CN114670509B - 用于钎焊电池液冷板的高强度铝合金复合板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
用于钎焊电池液冷板的高强度铝合金复合板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 aluminum-titanium-boron Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XEVZIAVUCQDJFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Fe].[Si] Chemical compound [Cr].[Fe].[Si] XEVZIAVUCQDJFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum copper Chemical compound [Al].[Cu] WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CYUOWZRAOZFACA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum iron Chemical compound [Al].[Fe] CYUOWZRAOZFACA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了用于钎焊电池液冷板的高强度铝合金复合板及其制备方法,复合板由流道板和基板经焊接后热轧而成,所述流道板从上至下依次依次为钎焊层、阻挡层、芯材;所述基板从上至下依次为阻挡层、芯材;其中,钎焊层采用4系铝合金,阻挡层采用3系或1系铝合金,芯材采用6系铝合金;本发明的有益效果是,并且在隧道率或者真空钎焊后,放置在自然环境或者人工时效环境中,材料的强度会有提升,所以整体的结构强度有提升,提升比例在50份以上,从而解决了钎焊式液冷板的强度偏低问题,从而可以有效降低材料厚度,实现电池冷却的同时,对汽车轻量化起到一定作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及铝合金板复合板加工技术领域,特别是用于钎焊电池液冷板的高强度铝合金复合板及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前新能源汽车发展方兴未艾,新能源电池是汽车的关键部件,由此动力电池的冷却就尤为重要;目前用于电池冷却的部件为液冷板,流行的方式是两片式钎焊,焊接多采用隧道炉或者真空钎焊工艺,而其中隧道炉钎焊工艺占绝大多数;隧道炉钎焊的原理是使用4系铝合金,如4343或者4045,对3系铝合金进行钎焊连接,因为4系铝合金的熔点多在600℃以下,而3系铝合金的熔点在610℃以上,由此形成了钎焊的窗口,实现钎焊;也就是说,通过热轧过程,将3系铝合金和4系铝合金复合,形成层状复合材料,然后冲压流道,形成流道板,然后再和另外一块3系铝合金基板进行组装,经过钎焊炉,4系铝合金熔化,对流道板和基板进行焊接,形成了密闭的流道,流过的制冷剂对安装在液冷板的电池单元进行冷却,实现热交换的目的;
目前,经过隧道炉或者真空钎焊工艺制作的流道板,均需要经过较高的温度,3系铝合金的强度大幅下降,导致整个动力电池液冷板的结构强度较低,在后续的车辆服役过程中,存在着变形和开裂的风险。
此外,材料的强度较低,需要采用较厚的铝板制作液冷板以保证整个液冷板的刚度,满足车辆服役寿命的要求,这对于车辆轻量化有负面影响;
鉴于上述情况,有必要对现有的铝合金复合板及其制备方式加以改进,使其能够适应现在对铝合金复合板加工使用的需要。
发明内容
由于现有的铝合金复合板使用效果不佳,不能满足人们的使用需求,因此我们在现有技术缺陷的基础上设计了一种用于钎焊电池液冷板的高强度铝合金复合板及其制备方法,能够满足整体材料刚度的同时能够做到轻量化,便于企业进行运用。
实现上述目的本发明的技术方案为,用于钎焊电池液冷板的高强度铝合金复合板,由流道板和基板经焊接后热轧而成,所述流道板从上至下依次依次为钎焊层、阻挡层、芯材;所述基板从上至下依次为阻挡层、芯材;其中,钎焊层采用4系铝合金,阻挡层采用3系或1系铝合金,芯材采用6系铝合金。
对本技术方案的进一步补充,所述流道板的钎焊层截面面积占比在3-20份。
对本技术方案的进一步补充,所述流道板、基板上的阻挡层的截面面积占比在3-20份。
对本技术方案的进一步补充,所述芯材由以下质量份的组分组成:Mg0.25-1.5份,Si0.2-1.25份,Zn0.2-0.35份,Cu0.2-0.4份,Mn0.4-0.8份,Ti0.04-0.09份,Sr0.01-0.04份,Zr0.03-1.2份,6-13份BN,8-10份SiaN,2-5份A1N,3-5份Ti0,0.5-1份VC,1.5-5.5份SiC,杂质总量≤0.05份,单个杂质元素含量≤0.01份,余量为Al。
对本技术方案的进一步补充,所述钎焊层由以下质量份的组成组成:Mg0.3-0.8份,Si为0.2-0.3份,Fe为0.2-0.4份,Cu为0.4-1.5份,Mn为0.20-0.26份,Cr为0.2-0.29份,Zn为6-7.4份,Zr为0.05-0.15份,Ti为0.12-0.18份,余量为Al。
对本技术方案的进一步补充,所述阻挡层由以下质量份的组成组成:Si为0.2-0.3份,Fe为0.1-0.5份,Cu为0.8-2.0份,Mn为0.40-0.60份,Cr为0.08-0.20份,Zn为0.5-1.2份,Zr为0.12-0.31份,Ti为0.09-0.12份,余量为Al。
对本技术方案的进一步补充,所述芯材的制备工艺包括以下步骤:
步骤一:熔炼锻造;
步骤二:头尾锯切和铣面;
步骤三:物料匹配和焊接固定;
步骤四:热轧;
步骤五:冷轧;
步骤六:退火;
步骤七:分切;
其中,熔炼锻造的浇注温度为640-720℃;热轧预热温度440-550℃,成品退火温度为250-420℃。
对本技术方案的进一步补充,所述钎焊层的制备工艺包括以下步骤:
一、按照各元素质量百分比:Mg0.3-0.8份,Si为0.2-0.3份,Fe为0.2-0.4份,Cu为0.4-1.5份,Mn为0.20-0.26份,Cr为0.2-0.29份,Zn为6-7.4份,Zr为0.05-0.15份,Ti为0.12-0.18份,余量为Al的比例分别称取纯铝锭、纯镁锭、铝硅中间合金、铝钛硼晶粒细化剂、铁硅铬合金;
二、将步骤一称取的纯铝锭、纯锌锭、铝硅中间合金、铁硅铬合金、铝铜中间合金和铝铁中间合金加入到熔炼炉中,设置熔炼温度为700℃-740℃,进行熔化、搅拌及除渣后加入纯镁锭,并加入1号覆盖剂,熔炼15min-30min,然后采用Ar-C1,混合气精炼至每100克铝合金熔体中的氢含量≤0.25mL,再静置30min,获得铝合金熔液;
三、将步骤二得到的铝合金熔液依次经过30ppi和50ppi的陶瓷过滤片过滤,然后浇注至结晶器中,并同时将铝钛硼晶粒细化剂插入流槽中,均匀熔入铝合金熔液中;
四、待铝合金熔液全部流入结晶器中后,在温度为680℃-720℃、水压为0.03MPa-0.10MPa、速度为40mm/min-55mm/min的条件下进行铸造,铸造成4系铝合金铸锭;
五、将步骤四得到的4系铝合金铸锭铣面后,加热至温度达到450℃-480℃,进行热轧至预定厚度,得到热轧板坯后剪切至预定长度及宽度。
一种用于钎焊电池液冷板的高强度铝合金复合板制备方法,包括以下工作步骤:
1)分别制造流道板和基板;
2)将流道板上的钎焊层、阻挡层、芯材以及基板上的阻挡层、芯材依次叠置并焊接;
3)焊接后开始热轧,开轧温度500℃,终轧温度470℃,获得热轧板坯;
4)热轧板坯分别进行冷粗轧、中轧、精轧,至成品厚度,在该厚度下进行成品退火,退火温度为220-420℃,保温1-15小时,出炉后经过拉矫剪切制得成品;
其中,成品厚度为0.5-3mm。
对本技术方案的进一步补充,步骤4)中退火包括一次退火和二次退火,所述一次退火为差温退火,所述差温退火的具体步骤包括:首先升温至220-245℃并保温1-2h,然后升温至400-420℃并保温30-40min,最后降温至280-295℃并保温7-8h;所述二次退火的条件包括:退火温度为400-420℃,退火时间为3-3.8h。
其有益效果在于,本发明铝合金复合板能够达到屈服强度40-70MPa;抗拉强度85-150MPa;延伸率15-40份;并且在隧道率或者真空钎焊后,放置在自然环境或者人工时效环境中,材料的强度会有提升,所以整体的结构强度有提升,提升比例在50份以上,从而解决了钎焊式液冷板的强度偏低问题,从而可以有效降低材料厚度,实现电池冷却的同时,对汽车轻量化起到一定作用;并且使用6系铝合金作为液冷板原材料,其中对于隧道炉焊接有很大的影响,6系铝合金中存在较高比例的Mg元素,在隧道炉焊接的过程中,Mg扩散到铝板的表面与预涂的钎剂发生反应,导致钎剂失效,焊接效果很差,本发明采用复合原理,使用隔离层阻挡Mg的扩散,使6系铝合金可以正常应用于隧道炉钎焊。
具体实施方式
由于现有的隧道炉和真空钎焊使用的钎焊温度,最高超过600℃,在这个温度下,3系铝合金的强度降低很多。主要原因是3系铝合金的强化机理主要为固溶强化,因为两片式水冷板目前使用铝合金板带主要是O态,加工硬化作用比较弱,而且铝合金为面心立方结构,滑移系较多,而三系铝合金对于位错作用的析出相很少,所以组织强化效果也很弱,在钎焊温度下,固溶的金属元素,如Cu和Mn等,也大量析出为金属间化合物相,因此固溶强化效果进一步削弱,强度也会进一步降低,而材料的强度降低,也进一步削弱了液冷板的结构强度和刚度,为此需要增加材料的厚度,补充强度降低的不利影响;但是增加材料厚度的话对于车辆轻量化有负面影响;因此基于此缺陷,我们设计了本技术方案,如下:
实施例1
用于钎焊电池液冷板的高强度铝合金复合板,由流道板和基板经焊接后热轧而成,所述流道板从上至下依次依次为钎焊层、阻挡层、芯材;所述基板从上至下依次为阻挡层、芯材;其中,钎焊层采用4系铝合金,阻挡层采用3系或1系铝合金,芯材采用6系铝合金,所述流道板的钎焊层截面面积占比在8份,所述流道板、基板上的阻挡层的截面面积占比在13份。
其中,所述芯材由以下质量份的组分组成:Mg0.8份,Si0.89份,Zn0.28份,Cu0.3份,Mn0.8份,Ti0.06份,Sr0.025份,Zr0.75份,10份BN,8.5份SiaN,3.5份A1N,4份Ti0,0.75份VC,4份SiC,杂质总量0.04份,单个杂质元素含量0.005份,余量为Al。
其中,所述钎焊层由以下质量份的组成组成:Mg0.7份,Si为0.25份,Fe为0.3份,Cu为0.85份,Mn为0.24份,Cr为0.23份,Zn为6.8份,Zr为0.075份,Ti为0.15份,余量为Al。
所述阻挡层由以下质量份的组成组成:Si为0.25份,Fe为0.4份,Cu为1.5份,Mn为0.45份,Cr为0.13份,Zn为0.95份,Zr为0.22份,Ti为0.1份,余量为Al。
所述芯材的制备工艺包括以下步骤:
步骤一:熔炼锻造;
步骤二:头尾锯切和铣面;
步骤三:物料匹配和焊接固定;
步骤四:热轧;
步骤五:冷轧;
步骤六:退火;
步骤七:分切;
其中,熔炼锻造的浇注温度为640-720℃;热轧预热温度440-550℃,成品退火温度为250-420℃。
所述钎焊层的制备工艺包括以下步骤:
一、按照各元素质量百分比:Mg0.7份,Si为0.25份,Fe为0.3份,Cu为0.85份,Mn为0.24份,Cr为0.23份,Zn为6.8份,Zr为0.075份,Ti为0.15份,余量为Al的比例分别称取纯铝锭、纯镁锭、铝硅中间合金、铝钛硼晶粒细化剂、铁硅铬合金;
二、将步骤一称取的纯铝锭、纯锌锭、铝硅中间合金、铁硅铬合金、铝铜中间合金和铝铁中间合金加入到熔炼炉中,设置熔炼温度为700℃-740℃,进行熔化、搅拌及除渣后加入纯镁锭,并加入1号覆盖剂,熔炼15min-30min,然后采用Ar-C1,混合气精炼至每100克铝合金熔体中的氢含量≤0.25mL,再静置30min,获得铝合金熔液;
三、将步骤二得到的铝合金熔液依次经过30ppi和50ppi的陶瓷过滤片过滤,然后浇注至结晶器中,并同时将铝钛硼晶粒细化剂插入流槽中,均匀熔入铝合金熔液中;
四、待铝合金熔液全部流入结晶器中后,在温度为680℃-720℃、水压为0.03MPa-0.10MPa、速度为40mm/min-55mm/min的条件下进行铸造,铸造成4系铝合金铸锭;
五、将步骤四得到的4系铝合金铸锭铣面后,加热至温度达到450℃-480℃,进行热轧至预定厚度,得到热轧板坯后剪切至预定长度及宽度。
一种用于钎焊电池液冷板的高强度铝合金复合板制备方法,包括以下工作步骤:
1)分别制造流道板和基板;
2)将流道板上的钎焊层、阻挡层、芯材以及基板上的阻挡层、芯材依次叠置并焊接;
3)焊接后开始热轧,开轧温度500℃,终轧温度470℃,获得热轧板坯;
4)热轧板坯分别进行冷粗轧、中轧、精轧,至成品厚度,在该厚度下进行成品退火,退火温度为220-420℃,保温1-15小时,出炉后经过拉矫剪切制得成品;
其中,成品厚度为0.5-3mm。
对本技术方案的进一步补充,步骤4)中退火包括一次退火和二次退火,所述一次退火为差温退火,所述差温退火的具体步骤包括:首先升温至220-245℃并保温1-2h,然后升温至400-420℃并保温30-40min,最后降温至280-295℃并保温7-8h;所述二次退火的条件包括:退火温度为400-420℃,退火时间为3-3.8h。
经过上述制备,铝合金复合板能够达到屈服强度40-70MPa;抗拉强度85-150MPa;延伸率15-40份。
实施例2
用于钎焊电池液冷板的高强度铝合金复合板,由流道板和基板经焊接后热轧而成,所述流道板从上至下依次依次为钎焊层、阻挡层、芯材;所述基板从上至下依次为阻挡层、芯材;其中,钎焊层采用4系铝合金,阻挡层采用3系或1系铝合金,芯材采用6系铝合金,所述流道板的钎焊层截面面积占比在18份,所述流道板、基板上的阻挡层的截面面积占比在13份。
其中,所述芯材由以下质量份的组分组成:Mg1.25份,Si1份,Zn0.28份,Cu0.3份,Mn0.6份,Ti0.068份,Sr0.03份,Zr0.8份,8.5份BN,8.9份SiaN,4份A1N,3份Ti0,0.78份VC,4份SiC,杂质总量0.04份,单个杂质元素含量0.005份,余量为Al。
其中,所述钎焊层由以下质量份的组成组成:Mg0.65份,Si为0.25份,Fe为0.3份,Cu为1.3份,Mn为0.22份,Cr为0.23份,Zn为6.5份,Zr为0.08-0.15份,Ti为0.17份,余量为Al。
其中,所述阻挡层由以下质量份的组成组成:Si为0.25份,Fe为0.3份,Cu为1.3份,Mn为0.5份,Cr为0.1份,Zn为0.9份,Zr为0.22份,Ti为0.095份,余量为Al。
对本技术方案的进一步补充,所述芯材的制备工艺包括以下步骤:
步骤一:熔炼锻造;
步骤二:头尾锯切和铣面;
步骤三:物料匹配和焊接固定;
步骤四:热轧;
步骤五:冷轧;
步骤六:退火;
步骤七:分切;
其中,熔炼锻造的浇注温度为640-720℃;热轧预热温度440-550℃,成品退火温度为250-420℃。
对本技术方案的进一步补充,所述钎焊层的制备工艺包括以下步骤:
一、按照各元素质量百分比:Mg0.65份,Si为0.25份,Fe为0.3份,Cu为1.3份,Mn为0.22份,Cr为0.23份,Zn为6.5份,Zr为0.08-0.15份,Ti为0.17份,余量为Al的比例分别称取纯铝锭、纯镁锭、铝硅中间合金、铝钛硼晶粒细化剂、铁硅铬合金;
二、将步骤一称取的纯铝锭、纯锌锭、铝硅中间合金、铁硅铬合金、铝铜中间合金和铝铁中间合金加入到熔炼炉中,设置熔炼温度为700℃-740℃,进行熔化、搅拌及除渣后加入纯镁锭,并加入1号覆盖剂,熔炼15min-30min,然后采用Ar-C1,混合气精炼至每100克铝合金熔体中的氢含量≤0.25mL,再静置30min,获得铝合金熔液;
三、将步骤二得到的铝合金熔液依次经过30ppi和50ppi的陶瓷过滤片过滤,然后浇注至结晶器中,并同时将铝钛硼晶粒细化剂插入流槽中,均匀熔入铝合金熔液中;
四、待铝合金熔液全部流入结晶器中后,在温度为680℃-720℃、水压为0.03MPa-0.10MPa、速度为40mm/min-55mm/min的条件下进行铸造,铸造成4系铝合金铸锭;
五、将步骤四得到的4系铝合金铸锭铣面后,加热至温度达到450℃-480℃,进行热轧至预定厚度,得到热轧板坯后剪切至预定长度及宽度。
一种用于钎焊电池液冷板的高强度铝合金复合板制备方法,包括以下工作步骤:
1)分别制造流道板和基板;
2)将流道板上的钎焊层、阻挡层、芯材以及基板上的阻挡层、芯材依次叠置并焊接;
3)焊接后开始热轧,开轧温度500℃,终轧温度470℃,获得热轧板坯;
4)热轧板坯分别进行冷粗轧、中轧、精轧,至成品厚度,在该厚度下进行成品退火,退火温度为220-420℃,保温1-15小时,出炉后经过拉矫剪切制得成品;
其中,成品厚度为0.5-3mm。
对本技术方案的进一步补充,步骤4)中退火包括一次退火和二次退火,所述一次退火为差温退火,所述差温退火的具体步骤包括:首先升温至220-245℃并保温1-2h,然后升温至400-420℃并保温30-40min,最后降温至280-295℃并保温7-8h;所述二次退火的条件包括:退火温度为400-420℃,退火时间为3-3.8h。
经过上述制备,铝合金复合板能够达到屈服强度40-70MPa;抗拉强度85-150MPa;延伸率15-40份。
实施例3
用于钎焊电池液冷板的高强度铝合金复合板,由流道板和基板经焊接后热轧而成,所述流道板从上至下依次依次为钎焊层、阻挡层、芯材;所述基板从上至下依次为阻挡层、芯材;其中,钎焊层采用4系铝合金,阻挡层采用3系或1系铝合金,芯材采用6系铝合金。
所述流道板的钎焊层截面面积占比在3-20份。
对本技术方案的进一步补充,所述流道板、基板上的阻挡层的截面面积占比在3-20份。
其中,所述芯材由以下质量份的组分组成:Mg1.25份,Si0.8份,Zn0.25份,Cu0.3份,Mn0.65份,Ti0.055份,Sr0.02份,Zr0.7份,8份BN,9.5份SiaN,3.8份A1N,4.8份Ti0,0.75份VC,4.8份SiC,杂质总量0.04份,单个杂质元素含量0.0085份,余量为Al。
其中,所述钎焊层由以下质量份的组成组成:Mg0.75份,Si为0.24份,Fe为0.38份,Cu为1.29份,Mn为0.24份,Cr为0.23份,Zn为6.8份,Zr为0.078份,Ti为0.15份,余量为Al。
其中,所述阻挡层由以下质量份的组成组成:Si为0.26份,Fe为0.34份,Cu为1.85份,Mn为0.55份,Cr为0.18份,Zn为0.95份,Zr为0.22份,Ti为0.11份,余量为Al。
其中,所述芯材的制备工艺包括以下步骤:
步骤一:熔炼锻造;
步骤二:头尾锯切和铣面;
步骤三:物料匹配和焊接固定;
步骤四:热轧;
步骤五:冷轧;
步骤六:退火;
步骤七:分切;
其中,熔炼锻造的浇注温度为640-720℃;热轧预热温度440-550℃,成品退火温度为250-420℃。
其中,所述钎焊层的制备工艺包括以下步骤:
一、按照各元素质量百分比:Mg0.75份,Si为0.24份,Fe为0.38份,Cu为1.29份,Mn为0.24份,Cr为0.23份,Zn为6.8份,Zr为0.078份,Ti为0.15份,余量为Al的比例分别称取纯铝锭、纯镁锭、铝硅中间合金、铝钛硼晶粒细化剂、铁硅铬合金;
二、将步骤一称取的纯铝锭、纯锌锭、铝硅中间合金、铁硅铬合金、铝铜中间合金和铝铁中间合金加入到熔炼炉中,设置熔炼温度为700℃-740℃,进行熔化、搅拌及除渣后加入纯镁锭,并加入1号覆盖剂,熔炼15min-30min,然后采用Ar-C1,混合气精炼至每100克铝合金熔体中的氢含量≤0.25mL,再静置30min,获得铝合金熔液;
三、将步骤二得到的铝合金熔液依次经过30ppi和50ppi的陶瓷过滤片过滤,然后浇注至结晶器中,并同时将铝钛硼晶粒细化剂插入流槽中,均匀熔入铝合金熔液中;
四、待铝合金熔液全部流入结晶器中后,在温度为680℃-720℃、水压为0.03MPa-0.10MPa、速度为40mm/min-55mm/min的条件下进行铸造,铸造成4系铝合金铸锭;
五、将步骤四得到的4系铝合金铸锭铣面后,加热至温度达到450℃-480℃,进行热轧至预定厚度,得到热轧板坯后剪切至预定长度及宽度。
一种用于钎焊电池液冷板的高强度铝合金复合板制备方法,包括以下工作步骤:
1)分别制造流道板和基板;
2)将流道板上的钎焊层、阻挡层、芯材以及基板上的阻挡层、芯材依次叠置并焊接;
3)焊接后开始热轧,开轧温度500℃,终轧温度470℃,获得热轧板坯;
4)热轧板坯分别进行冷粗轧、中轧、精轧,至成品厚度,在该厚度下进行成品退火,退火温度为220-420℃,保温1-15小时,出炉后经过拉矫剪切制得成品;
其中,成品厚度为0.5-3mm。
其中,步骤4)中退火包括一次退火和二次退火,所述一次退火为差温退火,所述差温退火的具体步骤包括:首先升温至220-245℃并保温1-2h,然后升温至400-420℃并保温30-40min,最后降温至280-295℃并保温7-8h;所述二次退火的条件包括:退火温度为400-420℃,退火时间为3-3.8h。
经过上述制备,铝合金复合板能够达到屈服强度40-70MPa;抗拉强度85-150MPa;延伸率15-40份。
上述技术方案仅体现了本发明技术方案的优选技术方案,本技术领域的技术人员对其中某些部分所可能做出的一些变动均体现了本发明的原理,属于本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (1)
1.用于钎焊电池液冷板的高强度铝合金复合板,其特征在于,由流道板和基板经焊接后热轧而成,所述流道板从上至下依次为钎焊层、阻挡层、芯材;所述基板从上至下依次为阻挡层、芯材;其中,钎焊层采用4系铝合金,阻挡层采用3系或1系铝合金,芯材采用6系铝合金;
所述流道板的钎焊层截面面积占比在3-20份;
所述流道板、基板上的阻挡层的截面面积占比在3-20份;
所述芯材由以下质量份的组分组成:Mg0.25-1.5份,Si0.2-1.25份,Zn0.2-0.35份,Cu0.2-0.4份,Mn0.4-0.8份,Ti0.04-0.09份,Sr0.01-0.04份,Zr0.03-1.2份,6-13份BN,8-10份SiaN,2-5份A1N,3-5份Ti0,0.5-1份VC,1.5-5.5份SiC,杂质总量≤0.05份,单个杂质元素含量≤0.01份,余量为Al;
所述钎焊层由以下质量份的组成组成:Mg0.3-0.8份,Si为0.2-0.3份,Fe为0.2-0.4份,Cu为0.4-1.5份,Mn为0.20-0.26份,Cr为0.2-0.29份,Zn为6-7.4份,Zr为0.05-0.15份,Ti为0.12-0.18份,余量为Al;
所述阻挡层由以下质量份的组成组成:Si为0.2-0.3份,Fe为0.1-0.5份,Cu为0.8-2.0份,Mn为0.40-0.60份,Cr为0.08-0.20份,Zn为0.5-1.2份,Zr为0.12-0.31份,Ti为0.09-0.12份,余量为Al;
所述芯材的制备工艺包括以下步骤:
步骤一:熔炼锻造;
步骤二:头尾锯切和铣面;
步骤三:物料匹配和焊接固定;
步骤四:热轧;
步骤五:冷轧;
步骤六:退火;
步骤七:分切;
其中,熔炼锻造的浇注温度为640-720℃;热轧预热温度440-550℃,成品退火温度为250-420℃;
所述钎焊层的制备工艺包括以下步骤:
一、按照各元素质量百分比:Mg0.3-0.8份,Si为0.2-0.3份,Fe为0.2-0.4份,Cu为0.4-1.5份,Mn为0.20-0.26份,Cr为0.2-0.29份,Zn为6-7.4份,Zr为0.05-0.15份,Ti为0.12-0.18份,余量为Al的比例分别称取纯铝锭、纯镁锭、铝硅中间合金、铝钛硼晶粒细化剂、铁硅铬合金、铝铜中间合金和铝铁中间合金;
二、将步骤一称取的纯铝锭、纯锌锭、铝硅中间合金、铁硅铬合金、铝铜中间合金和铝铁中间合金加入到熔炼炉中,设置熔炼温度为700℃-740℃,进行熔化、搅拌及除渣后加入纯镁锭,并加入1号覆盖剂,熔炼15min-30min,然后采用Ar-C1,混合气精炼至每100克铝合金熔体中的氢含量≤0.25mL,再静置30min,获得铝合金熔液;
三、将步骤二得到的铝合金熔液依次经过30ppi和50ppi的陶瓷过滤片过滤,然后浇注至结晶器中,并同时将铝钛硼晶粒细化剂插入流槽中,均匀熔入铝合金熔液中;
四、待铝合金熔液全部流入结晶器中后,在温度为680℃-720℃、水压为0.03MPa-0.10MPa、速度为40mm/min-55mm/min的条件下进行铸造,铸造成4系铝合金铸锭;
五、将步骤四得到的4系铝合金铸锭铣面后,加热至温度达到450℃-480℃,进行热轧至预定厚度,得到热轧板坯后剪切至预定长度及宽度。
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