CN114651553B - Method for sterilizing continuous cropping soil of solanaceous fruits - Google Patents
Method for sterilizing continuous cropping soil of solanaceous fruits Download PDFInfo
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- CN114651553B CN114651553B CN202210446061.5A CN202210446061A CN114651553B CN 114651553 B CN114651553 B CN 114651553B CN 202210446061 A CN202210446061 A CN 202210446061A CN 114651553 B CN114651553 B CN 114651553B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- -1 trichloroethylene cyanuric acid Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 20
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 20
- UJCQVUGUFCOEBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)N1C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O UJCQVUGUFCOEBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000208292 Solanaceae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000203593 Piper nigrum Species 0.000 abstract 1
- YRIZYWQGELRKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trichloro-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O YRIZYWQGELRKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229950009390 symclosene Drugs 0.000 description 16
- 241000208293 Capsicum Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000001390 capsicum minimum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000227653 Lycopersicon Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000722363 Piper Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,8-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(C)=O)C(O)=C2C(=O)C(OC)=CC(=O)C2=C1O UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000223218 Fusarium Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000082085 Verticillium <Phyllachorales> Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKNPHOXYVYNIDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-3-chloro-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)NC(=O)N(Br)C1=O OKNPHOXYVYNIDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXTGDCSMTYGJND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecylazepan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN1CCCCCC1=O AXTGDCSMTYGJND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035143 Bacterial infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005747 Chlorothalonil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000003322 Coinfection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000289763 Dasygaster padockina Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000000059 Dyspnea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010013975 Dyspnoeas Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010017533 Fungal infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005794 Hymexazol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000031888 Mycoses Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000256259 Noctuidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000022362 bacterial infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYFXBBAEXORJNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium cyanamide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[N-]=C=[N-] MYFXBBAEXORJNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012320 chlorinating reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorothalonil Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C1Cl CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003712 decolorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010797 grey water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- KGVPNLBXJKTABS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hymexazol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=NO1 KGVPNLBXJKTABS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- GFNANZIMVAIWHM-OBYCQNJPSA-N triamcinolone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@@]3(F)[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@]([C@H](O)C4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 GFNANZIMVAIWHM-OBYCQNJPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005294 triamcinolone Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M17/00—Apparatus for the destruction of vermin in soil or in foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
- A61L2/18—Liquid substances or solutions comprising solids or dissolved gases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2101/00—Chemical composition of materials used in disinfecting, sterilising or deodorising
- A61L2101/32—Organic compounds
- A61L2101/44—Heterocyclic compounds
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of soil disinfection, in particular to a method for disinfecting solanaceous continuous cropping soil, which comprises the following steps: step 1, pulling out soil from solanaceous crops planted in the previous crop; step 2, soil cultivation and furrow preparation are carried out to obtain a plurality of rows of furrows, a heat preservation mulching film is used for covering the furrow surfaces, a water spraying pipe is paved between the furrow surfaces and the heat preservation mulching film, and water spraying holes are formed in the side walls of the water spraying pipe; and 3, dissolving trichloroethylene cyanuric acid serving as a soil disinfectant in water, and spraying the soil disinfectant on the surfaces of the furrows through a spray pipe to disinfect the soil, wherein the application proportion of the trichloroethylene cyanuric acid is 0.5-1kg per mu. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for sterilizing the solanaceous continuous cropping soil has the advantages of simple and convenient use and operation, low cost, short sterilization time and the like. Is especially suitable for small and medium-sized farmers with little facility investment. The technology is simple, convenient and economical, is convenient to popularize and learn, and can improve the economic benefit of pepper planting of small and medium-sized farmers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil disinfection, in particular to a method for disinfecting solanaceous continuous cropping soil.
Background
The solanaceous crop pepper is mainly planted in China, has high economic value and is a guarantee for peasants to get rich and increase income. However, continuous cropping obstacles caused by continuous cropping are more and more serious along with the influence of continuous cropping, and the continuous cropping disease of the capsicum belongs to destructive diseases. According to investigation and observation, diseases which are serious in occurrence and hazard in the production of the capsicum include fusarium wilt, verticillium wilt, epidemic disease, root rot, bacterial wilt and the like. Symptomatically, bacterial infections, fungal infections, and fungal-bacterial mixed infections are classified. The more continuous cropping plants, the more extensive the disease occurrence, the more serious the hazard, the basically dead plants of the disease cause great losses to farmers.
At present, continuous cropping soil disinfection is mainly divided into two types, namely physical disinfection and drug disinfection. The physical disinfection is mainly to soak soil for a long time in the leisure season of crops to kill harmful bacteria and pests in the soil. Or adopting a high-temperature sullage in summer, ploughing and watering the soil, spreading quicklime, lime nitrogen and the like, sealing the canopy film, and enabling the temperature in the canopy to be higher than 70 ℃ so as to kill part of germs and ova in the canopy and the soil. However, the time for covering the greenhouse is 15-20 days at least and 1 month at most. Long operation time and high requirements on seasonal temperature environments. The medicine is prepared by selecting corresponding medicines according to disease types. Spraying and root irrigation disinfection are carried out on the soil before field planting. The medicines such as hymexazol, liquat, DT and the like are mainly selected for preventing and treating the root rot; the composition is mainly used for preventing and treating fusarium wilt and verticillium wilt, and is mainly selected from synergistic carbendazim, DT, a triamcinolone aqua and the like; the azone, chlorothalonil and the like are mainly selected for preventing and treating epidemic diseases; the bacterial wilt is controlled by using high-grade chlorobromoisocyanuric acid, DT, etc. With the increase of the types of diseases and insect pests, the cost is relatively high.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid (Trichloroisocyanuricacid), white powder or granule, is dissolved in water, is a new generation of high-efficiency bleaching agent, decolorant, disinfectant, oxidant, chlorinating agent and bactericide, releases free chlorine in water for a long time, has no solid phase residue after hydrolysis, and has transparent and clear water quality, stable storage and safety. However, trichloroisocyanuric acid has strong stimulation to eyes, nose, skin and the like of people, and a great deal of inhalation can cause dyspnea and poisoning.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: provides a method for sterilizing the continuous cropping soil of the solanaceous fruits, which has simple and convenient operation, low cost and short time.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the method for sterilizing the solanaceous fruit continuous cropping soil comprises the following steps:
step 1, pulling out soil from solanaceous crops planted in the previous crop;
Step 2, soil cultivation and furrow preparation are carried out to obtain a plurality of rows of furrows, a heat preservation mulching film is used for covering the furrow surfaces, a water spraying pipe is paved between the furrow surfaces and the heat preservation mulching film, and water spraying holes are formed in the side walls of the water spraying pipe;
And 3, dissolving trichloroethylene cyanuric acid serving as a soil disinfectant in water, spraying the soil disinfectant on the surface of a furrow through a spray pipe, and performing soil disinfection, wherein the application proportion of the trichloroethylene cyanuric acid per mu is 0.5-1kg, and the trichloroethylene cyanuric acid must be thoroughly poured during application. ( The first continuous cropping or less continuous cropping, the application proportion of the non-diseased prior cropping is 0.5kg per mu; continuous cropping, small amount of morbidity, and application proportion of about 0.8kg per mu; the disease of the previous stubble is serious, the disease of the previous stubble is continuous cropping for many years or the disease of the previous stubble is deep roots of eggplants and tomatoes, and the application proportion is 1kg per mu. )
Further, in the above method for sterilizing solanaceous continuous cropping soil, the step (1) further comprises: herbicide is sprayed on the soil.
Furthermore, in the method for sterilizing the solanaceous continuous cropping soil, the white light-permeable heat-insulating mulching film is used for covering the furrow surface in summer, and the black heat-insulating mulching film is used for covering the furrow surface in winter and spring.
In the method for sterilizing the solanaceous continuous cropping soil, the soil sterilization time in the step (3) is 4-6 days.
In the method for disinfecting the solanaceous continuous cropping soil, after trichloroethyl cyanuric acid in the step (3) is dissolved in water, the trichloroethyl cyanuric acid is conveyed to a water spraying pipe through a Venturi fertilizer applicator in proportion to be sprayed on the surface of a furrow, and the trichloroethyl cyanuric acid is deeply permeated into the soil.
In the method for sterilizing the solanaceous continuous cropping soil, the fertilization proportion of trichloroethyl cyanuric acid and water in the step (3) is 0.2-6%, and the fertilization proportion is adjusted according to water pressure.
In the method for sterilizing the solanaceous continuous cropping soil, in the step (3), trichloroethyl cyanuric acid is dissolved in a container, and then the container is communicated with a venturi fertilizer applicator through a pipeline, and is a barrel body with an upper cover, wherein the barrel body is small in opening and large in base.
Furthermore, in the method for sterilizing the solanaceous continuous cropping soil, the upper cover is connected with the stirrer, the lower end of the stirrer penetrates through the upper cover and stretches into the cylinder, and the lower end of the stirrer is provided with the stirring paddle.
Furthermore, the method for sterilizing the solanaceous continuous cropping soil further comprises the following steps: after the soil is disinfected, the liquid microbial fertilizer is supplemented for each mu before planting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for sterilizing the solanaceous continuous cropping soil has the advantages of simple and convenient use and operation, low cost, short sterilization time and the like. The sterilization method of the invention uses trichloroethyl cyanuric acid together with the heat-preserving mulching film for the first time, combines the devices such as a Venturi fertilizer applicator, a water spray pipe and the like together, and sterilizes the capsicum continuous cropping planting soil, and has the following advantages: the covering of the heat-insulating mulching film is mainly used for avoiding waste and pollution caused by that trichloroisocyanuric acid volatilizes into the air in a large amount, and can also improve the soil temperature; the venturi fertilizer applicator and the water spraying pipe are matched for use, so that the trichloroisocyanuric acid uniformly enters the soil, and waste and pollution caused by direct mixing and volatilization of the trichloroisocyanuric acid are further avoided.
The method for sterilizing the continuous cropping soil of the solanaceous fruits plays a role in killing underground pests such as cutworms and the like, the occurrence rate of the continuous cropping soil disease of the sterilized capsicum falls below 3% of the planting quantity through calculation, and the technology can be applied to continuous cropping planting of the capsicum and can also be extended to planting of other solanaceous fruits. Experiments prove that the technology can obviously reduce the occurrence rate of diseases in continuous cropping planting of tomatoes and eggplants. The disinfection method is particularly suitable for small and medium-sized farmers with little facility investment. The technology is simple, convenient and economical, is convenient to popularize and learn, and can improve the economic benefit of pepper planting of small and medium-sized farmers.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water spraying system used in combination with a method for sterilizing solanaceous continuous cropping soil according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of the reference numerals:
1. a plastic barrel; 2. a stirrer; 3.a venturi fertilizer applicator; 4. a furrow; 5. thermal insulation mulching film; 6. a watering main pipe; 7. and a water spraying pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to describe the technical contents, the achieved objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description will be made with reference to the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a water spraying system matched with a solanaceous continuous cropping soil disinfection method comprises a plastic barrel body 1, a venturi fertilizer applicator 3, a main watering pipe 6 and a water spraying pipe 7 which are mutually communicated in a pipeline way, wherein the plastic barrel body 1 is a barrel body with an upper cover, the opening of which is small, and the base of which is large. The upper cover is connected with a stirrer 2, the lower end of the stirrer 2 penetrates through the upper cover and stretches into the barrel body, and the lower end of the stirrer is provided with a stirring paddle.
The straw of the venturi fertilizer applicator 3 is communicated with the plastic bucket body 1, the main pipe of the venturi fertilizer applicator is communicated with the watering main pipe 6, and the watering main pipe 6 is communicated with the water spraying pipe 7. The water spraying pipe 7 is arranged between the surface of the furrow 4 and the heat preservation mulch film 5.
The method for sterilizing the solanaceous continuous cropping soil by using the water spraying system comprises the following steps:
step 1, pulling out soil from solanaceous crops planted in the previous crop; herbicide is sprayed on the soil.
Step 2, soil cultivation and furrow preparation are carried out to obtain a plurality of rows of furrow 4, a heat preservation mulching film 5 is used for covering the furrow surface, a water spraying pipe 6 is paved between the furrow surface and the heat preservation mulching film, and water spraying holes are formed in the side wall of the water spraying pipe 6;
And 3, dissolving trichloroethylene cyanuric acid serving as a soil disinfectant in water, spraying the soil disinfectant on the surfaces of the furrows 4 through the water spraying pipes 6, and after dissolving the trichloroethylene cyanuric acid in the water, conveying the trichloroethylene cyanuric acid to the water spraying pipes through the Venturi fertilizer applicator 3 in proportion, and spraying the trichloroethylene cyanuric acid on the surfaces of the furrows, wherein the trichloroethylene cyanuric acid is thoroughly sprayed during application. The application ratio of trichloroethyl cyanuric acid to water is 0.4%. The application proportion of trichloroethyl cyanuric acid per mu is 0.5kg. The white light-permeable heat-preserving mulch film is used in summer, and the soil sterilization time can be selected to be 6 days. After disinfection is completed, 10 kg of liquid microbial fertilizer can be supplemented per mu before planting by using the water spraying system.
In the step (3), after trichloroethylene cyanuric acid is dissolved in a container, a pipeline is communicated with a Venturi fertilizer applicator 3, and the container is a plastic barrel body 1 with an upper cover, wherein the opening of the plastic barrel body is small, and the base of the plastic barrel body is large. The upper cover is connected with a stirrer 2, the lower end of the stirrer 2 penetrates through the upper cover and stretches into the cylinder body, and the lower end of the stirrer is provided with a stirring paddle.
The method for sterilizing the soil with the continuous cropping of the solanaceous fruits, disclosed by the invention, is used for sterilizing the soil with the continuous cropping of the solanaceous fruits by matching with a certain sterilization technology, and has the characteristics of short time, low cost and quick application to bases, farms and small-sized cooperation houses. It also has killing effect on underground pests such as cutworm.
Example 2
A method for sterilizing the soil of continuous cropping of solanaceous fruits comprises the following steps:
step 1, pulling out soil from solanaceous crops planted in the previous crop;
Step 2, soil cultivation is carried out to obtain a plurality of rows of furrows, a heat-insulating mulching film is used for covering the furrow surfaces, so that the waste and pollution caused by volatilization of trichloroisocyanuric acid into the air are avoided, a white light-permeable heat-insulating mulching film is used in summer, a black heat-insulating mulching film is used in winter and spring to cover the furrow surfaces, and the effects of absorbing and heating soil in summer and insulating heat in winter are achieved; a water spraying pipe is paved between the surface of the furrow and the heat preservation mulch film, and water spraying holes are formed in the side wall of the water spraying pipe;
and 3, using trichloroethyl cyanuric acid as a soil disinfectant, connecting a pipeline after dissolving in a container with a venturi fertilizer applicator, merging a main pipe of the venturi fertilizer applicator, and spraying the soil disinfectant on the surface of a furrow by a water spraying pipe. The fertilization proportion of trichloroethylene cyanuric acid and water is 6%, and the application proportion of trichloroethylene cyanuric acid per mu is 1kg. The application must be completed. After disinfection is completed, 10 kg of liquid microbial manure can be supplemented per mu before planting by using the water spraying system of the embodiment 1.
According to the method, under the condition that high-temperature sunlight in summer is strong, the temperature of soil is increased under the action of the light-permeable protective mulching film by direct sunlight, the hydrolysis of trichloroisocyanuric acid is accelerated, and continuous cropping soil can be disinfected within 6 days. If the weather meets early spring, the black heat-preserving mulching film can absorb sunlight heat in the daytime, the soil temperature is improved, and the continuous cropping soil can be disinfected up to 15 days.
Example 3
A method for sterilizing the soil of continuous cropping of solanaceous fruits comprises the following steps:
Step 1, pulling out the solanaceous crops planted in the previous crop and spraying herbicide.
And step 2, the cleaned land can be irrigated and then cultivated again, and then the furrow is formed. A micro-spraying hose or an adhesive tape pipe is paved on the central axis of the furrow surface, white transparent protective mulching film is used in the high temperature season in summer, and black heat preservation mulching film is used for covering the furrow surface in winter and spring at low temperature.
And 3, linking the laid pipe network with a water and fertilizer integrated facility by the large-scale base. The small-sized base can connect a water pipe with a water supply pipe, and a venturi fertilizer applicator is used for disinfection. The use of a venturi proportioner of israel tafene is recommended. The fertilizer applicator uses a six-branch water supply pipe, and the fertilizing proportion is 4%.
Trichloroethyl cyanuric acid is used as a soil disinfectant, and the application proportion of each mu is 0.8kg. Venturi applicators are used to assist in sterilization. A plastic bucket with a cover, which is small in opening and large in base, can be adopted, and small holes are drilled on the plastic bucket, so that the size of an absorption tube of the Venturi fertilizer distributor is met, and the volatilization of trichloroisocyanuric acid is avoided. Soil must be thoroughly poured during application. After disinfection, 10 kg of liquid microbial fertilizer is supplemented for each mu before planting.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid has certain toxicity and corrosiveness, operators need to wear gas masks and gloves, and the trichloroisocyanuric acid is quickly poured into a plastic barrel body, and the plastic barrel body is stirred after a cover is tightly covered.
The water flow is needed to be paid attention to during operation, the number of valve switches is determined according to the actual water pressure, and the water pressure is ensured. So that the trichloroisocyanuric acid solution can be quickly infiltrated into the soil.
After the use is finished, clear water is added into the plastic barrel body to wash the water pipe, so that the blockage of the guide pipe caused by the precipitation of trichloroisocyanuric acid is avoided. Ensure that the added trichloroisocyanuric acid fully acts on the soil.
In this embodiment, the mulching film is used to prevent trichloroisocyanuric acid from volatilizing into air in large quantity, so as to avoid waste and pollution. Under the condition that high-temperature sunlight in summer is stronger, under the effect of the light-permeable protective mulch film, the temperature of soil is increased to accelerate the hydrolysis of trichloroisocyanuric acid, and continuous cropping soil can be disinfected within 4 days.
Example 4
The treatment effect of the method for sterilizing the solanaceous continuous cropping soil according to the embodiment 3, which is applied at a rate of 0.8kg per mu, is shown in the following tables 1 to 3.
Table 1 Pepper is planted in previous crop, disease is generated, and Pepper is planted in current crop
TABLE 2 tomato plants in previous crop, disease, eggplant plants in current crop
Table 3 eggplant is planted in the previous crop, disease is generated, and tomato is planted in the current crop
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes made by the specification and drawings of the present invention or direct or indirect application in the relevant technical field are as follows: within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The method for sterilizing the solanaceous continuous cropping soil is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, pulling out soil from solanaceous crops planted in the previous crop;
Step 2, soil cultivation and furrow preparation are carried out to obtain a plurality of rows of furrows, a heat preservation mulch film is used for covering the furrow surfaces, a water spraying pipe is paved between the furrow surfaces and the mulch film, and water spraying holes are formed in the side walls of the water spraying pipe; the white light-permeable heat-preserving mulching film is used in summer, and the black heat-preserving mulching film is used in winter and spring to cover the furrow surface;
Step 3, using trichloroethylene cyanuric acid as a soil disinfectant to be dissolved in water, conveying the soil disinfectant to a spray pipe through a Venturi fertilizer applicator according to a proportion, spraying the soil disinfectant on the surface of a furrow through the spray pipe, wherein the application proportion of the trichloroethylene cyanuric acid is 0.5-1 kg per mu, and the soil disinfectant must be thoroughly poured during application, wherein the first continuous cropping or the continuous cropping is less, and the application proportion of the non-diseased continuous cropping is 0.5kg per mu; continuous cropping, small amount of morbidity, and application proportion of 0.8kg per mu; the disease of the previous stubble is serious, the disease of the previous stubble is continuous cropping for many years or the disease of the previous stubble is deep roots of eggplants and tomatoes, and the application proportion is 1kg per mu;
in the step 3, the fertilization proportion of trichloroethyl cyanuric acid and water is 0.2-6%;
And (3) carrying out soil disinfection in the step (3) for 4-6 days.
2. The method for sterilizing the solanaceous continuous cropping soil according to claim 1, wherein said step 1 further comprises: herbicide is sprayed on the soil.
3. The method for sterilizing the continuous cropping soil of solanaceous fruits according to claim 1, wherein in said step 3, trichloroethyl cyanuric acid is dissolved in a container, and then the container is a barrel body with an upper cover, wherein the opening of the barrel body is small, and the base of the barrel body is large.
4. The method for sterilizing the continuous cropping soil of solanaceae according to claim 3, wherein a stirrer is connected to said upper cover, the lower end of said stirrer extends into the cylinder through the upper cover, and a stirring paddle is arranged at the lower end of said stirrer.
5. The method for sterilizing the continuous cropping soil of solanaceous fruits according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: after the soil is disinfected, the liquid microbial fertilizer is supplemented for each mu before planting.
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| WO2013181240A2 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | University Of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. | Methods and compositions to reduce soil water repellency |
| CN103814799A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-05-28 | 华南农业大学 | Soil improving method |
| CN107223451A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-10-03 | 周碧华 | A kind of rescue method of eggplant after floods |
| CN107371762A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2017-11-24 | 陇南远大生物科技有限公司 | A kind of no-tillage high-yield cultural method of the tuber of pinellia |
| CN110313356A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-11 | 陈平 | A kind of implantation methods of Crops ' |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013181240A2 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | University Of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. | Methods and compositions to reduce soil water repellency |
| CN103814799A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-05-28 | 华南农业大学 | Soil improving method |
| CN107223451A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-10-03 | 周碧华 | A kind of rescue method of eggplant after floods |
| CN107371762A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2017-11-24 | 陇南远大生物科技有限公司 | A kind of no-tillage high-yield cultural method of the tuber of pinellia |
| CN110313356A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-11 | 陈平 | A kind of implantation methods of Crops ' |
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