CN114683653B - 一种耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114683653B CN114683653B CN202210520254.0A CN202210520254A CN114683653B CN 114683653 B CN114683653 B CN 114683653B CN 202210520254 A CN202210520254 A CN 202210520254A CN 114683653 B CN114683653 B CN 114683653B
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- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料及其制备方法。耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法包括:步骤一:将相变材料熔融并加入多孔材料中,制得吸热层;步骤二:在吸热层的表面喷涂隔热涂层并烘干;步骤三:将若干连续纤维增强树脂复合材料、步骤二中喷涂隔热涂层的吸热层进行层叠铺放得到层叠体,并将层叠体的侧面涂敷耐高温树脂胶液密封,经热压固化得到耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料;若干连续纤维增强树脂复合材料形成耐烧蚀层。耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料由耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法制备而成。本发明制得的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料在隔热的同时还能吸热来减少热量扩散,延长烧蚀时间,扩大应用范围,兼顾耐高温性能的同时还满足对耐烧蚀材料薄度的需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及热防护材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
热防护复合材料通常是一种为保证飞行器在特殊的气动热环境下正常工作的专用功能复合材料,其不但要防护飞行器在气动热环境中免遭烧毁损坏,而且要使被防护的结构及其内部的装置温度保持在给定的温度范围内,不致因热量传入过多而影响使用。目前,热防护复合材料应用越来越广泛,如用在新能源汽车的动力电池上,这也对对热防护复合材料的性能要求越来越高,不仅要满足阻燃、隔热性能,还要具备质轻、高机械强度等性能。
传统的热防护材料常常使用阻燃树脂浆料浸渍的纤维增强材料,并通过增加热防护层的用量来优化隔热性能。但是,纤维增强树脂材料的密度往往较高,厚度较大,而在动力电池领域应用时,电池模组又往往需求厚度更薄的耐烧蚀材料,因此,如何保证耐烧蚀材料在具备较薄的厚度仍具有较高性能,成为目前对耐烧蚀材料的研究亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法,以同时兼顾耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的薄度和耐高温性能;本发明的目的还在于提供一种耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料,在隔热的同时还进行吸热来减少热量的扩散,进而延长烧蚀时间,扩大应用范围。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法,包括:
步骤一:将相变材料熔融并加入多孔材料中,制得吸热层;
步骤二:在吸热层的表面喷涂隔热涂层并烘干;
步骤三:将若干连续纤维增强树脂复合材料、步骤二中喷涂隔热涂层的吸热层进行层叠铺放得到层叠体,并将层叠体的侧面涂敷耐高温树脂胶液密封,经热压固化得到耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料;若干连续纤维增强树脂复合材料形成耐烧蚀层。
进一步的,步骤三中,层叠体还包括防护层,所述防护层紧贴吸热层铺放设置。
进一步的,耐烧蚀层的厚度为0.5mm~1.2mm,吸热层的厚度为0.1mm~0.4mm,防护层的厚度为0.8mm~1.5mm。
优选的,步骤二中的烘干温度为50~90℃,烘干时间为3~24h;步骤三中的热压温度为100~180℃,热压时间为15min~100min。
优选的,步骤一中的相变材料采用多元醇类、水合盐组分中的一种或两种的混合。
优选的,步骤一中的多孔材料采用开孔泡沫材料或纤维织物。
优选的,步骤二中的隔热涂层采用含气凝胶的浆料,按重量组分计算包括气凝胶粉10~50%、胶粘剂20~50%、分散剂1~5%、水50~80%、成膜助剂1~5%;胶粘剂为硅溶胶、铝溶胶、钠水玻璃、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、丙烯酸乳液、乳胶粉、改性淀粉、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种;所述分散剂为焦磷酸钠、聚丙烯酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、硬脂酰胺、山梨醇聚醚四油酸酯、纤维素和聚乙二醇的一种或多种;所述成膜助剂为苯甲醇、乙二醇丁醚、丙二醇苯醚、醇酯-12中的一种或多种。
优选的,所述连续纤维增强树脂复合材料中的纤维采用碳纤维、玄武岩纤维、高硅氧纤维、玻璃纤维中的一种或几种的组合,连续纤维增强树脂复合材料中的树脂采用酚醛树脂、糠酮树脂、苯并噁嗪树脂、不饱和树脂或环氧树脂。
进一步的,树脂成分中还含有阻燃剂,阻燃剂的添加量为树脂总质量的5~40%。
本发明的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的技术方案是:
一种耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料,采用上述耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法的技术方案制备而成。
耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料,包括依次层叠铺设的耐烧蚀层和吸热层,吸热层与耐烧蚀层之间设有粘结层,耐烧蚀层为若干连续纤维增强树脂复合材料层,吸热层为相变材料与多孔材料熔融而成的复合层,吸热层的表面设置有隔热涂层;耐烧蚀层和吸热层的侧面涂敷耐高温树脂胶液密封形成密封层。
进一步的,在吸热层下面还铺设有防护层,吸热层与防护层之间设有粘结层,防护层的侧面涂敷耐高温树脂胶液密封。
进一步的,耐烧蚀层的厚度为0.5mm~1.2mm,吸热层的厚度为0.1mm~0.4mm,防护层的厚度为0.8mm~1.5mm。
优选的,相变材料采用多元醇类、水合盐组分中的一种或两种的混合。
优选的,多孔材料采用开孔泡沫材料或纤维织物。
优选的,隔热涂层采用含气凝胶的浆料,按重量组分计算包括气凝胶粉10~50%、胶粘剂20~50%、分散剂1~5%、水50~80%、成膜助剂1~5%;胶粘剂为硅溶胶、铝溶胶、钠水玻璃、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、丙烯酸乳液、乳胶粉、改性淀粉、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种;所述分散剂为焦磷酸钠、聚丙烯酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、硬脂酰胺、山梨醇聚醚四油酸酯、纤维素和聚乙二醇的一种或多种;所述成膜助剂为苯甲醇、乙二醇丁醚、丙二醇苯醚、醇酯-12中的一种或多种。
优选的,连续纤维增强树脂复合材料中的纤维采用碳纤维、玄武岩纤维、高硅氧纤维、玻璃纤维中的一种或几种的组合,连续纤维增强树脂复合材料中的树脂采用酚醛树脂、糠酮树脂、苯并噁嗪树脂、不饱和树脂或环氧树脂。
进一步的,树脂成分中还含有阻燃剂,阻燃剂的添加量为树脂总质量的5~40%。
本发明的有益效果:
1、相比于现有技术中的耐烧蚀材料全部采用纤维增强树脂材料,本发明的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料不仅具有耐烧蚀层,还有吸热层,当受到强烈热冲击时,一方面耐烧蚀层因具有耐高温的纤维以及阻燃树脂组分,能够抵挡住高温火焰的热冲击,另一方面吸热层能够将从耐烧蚀层传导的热量进行吸收,降低温度,减小火焰力度,延长烧蚀时间。加热层的设置不仅保证了耐烧蚀材料的耐高温性能,同时能相应减少耐烧蚀层的设置,即降低耐烧蚀层的厚度,在兼顾耐高温性能的同时满足动力电池领域中电池模组对耐烧蚀材料薄度的需求。
2、本发明耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的吸热层由多孔材料和相变材料复合得到,多孔材料中的缝隙给予相变材料一定的存储空间,同时,外层的耐烧蚀层、防护层以及边缘的密封层使相变材料稳定设置在多孔材料中,在受热时,相变材料由固态相变为液体,此时密封的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料不发生漏液现象。
3、本发明耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料中在吸热层的表面涂敷一层隔热涂层,将纤维增强树脂材料与相变材料隔开,使两者不直接接触,保证限位增强树脂材料的正常固化;另外隔热涂层隔绝了热量,在吸热层与耐烧蚀层以及防护层的层叠成型过程中,避免因粘结层固化产生的高温而使固态相变材料发生一定液态相变现象,若相变材料在胶液固化时变为液态,则会影响胶液的固化反应,使固化反应不完全,从而导致最终制备的耐烧蚀材料发生分层现象。因此,隔热涂层的加入还优化了整体的制备工艺。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述。
本发明的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法包括以下三个步骤:
步骤一:采用熔融浸渍法将相变材料熔融并加入多孔材料中,然后在低温下放置凝固,制得吸热层;本步骤在将相变材料浸渍到多孔材料时,先使用高温熔融相变材料,然后将多孔材料直接浸泡到相变材料中进行浸渍或者将熔融的相变材料通过压延方式压入多孔材料中实现浸渍。
步骤二:在吸热层的表面喷涂隔热涂层并烘干,然后在烘干的隔热涂层表面涂敷耐高温树脂胶液;吸热层表面是指在步骤三中进行层叠铺放时与耐烧蚀层平行的面,同时,可以将隔热涂层喷涂在这样的吸热层一侧的表面或者两侧的表面。
步骤三:将连续纤维增强树脂复合材料裁切合适的尺寸,然后依次将一定尺寸的连续纤维增强树脂复合材料、步骤二中喷涂隔热涂层的吸热层进行层叠铺放得到层叠体,其中,连续纤维增强树脂复合材料形成耐烧蚀层,在层叠体的所有侧面涂敷耐高温树脂胶液密封,经热压固化得到耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料。本步骤中,在层叠铺放时,吸热层中喷涂有隔热涂层的表面要紧贴耐烧蚀层。
下面以具体的实施例对本发明的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法进行详细说明。
实施例1
本实施例的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法:
步骤一:先使用高温熔融相变材料,然后将多孔材料直接浸泡到相变材料中进行浸渍,在低温下放置凝固后制得吸热层,其中相变材料采用水合盐,如Na2SO4·10H2O;多孔材料采用开孔泡沫材料;
步骤二:在吸热层的表面喷涂隔热涂层并烘干,然后在烘干的隔热涂层表面涂敷耐高温树脂胶液;这里的吸热层的表面是指在步骤三中进行层叠铺放时与耐烧蚀层的平行的上下两侧表面;其中隔热涂层采用含气凝胶的浆料,该浆料包括如下比例的成分:气凝胶粉10%、胶粘剂20%、分散剂2%、水50%、成膜助剂3%。其中,胶粘剂为硅溶胶,分散剂为焦磷酸钠,成膜助剂为苯甲醇。在吸热层表面使用气凝胶隔热涂层,一方面防止在步骤三热压固化时耐烧蚀层固化不完全,另一方面,气凝胶隔热涂层给予整个耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料优异的隔热性能,阻止热量从耐烧蚀层向吸热层的快速传递。
步骤三:将连续纤维增强树脂复合材料裁切出合适的尺寸,然后依次将一定尺寸的连续纤维增强树脂复合材料、步骤二中喷涂隔热涂层的吸热层进行层叠铺放得到层叠体,其中,连续纤维增强树脂复合材料形成耐烧蚀层,在制作耐烧蚀层时,连续纤维增强树脂复合材料层中的纤维采用碳纤维,树脂采用酚醛树脂,树脂中含有阻燃剂,所述阻燃剂为氢氧化铝,阻燃剂的加入量为酚醛树脂总质量的8%;吸热层中喷涂有隔热涂层的表面要紧贴耐烧蚀层;同时,层叠体的所有侧面涂敷耐高温树脂胶液进行密封,耐高温树脂胶液成分与耐烧蚀层使用的树脂成分相同,最后经热压固化得到耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料;热压温度为100℃,热压时间为100min。
本实施例中的耐烧蚀层的厚度0.8mm,吸热层的厚度0.4mm。
本实施例制备的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的力学性能为:拉伸性能148.75MPa、压缩强度171.78MPa、弯曲强度218.16MPa、剪切强度23.49MPa、冲击强度51.1kJ/m2;本申请的力学性能测试参照本领域常规的测试手段进行。
本实施例所制得的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料最高能在1350℃下烧蚀30min不烧穿。
实施例2
本实施例与上述实施例1的区别在于:本实施例中,连续纤维增强树脂复合材料层中的纤维采用单向玄武岩纤维和高硅氧纤维,树脂采用环氧树脂,树脂中含有阻燃剂,所述阻燃剂为氢氧化镁,阻燃剂的加入量为酚醛树脂总质量的25%。
制备方法中,步骤一中的相变材料采用多元醇类,如采用季戊四醇,多孔材料采用纤维织物,如碳纤维布;
步骤二中隔热涂层喷涂在吸热层中与耐烧蚀紧贴的一侧表面,隔热涂层仍采用含气凝胶的浆料,该浆料包括如下比例的成分:气凝胶粉20%、胶粘剂30%、分散剂1%、水60%、成膜助剂5%。其中,胶粘剂为钠水玻璃,分散剂为硬脂酰胺,成膜助剂为乙二醇丁醚;吸热层的烘干温度为60℃,烘干时间为15h;
步骤三中,依次将单向玄武岩纤维、高硅氧纤维叠片铺放,然后将步骤二喷涂了隔热涂层的吸热层紧贴单向玄武岩纤维进行平铺即得到层叠体;进行热压固化时,热压温度为180℃,热压时间为20min。
本实施例制备的耐烧蚀复合材中耐烧蚀层的厚度1.0mm,吸热层的厚度0.3mm;
本实施例制备的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的力学性能为:拉伸性能142.45MPa、压缩强度163.55MPa、弯曲强度208.45 MPa、剪切强度20.05MPa、冲击强度48.6 kJ/m 2 ;本申请的力学性能测试参照本领域常规的测试手段进行。
所制得的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料最高能在1350℃下烧蚀30min不烧穿。
实施例3
本实施例与上述实施例1的区别在于:本实施例中,连续纤维增强树脂复合材料层中的纤维采用多轴向玻璃纤维和碳纤维,树脂采用糠酮树脂,树脂中含有阻燃剂,阻燃剂的加入量为酚醛树脂总质量的40%。
相变材料采用脂类,如硬脂酸;多孔材料采用纤维织物。
步骤二中的烘干温度为70℃,烘干时间为12h,在吸热层的两侧表面均喷涂上隔热涂层;步骤三中,依次将碳纤维、玻璃纤维叠片铺放,然后将步骤二喷涂了隔热涂层的吸热层紧贴玻璃纤维进行平铺即得到层叠体;进行热压固化时,热压温度为210℃,热压时间为60min。
隔热涂层仍采用含气凝胶的浆料,该浆料包括如下比例的成分:气凝胶粉50%、胶粘剂50%、分散剂5%、水80%、成膜助剂5%。其中,胶粘剂为乳胶粉,分散剂为纤维素,成膜助剂为醇酯-12。
本实施例制备的耐烧蚀复合材中耐烧蚀层的厚度1.2mm,吸热层的厚度0.1mm。
本实施例制备的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的力学性能为:拉伸性能142.75 MPa、压缩强度164.50MPa、弯曲强度208.55 MPa、剪切强度19.35 MPa、冲击强度48.8 kJ/m 2 ;本申请的力学性能测试参照本领域常规的测试手段进行。
所制得的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料最高能在1350℃下烧蚀30min不烧穿。
实施例4
本实施例与上述实施例1的区别仅在于:本实施例中,在制作层叠体时,将一定尺寸的连续纤维增强树脂复合材料、喷涂隔热涂层的吸热层以及防护层进行层叠铺放得到层叠体,防护层紧贴吸热层铺放设置,防护层为铝箔。
相应的,本实施例制备的耐烧蚀复合材中耐烧蚀层的厚度0.5mm,吸热层的厚度0.1mm,防护层厚度为1.2mm;本实施例制备的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的力学性能为:拉伸性能143.15MPa、压缩强度165.50MPa、弯曲强度207.55MPa、剪切强度21.05MPa、冲击强度49.5kJ/m2;本申请的力学性能测试参照本领域常规的测试手段进行。
所制得的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料最高能在1350℃下烧蚀30min不烧穿。
当然,本发明的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法不局限上述四种实施例,在实际制备时,可以根据实际的需要来选择不同种类的相变材料和不同种类的多孔材料的组合、不同含量的隔热涂层以及合适的烘干温度、热压温度和热压时间,比如:
(1)相变材料还可以采用油类,也可以采用脂类、油类和水合盐组分中多种的混合,此时多孔材料仍然可以采用开孔泡沫材料或纤维织物;(2)连续纤维增强树脂复合材料中的纤维还可以采用高硅氧纤维;(3)步骤二中的烘干温度处于50~90℃这一范围内即可满足要求,同样的,步骤三中的热压温度处于100~180℃,热压时间为15min~100min这一范围内即可;(4)隔热涂层采用的含气凝胶的浆料包括以下比例范围的成分:气凝胶粉10~50%、胶粘剂20~50%、分散剂1~5%、水50~80%、成膜助剂1~5%;在具体选择时,胶粘剂还可选择铝溶胶、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、丙烯酸乳液、改性淀粉、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种,分散剂选择聚丙烯酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、山梨醇聚醚四油酸酯、和聚乙二醇的一种或多种,成膜助剂还可选择丙二醇苯醚或者苯甲醇、乙二醇丁醚、丙二醇苯醚、醇酯-12中多种的组合;(5)耐烧蚀层的厚度为0.5mm~1.2mm,吸热层的厚度为0.1mm~0.4mm,防护层的厚度为0.8mm~1.5mm在这一范围内均符合要求。
采用上述各实施例的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法所制得的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料具有以下优势:
(1)相比于现有技术中的耐烧蚀材料全部采用纤维增强树脂材料,本发明制备的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料不仅具有耐烧蚀层,还有吸热层,当受到强烈热冲击时,一方面耐烧蚀层因具有耐高温的纤维以及阻燃树脂组分,能够抵挡住高温火焰的热冲击,另一方面吸热层能够将从耐烧蚀层传导的热量进行吸收,降低温度,减小火焰力度,延长烧蚀时间。加热层的设置不仅保证了耐烧蚀材料的耐高温性能,同时能相应减少耐烧蚀层的设置,即降低耐烧蚀层的厚度,在兼顾耐高温性能的同时满足动力电池领域中电池模组对耐烧蚀材料薄度的需求;
(2)本发明制备的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的吸热层由多孔材料和相变材料复合得到,多孔材料中的缝隙给予相变材料一定的存储空间。同时,在设置防护层时,外层的耐烧蚀层、防护层以及边缘的密封层使相变材料稳定设置在多孔材料中,在受热时,相变材料由固态相变为液体,此时密封的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料不发生漏液现象;
(3)在层叠成型的过程中,在隔热涂层的隔热作用下,相变材料不会由固态变为液态,保证最终制得的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料性能。
本发明的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的具体实施例:
本发明的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料由上述实施例中的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法制备而成。采用上述耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法的实施例1、实施例2和实施例3制得的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料包括耐烧蚀层、吸热层和防护层,其中,吸热层与耐烧蚀层之间、吸热层与防护层之间均设有粘结层,吸热层为相变材料与多孔材料熔融而成的复合层,吸热层的表面设置有隔热涂层;耐烧蚀层、吸热层和防护层的侧面密封形成密封层。
其中,粘接层和密封层均采用耐高温树脂胶液,在上述耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法实施例中,步骤二的隔热涂层表面涂敷的耐高温树脂胶液即形成粘接层,步骤三中层叠体所有侧面涂敷的耐高温树脂胶液形成密封层。
采用上述耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法的实施例4制得的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料包括耐烧蚀层、吸热层和密封层。
其中,耐烧蚀层、吸热层、防护层和隔热涂层的材料与上述耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法实施例中所描述的耐烧蚀层、吸热层、防护层和隔热涂层的材料对应相同,在此不再一一赘述。
以上所述的本发明的实施方式,并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。任何在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包括在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
步骤一:将相变材料熔融并加入多孔材料中,制得吸热层,其中,多孔材料采用开孔泡沫材料或纤维织物;
步骤二:在吸热层的表面喷涂隔热涂层并烘干,其中,隔热涂层采用含气凝胶的浆料,按重量组分计算包括气凝胶粉10%、胶粘剂20%、分散剂2%、水50%、成膜助剂3%;胶粘剂为硅溶胶、铝溶胶、钠水玻璃、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、丙烯酸乳液、乳胶粉、改性淀粉、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种;所述分散剂为焦磷酸钠、聚丙烯酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、硬脂酰胺、山梨醇聚醚四油酸酯、纤维素和聚乙二醇的一种或多种;所述成膜助剂为苯甲醇、乙二醇丁醚、丙二醇苯醚、醇酯-12中的一种或多种;
步骤三:将若干连续纤维增强树脂复合材料、步骤二中喷涂隔热涂层的吸热层进行层叠铺放得到层叠体,所述层叠体还包括防护层,在所述吸热层下铺设所述防护层,所述吸热层与所述防护层之间设有粘结层,并将层叠体的侧面涂敷耐高温树脂胶液密封,经热压固化得到耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料;若干连续纤维增强树脂复合材料形成耐烧蚀层,吸热层中喷涂有隔热涂层的表面贴合耐烧蚀层;
其中,耐烧蚀层的厚度为0.5mm~1.2mm,吸热层的厚度为0.1mm~0.4mm,防护层的厚度为0.8mm~1.5mm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤二中的烘干温度为50~90℃,烘干时间为3~24h;步骤三中的热压温度为100~220℃,热压时间为15min~100min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤一中的相变材料采用多元醇类、水合盐组分中的一种或两种的混合。
4.根据权利要求1~3任意一项所述的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述连续纤维增强树脂复合材料中的纤维采用碳纤维、玄武岩纤维、高硅氧纤维、玻璃纤维中的一种或几种的组合,连续纤维增强树脂复合材料中的树脂采用酚醛树脂、糠酮树脂、苯并噁嗪树脂、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂中的一种或几种的组合。
5.根据权利要求4所述的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,树脂成分中还含有阻燃剂,阻燃剂的添加量为树脂总质量的5%~40%。
6.一种耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料,其特征在于,采用权利要求1~5任意一项所述的耐烧蚀气凝胶复合材料的制备方法制备得到。
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