CN114621303A - 一种高效的2′-o-取代核苷的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高效的2′-o-取代核苷的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002777 nucleoside Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 150000003833 nucleoside derivatives Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
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- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
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- DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N uracil arabinoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(CO)OC1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C=C1 DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000002103 4,4'-dimethoxytriphenylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)(C1=C([H])C([H])=C(OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])=C1[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C(OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UWTDFICHZKXYAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;oxolane Chemical compound [B].C1CCOC1 UWTDFICHZKXYAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZADPBFCGQRWHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N boronic acid Chemical compound OBO ZADPBFCGQRWHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N ethyl (e)-3-[3-amino-2-cyano-1-[(e)-3-ethoxy-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\SC(=C(C#N)C(N)=O)S\C=C\C(=O)OCC NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroborane Chemical compound ClB(Cl)Cl FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H1/00—Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H1/00—Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
- C07H1/06—Separation; Purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
- C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
- C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
- C07H19/06—Pyrimidine radicals
- C07H19/067—Pyrimidine radicals with ribosyl as the saccharide radical
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种高效的2′‑O‑取代核苷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:式II化合物与式III化合物置于溶剂中,在硼催化剂和碱存在条件下进行反应,制得式I化合物。本发明方法操作简单、成本低、收率高、产物纯度高、环保安全,适合工业化生产。本发明方法合成路线如下:
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物化学领域,具体涉及一种高效的2′-O-取代核苷的制备方法。
背景技术
糖基2'位修饰一直是核酸化学修饰中的研究热点。已有较多研究表明,2'-O-烷氧基修饰的核苷可增强与RNA的亲和力,增强寡核苷酸对核酸酶的抗性。例如,2'位被乙二醇单甲醚(2'-O-MOE)修饰的核苷合成的反义寡核苷酸对于RNA的亲和力较高,核酸酶抗性更好,毒性和免疫刺激更小等优点,被广泛应用于临床反义寡核苷酸药物中。
现有文献报道的2′-O-取代核苷的制备工艺中,通常采用2,2'-脱水核苷开环合成2'-O-取代核苷,例如其先将乙二醇单甲醚与硼烷四氢呋喃反应制备得到甲氧基乙氧基硼酸酯,再与2,2'-脱水尿苷反应得到2'-O-MOE尿苷。该类方法由于采用较为污染、易燃、易爆及昂贵的硼烷试剂,且通过两步化学反应制备,不仅成本高昂,还造成了不必要的环境污染;此外,该类反应还存在反应产物纯化困难、收率低,甚至完全不反应等问题,难以进行工业化应用。
因此,亟需开发出新的操作简单、成本更低、收率高、产物纯度高、环保安全且适合工业化生产的2′-O-取代核苷的制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供高效的2′-O-取代核苷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:式II化合物与式III化合物置于溶剂中,在硼催化剂和碱存在条件下进行反应,制得式I化合物,合成路线如下:
其中,R1选自氢、C1~C8的烷基或卤素;
R2选自取代或未取代的C1~C8的烷基、C1~C8的烷氧基、C3~C6的环烷基、芳环或杂环基团;
所述硼催化剂选自硼酸、三氧化二硼、硼酸三甲酯、硼酸三乙酯中的任一种或其组合;
所述碱选自碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾中的任一种或其组合。
本发明优选的技术方案中,R1选自氢、甲基、溴或氯。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述R2选自
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述式III化合物选自
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述式I化合物选自
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述溶剂选自可与水共沸的有机溶剂,优选自苯类溶剂、酯类溶剂、醚类溶剂中的任一种或其组合。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述苯类溶剂选自甲苯、二甲苯中的任一种或其组合。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述酯类溶剂选自乙酸异丁酯、乙酸正丁酯中的任一种或其组合。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述醚类溶剂选自叔戊基甲基醚或甲基叔丁基醚的任一种或其组合。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述式II化合物和式III化合物的摩尔比为1:3-20,优选为1:5-15,更优选为1:6-13。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述式II化合物与溶剂的质量体积比为1:1-5g/mL,优选为1:1.5-3g/mL。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述式II化合物与硼催化剂的摩尔比为1:0.1-1.0,优选为1:0.1-0.2。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述式II化合物与碱的摩尔比为1:0.1-1.0,优选为1:0.1-0.5。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述反应温度为120-200℃,优选为150-160℃。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述反应时间为8-26h,优选为9-24h。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述反应在分水器或者刺形精馏柱中进行。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述式I化合物还可通过柱层析进行纯化。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述柱层析的洗脱剂为二氯甲烷:甲醇体积比为100:1~20:1,优选为35:1~20:1。
本发明的另一目的在于提供5'-DMT-2'-O-取代核苷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将式I化合物置于吡啶中,0-5℃温度下与DMTrCl反应,得到5'-DMT-2'-O-取代核苷。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述反应时间为1-10h,优选为3-5h。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述式I化合物与DMTrCl的摩尔比为1:1.05-1.2,优选为1:1.1。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述反应后经过柱层析分离纯化。
本发明优选的技术方案中,所述柱层析的洗脱剂为二氯甲烷:甲醇体积比为100:1~20:1。
本文中,
MOE是指甲氧基乙基;
DMTrCl是指4,4'-二甲氧基三苯基氯甲烷;
DMT是指4,4'-二甲氧基三苯甲基。
除非另有说明,本发明涉及液体与液体之间的百分比时,所述的百分比为体积/体积百分比;本发明涉及液体与固体之间的百分比时,所述百分比为体积/重量百分比;本发明涉及固体与液体之间的百分比时,所述百分比为重量/体积百分比;其余为重量/重量百分比。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
1、本发明方法通过硼催化剂和碱的组合条件,可以一步实现2'-O-取代核苷的制备,无需先制备硼酸酯,避免了易燃易爆硼烷或易腐蚀三氯化硼的使用,使得本发明方法操作简单,成本低廉,可应用于工业化大生产。
2、本发明方法收率高、产品纯度高,反应速度快,较现有技术至少节约50%的反应时间,具有明显经济效益,适合进行工业化应用。
3、本发明方法使用的试剂价格廉价,且反应所用溶剂可以回收利用,符合绿色化学的理念。
4、本发明方法制得的2'-O-取代核苷可不经分离纯化即可用于反义寡核苷酸药物中间体5'-DMT-2'-O-取代核苷的制备中,工艺简单,收率高。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式,对本发明的上述内容再作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
实施例1 2'-O-取代-5-甲基尿苷(化合物a)的制备
于250mL圆底烧瓶中加入式II化合物2,2'-脱水-5-甲基尿苷(12g,0.050mol,1.0equiv.)、硼酸(0.62g,0.010mol,0.20equiv.),碳酸氢钠(0.84g,0.010mol,0.20equiv.)、50mL式III化合物1、20mL甲苯,装刺形精馏柱,150℃加热14h,TLC监测至反应完全。置于旋转蒸发仪中减压浓缩至干,得化合物a。
将制得的化合物a通过柱层析纯化,柱层析洗脱剂为二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1。
经柱层析分离纯化得到化合物a(14.42g,收率91%,纯度>95%)。
化合物a的结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.45(d,J=1.3Hz,1H),5.63(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),4.31(dq,J=9.7,4.9Hz,2H,),4.09(dt,J=4.4,2.3Hz,1H,),3.99–3.89(m,3H),3.78(dd,J=12.4,2.4Hz,1H),3.69(ddd,J=11.4,7.8,2.5Hz,1H),3.63–3.43(m,2H),3.38(s,3H),1.88(d,J=1.3Hz,3H,)。
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ164.2,150.7,138.3,110.9,91.1,85.4,81.2,71.7,69.9,69.2,61.9,58.9,12.4。
MS(ESI)317.1[M+H]+。
实施例2 2'-O-取代-5-甲基尿苷(化合物a)的制备
于50mL圆底烧瓶中加入式II化合物2,2'-脱水-5-甲基尿苷(2.4g,0.010mol,1.0equiv.),硼酸(0.124g,0.002mol,0.20equiv.),碳酸氢钠(0.084g,0.001mol,0.10equiv.),10mL式III化合物1,4~5mL甲苯,装刺形精馏柱,150℃加热回流14h,TLC监测至反应完全。置于旋转蒸发仪中减压浓缩至干,得化合物a。
将制得的化合物a通过柱层析纯化,柱层析洗脱剂为二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1。
经柱层析分离纯化得到化合物a 13.79g,收率87%。
实施例3 2'-O-取代-5-甲基尿苷(化合物a)的制备
于50mL圆底烧瓶中加入式II化合物2,2'-脱水-5-甲基尿苷(2.4g,0.010mol,1.0equiv.),硼酸(0.62g,0.010mol,1.0equiv.),碳酸氢钠(0.84g,0.010mol,1.0equiv.),10mL式III化合物1,4~5mL甲苯,装刺形精馏柱,150℃加热回流14h,TLC监测至反应完全。置于旋转蒸发仪中减压浓缩至干,得化合物a,HPLC产率为88%。
实施例4 2'-O-取代-5-甲基尿苷(化合物a)的制备
于50mL圆底烧瓶中加入式II化合物2,2'-脱水-5-甲基尿苷(2.4g,0.010mol,1.0equiv.),硼酸(0.124g,0.002mol,0.20equiv.),碳酸氢钠(0.42g,0.005mol,0.50equiv.),10mL式III化合物1,4~5mL乙酸正丁酯,装刺形精馏柱,150℃加热回流14h,TLC监测至反应完全。置于旋转蒸发仪中减压浓缩至干,得化合物a,HPLC产率为90%。
实施例5 2'-O-取代-5-甲基尿苷(化合物b)的制备
于50mL圆底烧瓶中加入式II化合物2,2'-脱水-5-甲基尿苷(2.4g,0.010mol,1.0equiv.),硼酸(0.124g,0.002mol,0.20equiv.),碳酸氢钠(0.084g,0.001mol,0.10equiv.),10mL式III化合物3,4~5mL甲苯,装刺形精馏柱,150℃加热回流14h,TLC监测至反应完全。置于旋转蒸发仪中减压浓缩至干,得化合物b。
将制得的化合物b通过柱层析纯化,柱层析条件如下:二氯甲烷:甲醇=25:1
经柱层析分离纯化得到化合物b(2.74g,收率83%,纯度>95%)。
化合物b的结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.54(s,1H),7.40(d,J=1.3Hz,1H),5.61(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),4.37(p,J=5.0Hz,2H),4.13(dq,J=6.0,3.8,3.1Hz,2H),4.02–3.90(m,2H),3.79(d,J=12.4Hz,1H),3.78–3.67(m,1H),3.64(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),3.65–3.53(m,3H),3.57–3.46(m,1H),1.91(d,J=1.3Hz,3H),1.23(t,J=7.0Hz,3H)。
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ164.1,150.6,138.7,110.9,91.7,85.6,80.9,70.0,69.5,69.48,66.8,62.2,14.9,12.4。
MS(ESI)331.2[M+H]+。
实施例6 2'-O-取代-5-甲基尿苷(化合物c)的制备
于50mL圆底烧瓶中加入式II化合物2,2'-脱水-5-甲基尿苷(2.4g,0.010mol,1.0equiv.),硼酸(0.124g,0.002mol,0.20equiv.),碳酸氢钠(0.084g,0.001mol,0.10equiv.),10mL式III化合物5,4~5mL甲苯,装刺形精馏柱,150℃加热24h,TLC监测至反应完全。置于旋转蒸发仪中减压浓缩至干,得化合物b。
将制得的化合物c通过柱层析纯化,柱层析条件如下:二氯甲烷:甲醇=100:1~20:1
经柱层析分离纯化得到化合物c(2.64g,收率80%,纯度>95%)。
化合物c的结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ 7.61(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),5.83(d,J=4.4Hz,1H),4.17(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),4.07–3.94(m,2H),3.78(d,J=12.8Hz,1H),3.71–3.39(m,4H),3.21(s,3H),1.75(d,J=2.0Hz,3H),1.00(d,J=1.6Hz,3H)。
13C NMR(101MHz,D2O)δ166.3,151.5,137.3,137.2,111.4,111.3,87.3,84.2,84.1,81.7,81.4,76.1,75.9,73.4,73.1,68.3,68.3,60.4,60.3,55.7,55.5,14.7,14.7,11.5。
MS(ESI)331.2[M+H]+。
实施例7 2'-O-取代-5-甲基尿苷(化合物d)的制备
于50mL圆底烧瓶中加入式II化合物2,2'-脱水-5-甲基尿苷(2.4g,0.010mol,1.0equiv.),硼酸(0.124g,0.002mol,0.20equiv.),碳酸氢钠(0.084g,0.001mol,0.10equiv.),10mL式III化合物2,4~5mL甲苯,装刺形精馏柱,150℃加热12h,TLC监测至反应完全。置于旋转蒸发仪中减压浓缩至干,得化合物d。
将制得的化合物d通过柱层析纯化,柱层析条件如下:二氯甲烷:甲醇=30:1
经柱层析分离纯化得到化合物d(3.28g,收率91%,纯度>95%)。
化合物d的结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.86(1H,s),7.53(1H,d,J=1.6Hz),5.70(1H,d,J=4.7Hz),4.34(1H,t,J=4.7Hz),4.28(1H,t,J=4.9Hz),4.11(1H,dt,J=4.5,2.1Hz),3.96(3H,ddd,J=12.8,8.4,5.2Hz),3.84–3.60(6H,m),3.64–3.53(2H,m),3.38(3H,s),1.90(3H,d,J=1.6Hz)。
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ164.3,150.7,138.1,110.8,90.6,85.3,81.4,71.7,70.3,70.2,70.0,69.2,61.8,59.0,12.4。
MS(ESI)361.2[M+H]+。
实施例8 2'-O-取代-5-甲基尿苷(化合物e)的制备
于50mL圆底烧瓶中加入式II化合物2,2'-脱水-5-甲基尿苷(2.4g,0.010mol,1.0equiv.),硼酸(0.124g,0.002mol,0.20equiv.),碳酸氢钠(0.084g,0.001mol,0.10equiv.),10mL式III化合物4,4~5mL甲苯,装刺形精馏柱,150℃加热9h,TLC监测至反应完全。置于旋转蒸发仪中减压浓缩至干,得化合物e。
将制得的化合物e通过柱层析纯化,柱层析条件如下:二氯甲烷:甲醇=35:1
经柱层析分离纯化得到化合物e(3.64g,收率90%,纯度>95%)。
化合物e的结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O)δ7.60(t,J=1.9Hz,1H),5.80(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),4.17(t,J=5.2Hz,1H),4.02(t,J=4.7Hz,1H),3.95(dt,J=6.2,3.4Hz,1H),3.80–3.72(m,1H),3.70–3.61(m,3H),3.56(dd,J=5.8,3.1Hz,2H),3.54–3.42(m,9H),3.22(d,J=2.3Hz,3H),1.73(d,J=1.9Hz,3H)。
13C NMR(101MHz,D2O)δ166.2,151.4,137.3,111.2,87.4,84.2,81.3,70.9,69.7,69.6,69.6,69.4,69.4,68.3,60.3,58.0,11.5。
MS(ESI)405.2[M+H]+。
实施例9 2'-O-取代尿苷(化合物f)的制备
于50mL圆底烧瓶中加入式II化合物2,2'-脱水-尿苷(2.4g,0.010mol,1.0equiv.),硼酸(0.124g,0.002mol,0.20equiv.),碳酸氢钠(0.084g,0.001mol,0.10equiv.),10mL式III化合物1,4mL甲苯,装刺形精馏柱,150℃加热12h,TLC监测至反应完全。置于旋转蒸发仪中减压浓缩至干,得化合物f。
将制得的化合物f通过柱层析纯化,柱层析条件如下:二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1
经柱层析分离纯化得到化合物f(2.45g,收率81%,纯度>95%)。
化合物f的结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.43(s,1H),7.77(td,J=6.2,3.1Hz,1H),5.85–5.80(m,1H),5.77(s,1H),4.41(s,1H),4.35(t,J=4.9Hz,1H),4.20(dq,J=4.8,2.9,2.4Hz,1H),4.10–4.02(m,2H),3.97(s,1H),3.92–3.87(m,1H),3.80(ddt,J=14.1,8.3,2.6Hz,1H),3.69(tq,J=8.1,2.9,2.4Hz,1H),3.60(dqd,J=7.1,4.8,2.9Hz,1H),3.49(q,J=2.2,1.6Hz,3H),3.35(s,1H)。
13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ150.5,142.3,115.0,102.5,91.1,85.5,81.6,71.8,70.2,69.2,61.9,59.1。
MS(ESI)303.2[M+H]+。
实施例10 2'-O-取代尿苷(化合物g)的制备
于50mL圆底烧瓶中加入式II化合物2,2'-脱水-尿苷(2.4g,0.010mol,1.0equiv.),硼酸(0.124g,0.002mol,0.20equiv.),碳酸氢钠(0.084g,0.001mol,0.10equiv.),10mL式III化合物2,4~5mL甲苯,装刺形精馏柱,150℃加热12h,TLC监测至反应完全。置于旋转蒸发仪中减压浓缩至干,得化合物g。
将制得的化合物g通过柱层析纯化,柱层析条件如下:二氯甲烷:甲醇=30:1
经柱层析分离纯化得到化合物g(2.95g,收率85%,纯度>95%)。
化合物g的结构表征数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.60(s,1H),7.76(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),5.77–5.71(m,2H),4.32(t,J=4.8Hz,1H),4.24(t,J=4.6Hz,1H),4.14–4.08(m,1H),4.07–3.99(m,1H),3.97(t,J=11.9Hz,2H),3.85–3.59(m,5H),3.56(dd,J=5.9,3.2Hz,2H),3.49(d,J=9.8Hz,1H),3.38(s,3H),2.23(s,1H)。
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ163.7,150.5,142.1,102.4,90.4,85.3,81.7,71.7,70.3,70.1,69.1,63.7,61.6,59.0
MS(ESI)347.1[M+H]+。
实施例11 5'-DMT-2'-O-MOE-5-甲基尿苷的制备
于250mL圆底烧瓶中加入化合物II 2,2'-脱水-5-甲基尿苷(2.4g,10.0mmol,1.0equiv.),硼酸(124mg,2.0mmol,0.20equiv.),碳酸氢钠(84mg,1.0mmol,0.10equiv.),12mL式III化合物1,4~5mL甲苯,装刺形精馏柱,150℃加热14h,TLC监测至反应完全。减压浓缩至干,得化合物a的粗产品。
将化合物a的粗产品溶于吡啶中(30mL),0℃条件下分批加入DMTrCl(3.74g,11.0mmol,1.1equiv.),反应3h,TLC监测至反应完全。加入甲醇淬灭反应,减压浓缩,经柱层析分离纯化(二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1)得到5'-DMT-2'-O-MOE-5-甲基尿苷4.76g,两步反应收率为77%,纯度>95%。
显然,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
Claims (10)
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述溶剂选自可与水共沸的有机溶剂;优选自苯类溶剂、酯类溶剂或醚类溶剂中的任一种或其组合;
进一步优选的,所述苯类溶剂选自甲苯、二甲苯中的任一种或其组合;
进一步优选的,所述酯类溶剂选自乙酸异丁酯、乙酸正丁酯中的任一种或其组合;
进一步优选的,所述醚类溶剂选自叔戊基甲基醚、甲基叔丁基醚的任一种或其组合。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述式II化合物和式III化合物的摩尔比为1:3-20,优选为1:5-15,更优选为1:6-13。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述式II化合物与溶剂的质量体积比为1:1-5g/mL,优选质量体积比为1:1.5-3g/mL。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述式II化合物与硼催化剂的摩尔比为1:0.1-1.0,优选为1:0.1-0.2;
和/或,所述式II化合物与碱的摩尔比为1:0.1-1.0,优选为1:0.1-0.5;。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述反应温度为120-200℃,优选为150-160℃;所述反应时间为8-26h,优选为9-24h。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述式I化合物还可通过柱层析纯化;优选的,所述柱层析的洗脱剂为二氯甲烷:甲醇体积比为100:1~20:1,优选为35:1~20:1。
10.一种5'-DMT-2'-O-取代核苷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将根据权利要求1-9任一项所述制备方法制得的式I化合物置于吡啶中,0-5℃温度下与DMTrCl反应,得到5'-DMT-2'-O-取代核苷。
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WO1996027606A1 (en) * | 1995-03-06 | 1996-09-12 | Isis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Improved process for the synthesis of 2'-o-substituted pyrimidines and oligomeric compounds therefrom |
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WO2004097049A1 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-11-11 | Isis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Oligoribonucleotides and ribonucleases for cleaving rna |
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