CN114687000A - 一种聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- CTENFNNZBMHDDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dopamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CTENFNNZBMHDDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229960001149 dopamine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- MHABMANUFPZXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-demethyl-aloesaponarin I Natural products O=C1C2=CC=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C MHABMANUFPZXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜及其制备方法。本发明将TiO2纳米颗粒超声分散在DMAC溶液中,再加入二酐和二胺聚合生成TiO2@PAA溶液,通过静电纺丝,制备成TiO2@PAA纳米纤维膜,再经过热亚胺化,得到TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜,加入多巴胺盐酸盐水溶液反应,得到聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI复合纳米纤维膜。聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI复合纳米纤维膜具有孔隙率高、孔径合适、耐高温等特点,其适应性强,应用范围广。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机/无机材料领域,具体涉及电池隔膜材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚酰亚胺(PI)是主链上含有酰亚胺环的且具有优良耐热性、耐化学稳定性、优异力学性能和电性能的一类高分子材料,广泛应用于航空、航天、电气、微电子以及汽车等高新技术领域。聚酰亚胺静电纺丝纳米纤维电池隔膜具有孔隙率高、耐高温及安全等特点,具有较大的应用价值。但是该隔膜孔径较大,容易造成电池微短路。公开号为CN101209609A、CN101656306A、CN108172742A等的专利文献涉及聚酰亚胺与聚烯烃类复合制备电池隔膜,但聚烯烃类隔膜以及复合隔膜不能从根本上提高耐温性能,且复合隔膜容易存在复合层间剥离的问题。
发明内容
基于上述背景技术,有必要研发一种具有孔隙率高、孔径合适、耐高温等的聚酰亚胺复合纳米纤维电池隔膜,充分扩展其应用的广泛性。
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有孔隙率高、孔径合适、耐高温的聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜及其制备方法。
本发明提供的一种聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将二氧化钛纳米颗粒分散在有机溶剂中,再加入二酐和二胺,在搅拌条件下于-5~10℃反应,得到TiO2/PAA溶液(二氧化钛/聚酰胺酸溶液);
将所述TiO2/PAA溶液进行静电纺丝,得到TiO2@PAA纳米纤维膜,将所述TiO2@PAA纳米纤维膜进行干燥并于200~400℃进行亚胺化,得到TiO2/PI纳米纤维膜(二氧化钛/聚酰亚胺纳米纤维膜);
将所述TiO2/PI纳米纤维膜置于多巴胺盐酸盐水溶液中,得到聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜。
优选地,所述二氧化钛纳米颗粒的直径为5~20nm,所述有机溶剂为DMAC(N,N-二甲基乙酰胺)。
优选地,所述二酐为3,3′,4,4′-联苯四甲酸二酐(BPDA),所述二胺为4,4′-二氨基联苯(ODA)。
优选地,所述搅拌条件是指300~1600rpm强烈的机械搅拌。
优选地,所述干燥具体为在50~80℃干燥5~13小时后在50~100℃干燥5~13小时。
优选地,所述多巴胺盐酸盐水溶液的浓度为0.1~1.0mol/L。
所述聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜是多孔复合材料,可以用作电池隔膜,并可以显著提高电池的循环性能。
本发明的有益效果:所述聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜,聚合物的纳米纤维上分布大量的TiO2纳米颗粒,增加了纤维的比表面积,缩小了纤维孔径且具有较大孔体积,提高了锂离子迁移速率,降低了电池内阻;TiO2@PI纳米纤维附着一层聚多巴胺,能够充分浸润并吸附电解液,有利于充分利用活性物质;因此,提高了电池循环寿命。
附图说明
图1为聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜的示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供的一种聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜的制备方法,可以包括以下步骤:
1)预聚阶段:
取一定量直径为5~20nm的TiO2纳米颗粒并超声分散在DMAC溶液中,再加入二酐和二胺,在300~1600rpm强烈的机械搅拌,于-5℃~10℃反应5~13小时,得到特性粘度为2.0~4.5dl/g的TiO2/PAA共混溶液;
2)热亚胺化阶段:
将TiO2/PAA共混溶液进行静电纺丝,得到TiO2@PAA纳米纤维膜,在50~80℃烘5~13小时,再转入真空烘箱在50~100℃干燥5~13小时,在200℃~400℃高温管式炉中进行亚胺化即可得到TiO2/PI纳米纤维膜;
3)TiO2/PI纳米纤维膜生长聚多巴胺
将盐酸多巴胺溶解于pH=8.0的0.1M碳酸氢盐或0.1M磷酸盐缓冲液中,配制成0.1mg/mL的多巴胺盐酸盐水溶液,将TiO2/PI纳米纤维膜加入到新制备的0.1mg/mL的多巴胺盐酸盐水溶液,得到纤维直径为50~400nm聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维电池膜。
在步骤1)中,TiO2在DMAC溶液中超声分散2~6小时,二酐和二胺在TiO2纳米颗粒的DMAC溶液中原位聚合。
在步骤3)中,也可以将TiO2/PI纳米纤维膜放入0.1~1.0mol/L的盐酸多巴胺水溶液中,在25~35℃磁力搅拌避光的条件下反应6~15小时。
所述聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜电池膜中纤维的直径可以控制为50~400nm,TiO2含量可以控制为2%~30%。
下面将结合具体实施例来详细说明本发明所具有的有益效果,旨在帮助阅读者更好地理解本发明的实质,但不能对本发明的实施和保护范围构成任何限定。
实施例一:
(1)预聚阶段:取0.098克20nm的TiO2纳米颗粒并超声分散在DMAC溶液中,将4,4′-二氨基联苯(ODA,1.84g,0.01mol)与3,3′,4,4′-联苯四甲酸二酐(BPDA,2.94g,0.01mol)加入其中,再加入DMAC 63.7g,在700rpm强烈的机械搅拌下,于5℃反应8小时,得到特性粘度为2.5dl/g的TiO2/PAA共混溶液;
(2)热亚胺化阶段:将TiO2/PAA共混溶液进行静电纺丝,得到TiO2@PAA纳米纤维膜,在60℃烘6小时,再转入真空烘箱并在80℃干燥6小时,在320℃高温管式炉中进行亚胺化即可得到含TiO2 2%的TiO2/PI纳米纤维膜;
(3)盐酸多巴胺溶解于0.1M碳酸氢盐或0.1M磷酸盐缓冲液,配制成0.1mg/mL多巴胺盐酸盐水溶液,将TiO2/PI纳米纤维膜加入到新制备的0.1mg/mL多巴胺盐酸盐水溶液中并在室温下聚合18小时,得到一种50-400nm聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI复合纳米纤维电池膜。
实施例二:
(1)预聚阶段:取0.198克20nm的TiO2纳米颗粒并超声分散在DMAC溶液中,将4,4′-二氨基联苯(ODA,1.84g,0.01mol)与3,3′,4,4′-联苯四甲酸二酐(BPDA,2.94g,0.01mol)加入其中,再加入DMAc 63.7g,在700rpm强烈的机械搅拌下,于5℃反应8小时,得到特性粘度为2.5dl/g的TO2/PAA共混溶液;
(2)热亚胺化阶段:将TiO2/PAA共混溶液进行静电纺丝,得到TiO2@PAA纳米纤维膜,在60℃烘6小时,再转入真空烘箱在80℃干燥6小时,在320℃高温管式炉中进行亚胺化即可得到含TiO2 4%的TiO2/PI纳米纤维膜;
(3)盐酸多巴胺溶解于0.1M碳酸氢盐或0.1M磷酸盐缓冲液,配制成0.1mg/mL多巴胺盐酸盐水溶液,将TiO2/PI纳米纤维膜加入到新制备的0.1mg/mL多巴胺盐酸盐水溶液并在室温下聚合18小时,得到一种50-400nm聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI复合纳米纤维电池膜。
实施例三:
(1)预聚阶段:取0.293克20nm的TiO2纳米颗粒并超声分散在DMAC溶液中,将4,4′-二氨基联苯(ODA,1.84g,0.01mol)与3,3′,4,4′-联苯四甲酸二酐(BPDA,2.94g,0.01mol)加入其中,再加入DMAc 63.7g,在700rpm强烈的机械搅拌下,于5℃反应8小时,得到特性粘度为2.5dl/g的TO2/PAA共混溶液;
(2)热亚胺化阶段:将TiO2/PAA共混溶液进行静电纺丝,得到TiO2@PAA纳米纤维膜,在60℃烘6小时,再转入真空烘箱在80℃干燥6小时,在320℃高温管式炉中进行亚胺化即可得到含TiO2 6%的TiO2/PI纳米纤维膜;
(3)盐酸多巴胺溶解于0.1M碳酸氢盐或0.1M磷酸盐缓冲液,配制成0.1mg/mL多巴胺盐酸盐水溶液,将TiO2/PI纳米纤维膜加入到新制备的0.1mg/mL多巴胺盐酸盐水溶液并在室温下聚合18小时,得到一种50-400nm聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI复合纳米纤维电池膜。
实施例四:
(1)预聚阶段:取0.0.390克20nm的TiO2纳米颗粒并超声分散在DMAC溶液中,将4,4′-二氨基联苯(ODA,1.84g,0.01mol)与3,3′,4,4′-联苯四甲酸二酐(BPDA,2.94g,0.01mol)加入其中,再加入DMAc 63.7g,在700rpm强烈的机械搅拌下,于5℃反应8小时,得到特性粘度为2.5dl/g的TO2/PAA共混溶液;
(2)热亚胺化阶段:将TiO2/PAA共混溶液进行静电纺丝,得到TiO2@PAA纳米纤维膜,在60℃烘6小时,再转入真空烘箱在80℃干燥6小时,在320℃高温管式炉中进行亚胺化即可得到含TiO2 8%的TiO2/PI纳米纤维膜;
(3)盐酸多巴胺溶解于0.1M碳酸氢盐或0.1M磷酸盐缓冲液,配制0.1mg/mL多巴胺盐酸盐水溶液,将TiO2/PI纳米纤维膜加入到新制备的0.1mg/mL多巴胺盐酸盐水溶液室温下聚合18小时,得到一种50-400nm聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI复合纳米纤维电池膜。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将二氧化钛纳米颗粒分散在有机溶剂中,再加入二酐和二胺,在搅拌条件下于-5~10℃反应,得到TiO2/PAA溶液;
将所述TiO2/PAA溶液进行静电纺丝,得到TiO2@PAA纳米纤维膜,将所述TiO2@PAA纳米纤维膜进行干燥并于200~400℃进行亚胺化,得到TiO2/PI纳米纤维膜;
将所述TiO2/PI纳米纤维膜置于多巴胺盐酸盐水溶液中,得到聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述二氧化钛纳米颗粒的直径为5~20nm,所述有机溶剂为DMAC。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述二酐为3,3′,4,4′-联苯四甲酸二酐,所述二胺为4,4′-二氨基联苯。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述搅拌条件是指300~1600rpm强烈的机械搅拌。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述干燥具体为在50~80℃干燥5~13小时后在50~100℃干燥5~13小时。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述多巴胺盐酸盐水溶液的浓度为0.1~1.0mol/L。
7.根据权利要求1~6任一权利要求所述的方法得到的聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜。
8.根据权利要求7所述的聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜的应用,其特征在于:所述聚多巴胺@TiO2@PI纳米纤维膜用作电池隔膜。
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