CN114642191A - Method for hybridization between different bean hawkmoth geographic populations - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- 241001586734 Clanis bilineata Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 13
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solution for population degradation caused by perennial artificial breeding in the field of artificial breeding of resource insects. By comparing the difference of different insect-state apparent traits and indexes such as pupation rate, emergence rate, pupation period, life of female adults and the like among 3 different geographic populations of the bean hawkmoth, the south Henan population and the north Huzhou population are compared with the Jiangsu population according to the ratio of the number of female to male to female to be 1: 1, and comparing the egg laying amount of female insects, the hatching rate of offspring eggs and the survival rate of larvae in each age period after mating. The finally obtained Henan male parent and Jiangsu male parent combination is the optimal route for the improvement of the offspring of Jiangsu population. The method disclosed by the invention provides a new direction and thought for the bean hawkmoth industry in Jiangsu areas, so that the problem of population degradation caused by artificial breeding is solved, and the method has important significance for the healthy and good development of the bean hawkmoth breeding industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial breeding of resource insects, and particularly relates to a method for hybridizing different bean hawkmoth geographical populations.
Background
Clanis bilineata tsingtauica (Clanis) belongs to Lepidoptera (Lepidopa) Geranidae (Sphingidee) Neurospora subfamily (Ambulicinae) Clana (Clanas). 1-2 generations occurred in 1 year. The larva is commonly called as Doudan and Doudou, and the main hosts are soybean, locust tree, gloiopeltis, Pueraria and other plants. The soybean hawkmoth larva is an explosive pest on soybean production, the larva hatched initially has backlight, leaves and backs are hidden in the daytime, the soybean hawkmoth is eaten at night, and the soybean hawkmoth is damaged in the cloudy day.
The larvae of the bean hawkmoth are generally used as agricultural pests for control in the past. Then, with the progress of research, the nutritional and medical values of the plants are gradually excavated. The mass fractions of the protein, essential amino acid and essential fatty acid of the larva of the bean hawkmoth are all higher than those of foods such as eggs, milk, soybeans and the like. In the aspect of medicine, the larva of the Clanis bilineata walker has the effects of reducing blood pressure and blood fat, and has unique curative effects on hypertension, coronary heart disease and gastrointestinal diseases. In addition, in south of Shandong and North of Jiangsu, the larva of bean hawkmoth has become a delicious food on the dining table of people. In recent years, related industries have rapidly developed, and market demands have rapidly expanded. Therefore, the number of breeding enterprises is increased continuously, the breeding technology is improved continuously, the yield of the larvae of the Clanis bilineata tsingtauica is enlarged continuously, and the industrial economic scale is increased increasingly.
The large-scale artificial breeding of the Clanis bilineata tsingtauica brings enough products for the market, and meanwhile, the problems are brought by the long-term large-scale artificial breeding. The population of the bean hawkmoth used by a breeding enterprise is basically fixed, the population scale is small, and the phenomena that the population individual tends to be small and weak, the egg laying amount of adults is reduced, the indexes such as hatchability, pupation rate and eclosion rate are reduced and the like are often shown after the breeding enterprise is bred all year round, namely the problem of population degeneration is caused, the production loss is increased, and the healthy and good development of the bean hawkmoth larva industry is not facilitated. The invention compares the apparent shape difference of 3 different geographic populations of the bean moth larvae, pupae and imagoes with the indexes of pupation rate, pupation interval, eclosion rate, service life of imagoes and the like; the method comprises the steps of hybridizing a Henan population and a Hubei population with a Jiangsu population respectively, and comparing indexes such as the egg laying amount of female adults, the hatching rate of offspring eggs, the survival rate of larvae in each instar period and the like after hybridization to find out the problem of population degradation and improve the problem, so that a theoretical basis and a specific technical guidance are provided for a bean hawkmoth breeding enterprise, the production loss is reduced, and the industrial development is promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for hybridizing different geopopulations of the bean hawkmoth, which is used for researching the feasibility of hybridization among different geopopulations on Jiangsu population improvement.
The invention firstly compares the difference of different insect-state apparent characters among 3 geographical populations and the indexes of pupation rate, emergence rate, pupation period, life of female adult and the like, and then compares the Henan population and the Hubei population with the Jiangsu population according to the quantity ratio of female to male to female of 1: 1, and comparing the egg laying amount of female insects, the hatching rate of offspring eggs and the survival rate of larvae in each age period after mating. So as to find out a method for improving the population degradation problem, thereby providing a theoretical basis and a specific technical guidance for the soybean hornworm breeding enterprises, reducing the production loss and promoting the industrial development.
And comparing the geographic inter-population hybridization with several life parameters of the bean hawkmoth to finally obtain the Henan male parent and Jiangsu male parent combination which is the optimal route for improving the offspring of the Jiangsu population.
The application of the hybridization method among different Clanis bilineata tsingtauica geographical populations is used for solving the problem of population degradation of Clanis bilineata tsingtauica populations due to perennial artificial breeding.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following excellent effects: the hybridization method between different bean hawkmoth geographical populations provided by the invention has great improvement significance on the population degradation problem of Jiangsu populations caused by perennial artificial breeding, thereby providing theoretical basis and specific technical guidance for bean hawkmoth breeding enterprises and promoting the development of the bean hawkmoth industry in Jiangsu areas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a comparison of the length of different insect populations in different geographical regions of a bean hawkmoth.
FIG. 2 shows a comparison of different insect body weights of different geographic populations of Dolichos radiata.
Fig. 3 is a technical route diagram of the patent.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, but the practice of the invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1 comparison of the Life parameters of the Clanis bilineata populations of different geographical populations
3 geographic population aged larvae of the bean hawkmoth are dug out of the soil in 11 months of 2020, and the larval dormancy is not disturbed too much in the period. 1000 mature larvae with full and round appearance are picked out from each of 3 geographical populations and are respectively placed into wood boxes containing 15 cm deep soil matrix in a heating chamber, 500 mature larvae are placed into each wood box, and the mature larvae are buried in the wood boxes again. Then keeping indoor ventilation, adopting no temperature regulation measure, uniformly spraying the liquid which is eighty times as much as the liquid of the eighty-four disinfection liquid to the room every 7 days, disinfecting the soil surface and the room in the wood box, spraying water to the soil in the wood box by using a spraying pot, and ensuring that no water is accumulated at the bottom of the wood box.
Heating the heating chamber by an electric heater in 2021, 3 months and 10 days. The starting temperature was 10 ℃ and increased by 5 ℃ every 5 days until 25 ℃ was reached. Respectively recording the time length from the pupation starting of the first aged larva to the pupation starting of all the aged larvae (pupation interval) after the 3 geographic populations of the Clanis bilineata tsingtauica are heated in the starting chamber, randomly counting pupation periods of the pupations in the period, repeating for three times, and counting for 30 heads each time; with the heating, 3 geographical populations developed into adults from pupa metamorphosis, the duration from the first pupa to the last pupa (eclosion interval) was recorded, and statistics of the life of the female adults was randomly performed, repeated three times, and 30 female adults were counted each time. And calculating the average pupal duration, the average life span of female adults, the pupation rate and the emergence rate of 3 geographic populations of the bean hawkmoth.
The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of several Life parameters of Douglas fir in different geographical populations
Table 1Comparison of several life parameters of different geographical populations of Clanis bilineata tsingtauica
Note: data are mean ± sem; different letters after the same column of data indicate significant differences (P <0.05) as tested by Duncan's new complex range method.
It can be seen that the pupation rate of the Hubei population is the highest, reaching 98.89%, and then Henan and Jiangsu populations, the pupation rates are 94.44% and 85.56%, respectively; the pupation rate of the Hubei population is not obviously different from that of the Henan population (P >0.05), but is obviously higher than that of the Jiangsu population (P < 0.05). The emergence rates of Jiangsu, Henan and Hubei populations are 97.78%, 97.78% and 94.44% respectively, and the emergence rates among 3 geographic populations have no significant difference (P > 0.05). Pupation intervals and eclosion intervals of Jiangsu, Henan and Hubei populations are sequentially prolonged, and the pupation intervals are respectively 24, 27 and 30; the eclosion intervals were 23, 27 and 29, respectively. The pupa calendar period and the adult life of the Jiangsu population are 14 and 3.20 respectively; the calendar period of the Henan population pupae and the life of the female adult are respectively 13.80 and 2.80; the calendar period of the pupae and the life of the adult female are respectively 12.20 and 2.80 in Hubei population; the pupae of Jiangsu and Henan populations have no significant difference in duration (P >0.05), but are both significantly higher than the Hubei population (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference in the life span of the female adults of the 3 geographic populations (P > 0.05).
Example 2 comparison of the number of eggs in offspring and the hatching rate after crossing between populations
The 3 bean hawkmoths in example 1 were selfed in different geographic populations and compared in terms of single-female egg laying amount and egg hatchability difference after hybridization between Henan and Hubei populations and Jiangsu populations. The test is divided into 7 treatments, namely female Jiangsu, male Jiangsu, female Henan, male Hubei, female Henan, male Jiangsu, female Jiangsu, male Hubei and female Hubei. 50 each female or male adults of the soybean hornworm of the corresponding geographic population are respectively taken for each treatment and put into 1 mating cage. Sequentially mating and mating the adult soybean hornworm at a ratio of 22:00, independently placing 30 female worms in a plastic box after mating is finished in each treatment, and observing the egg laying amount of each female in different treatments; after the egg laying, 300 eggs are taken from each treatment, are averagely divided into 3 plastic boxes, and then are placed in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃ for culture. And 4 d, disinfecting the egg surface, and mixing a formaldehyde solution, a hydrochloric acid solution and water according to the weight ratio of 0.5: 0.5: 10, soaking the eggs for 30 min, washing the eggs with clear water, then placing the eggs on filter paper to absorb surface moisture, finishing the disinfection, continuously placing the eggs in a constant-temperature incubator, and observing and recording the hatchability of each treated egg every day after 5 days.
The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 number and hatchability of progeny eggs after crossing between Doudura bicolor populations
Table 2Number and hatchability of progeny eggs after hybridization between populations of Clanis bilineata tsingtauica
It can be seen that in 7 treatments, the highest egg production per female is a combination of south river male parent and Jiangsu male parent, which reaches 139.67 grains, and secondly is a combination of Jiangsu female parent and south river male parent, Jiangsu female parent and Hubei male parent and south river male parent, and the egg production per female is 124.67, 124.33 and 123.67 grains respectively; there was no significant difference in egg production per female between 4 treatments (P >0.05), but the combination of Henan ×. Jiangsu |, and Henan × (P <0.05) was significantly higher in egg production per female than the other 3 treatments (P < 0.05). The egg hatchability is basically consistent with the representation of the single-female egg laying amount. The highest egg hatching rate of the combined Henan female parent and Jiangsu female parent reaches 90.67 percent; the egg hatchability is respectively 89.33%, 89.00%, 87.67% and 87.33%, the difference of the 5 inter-treatment egg hatchability is not significant (P is more than 0.05), but the combined Henan female parent and Jiangsu female parent is remarkably higher than the combined Henan female parent and Jiangsu female parent (86.33%) and the combined Jiangsu female and Jiangsu female (79.00%) (P is less than 0.05).
Example 3 comparison of survival rates of offspring larvae after Cross-population hybridization
500 eggs from each of the 7 treated eggs of example 2 were cultured in an incubator, 300 eggs of healthy and lively first instar larvae were picked after hatching, each egg was randomly placed in 3 cells, and 100 eggs of each cell were lightly placed on soybean leaves in the cell. In order to prevent other insects from influencing the growth of the soybean hornworm larvae, the soybean hornworm larvae are connected to the leaves, and then the cells are covered by using an insect-proof net with the net diameter of 0.1 mm and a stick. The survival rate of larvae of each treatment was counted at 2 d after each 1-instar growth of larvae of the soybean hornworm.
The invention discloses a solution for population degradation caused by perennial artificial breeding in the field of artificial breeding of resource insects. By comparing the difference of different insect-state apparent traits and indexes such as pupation rate, emergence rate, pupation period, life of female adults and the like among 3 different geographic populations of the bean hawkmoth, the south Henan population and the north Huzhou population are compared with the Jiangsu population according to the ratio of the number of female to male to female to be 1: 1, and comparing the egg laying amount of female insects, the hatching rate of offspring eggs and the survival rate of larvae in each age period after mating. Finally, the obtained Henan female parent and Jiangsu male parent combination is the optimal route for improving the offspring of Jiangsu population. The method disclosed by the invention provides a new direction and thought for the bean hawkmoth industry in Jiangsu areas, so that the problem of population degradation caused by artificial breeding is solved, and the method has important significance for the healthy and good development of the bean hawkmoth breeding industry.
The results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 survival rates of offspring larvae at different ages after crossing between bean hawkmoth populations
Table 3Survival rates of progeny larvae at different instars after interpopulation hybridization of Clanis bilineata tsingtauica
It can be seen that all treated larvae showed a decrease in survival rate with increasing age. The survival rate of Jiangsu female parent and Jiangsu male parent combined larvae in each age period is the lowest in 7 treatments, and the survival rate of larvae at 3 ages is remarkably lower than that of larvae of other 6 treatments (P < 0.05). The survival rate of the second-instar larvae combining Jiangsu male parent, Hubei male parent and Henan male parent is higher, and is 81.33%, 81.33% and 81.00% respectively, but the survival rate of the combined Jiangsu male parent, Henan male parent and Jiangsu female parent and Hubei male parent is higher along with the increase of the age, the survival rate of the combined Jiangsu male parent, Henan male parent and Jiangsu female and Hubei male is lower, the survival rate of the combined Hubei male and Jiangsu female and Hubei male is lower (77.67%), but the survival rate is lower at 3-5 ages, the survival rate of the combined Hubei male and Jiangsu female is higher than that of the 5-instar larvae, and the survival rate of the 5-th river male and south combined and Jiangsu male is higher than that of the Hubei male and the Husu male and the Hubei male combined Hubei male and Jiangsu male, 70.67%, and the former 5-th larvae is higher than that of the other 5-instar larvae (P < 0.05).
From the results of example 2 and example 3, it can be seen that the henan population of the wild bean hawkmoth and the artificially bred jiangsu population are as follows: male = 1: after 1 number of mating, the single-female spawning amount, the egg hatchability and the survival rate of 5 instar larvae are all higher than those of other treatments, so the method can effectively solve the problem of population degeneration of Jiangsu population.
Claims (4)
1. A method for hybridizing different geopopulations of bean hawkmoth is characterized by being used for researching feasibility of hybridization among different geopopulations on Jiangsu population improvement.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said method comprises comparing the differences in apparent traits between 3 different geopopulations of bean hawkmoth with the indicators of pupation rate, emergence rate, pupation period and life of adult female worms, and then comparing the relative amounts of south Henan population and North Hu population to Jiangsu population in a ratio of 1: 1, and comparing the differences of the egg laying amount of female insects, the hatching rate of offspring eggs and the survival rate of larvae in each age period after mating.
3. The method for crossing between geographic populations of different Clanis bilineata tsingtauica according to claim 1 is characterized in that by comparing several life parameters of Clanis bilineata tsingtauica with the geographic population, the optimal route for improving offspring of Clanis bilineata tsingtauica by the Henan female-Jiangsu combination is finally obtained.
4. The application of the hybridization method between different geographic populations of bean hawkmoth as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the hybridization method is used for solving the problem of population degradation of Jiangsu populations of bean hawkmoth caused by artificial breeding for a long time, provides a certain theoretical basis and technical guidance, and has important significance for the development of the industry of bean hawkmoth breeding.
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RU2149540C1 (en) * | 1998-08-20 | 2000-05-27 | Совхоз "Тепличный" | Method of raising high-productivity bumblebees of bombus terrestris type |
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RU2149540C1 (en) * | 1998-08-20 | 2000-05-27 | Совхоз "Тепличный" | Method of raising high-productivity bumblebees of bombus terrestris type |
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