范围，因此在推广过程中必将受到剂型和法律法规的限制。
若单纯依赖天然药食同源资源提取物作为改善睡眠障碍的原材料，却存在效果不显著，疗效体感呈现慢等显著不足，与当代快节奏生活，用户渴求积极疗效的需求不匹配；若单纯依赖新食品原料，短时间内效果满意，但呈现出“治标不治本”的特点，无法从长期、根本角度解决失眠、入睡困难带来的不利影响。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品配方，它通过选用道地药食同源材料加以提取提纯，配合新食品原料的特性，辅以营养强化剂的科学搭配，制作方便，有利于推广应用，且各原料之间相辅相成，能从长期、根本角度解决失眠、入睡困难带来的不利影响。
本发明为实现上述目的，通过以下技术方案实现：
具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品配方，包括药食同源提取物、新食品原料以及营养强化剂制成的食品；
所述药食同源提取物包括炒制酸枣仁提取物、人参提取物；
所述新食品原料包括L-茶氨酸、GABA(γ-氨基丁酸)。
进一步的，所述营养强化剂包括L-色氨酸，L-蛋氨酸，酪蛋白水解肽，维生素B族，维生素C，甘氨酸锌，氯化镁，甘氨酸钙。
进一步的，还包括食品原料。
进一步的，所述食品原料包括复合益生菌。
进一步的，所述复合益生菌包括植物乳杆菌，嗜热链球菌，罗伊氏乳杆菌短乳杆菌，格氏乳杆菌，发酵乳杆菌，发酵乳杆菌，鼠李糖乳酸杆菌，长双歧杆菌，短双歧杆菌，瑞士乳杆菌，婴儿双歧杆菌，动物双歧杆菌，约氏乳杆菌，嗜酸乳杆菌等。
进一步的，所述人参提取物包括Rg5、Rk1。
进一步的，所述食品包括泡腾片、软糖、果冻、饼干、固体饮料、压片糖果、液体饮料及乳制品。
对比现有技术，本发明的有益效果在于：
本发明成分利用药食同源药材提取物、新食品原料、食品营养强化剂的科学搭配，以中医理论为指导，以现代科学研究为依据，通过选用道地药材加以提取提纯，配合新食品原料的特性，辅以营养强化剂的科学搭配，制备的一种具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品，具有明显改善失眠症状、神经系统紊乱、以及由失眠导致的身心症状的作用，能够预防失眠所导致的精神紧张、抑郁等症状，同时促进因失眠导致的疲劳的快速恢复，迅速和持久地改善睡眠症状，且成分安全，易于生产制造和推广应用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所限定的范围。
近年来，伴随时代的更新迭代、网红经济的发展，药食同源，新食品原料，营养强化剂的全新概念已经深入人心，故本发明以开创全新思路，即“病症分开及长短期机制分别实现”，先使用各种新食品原料添加剂快速解决短期“症”的问题，再使用药食同源提取物，营养强化剂，肠道微生物有益菌群，调理解决长期“病”的问题。长短期问题分步，逐步解决，受到了生活节奏快，崇尚时尚的年轻群体的喜爱。配合全新的产品形式，诸如，泡腾片，软糖，果冻等固体饮料或液体饮料，乳制品等全新产品形态，与传统古方载体膏、丸、散、酊等形式，更能受年轻人的喜欢和追捧。中医学将失眠归属于“不得眠”、“卧不安”、“不寐”等范畴,病机总属阳不入阴、营卫失和、脏腑失衡通过中医辨证论治，整体、个性化调节失眠证候群，本发明不仅能改善患者睡眠质量和整体功能，还能对西药产生减毒增效、减少依赖的作用。
本发明所述是具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品配方，主体结构包括药食同源提取物、新食品原料以及营养强化剂制成的食品；
所述药食同源提取物包括炒制酸枣仁提取物、人参提取物，炒制酸枣仁是中医药治疗失眠的首选药物，炒制酸枣仁中皂苷类成分是其主要活性成分，具有镇静安神、抗焦虑、抗抑郁、抗肿瘤及心肌保护等广泛药理作用；人参提取物Rg5和Rk1能够显著降低失眠患者的运动活力，并改善睡眠质量指数，增加睡眠质量。同时，Rg5和Rk1能够显著缩短失眠患者的睡眠潜伏期，延长睡眠时间；因道地药材原料需要达到一定数量才可满足正常人一天的最低起效量，故选择药食同源提取物作为产品原料，进而避免用户需自行熬煮中草药，不易携带等缺点。炒制酸枣仁具有四环三萜和五环三萜类皂苷等挥发性油脂，具有镇静安神、抗焦虑、抗抑郁的作用，辅以人参提取物，即可实现对患者的长期长效的睡眠情绪有效管理，保证其日后的生活中自主拥有良好睡眠，此外，炒制酸枣仁提取物在胃肠道内可促进人体对L-色氨酸的高效吸收进一步发挥炒制酸枣仁的综合效能。此特点即为本发明的“长效机制”保障之一；
所述新食品原料包括L-茶氨酸、GABA(γ-氨基丁酸)，γ-氨基丁酸是一种广泛分布于脊椎动物、植物和微生物中的非蛋白氨基酸，属于强神经抑制性递质，具有镇静、催眠、抗惊厥、降血压的生理作用，L-茶氨酸是茶叶中含有的一种特殊的非蛋白质氨基酸，有显著的抗焦虑作用，可显著提高大脑组织中单胺类神经递质的浓度。L-茶氨酸，GABA(γ-氨基丁酸)作为新食品原料，具有安抚神经，调节昼夜节律、促进睡眠、安全、无副作用的特点，故实现本发明可在短期内发挥助眠安神，快速入睡的特点，相比失眠传统同类产品，以单纯药食同源提取物为原料的产品，克服其需长时间调理身体体质才可见效、短期效果不佳的产品的不足，此特点即为本发明的“短效机制”保障。
优选的，所述营养强化剂包括L-色氨酸，L-蛋氨酸，酪蛋白水解肽，维生素B族，维生素C，甘氨酸锌，氯化镁，甘氨酸钙，
L-色氨酸是一种必需氨基酸，天然存在于大多数高蛋白食物来源中，例如鸡肉、鸡蛋、奶酪、鱼和一些坚果。作为一种必需氨基酸意味着我们需要通过大量摄取食物来获取L-色氨酸，因为人体无法自身合成该物质。L-色氨酸是5-HT的前体，L-色氨酸在色氨酸羟化酶催化下首先生成5-HTP，再经5-HTP脱羧酶和吡哆醇辅酶催化生成5-HT，而5-HT作为一种抑制神经递质在睡眠中起重要作用；
L-蛋氨酸是存在于人体的一种生理活性物质,不属于草药也不属于荷尔蒙，它是一个微粒分子，参与人体200多种生化反应。L-蛋氨酸甲基化反应涉及神经传导物质的合成，如多巴胺、肾上腺素、磷脂酰胆碱和血清素，它们可以支持健康的情绪，亦可能对包围神经细胞的髓磷脂有修护作用；
酪蛋白水解肽是一种酪蛋白水解产物，主要成分是as1-Cn(f91-100)，是一种含10个氨基酸的三维结构多肽，这种多肽具有镇静，缓解失眠，舒缓压力的作用；本发明受传统“喝杯牛奶好睡眠”习惯启发，通过大量研究后发现酪蛋白水解肽是一种酪蛋白水解产物，主要成分是as1-Cn(f91-100)，是一种含10个氨基酸的三维结构多肽，这种多肽具有镇静，缓解失眠，舒缓压力的作用，故通过水解牛奶中的酪蛋白获此种多肽，并作为营养强化剂予以添加，进而增加本发明的实际疗效，即为本发明的“长效机制”保障之一；
维生素B族维生素与人体神经系统的健康密切相关，属于水溶性维生素。其中维生素B1、B3、B6、B9和B12等对神经的镇定和情绪的改善作用尤其明显，在治疗失眠和改善睡眠上起到非常重要的作用；
维生素C主要对神经中枢起到镇定作用，抑制大脑细胞活跃度，如果身体中缺乏了维生素C，此时会阻碍神经递质合成，进而会容易导致失眠多梦，睡眠质量下降的问题；
甘氨酸作为一种抑制性神经递质，大部分研究认为，甘氨酸对大脑具有镇静作用，与传统的催眠药物不同，甘氨酸可以缩短入睡时间，稳定睡眠状态，不会改变睡眠结构。锌是人体的重要微量元素，锌在中枢神经可以平衡刺激性神经递质谷氨酸和抑制性神经递质GABA的比例，对睡眠有帮助；
氯化镁中，镁是色氨酸转化为血清素再转化为褪黑素过程中的重要辅助物质，缺少镁会导致血清素和自体褪黑素的产生会面临障碍。镁在改善睡眠的作用不仅仅作为血清素代谢路径的辅助因子，补充镁可以增加血液中褪黑素的浓度，延长睡眠时间，提高睡眠质量，缩短清醒到入睡的时间，降低血液中的皮质醇，改善睡眠；
甘氨酸作为一种抑制性神经递质，对大脑具有镇静作用，与传统的催眠药物不同，甘氨酸可以缩短入睡时间，稳定睡眠状态，不会改变睡眠结构。钙是一种天然的镇定剂，有着催眠的作用。钙也是重要的神经递质，它能加强大脑皮层的抑制过程，可以调节兴奋与抑制之间的平衡，有助于神经刺激的转达。
运用“微生物-肠-脑轴”的形式，以此提高本产品的长时疗效及巩固疗效目的，优选的，还包括食品原料，所述食品原料包括复合益生菌，所述复合益生菌包括植物乳杆菌，嗜热链球菌，罗伊氏乳杆菌短乳杆菌，格氏乳杆菌，发酵乳杆菌，发酵乳杆菌，鼠李糖乳酸杆菌，长双歧杆菌，短双歧杆菌，瑞士乳杆菌，婴儿双歧杆菌，动物双歧杆菌，约氏乳杆菌，嗜酸乳杆菌等，失眠与肠道菌群有着紧密联系，人体大约95％的5-HT产生于肠道，经肠嗜铬细胞和肠肌间神经丛合成，而剩余的5％5-HT则合成于5-HT中枢能神经元中。肠道内的色氨酸经由肠嗜铬细胞内的色氨酸羟化酶催化作用下，生成5-羟色胺酸，随后再由色氨酸脱羧酶催化生成5-HT。“微生物-肠-脑轴”作为中枢神经和肠神经之间的双向信息交互系统，对于人体的许多生理功能调控起重要作用。肠道微生物通过迷走神经传入、免疫和微生物代谢产物等途径作用于中枢神经系统，肠道菌群紊乱则会引发焦虑、抑郁、睡眠障碍等问题。同时，失眠与失眠并发症会反作用于肠道神经系统，导致肠道菌群紊乱，形成恶性循环，从而进一步加深失眠问题。改变肠道微生物群的丰厚度和菌群物种多样性，恢复失眠障碍引起的肠道微生物群紊乱，进而通过改善恢复肠道菌群稳定状态，发挥调节失眠的生物学作用；通过调节肠道中某些特殊菌群的功能，如分泌短链脂肪酸、代谢胆汁酸盐等方式间接调节肠-脑轴功能，进而改善失眠患者的症状。故本发明通过定植肠道菌群于失眠患者的胃肠道中，通过改变失眠患者的胃肠道有益微生物的整体环境，增加其对各种有益睡眠食品的酶解，促使通过“微生物-肠-脑轴”的神经关联，进而缩短患者的入睡时间，增加失眠患者的睡眠时长，调整昼夜节律，配合药食同源提取物，营养强化剂，进而改善患者的长期睡眠，故此为本发明的“长效机制”保障之一。
L-色氨酸，L-蛋氨酸，甘氨酸锌，氯化镁，甘氨酸钙，维生素B族，维生素C及复合益生菌的配合使用，因L-色氨酸在进入人体胃肠道后转化为L-色氨酸是5-HT的前体，色氨酸在色氨酸羟化酶催化下首先生成5-HTP，再经5-HTP脱羧酶和吡哆醇辅酶催化生成5-HT，而5-HT作为一种抑制神经递质在睡眠中起重要作用，但在此转化过程中需要配合维生素B族(例如维生素B1,B3,B6,B9,B12)，维生素C以及钙镁锌等微量元素共同参与，才可完成由L-色氨酸向5-HTP的转化。本发明不仅仅提供人体无法自身合成而只能通过日常膳食获取困难且含量较少的L-色氨酸，而且提供保障其顺利反应转化需要各种维生素及微量元素。本发明添加的钙锌均为和氨基酸(甘氨酸)螯合一起的螯合物，具备吸收率高，不刺激胃肠道的特点。另外，甘氨酸本身作为一种人体必备的氨基酸和抑制性神经递质对睡眠好处颇多，甘氨酸可穿越大脑穿过血脑屏障。一旦进入大脑，甘氨酸会作用于视交叉上核(SCN)中的NMDA受体，通过调节SCN中的NMDA受体，甘氨酸可诱导全身血管舒张、促进核心体温的降低、提高睡眠质量、减少入睡时间、增加睡眠时长的特点。钙镁比例为2：1的黄金搭配，可使得大脑神经趋于平缓，降低心率和血压，放松肌肉和神经，可以增加血液中褪黑素的浓度，延长睡眠时间，缩短清醒到入睡的时间，降低血液中的皮质醇，辅以锌元素的补充，锌在中枢神经可以平衡刺激性神经递质谷氨酸和抑制性神经递质GABA的比例。另外本发明还添加营养强化剂L-蛋氨酸作为补充，L-蛋氨酸甲基化反应涉及神经传导物质的合成，如多巴胺、肾上腺素、磷脂酰胆碱和血清素，它们可以支持健康的情绪，亦可能对包围神经细胞的髓磷脂有修护作用。
优选的，所述食品包括泡腾片、软糖、果冻、饼干、固体饮料、压片糖果、液体饮料及乳制品，相较于传统古方载体膏、丸、散、酊等形式，改良后的形式更深得中青年群体的喜好。
实施10例助眠特殊膳食泡腾片改善失眠症状的典型案例：
选取2022年1月至2022年4月，10例在大连三甲医院确诊为失眠症的患者，平均病程2年左右的患者，男女患者分别5例，两组间性别、年龄和失眠时间均无差异。观察组每晚睡前吃2片制作的具有助眠功能的泡腾片，对照组吃2粒不含助眠原料、但外观和口味一样的普通泡腾片，连续服用14天和28天时分别评估睡眠改善效果。根据睡眠改善情况，干预效果分为显著、有效和无效。其中，显著的标准是：睡眠质量明显好转，睡眠时间恢复正常或保持在6h以上，第二天醒后精力充沛无疲倦感；改善的标准是：睡眠质量有所提高，睡眠时间明显高于干预前或睡眠时间维持在4h以上，第二天精神状态明显好转；无效的标准是：与干预前相比睡眠质量、时间和第二天精神状态几乎无变化。干预14天和28天后给予助眠组对泡腾片睡眠改善的效果明显高于对照组。
综上所述，本发明成分利用药食同源药材提取物，食品原料，新食品原料，食品营养强化剂的科学搭配，以中医理论为指导，以现代科学研究为依据，通过选用道地药材加以提取提纯，配合食品原料，新食品原料的特性，辅以营养强化剂，微生物益生菌的科学搭配，制备的一种具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品。通过对传统剂型的改良，借助泡腾片载体的形式，深得中青年群体的喜好，也可制备为固体饮料、液体饮料、乳制品、压片糖果、泡腾片、果冻和饼干等其他产品形式，方便在大众中推广。经过实验和人体试验证明，该助眠配方及以此配方为基础制备的各种食品，包括软糖、压片糖果、果冻、泡腾片、固体饮料、液体饮料、乳制品等，具有明显改善失眠症状，胃肠道益生菌缺乏导致的消化功能、神经系统紊乱，以及由失眠导致的身心症状的作用。

Claims (7)

1.具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品配方，其特征在于：包括药食同源提取物、新食品原料以及营养强化剂制成的食品；
所述药食同源提取物包括炒制酸枣仁提取物、人参提取物；
所述新食品原料包括L-茶氨酸、GABA(γ-氨基丁酸)。
2.根据权利要求1所述具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品配方，其特征在于：所述营养强化剂包括L-色氨酸，L-蛋氨酸，酪蛋白水解肽，维生素B族，维生素C，甘氨酸锌，氯化镁，甘氨酸钙。
3.根据权利要求1所述具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品配方，其特征在于：还包括食品原料。
4.根据权利要求3所述具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品配方，其特征在于：所述食品原料包括复合益生菌。
5.根据权利要求4所述具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品配方，其特征在于：所述复合益生菌包括植物乳杆菌，嗜热链球菌，罗伊氏乳杆菌短乳杆菌，格氏乳杆菌，发酵乳杆菌，发酵乳杆菌，鼠李糖乳酸杆菌，长双歧杆菌，短双歧杆菌，瑞士乳杆菌，婴儿双歧杆菌，动物双歧杆菌，约氏乳杆菌，嗜酸乳杆菌等。
6.根据权利要求1所述具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品配方，其特征在于：所述人参提取物包括Rg5、Rk1。
7.根据权利要求1所述具有助眠功能的特殊膳食食品配方，其特征在于：所述食品包括泡腾片、软糖、果冻、饼干、固体饮料、压片糖果、液体饮料及乳制品。
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