CN114651831A

CN114651831A - Preparation method of biological pesticide

Info

Publication number: CN114651831A
Application number: CN202210354202.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张洋
Original assignee: Shandong Bestway Crop Protection Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Bestway Crop Protection Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-06
Filing date: 2022-04-06
Publication date: 2022-06-24

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biological pesticides, in particular to a preparation method of a biological pesticide; the biopesticide prepared by the method has good control effect on pests such as red spiders, white spiders, mites and the like, is a green pesticide, can be applied to pollution-free, green and even organic fruit tree production, and has great popularization and use values in production.

Description

Preparation method of biological pesticide

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biological pesticides, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a biological pesticide.

Background

The red spiders, the white spiders, the mites and other pests are threatened in agricultural production, the average annual loss caused by the pests reaches 10-20%, and the red spiders are most seriously damaged all year round. The red spiders eat leaves as larvae, and when the larvae seriously grow, the red spiders eat a large amount of crops, so that the yield and the growth of the crops are seriously influenced. Because the variety of effective biological pesticides for red spiders is few, farmers mostly rely on reducing the dosage of chemical pesticides or avoiding using high-residue chemical pesticides to prevent and treat the red spiders, and the results still difficultly ensure that pesticide residues do not exceed the standard and the quality of crop fruits.

The radix sophorae flavescentis is root of leguminous perennial deciduous shrub plant radix sophorae flavescentis, is distributed in various provinces of south and north China, and is a precious medicinal plant. The application of the radix sophorae flavescentis is very wide, the root core part of the radix sophorae flavescentis is used for medicines and is also an excellent plant of botanical pesticides, the root bark and overground branches and leaves are used for producing biological pesticides, and the residual residues can be processed into organic fertilizers and have very high economic value.

The patent of "biological pesticide" with patent application No. CN200810079559.2 describes that "any part of castor is used as raw material, and the raw material is pulverized into powder, and passed through a 50-60 mesh fine sieve, and then added with zinc 1-3.5% of castor mass, boron 0.2-0.4%, molybdenum 0.2-0.4%, manganese 2-2.7%, iron 0.3-1%, copper 0.3-3% and sulfur 0.3-3% as synergist, and uniformly mixed. In the process of preventing and controlling the large nephelium spot tortoise shells, the highly toxic pesticide can be eliminated, the repeated investment of manpower, material resources and financial resources can be reduced, the energy conservation, waste utilization, environmental protection and the utilization of renewable energy sources are facilitated, and the new requirements of energy conservation, waste utilization and environmental protection are met.

In summary, the development of a preparation method of biopesticide is still a key problem to be solved urgently in the technical field of biopesticides.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the crude lightyellow sophora root extract and the tea oil cake are used as main raw materials to prepare the biopesticide, the prepared biopesticide has better control effect on pests such as red spiders, white spiders, mites and the like, and the prepared biopesticide is a green pesticide and has great popularization and use values.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a preparation method of a biological pesticide, which comprises the following steps:

(1) washing radix Sophorae Flavescentis with water, drying in a drying oven, pulverizing with a pulverizer, and mixing with 95% ethanol to obtain mixture;

(2) extracting the mixture with diethyl ether obtained by distilling in water bath and condensing in extraction cylinder under reflux for 52 hr, and concentrating the extractive solution to obtain solid crude radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract;

(3) the crude kuh-seng extract and the tea cumicin are put into a 10 times solvent, then 2.5 percent of dispersant and 3.4 percent of emulsifier are added and stirred and mixed evenly in a stirrer, and the biological pesticide is prepared.

The invention is further provided with: in the step (1), the drying is carried out for 20-30min in a drying oven with the temperature of 40-50 ℃.

The invention is further provided with: in the step (1), the pulverization is performed for 30-32min in a stirrer with the rotation speed of 300-.

The invention is further provided with: in the step (1), the mass-to-volume ratio of the sophora flavescens root powder to the ethanol in the mixture is 1:1.

the invention is further provided with: in the step (3), the mixing mass ratio of the crude kuh-seng extract to the tea cumicin is 1: 1.2.

The invention is further provided with: in the step (3), the solvent is any one of ethyl acetate or cyclohexanone.

The invention is further arranged as follows: in the step (3), the dispersant is any one of alkyl carbonate or laurocapram.

The invention is further arranged as follows: in the step (3), the emulsifier is any one of polyacid pear ester 80, polyacid pear ester 20 or alkylphenol ethoxylates.

The invention is further arranged as follows: in the step (3), the rotation speed of the stirrer is 500-560r/min, and the stirring time is 15-20 min.

Advantageous effects

Compared with the known public technology, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the biopesticide prepared by the method has good control effect on pests such as red spiders, white spiders, mites and the like, is a green pesticide, can be applied to pollution-free, green and even organic fruit tree production, and has great popularization and use values in production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a statistical chart of red spider control rate in the performance test of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a statistical chart of the white spider control rate in the performance test of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

(1) washing radix Sophorae Flavescentis with water, drying in a drying oven, pulverizing with a pulverizer, and mixing with 95% ethanol to obtain mixture.

Further, the drying is carried out in a drying oven at a temperature of 40 ℃ for 20 min.

Further, the pulverization is carried out for 30min in a stirrer with a rotation speed of 300 r/min.

Further, the mass volume ratio of the kuh-seng root powder to the ethanol in the mixture is 1:1.

(2) extracting the mixture with diethyl ether obtained by distilling in water bath for 52 hr, and concentrating the extractive solution to obtain solid crude radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract.

Further, the mixing mass ratio of the crude kuh-seng extract to the tea cumicin is 1: 1.2.

Further, the solvent is ethyl acetate.

Further, the dispersant is an alkyl carbonate.

Further, the emulsifier is poly acid pear ester 80.

Furthermore, the rotating speed of the stirrer is 500r/min, and the stirring time is 15 min.

Example 2:

Further, the drying is carried out in a drying oven at a temperature of 5 ℃ for 25 min.

Further, the pulverization is carried out for 31min in a blender with a rotation speed of 380 r/min.

Further, the mass volume ratio of the sophora flavescens root powder to the ethanol in the mixture is 1:1.

(2) extracting the mixture with diethyl ether condensed by water bath distillation in an extraction cylinder under reflux for 52 hr, and concentrating the extractive solution to obtain solid crude radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract.

Further, the solvent is cyclohexanone.

Further, the dispersant is laurocapram.

Further, the emulsifier is polyacid pear ester 20.

Furthermore, the rotating speed of the stirrer is 530r/min, and the stirring time is 17 min.

Example 3:

Further, the drying is carried out in a drying oven at a temperature of 50 ℃ for 30 min.

Further, the pulverization is carried out for 32min in a stirrer with a rotation speed of 460 r/min.

Further, the solvent is cyclohexanone.

Further, the dispersant is laurocapram.

Furthermore, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether is used as an emulsifier.

Furthermore, the rotating speed of the stirrer is 530r/min, and the stirring time is 20 min.

And (3) performance detection:

biopesticides were prepared according to the methods of example 1, example 2 and example 3 and named NY-1, NY-2 and NY-3, respectively, a commercial biopesticide (Nopopine, PD20111234) named NY-4, and a pesticide with patent application No. CN200810079559.2 named NY-5.

(1) The test ground length is 100m, and the total area is 667m²The apple trees are planted for 4 years, the growth vigor is good, 100 trees are randomly selected from the apple trees, 10 trees are used as one group (the groups are spaced), the groups are respectively an experiment 1 group, an experiment 2 group, an experiment 3 group, a control 1 group and a control 2 group, and the red spiders are in moderate occurrence during the experiment. NY-1, NY-2, NY-3, NY-4 and NY-5 are diluted by 500 times. Before pesticide application, randomly selecting one leaf from each apple tree, and counting the average number of red spiders, wherein the pesticide application method comprises the following steps: diluted biological pesticides NY-1, NY-2, NY-3, NY-4 and NY-5 are applied to the experiment 1 group, the experiment 2 group, the experiment 3 group, the comparison 1 group and the comparison 2 group respectively. Foliar spray was carried out using a constant sprayer. Randomly selecting one leaf from each apple tree, counting the number of red spiders on the leaf, calculating the prevention and treatment effect, and recording the prevention and treatment effect in table 1.

Table 1: red spider prevention and cure rate recording table

Group of	Control rate (%)
		Experiment 1 group	92.5
Experiment 2 groups	95.1
		Experiment 3 groups	93.6
Control 1 group	83.5
		Control 2 group	67.8

As can be seen from table 1 and fig. 1, the effect of controlling red spiders in the experimental groups (experiment 1 group, experiment 2 group, and experiment 3 group) was significantly better than that in the comparative group (comparative 1 group and comparative 2 group) and the difference in the effect of controlling red spiders between the experimental groups was not significant (p > 0.05). The biological pesticide provided by the invention has an excellent effect of preventing and treating red spiders.

(2) Experiments were conducted according to the method of experiment (1) with moderate occurrence of white spiders during the experiments, and the control effects were calculated and recorded in table 2.

Table 2: red spider prevention and cure rate recording table

As can be seen from table 2 and fig. 2, the effect of controlling white mites was significantly superior to that of the control group (p <0.05) in the experimental groups (experiment 1 group, experiment 2 group, and experiment 3 group) and was not significantly different between the experimental groups (p >0.05) compared to that of the control group (control 1 group and control 2 group). The biological pesticide provided by the invention also has excellent effect of preventing and treating white spiders.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.

Claims

1. The preparation method of the biological pesticide is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(2) extracting the mixture with diethyl ether condensed by water bath distillation in an extraction cylinder under reflux for 52 hr, and concentrating the extractive solution to obtain solid crude radix Sophorae Flavescentis extract;

2. The method for preparing a biopesticide according to claim 1, wherein the drying in the step (1) is performed for 20 to 30min in a drying oven at a temperature of 40 to 50 ℃.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (1), the pulverization is performed in a blender with rotation speed of 300-460r/min for 30-32 min.

4. The method for preparing biological pesticide according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the mass-to-volume ratio of the sophora flavescens root powder to the ethanol in the mixture is 1:1.

5. the method for preparing a biopesticide according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the mixing mass ratio of the crude kuhseng extract and the tea cumicin is 1: 1.2.

6. The method for preparing a biopesticide according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the solvent is any one of ethyl acetate or cyclohexanone.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the dispersant is any one of alkyl carbonate or laurocapram.

8. The method for preparing a biopesticide according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the emulsifier is any one of polysorbate 80, polysorbate 20 or alkylphenol ethoxylates.

9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (3), the rotation speed of the stirrer is 500-560r/min, and the stirring time is 15-20 min.