CN114700077A - 一种三氧化二铁掺杂双相二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种三氧化二铁掺杂双相二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
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- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- LMCBEWMQFKWHGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CC(C)O LMCBEWMQFKWHGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种三氧化二铁掺杂双相二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法及其应用,属于催化剂制备技术领域。首先将三嵌段共聚物置于水溶液中磁力搅拌,然后加入异丙醇钛盐,在温度为90℃下剧烈连续搅拌30‑50min,然后过滤分离得到白色凝胶,用C2H5OH和H2O洗涤,真空干燥,最后煅烧,得到锐钛矿‑板钛矿TiO2;将得到的锐钛矿‑板钛矿TiO2加入C2H5OH,磁力搅拌,然后加入Fe(NO3)3⋅9H2O搅拌,最后加入NaBH4,搅拌混合12h,离心分离得到粉末,用水洗涤后干燥,得到Fe2O3‑双相TiO2催化剂。本发明的使得Fe2O3在表面进行均匀的分布,从而提高催化剂的光催化活性,以及提高降解能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种三氧化二铁掺杂双相二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法及其应用,属于催化剂制备技术领域。
背景技术
TiO2是一种价格低廉的半导体材料,具有较高的氧化能力,以及优秀的催化性能被广泛研究。但是单一的二氧化钛存在一定的缺陷:(1)禁带宽度的不足限制了其对可见光范围的吸附,造成了对光利用效率较低;(2)在半导体中激发状态的电子-空穴容易复合,造成了电子不容易进行跃迁。想要提升TiO2的光催化活性,通常就是进行掺杂,掺杂金属元素可以给TiO2添加一条杂质能带,从而提高催化活性以及对可见光的吸收。在掺杂过程中,人们经常使用的都是贵金属如Au,Ag,Pt等贵金属,其价格较高限制了催化剂的广泛使用。使用双晶型的TiO2,其锐钛矿型和板钛矿混合的晶型,其在催化活性上是大大增强的,将Fe2O3进行掺杂,增强了混合晶型TiO2对可见光的利用效率,可以增加带隙宽度,价格低廉被广泛运用到催化剂。
与传统的TiO2催化剂和Fe2O3-单相TiO2催化剂相比,本发明制备的Fe2O3-双相TiO2(Anatase/Brookite)催化剂具有较高的催化效率。然而,现存的方法,难以制备Fe2O3掺杂双晶相TiO2,更为重要的是对Fe2O3在TiO2表面分布的均匀程度难以控制,没有办法更好的提高催化活性。由于合成和制备Fe2O3-双相TiO2(Anatase/Brookite)催化剂过程不好控制催化剂的形貌,将制备不出催化活性更好的Fe2O3-双相TiO2(Anatase/Brookite)催化剂,因此需要催化活性更好的Fe2O3-双相TiO2(Anatase/Brookite)催化剂制备方法。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术存在的问题及不足,本发明提供一种三氧化二铁掺杂双相二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法及其应用。通过本发明的方法制备得到的Fe2O3掺杂双相TiO2催化剂具有更高的活性和更高的催化能力。本发明通过以下技术方案实现。
一种三氧化二铁掺杂双相二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法,其具体步骤包括:
步骤1、溶胶-凝胶法制备锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2,首先将三嵌段共聚物置于水溶液中磁力搅拌,然后加入异丙醇钛盐,在温度为90℃下剧烈连续搅拌30-50min,然后过滤分离得到白色凝胶,用C2H5OH和H2O洗涤,真空干燥,最后在温度为450-550℃下煅烧4h,得到锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2;
步骤2、浸渍法制备合成Fe掺杂双晶相TiO2,将步骤1得到的锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2加入C2H5OH,磁力搅拌45min,然后加入Fe(NO3)3⋅9H2O搅拌30 min,最后加入NaBH4,搅拌混合12h,离心分离得到粉末,用水洗涤后干燥,得到Fe2O3-双相TiO2(Anatase/Brookite)催化剂。
所述步骤1中三嵌段共聚物与水溶液的固液比为3.5-4.5:25-35g/mL,三嵌段共聚物与异丙醇钛盐质量比为3.5-4.5:9.54-23.85。
所述步骤2中锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2与C2H5OH固液比为3:10-25g/mL。
所述步骤2中NaBH4与C2H5OH固液比为45-55:10-25mg/mL
所述步骤2得到的Fe2O3-双相TiO2催化剂中Fe2O3质量百分比为0.5-1.2%。
一种三氧化二铁掺杂双相二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法制备得到的Fe2O3掺杂双相TiO2催化剂,能应用在降解苯酚过程。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明的方法使得Fe2O3在双晶相TiO2中进行掺杂,使得Fe2O3在表面进行均匀的分布,从而提高催化剂的光催化活性,以及提高降解能力。
(2)本发明采用三嵌段共聚物材料作为基底来制备双晶型TiO2,即锐钛矿和板钛矿组合TiO2;然后双晶型TiO2通过表面吸附化学反应掺杂Fe元素,从而精确控制Fe的含量,使得制备的Fe2O3-TiO2(Anatase/Brookite)催化剂具有更高的活性和更高的催化能力。
(3)本发明制备的Fe2O3-TiO2(Anatase/Brookite)催化剂能应用在降解苯酚。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1制备得到的0.5wt%Fe2O3-TiO2(Anatase/Brookite)催化剂与TiO2、传统的0.5%Fe2O3-TiO2催化剂降解苯酚的降解率对比图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式,对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
该三氧化二铁掺杂双相二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法,其具体步骤包括:
步骤1、溶胶-凝胶法制备锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2P123聚环氧乙烷-聚环氧丙烷-聚环氧乙烷三嵌段共聚物)置于水溶液中磁力搅拌,然后加入异丙醇钛盐,在温度为90℃下剧烈连续搅拌30min,然后过滤分离得到白色凝胶,用C ,首先将三嵌段共聚物(2H5OH和H2O洗涤,真空干燥,最后在温度为450℃下煅烧4h,得到锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2;三嵌段共聚物与水溶液的固液比为3.5:25g/mL,三嵌段共聚物与异丙醇钛盐质量比为3.5:29.54;
步骤2、浸渍法制备合成Fe掺杂双晶相TiO2,将步骤1得到的锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2加入C2H5OH,磁力搅拌45min,然后加入Fe(NO3)3⋅9H2O搅拌30 min,最后加入NaBH4,搅拌混合12h,离心分离得到粉末,用水洗涤后干燥,得到0.5wt%Fe2O3-双相TiO2(Anatase/Brookite)催化剂,其中锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2与C2H5OH固液比为3:10g/mL;NaBH4与C2H5OH固液比为45:10mg/mL。
苯酚降解实验测试
(a)配置溶液:在500mL的容量瓶中配置浓度为20mg/mL的苯酚溶液。
(b)分别称取0.02gTiO2,传统的0.5%Fe2O3-TiO2催化剂,以及实施例1中制备的0.5wt%Fe2O3-双相TiO2(Anatase/Brookite)催化剂样品加入到含有200mL苯酚溶液的400mL反应瓶中。在紫外光照下,每10分钟进行取样离心,进行紫外光检测,其降解率如图1所示。
由图1可以看出在相同的光照强度下,实施例1制备的催化剂的催化效率是最快的,效果最好,纯的TiO2催化剂催化效率最低。
实施例2
该三氧化二铁掺杂双相二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法,其具体步骤包括:
步骤1、溶胶-凝胶法制备锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2,首先将三嵌段共聚物(P123聚环氧乙烷-聚环氧丙烷-聚环氧乙烷三嵌段共聚物)置于水溶液中磁力搅拌,然后加入异丙醇钛盐,在温度为90℃下剧烈连续搅拌45min,然后过滤分离得到白色凝胶,用C2H5OH和H2O洗涤,真空干燥,最后在温度为500℃下煅烧4h,得到锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2;三嵌段共聚物与水溶液的固液比为4:30g/mL,三嵌段共聚物与异丙醇钛盐质量比为4:23.85;
步骤2、浸渍法制备合成Fe掺杂双晶相TiO2,将步骤1得到的锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2加入C2H5OH,磁力搅拌60min,然后加入Fe(NO3)3⋅9H2O搅拌45min,最后加入NaBH4,搅拌混合12h,离心分离得到粉末,用水洗涤后干燥,得到1.2wt%Fe2O3-双相TiO2(Anatase/Brookite)催化剂,其中锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2与C2H5OH固液比为3:20g/mL;NaBH4与C2H5OH固液比为50:20mg/mL。
实施例3
该三氧化二铁掺杂双相二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法,其具体步骤包括:
步骤1、溶胶-凝胶法制备锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2,首先将三嵌段共聚物(P123聚环氧乙烷-聚环氧丙烷-聚环氧乙烷三嵌段共聚物)置于水溶液中磁力搅拌,然后加入异丙醇钛盐,在温度为90℃下剧烈连续搅拌50min,然后过滤分离得到白色凝胶,用C2H5OH和H2O洗涤,真空干燥,最后在温度为550℃下煅烧4h,得到锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2;三嵌段共聚物与水溶液的固液比为4.5:35g/mL,三嵌段共聚物与异丙醇钛盐质量比为4.5:33.39;
步骤2、浸渍法制备合成Fe掺杂双晶相TiO2,将步骤1得到的锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2加入C2H5OH,磁力搅拌45min,然后加入Fe(NO3)3⋅9H2O搅拌60 min,最后加入NaBH4,搅拌混合12h,离心分离得到粉末,用水洗涤后干燥,得到0.8wt%Fe2O3-双相TiO2(Anatase/Brookite)催化剂,其中锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2与C2H5OH固液比为3:25g/mL;NaBH4与C2H5OH固液比为55:25mg/mL。
比表面积(BET)测试
将实施例1至3的Fe2O3-TiO2(Anatase/Brookite)催化剂以及相应实施例步骤1制备得到的锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2进行比表面积测试,计算其表面积之比,结果如表1所示:
表1
实施例 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
表面积之比 | 98% | 97.2% | 94% |
从表1可以看出各实施例与TiO2(Anatase/Brookite)表面积比值,其表面积比值最大的是实施例1所制备的催化剂,催化性能效果最好。
以上结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作了详细说明,但是本发明并不限于上述实施方式,在本领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。
Claims (6)
1.一种三氧化二铁掺杂双相二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于具体步骤包括:
步骤1、溶胶-凝胶法制备锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2,首先将三嵌段共聚物置于水溶液中磁力搅拌,然后加入异丙醇钛盐,在温度为90℃下剧烈连续搅拌30-50min,然后过滤分离得到白色凝胶,用C2H5OH和H2O洗涤,真空干燥,最后在温度为450-550℃下煅烧4h,得到锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2;
步骤2、浸渍法制备合成Fe掺杂双晶相TiO2,将步骤1得到的锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2加入C2H5OH,磁力搅拌45min,然后加入Fe(NO3)3⋅9H2O搅拌30-60min,最后加入NaBH4,搅拌混合12h,离心分离得到粉末,用水洗涤后干燥,得到Fe2O3-双相TiO2催化剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的三氧化二铁掺杂双相二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1中三嵌段共聚物与水溶液的固液比为3.5-4.5:25-35g/mL,三嵌段共聚物与异丙醇钛盐质量比为3.5-4.5:23.85-33.39。
3.根据权利要求1所述的的三氧化二铁掺杂双相二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2中锐钛矿-板钛矿TiO2与C2H5OH固液比为3:10-25g/mL。
4.根据权利要求1所述的的三氧化二铁掺杂双相二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2中NaBH4与C2H5OH固液比为45-55:10-25mg/mL。
5.根据权利要求1所述的的三氧化二铁掺杂双相二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2得到的Fe2O3-双相TiO2催化剂中Fe2O3质量百分比为0.5-1.2%。
6.一种根据权利要求1至5任一所述的三氧化二铁掺杂双相二氧化钛催化剂的制备方法制备得到的Fe2O3掺杂双相TiO2催化剂,能应用在降解苯酚过程。
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