CN114751806A - 二芳基乙炔类化合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
二芳基乙炔类化合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114751806A CN114751806A CN202111454171.8A CN202111454171A CN114751806A CN 114751806 A CN114751806 A CN 114751806A CN 202111454171 A CN202111454171 A CN 202111454171A CN 114751806 A CN114751806 A CN 114751806A
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- C07C25/00—Compounds containing at least one halogen atom bound to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C25/24—Halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons with unsaturated side chains
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/26—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only halogen atoms as hetero-atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C15/00—Cyclic hydrocarbons containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic parts
- C07C15/40—Cyclic hydrocarbons containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic parts substituted by unsaturated carbon radicals
- C07C15/50—Cyclic hydrocarbons containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic parts substituted by unsaturated carbon radicals polycyclic non-condensed
- C07C15/54—Cyclic hydrocarbons containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic parts substituted by unsaturated carbon radicals polycyclic non-condensed containing a group with formula
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/26—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton
- C07C17/263—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton by condensation reactions
- C07C17/269—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton by condensation reactions of only halogenated hydrocarbons
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- C07C201/00—Preparation of esters of nitric or nitrous acid or of compounds containing nitro or nitroso groups bound to a carbon skeleton
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- C07C201/12—Preparation of nitro compounds by reactions not involving the formation of nitro groups
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C22/00—Cyclic compounds containing halogen atoms bound to an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C22/02—Cyclic compounds containing halogen atoms bound to an acyclic carbon atom having unsaturation in the rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C07C37/18—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms by condensation involving halogen atoms of halogenated compounds
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C39/00—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
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- C07C45/68—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C47/00—Compounds having —CHO groups
- C07C47/52—Compounds having —CHO groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种二芳基乙炔类化合物及其制备方法,该制备方法包括:在N,N‑二甲基甲酰胺中依次加入碘代芳烃类化合物、三甲基硅基乙炔、金属催化剂和碱液,搅拌;然后依次加入1,8‑二氮杂双环[5,4,0]十一碳‑7‑烯、水和碘代芳烃类化合物,升高温度,继续搅拌,得到混合液;之后搅拌,过滤,洗涤,固体经真空干燥即可;本发明的制备方法简洁方便,“一锅化”即可高效合成得到一系列对称或不对称二芳基乙炔类化合物,无须分步进行,从而避免了昂贵的芳基乙炔原料的使用和易变质芳基乙炔中间体的分离纯化,加料顺序的先后性控制使得产物较为唯一,后处理简洁环保。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成技术领域,具体涉及一种二芳基乙炔类化合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
炔烃衍生物二苯基乙炔在有机合成中占据着重要的地位,许多天然产物、药物分子和聚合材料等都包含炔烃结构或者由简单的炔烃化合物合成而得到,因此,大量合成炔烃衍生物的方法便应运而生。经典的Sonogashira偶联是其中最常用的一种合成方法,即在钯与铜的共同催化下,芳基卤代物与末端炔烃发生偶联反应得到二取代的炔烃化合物。常规的Sonogashira偶联需用到各种类型的芳基乙炔,而一部分此类芳基乙炔市场价格过高,不适用于反应规模的放大。若合成此类芳基乙炔,往往需要经先合成硅醚保护的芳基乙炔,再用无机碱脱保护两步反应,且合成得到的未保护的芳基乙炔往往对空气不稳定,不利于长时间存放。以往“一锅化”的二芳基乙炔化合物合成策略却又常常产生副产物,尤其在合成不对称二芳基炔的时候更是难以控制产物的单一性,从而不利于后期的纯化精制。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种二芳基乙炔类化合物及其制备方法。
为达到上述目的,本发明的解决方案是:
第一方面,本发明提供了一种高效、简洁、底物适用性强的二芳基乙炔类化合物的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
(1)、在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中依次加入碘代芳烃类化合物、三甲基硅基乙炔、金属催化剂和碱液,搅拌;然后依次加入1,8-二氮杂双环[5,4,0]十一碳-7-烯(DBU)、水和碘代芳烃类化合物,升高温度,继续搅拌,得到混合液;
(2)、反应结束后,将混合液经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加水继续搅拌,大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗涤,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥即得二芳基乙炔类化合物。
作为本发明的优选实施例,步骤(1)中,碘代芳烃类化合物中的官能团选自氯、溴、氟、三氟甲基、甲基、乙基、硝基、醛基、甲氧基、氢、吡啶基、羟基或羧酸甲酯中的一种以上。
作为本发明的优选实施例,步骤(1)中,金属催化剂为双三苯基磷二氯化钯(PdCl2(PPh3)2)和碘化亚铜(CuI)的混合物。
作为本发明的优选实施例,步骤(1)中,碱液为三乙胺(Et3N或TEA)。
作为本发明的优选实施例,步骤(1)中,搅拌的温度为50-70℃,搅拌的时间为2-4h。
作为本发明的优选实施例,步骤(1)中,升高温度为70-95℃。
作为本发明的优选实施例,步骤(1)中,继续搅拌的时间为2-4h。
作为本发明的优选实施例,步骤(2)中,加水的体积为步骤(1)中DMF体积的两倍。
作为本发明的优选实施例,步骤(2)中,继续搅拌的时间为10-20min。
作为本发明的优选实施例,步骤(2)中,真空干燥的时间为1-3h。
第二方面,本发明提供了一种二芳基乙炔类化合物,其由上述的制备方法得到。
作为本发明的优选实施例,二芳基乙炔类化合物的结构通式为:
其中,R1和R2均选自氯、溴、氟、三氟甲基、甲基、乙基、硝基、醛基、甲氧基、氢、吡啶基、羟基或羧酸甲酯中的一种以上,R1、R2可相同或不同。
由于采用上述方案,本发明的有益效果是:
第一、本发明的制备方法简洁方便,“一锅化”即可高效合成得到一系列对称或不对称二芳基乙炔类化合物,无须分步进行,从而避免了昂贵的芳基乙炔原料的使用和易变质芳基乙炔中间体的分离纯化,加料顺序的先后性控制使得产物较为唯一,几乎没有相关竞争性副产物生成,使得后处理简洁高效环保,无大量有机溶剂废液和危险固废产生,对环境危害小。另外,本发明的制备方法不涉及高毒性溶剂或试剂,且后处理方便,无需柱层析,具有放大规模生产的可行性。
第二、本发明绝大多数的试剂和溶剂均十分廉价易得,唯一价高较高的钯金属催化剂用量少且可回收。有机溶剂使用量少,官能团适用性好,底物拓展范围广泛并且不涉及到危险有毒物质的使用。
附图说明
图1为本发明的实施例1中1,2-二(3-溴苯基)乙炔的1H-NMR图。
图2为本发明的实施例2中1,2-二(4-甲基苯)乙炔的1H-NMR图。
图3为本发明的实施例3中4,4'-二(苯甲酸甲酯)乙炔的1H-NMR图。
图4为本发明的实施例4中1,2-二(4-甲氧基苯)乙炔的1H-NMR图。
图5为本发明的实施例5中1,2-二(4-氟苯)乙炔的1H-NMR图。
图6为本发明的实施例6中二苯基乙炔的1H-NMR图。
图7为本发明的实施例6中二苯基乙炔的GCMS图。
图8为本发明的实施例7中1,2-二(4-氯苯)乙炔的1H-NMR图。
图9为本发明的实施例7中1,2-二(4-氯苯)乙炔的GCMS图。
图10为本发明的实施例8中1,2-二吡啶乙炔的1H-NMR图。
图11为本发明的实施例8中1,2-二吡啶乙炔的GCMS图。
图12为本发明的实施例9中1,2-二(4-三氟甲基苯)乙炔的1H-NMR图。
图13为本发明的实施例9中1,2-二(4-三氟甲基苯)乙炔的GCMS图。
图14为本发明的实施例10中1,2-二(4-乙基苯)乙炔的1H-NMR图。
图15为本发明的实施例10中1,2-二(4-乙基苯)乙炔的GCMS图。
图16为本发明的实施例11中1,2-二(4-硝基苯)乙炔的1H-NMR图。
图17为本发明的实施例11中1,2-二(4-硝基苯)乙炔的GCMS图。
图18为本发明的实施例12中2-苯基乙炔基苯甲醛的1H-NMR图。
图19为本发明的实施例13中3-苯基乙炔基苯甲醛的1H-NMR图。
图20为本发明的实施例13中3-苯基乙炔基苯甲醛的GCMS图。
图21为本发明的实施例14中4-苯基乙炔基苯甲醛的1H-NMR图。
图22为本发明的实施例15中4-(4-氟苯基乙炔基)苯酚的1H-NMR图。
图23为本发明的实施例15中4-(4-氟苯基乙炔基)苯酚的GCMS图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种二芳基乙炔类化合物及其制备方法。
<二芳基乙炔类化合物的制备方法>
本发明的二芳基乙炔类化合物的制备方法的反应式为:
其中,R1和R2均选自氯、溴、氟、三氟甲基、甲基、乙基、硝基、醛基、甲氧基、氢、吡啶基、羟基或羧酸甲酯中的一种以上,R1、R2可相同或不同。
具体包括如下步骤:
(1)、在DMF中依次加入碘代芳烃类化合物、三甲基硅基乙炔、金属催化剂和碱液,搅拌;然后依次加入DBU、水和碘代芳烃类化合物,升高温度,继续搅拌,得到混合液;
(2)、反应结束后,将混合液经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加水继续搅拌,大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗涤,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥即得多种对称或者不对称的二芳基乙炔类化合物。纯度为95%以上,收率为70-90%。
其中,在步骤(1)中,碘代芳烃类化合物中的官能团选自氯、溴、氟、三氟甲基、甲基、乙基、硝基、醛基、甲氧基、氢、吡啶基、羟基或羧酸甲酯中的一种以上。
在步骤(1)中,金属催化剂为PdCl2(PPh3)2和CuI的混合物。
在步骤(1)中,碱液为TEA。
在步骤(1)中,搅拌的温度可以为50-70℃,优选为60℃;搅拌的时间可以为2-4h,优选为3h。
在步骤(1)中,升高温度可以为70-95℃,优选为80℃。
在步骤(1)中,继续搅拌的时间可以为2-4h,优选为3h。
在步骤(2)中,加水的体积为步骤(1)中DMF体积的两倍。
在步骤(2)中,继续搅拌的时间可以为10-20min,优选为15min。
在步骤(2)中,真空干燥的时间可以为1-3h,优选为2h。
实际上,在步骤(1)中,碘代芳烃类化合物作为二芳基乙炔化合物的芳基来源,三甲基硅基乙炔作为炔烃官能团的来源,PdCl2(PPh3)2和CuI联合组成该反应的金属催化体系,TEA为反应提供必要的碱性环境,并充当还原剂,参与钯催化循环。DBU和水的加入可作为碱性条件脱除三甲基硅基保护基。在钯/铜催化体系的催化下,首先加入的碘代芳烃类化合物与三甲基硅基乙炔经偶联反应得到三甲基硅基保护的芳基乙炔化合物,随后在体系中加入DBU、水,可原位脱除三甲基硅基保护基,生成裸露的芳基乙炔,进一步在钯/铜催化体系下,与另一分子后加入的碘代芳烃基反应,生成期望的二芳基乙炔类化合物。
<二芳基乙炔类化合物>
本发明的二芳基乙炔类化合物由上述的制备方法得到。
其中,二芳基乙炔类化合物的结构通式为:
其中,R1和R2均选自氯、溴、氟、三氟甲基、甲基、乙基、硝基、醛基、甲氧基、氢、吡啶基、羟基或羧酸甲酯中的一种以上,R1、R2可相同或不同。
具体地,二芳基乙炔类化合物具体可以为以下结构式:
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1:
本实施例的1,2-二(3-溴苯基)乙炔的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取11.0g的3-溴碘苯加入500mL的三口瓶内,加入110mL的DMF,随后依次加入4.21g三甲基硅基乙炔(Trimethyl silyl acetylene)、0.44g的CuI、0.39g的PdCl2(PPh3)2和14.25g的Et3N,氮气置换三次,60℃搅拌3h。随后再依次加入35.6g的DBU、0.28g去离子水和11.0g的3-溴碘苯,升温至80℃,继续搅拌3h。
(2)、LC-MS监测反应结束后,经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加入两倍体积的水,继续搅拌15min,看到大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥2h即得10.0g所需产物。纯度为97%以上,收率为76.9%。谱图见图1。
其中,反应方程式为:
表1各试剂的参数
实施例2:
本实施例的1,2-二(4-甲基苯)乙炔的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取8.48g的4-甲基碘苯加入500mL的三口瓶内,加入110mL的DMF,随后依次加入4.21g三甲基硅乙炔(Trimethyl silyl acetylene)、0.44g的CuI、0.39g的PdCl2(PPh3)2和14.25g的Et3N,氮气置换三次,60℃搅拌3h。随后再依次加入35.6g的DBU、0.28g去离子水和8.48g的4-甲基碘苯,升温至80℃,继续搅拌3h。
(2)、LC-MS监测反应结束后,经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加入两倍体积的水,继续搅拌10min,看到大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥1h即得5.8g所需产物。纯度为97%以上,收率为72.5%。谱图见图2。
其中,反应方程式为:
表2各试剂的参数
实施例3:
本实施例的4,4'-二(苯甲酸甲酯)乙炔的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取10.19g的4-碘苯甲酸甲酯加入500mL的三口瓶内,加入110mL的DMF,随后依次加入4.21g三甲基硅基乙炔(Trimethyl silyl acetylene)、0.44g的CuI、0.39g的PdCl2(PPh3)2和14.25g的Et3N,氮气置换三次,60℃搅拌3h。随后再依次加入35.6g的DBU、0.28g去离子水和10.19g的4-碘苯甲酸甲酯,升温至80℃,继续搅拌3h。
(2)、LC-MS监测反应结束后,经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加入两倍体积的水,继续搅拌20min,看到大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥3h即得9.0g所需产物。纯度为97%以上,收率为78.7%。谱图见图3。
其中,反应方程式为:
表3各试剂的参数
试剂 | 分子式 | 分子量 | 投料量 | 投料比 |
4-碘苯甲酸甲酯 | C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>7</sub>IO<sub>2</sub> | 262.05 | 10.19g*2 | 1.0eq. |
三甲基硅基乙炔 | C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>Si | 98.22 | 4.21g | 1.1eq. |
PdCl<sub>2</sub>(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> | C<sub>36</sub>H<sub>30</sub>C<sub>l2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>Pd | 749.08 | 0.39g | 0.13eq. |
碘化亚铜 | CuI | 190.45 | 0.44g | 0.059eq. |
Et<sub>3</sub>N | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>15</sub>N | 101.19 | 14.25g | 3.62eq. |
DBU | C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>16</sub>N<sub>2</sub> | 152.24 | 35.60 | 6.0eq. |
去离子水 | H<sub>2</sub>O | 18.01 | 0.28g | 0.4eq. |
DMF | C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>NO | 73.09 | 110.0mL | Sol. |
实施例4:
本实施例的1,2-二(4-甲氧基苯)乙炔的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取9.1g的4-碘苯甲醚加入500mL的三口瓶内,加入110mL的DMF,随后依次加入4.21g三甲基硅基乙炔(Trimethyl silyl acetylene)、0.44g的CuI、0.39g的PdCl2(PPh3)2和14.25g的Et3N,氮气置换三次,60℃搅拌3h。随后再依次加入35.6g的DBU、0.28g去离子水和9.1g的4-碘苯甲醚,升温至80℃,继续搅拌3h。
(2)、LC-MS监测反应结束后,经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加入两倍体积的水,继续搅拌13min,看到大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥2h即得7.0g所需产物。纯度为97%以上,收率为75.6%。谱图见图4。
其中,反应方程式为:
表4各试剂的参数
试剂 | 分子式 | 分子量 | 投料量 | 投料比 |
4-碘苯甲醚 | C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>7</sub>IO | 234.04 | 9.1g*2 | 1.0eq. |
三甲基硅基乙炔 | C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>Si | 98.22 | 4.21g | 1.1eq. |
PdCl<sub>2</sub>(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> | C<sub>36</sub>H<sub>30</sub>C<sub>l2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>Pd | 749.08 | 0.39g | 0.13eq. |
碘化亚铜 | CuI | 190.45 | 0.44g | 0.059eq. |
Et<sub>3</sub>N | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>15</sub>N | 101.19 | 14.25g | 3.62eq. |
DBU | C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>16</sub>N<sub>2</sub> | 152.24 | 35.60 | 6.0eq. |
去离子水 | H<sub>2</sub>O | 18.01 | 0.28g | 0.4eq. |
DMF | C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>NO | 73.09 | 110.0mL | Sol., |
实施例5:
本实施例的1,2-二(4-氟苯)乙炔的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取8.63g的4-氟碘苯加入500mL的三口瓶内,加入110mL的DM,随后依次加入4.21g三甲基硅基乙炔(Trimethyl silyl acetylene)、0.44g的CuI、0.39g的PdCl2(PPh3)2和14.25g的Et3N,氮气置换三次,60℃搅拌3h。随后再依次加入35.6g的DBU、0.28g去离子水和8.63g的4-氟碘苯,升温至80℃,继续搅拌3h。
(2)、LC-MS监测反应结束后,经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加入两倍体积的水,继续搅拌15min,看到大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥1.5h即得6.5g所需产物。纯度为97%以上,收率为78.1%。谱图见图5。
其中,反应方程式为:
表5各试剂的参数
试剂 | 分子式 | 分子量 | 投料量 | 投料比 |
4-氟碘苯 | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>FI | 222.00 | 8.63g*2 | 1.0eq. |
三甲基硅基乙炔 | C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>Si | 98.22 | 4.21g | 1.1eq. |
PdCl<sub>2</sub>(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> | C<sub>36</sub>H<sub>30</sub>C<sub>l2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>Pd | 749.08 | 0.39g | 0.13eq. |
碘化亚铜 | CuI | 190.45 | 0.44g | 0.059eq. |
Et<sub>3</sub>N | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>15</sub>N | 101.19 | 14.25g | 3.62eq. |
DBU | C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>16</sub>N<sub>2</sub> | 152.24 | 35.60 | 6.0eq. |
去离子水 | H<sub>2</sub>O | 18.01 | 0.28g | 0.4eq. |
DMF | C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>NO | 73.09 | 110.0mL | Sol., |
实施例6:
本实施例的二苯基乙炔的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取7.93g的碘苯加入500mL的三口瓶内,加入110mL的DMF,随后依次加入4.21g三甲基硅基乙炔(Trimethyl silyl acetylene)、0.44g的CuI、0.39g的PdCl2(PPh3)2和14.25g的Et3N,氮气置换三次,60℃搅拌3h。随后再依次加入35.6g的DBU、0.28g去离子水和7.93g的碘苯,升温至80℃,继续搅拌3h。
(2)、LC-MS监测反应结束后,经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加入两倍体积的水,继续搅拌18min,看到大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥2.5h即得5.0g所需产物。纯度为97%以上,收率为72.3%。谱图见图6和图7。
其中,反应方程式为:
表6各试剂的参数
实施例7:
本实施例的1,2-二(4-氯苯)乙炔的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取9.27g的4-氯碘苯加入500mL的三口瓶内,加入110mL的DMF,随后依次加入4.21g三甲基硅基乙炔(Trimethyl silyl acetylene)、0.44g的CuI、0.39g的PdCl2(PPh3)2和14.25g的Et3N,氮气置换三次,60℃搅拌3h。随后再依次加入35.6g的DBU、0.28g去离子水和9.27g的4-氯碘苯,升温至80℃,继续搅拌3h。
(2)、LC-MS监测反应结束后,经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加入两倍体积的水,继续搅拌16min,看到大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥2h即得7.5g所需产物。纯度为97%以上,收率为78.0%。谱图见图8和图9。
其中,反应方程式为:
表7各试剂的参数
实施例8:
本实施例的1,2-二吡啶乙炔的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取7.97g的4-碘吡啶加入500mL的三口瓶内,加入110mL的DMF,随后依次加入4.21g三甲基硅基乙炔(Trimethyl silyl acetylene)、0.44g的CuI、0.39g的PdCl2(PPh3)2和14.25g的Et3N,氮气置换三次,60℃搅拌3h。随后再依次加入35.6g的DBU、0.28g去离子水和7.97g的4-碘吡啶,升温至80℃,继续搅拌3h。
(2)、LC-MS监测反应结束后,经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加入两倍体积的水,继续搅拌15min,看到大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥3h即得4.0g所需产物。纯度为95%以上,收率为57.1%。谱图见图10和图11。
其中,反应方程式为:
表8各试剂的参数
试剂 | 分子式 | 分子量 | 投料量 | 投料比 |
4-碘吡啶 | C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>4</sub>IN | 205.00 | 7.97g*2 | 1.0eq. |
三甲基硅基乙炔 | C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>Si | 98.22 | 4.21g | 1.1eq. |
PdCl<sub>2</sub>(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> | C<sub>36</sub>H<sub>30</sub>C<sub>l2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>Pd | 749.08 | 0.39g | 0.13eq. |
碘化亚铜 | CuI | 190.45 | 0.44g | 0.059eq. |
Et<sub>3</sub>N | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>15</sub>N | 101.19 | 14.25g | 3.62eq. |
DBU | C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>16</sub>N<sub>2</sub> | 152.24 | 35.60 | 6.0eq. |
去离子水 | H<sub>2</sub>O | 18.01 | 0.28g | 0.4eq. |
DMF | C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>NO | 73.09 | 110.0mL | Sol., |
实施例9:
本实施例的1,2-二(4-三氟甲基苯)乙炔的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取10.58g的4-三氟甲基碘苯加入500mL的三口瓶内,加入110mL的DMF,随后依次加入4.21g三甲基硅基乙炔(Trimethyl silyl acetylene)、0.44g的CuI、0.39g的PdCl2(PPh3)2和14.25g的Et3N,氮气置换三次,60℃搅拌3h。随后再依次加入35.6g的DBU、0.28g去离子水和10.58g的4-三氟甲基碘苯,升温至80℃,继续搅拌3h。
(2)、LC-MS监测反应结束后,经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加入两倍体积的水,继续搅拌20min,看到大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥1h即得10.0g所需产物。纯度为97%以上,收率为81.9%。谱图见图12和图13。
其中,反应方程式为:
表9各试剂的参数
试剂 | 分子式 | 分子量 | 投料量 | 投料比 |
4-三氟甲基碘苯 | C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>4</sub>F<sub>3</sub>I | 272.01 | 10.58g*2 | 1.0eq. |
三甲基硅基乙炔 | C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>Si | 98.22 | 4.21g | 1.1eq. |
PdCl<sub>2</sub>(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> | C<sub>36</sub>H<sub>30</sub>C<sub>l2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>Pd | 749.08 | 0.39g | 0.13eq. |
碘化亚铜 | CuI | 190.45 | 0.44g | 0.059eq. |
Et<sub>3</sub>N | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>15</sub>N | 101.19 | 14.25g | 3.62eq. |
DBU | C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>16</sub>N<sub>2</sub> | 152.24 | 35.60 | 6.0eq. |
去离子水 | H<sub>2</sub>O | 18.01 | 0.28g | 0.4eq. |
DMF | C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>NO | 73.09 | 110.0mL | Sol., |
实施例10:
本实施例的1,2-二(4-乙基苯)乙炔的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取9.02g的1-乙基-4碘苯加入500mL的三口瓶内,加入110mL的DMF,随后依次加入4.21g三甲基硅基乙炔(Trimethyl silyl acetylene)、0.44g的CuI、0.39g的PdCl2(PPh3)2和14.25g的Et3N,氮气置换三次,60℃搅拌3h。随后再依次加入35.6g的DBU、0.28g去离子水和9.02g的1-乙基-4碘苯,升温至80℃,继续搅拌3h。
(2)、LC-MS监测反应结束后,经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加入两倍体积的水,继续搅拌17min,看到大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥2h即得6.5g所需产物。纯度为97%以上,收率为71.4%。谱图见图14和图15。
其中,反应方程式为:
表10各试剂的参数
试剂 | 分子式 | 分子量 | 投料量 | 投料比 |
1-乙基-4碘苯 | C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>9</sub>I | 232.06 | 9.02g*2 | 1.0eq. |
三甲基硅基乙炔 | C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>Si | 98.22 | 4.21g | 1.1eq. |
PdCl<sub>2</sub>(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> | C<sub>36</sub>H<sub>30</sub>C<sub>l2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>Pd | 749.08 | 0.39g | 0.13eq. |
碘化亚铜 | CuI | 190.45 | 0.44g | 0.059eq. |
Et<sub>3</sub>N | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>15</sub>N | 101.19 | 14.25g | 3.62eq. |
DBU | C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>16</sub>N<sub>2</sub> | 152.24 | 35.60 | 6.0eq. |
去离子水 | H<sub>2</sub>O | 18.01 | 0.28g | 0.4eq. |
DMF | C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>NO | 73.09 | 110.0mL | Sol., |
实施例11:
本实施例的1,2-二(4-硝基苯)乙炔的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取9.68g的4-硝基碘苯加入500mL的三口瓶内,加入110mL的DMF,随后依次加入4.21g三甲基硅基乙炔(Trimethyl silyl acetylene)、0.44g的CuI、0.39g的PdCl2(PPh3)2和14.25g的Et3N,氮气置换三次,60℃搅拌3h。随后再依次加入35.6g的DBU、0.28g去离子水和9.68g的4-硝基碘苯,升温至80℃,继续搅拌3h。
(2)、LC-MS监测反应结束后,经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加入两倍体积的水,继续搅拌15min,看到大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥3h即得7.5g所需产物。纯度为97%以上,收率为72.0%。谱图见图16和图17。
其中,反应方程式为:
表11各试剂的参数
试剂 | 分子式 | 分子量 | 投料量 | 投料比 |
4-硝基碘苯 | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>INO<sub>2</sub> | 249.01 | 9.68g*2 | 1.0eq. |
三甲基硅基乙炔 | C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>Si | 98.22 | 4.21g | 1.1eq. |
PdCl<sub>2</sub>(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> | C<sub>36</sub>H<sub>30</sub>C<sub>l2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>Pd | 749.08 | 0.39g | 0.13eq. |
碘化亚铜 | CuI | 190.45 | 0.44g | 0.059eq. |
Et<sub>3</sub>N | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>15</sub>N | 101.19 | 14.25g | 3.62eq. |
DBU | C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>16</sub>N<sub>2</sub> | 152.24 | 35.60 | 6.0eq. |
去离子水 | H<sub>2</sub>O | 18.01 | 0.28g | 0.4eq. |
DMF | C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>NO | 73.09 | 110.0mL | Sol., |
实施例12:
本实施例的2-苯基乙炔基苯甲醛的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取7.92g的碘苯加入500mL的三口瓶内,加入110mL的DMF,随后依次加入4.21g三甲基硅基乙炔(Trimethyl silyl acetylene)、0.44g的CuI、0.39g的PdCl2(PPh3)2和14.25g的Et3N,氮气置换三次,60℃搅拌3h。随后再依次加入35.6g的DBU、0.28g去离子水和9.0g的2-碘苯甲醛,升温至80℃,继续搅拌3h。
(2)、LC-MS监测反应结束后,经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加入两倍体积的水,继续搅拌10min,看到大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥2.5h即得所需产物6.4g。纯度为97%以上,收率为75.0%。谱图见图18。
其中,反应方程式为:
表12各试剂的参数
实施例13:
本实施例的3-苯基乙炔基苯甲醛的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取7.92g的碘苯加入500mL的三口瓶内,加入110mL的DMF,随后依次加入4.21g三甲基硅基乙炔(Trimethyl silyl acetylene)、0.44g的CuI、0.39g的PdCl2(PPh3)2和14.25g的Et3N,氮气置换三次,60℃搅拌3h。随后再依次加入35.6g的DBU、0.28g去离子水和9.0g的3-碘苯甲醛,升温至80℃,继续搅拌3h。
(2)、LC-MS监测反应结束后,经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加入两倍体积的水,继续搅拌15min,看到大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥1h即得6.5g所需产物。纯度为97%以上,收率为81.3%。谱图见图19和图20。
其中,反应方程式为:
表13各试剂的参数
试剂 | 分子式 | 分子量 | 投料量 | 投料比 |
碘苯 | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>I | 204.01 | 7.92g | 1.0eq. |
3-碘苯甲醛 | C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>5</sub>IO | 232.02 | 9.0g | 1.0eq. |
三甲基硅基乙炔 | C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>Si | 98.22 | 4.21g | 1.1eq. |
PdCl<sub>2</sub>(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> | C<sub>36</sub>H<sub>30</sub>C<sub>l2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>Pd | 749.08 | 0.39g | 0.13eq. |
碘化亚铜 | CuI | 190.45 | 0.44g | 0.059eq. |
Et<sub>3</sub>N | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>15</sub>N | 101.19 | 14.25g | 3.62eq. |
DBU | C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>16</sub>N<sub>2</sub> | 152.24 | 35.60 | 6.0eq. |
去离子水 | H<sub>2</sub>O | 18.01 | 0.28g | 0.4eq. |
DMF | C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>NO | 73.09 | 110.0mL | Sol., |
实施例14:
本实施例的4-苯基乙炔基苯甲醛的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取7.92g的碘苯加入500mL的三口瓶内,加入110mL的DMF,随后依次加入4.21g三甲基硅基乙炔(Trimethyl silyl acetylene)、0.44g的CuI、0.39g的PdCl2(PPh3)2和14.25g的Et3N,氮气置换三次,60℃搅拌3h。随后再依次加入35.6g的DBU、0.28g去离子水和9.0g的4-碘苯甲醛,升温至80℃,继续搅拌3h。
(2)、LC-MS监测反应结束后,经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加入两倍体积的水,继续搅拌20min,看到大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥2h即得6.4g所需产物。纯度为97%以上,收率为80.0%。谱图见图21。
其中,反应方程式为:
表14各试剂的参数
试剂 | 分子式 | 分子量 | 投料量 | 投料比 |
碘苯 | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>I | 204.01 | 7.92g | 1.0eq. |
4-碘苯甲醛 | C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>5</sub>IO | 232.02 | 9.0g | 1.0eq. |
三甲基硅基乙炔 | C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>Si | 98.22 | 4.21g | 1.1eq. |
PdCl<sub>2</sub>(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> | C<sub>36</sub>H<sub>30</sub>C<sub>l2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>Pd | 749.08 | 0.39g | 0.13eq. |
碘化亚铜 | CuI | 190.45 | 0.44g | 0.059eq. |
Et<sub>3</sub>N | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>15</sub>N | 101.19 | 14.25g | 3.62eq. |
DBU | C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>16</sub>N<sub>2</sub> | 152.24 | 35.60 | 6.0eq. |
去离子水 | H<sub>2</sub>O | 18.01 | 0.28g | 0.4eq. |
DMF | C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>NO | 73.09 | 110.0mL | Sol., |
实施例15:
本实施例的4-(4-氟苯基乙炔基)苯酚的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)、称取8.61g的4-氟碘苯加入500mL的三口瓶内,加入110mL的DMF,随后依次加入4.21g三甲基硅基乙炔(Trimethyl silyl acetylene)、0.44g的CuI、0.39g的PdCl2(PPh3)2和14.25g的Et3N,氮气置换三次,60℃搅拌3h。随后再依次加入35.6g的DBU、0.28g去离子水和8.54g的4-碘苯酚,升温至80℃,继续搅拌3h。
(2)、LC-MS监测反应结束后,经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加入两倍体积的水,继续搅拌15min,看到大量固体析出后,过滤,滤饼以大量水洗,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥1h即得7.0g所需产物。纯度为97%以上,收率为85.1%。谱图见图22和图23。
其中,反应方程式为:
表15各试剂的参数
试剂 | 分子式 | 分子量 | 投料量 | 投料比 |
4-氟碘苯 | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>FI | 222.00 | 8.61g | 1.0eq. |
4-碘苯酚 | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>IO | 220.01 | 8.54g | 1.0eq. |
三甲基硅基乙炔 | C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>Si | 98.22 | 4.21g | 1.1eq. |
PdCl<sub>2</sub>(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> | C<sub>36</sub>H<sub>30</sub>C<sub>l2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>Pd | 749.08 | 0.39g | 0.13eq. |
碘化亚铜 | CuI | 190.45 | 0.44g | 0.059eq. |
Et<sub>3</sub>N | C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>15</sub>N | 101.19 | 14.25g | 3.62eq. |
DBU | C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>16</sub>N<sub>2</sub> | 152.24 | 35.60 | 6.0eq. |
去离子水 | H<sub>2</sub>O | 18.01 | 0.28g | 0.4eq. |
DMF | C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>NO | 73.09 | 110.0mL | Sol., |
上述对实施例的描述是为了便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和使用本发明。熟悉本领域技术人员显然可以容易的对这些实施例做出各种修改,并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中,而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此,本发明不限于上述实施例。本领域技术人员根据本发明的原理,不脱离本发明的范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种二芳基乙炔类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:其包括如下步骤:
(1)、在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中依次加入碘代芳烃类化合物、三甲基硅基乙炔、金属催化剂和碱液,搅拌;然后依次加入1,8-二氮杂双环[5,4,0]十一碳-7-烯、水和碘代芳烃类化合物,升高温度,继续搅拌,得到混合液;
(2)、反应结束后,将所述混合液经硅藻土过滤除去多余的金属,在搅拌状态下,加水继续搅拌,大量固体析出后,过滤,洗涤,除去残余的溶剂,固体经真空干燥,即得二芳基乙炔类化合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的二芳基乙炔类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,所述碘代芳烃类化合物中的官能团选自氯、溴、氟、三氟甲基、甲基、乙基、硝基、醛基、甲氧基、氢、吡啶基、羟基或羧酸甲酯中的一种以上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的二芳基乙炔类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,所述金属催化剂为双三苯基磷二氯化钯和碘化亚铜的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的二芳基乙炔类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,所述碱液为三乙胺。
5.根据权利要求1所述的二芳基乙炔类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,所述搅拌的温度为50-70℃,所述搅拌的时间为2-4h。
6.根据权利要求1所述的二芳基乙炔类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,所述升高温度为70-95℃;
优选地,步骤(1)中,所述继续搅拌的时间为2-4h。
7.根据权利要求1所述的二芳基乙炔类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,所述加水的体积为步骤(1)中N,N-二甲基甲酰胺体积的两倍;
优选地,步骤(2)中,所述继续搅拌的时间为10-20min;
优选地,步骤(2)中,所述真空干燥的时间为1-3h。
8.一种二芳基乙炔类化合物,其特征在于:其由权利要求1-7任一项所述的制备方法得到。
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