CN114617089A - Saline-alkali beach brackish water recycling system and process method - Google Patents
Saline-alkali beach brackish water recycling system and process method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system and a process method thereof, wherein the saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system comprises a breeding area, a water diversion canal, a water isolation ditch, a planting area and a low-level reservoir; the low-level reservoir is connected with a water diversion canal through a water lift pump, the water diversion canal is connected with a culture area through a valve, the culture area is connected with the water-proof ditch through a drainage valve, the water-proof ditch is respectively connected with the planting area and the low-level reservoir, and the planting area is connected with the low-level reservoir through a gate; the planting area comprises a planting soil layer, the bottom of the planting soil layer is provided with a concealed pipe drainage layer, and the concealed pipe drainage layer is connected with the water-proof ditch.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil treatment, and particularly relates to a saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system and a process method thereof.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy, the land is over-developed, in order to increase the production and income, farmers use more and more fertilizers and pesticides, the hardening of the land is more and more serious, and the forming range of secondary saline-alkali beaches is also more and more large; meanwhile, the development scale of urban construction is enlarged year by year, and the contradiction of land occupation balance is more and more prominent, so that the comprehensive treatment of the saline-alkali beach, the treatment of the saline-alkali beach into fertile farmland and the increase of the supply of land indexes have important significance.
Irrigation salt washing is the most main technology for treating the saline-alkali beach at present, and can quickly wash out various salts in the saline-alkali beach and wash whitened saline-alkali lands into cultivable lands. Most of the irrigation salt-washing wastewater is finally introduced into a local water conservancy system along with a drainage channel and finally flows into a nearby main river. A large amount of irrigation salt-washing wastewater is generated in the large-scale saline-alkali soil treatment, and the irrigation salt-washing wastewater is discharged into rivers completely and can bring harm to the ecological environment of the rivers and the soil of the downstream watershed.
CN108217694A discloses an automatic solar energy conveyer belt type salt drying device and an ecological recycling method of saline-alkali soil salt washing wastewater, which mainly comprises a water storage tank, a negative pressure ventilation system, a salt drying pool and a salt collecting tank, and the method comprises the following steps: determining the position of an ecological engineering system, and constructing a drainage ditch in the saline-alkali soil of the semiarid region; the ecological engineering system comprises a buffer water storage tank, an ecological fishpond and a solar conveyor belt type automatic salt-drying system; collecting the salt-washing wastewater and discharging the salt-washing wastewater into a buffer water storage tank; the salinity of the salt-washing wastewater is adjusted and then the salt-washing wastewater is injected into an ecological fish pond to culture aquatic products, the harvested salt-washing wastewater is evaporated, concentrated and pumped into a solar conveyor belt type automatic salt drying system to dry salt, and the obtained crude salt is collected, so that the problem that the salinity tends to fall in the saline-alkali soil treatment is solved.
CN108633792A discloses a method for fish-farming comprehensive breeding in saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps: firstly, layout of saline-alkali soil; secondly, soaking and washing; thirdly, preparing a culture pond; fourthly, stocking the fish seeds; fifthly, cultivation management: firstly, feeding the feed; controlling the oxygen content in water; thirdly, water quality regulation and control: fourthly, periodically adding bacillus powder into the culture pond; and sixthly, soaking and washing the plurality of plots to be treated by using pond culture water in the culture pond. The invention can be used for saline-alkali soil improvement and realizes zero discharge of wastewater.
The south America white shrimps are commonly called white shrimps or white shrimps, belong to wide-temperature euryhaline tropical shrimps, belong to omnivory, have three characteristics of strong adaptability, high growth speed, strong disease resistance and the like, and can grow as long as the protein ratio in the bait accounts for more than 20 percent; the seedlings can grow into adults with the body length of 24cm after being cultured for more than 100 days. For example, CN108967085A discloses a paddy field-south america white shrimp heterotopic ecological breeding system, includes according to the rivers direction in proper order: the device comprises a water purification unit, a primary purified rice field, a secondary purified rice field, a plurality of high-position shrimp culture ponds and/or water storage ponds and a plurality of penaeus vannamei boone warm sheds; one side of the penaeus vannamei boone greenhouse is provided with a water inlet ditch, the other side of the penaeus vannamei boone greenhouse is provided with a water drainage ditch, the water inlet ditch is communicated with the high-position shrimp culture pond and/or the water storage pond, and the water drainage ditch is communicated with the primary purified paddy field; the organic paddy field is separated from a high-position shrimp culture pond and a shrimp greenhouse, an ectopic ecological culture mode of the paddy field penaeus vannamei boone is constructed, the problem of high death rate of intensive culture of the penaeus vannamei boone is solved, the yield and the quality of the penaeus vannamei boone are improved, and the yield and the income are increased.
The inner Mongolia approximately has more than 5000 ten thousand mu of saline-alkali beach which is called as soil cancer, but with the use of a large amount of chemical fertilizers, fertile farmlands in the river-sleeve area are polluted, and the soil hardening is serious. At present, only the saline-alkali beach is not polluted, and if the saline-alkali beach is treated into fine farmland, the saline-alkali beach can become organic farmland, so that the living quality and health of people can be improved, and the cultivated land of the country can be increased. How to carry out protective development on the saline-alkali land, and further build a saline-alkali land industrial ecological complex with cooperative development of first, second and third productions on the saline-alkali land after development; realizes the recycling of secondary water resources, discharges irrigation wastewater in a zero way, creates an organic and ecological industrial park, and has huge ecological, economic and social benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system and a process method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system comprises a culture area, a water diversion canal, a water isolation ditch, a planting area and a low-level reservoir; the low-order cistern passes through the water lift pump and is connected with the inlet channel, the inlet channel is connected with the breed district through first valve, breed the district through drain valve with water proof ditch is connected, water proof ditch with plant the district and connect, plant the district through the gate with the low-order cistern is connected.
Preferably, plant the district including planting the soil horizon, plant soil horizon bottom and establish the hidden pipe drainage blanket, the hidden pipe drainage blanket with water proof ditch is connected.
Ceramsite is mixed in the planting soil layer; the weight of the ceramsite is 0.1-0.5% of the weight of the soil in the planting soil layer.
The pipe diameter of the concealed pipe drainage layer is 30-80cm, the spacing between the concealed pipes is 15-20m, and the concealed pipes are distributed in a grid shape.
The concealed pipe is a reed hoop salt discharge pipe, and hollow reeds are wrapped on the outer wall of the gravel pasting filter pipe, so that laying of a sand cushion layer at the bottom of a concealed pipe drainage layer is avoided, and blockage of the gravel pasting filter pipe is effectively prevented. Meanwhile, the reed concealed conduit increases the air permeability of the saline-alkali beach soil and improves the survival rate of the crops in the planting area. The reed can be used as organic fiber to return to the field after being decayed for 6-8 years, and the soil hardening problem is further solved.
And PVC pipes are arranged at the intersections of the concealed pipes, and the height of each PVC pipe is 5-12cm higher than the planting soil layer.
The penaeus vannamei boone is cultured in the culture area, and the stocking density of the penaeus vannamei boone is 2-4 ten thousand tails/mu; the daily feeding amount is 2-3% of the weight of the shrimps, and preferably, the stocking density is 3 ten thousand tails per mu; the daily feeding amount is 2.5 percent of the weight of the shrimps.
Preferably, the bait for feeding comprises 20-60g/kg of immunopotentiator.
Preferably, the immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of trollius chinensis bunge extract, 20-25 parts of houttuynia cordata extract, 5-12 parts of trehalose and 50-100 parts of zeolite powder.
Preferably, the preparation method of the immunopotentiator comprises the following steps: dissolving the globeflower extract, the houttuynia cordata extract and the trehalose in water according to the formula ratio, adding zeolite powder into the dissolved solution, drying and crushing to obtain the immunopotentiator.
The invention also provides a process method of the saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) discharging water in the low-level reservoir into a culture area by using a pump station, enabling the water to automatically flow into a water-isolating ditch, opening a water discharge valve when the highest water level in the water-isolating ditch is larger than the minimum elevation of a concealed pipe, enabling the water to automatically flow into a planting area through the concealed pipe, and enabling the redundant water to flow into the low-level reservoir to enable a planting soil layer to be completely soaked for 7-10 days;
(2) opening a gate to enable the saline-washing water in the planting area to automatically flow into a low-level reservoir; enabling the salt washing water in the low-level reservoir to enter the aqueduct through a pump station;
(3) the saline-alkali water in the water diversion channel automatically flows into a culture area, and the salt content in the saline-alkali water is removed by utilizing the requirement on salt content in the growth process of the penaeus vannamei boone;
(4) the method comprises the following steps that the litopenaeus vannamei culture water automatically flows into a water isolation ditch, when the highest water level in the water isolation ditch is larger than the minimum elevation of a concealed pipe, a drainage valve is opened, the litopenaeus vannamei culture water automatically flows into a planting area through the concealed pipe, and redundant water flows into a low-level reservoir to enable a planting soil layer to be completely soaked for 4-5 hours;
(5) opening a gate to enable the saline-washing water in the planting area to automatically flow into a low-level reservoir; the salt washing water in the low-level reservoir enters the aqueduct through the pump station;
(6) and (5) circulating the steps (3) to (5) to realize zero discharge of the planting and breeding wastewater.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention can better solve the problems of hardening of the saline-alkali soil, generation of secondary saline-alkali beaches, high cost of the traditional concealed conduit salt discharge technology, easy aging of concealed conduits and the like, and realizes zero pollution discharge and recycling of saline-alkali soil brackish water resources.
(2) The method can realize zero discharge of sewage, can effectively reduce more than 20% of salt content in the water body by cultivating the Penaeus vannamei Boone, and provides sufficient nutrients for the green planting areas of the saline-alkali beach; the salt-removing technology of the concealed conduit is utilized to circularly drip and wash the saline-alkali water into the cultivable land. The waste water after shrimp culture contains a large amount of organic waste, and then is back-poured into the saline-alkali soil, the organic waste is left in the field for the growth of crops through the penetration of soil, and the clear water filtered out from the soil returns to the reservoir and the shrimp culture pond again, so that the cyclic utilization of water resources is formed. The system finally realizes planting and breeding wastewater zero discharge, and the science and technology environmental protection significance is significant.
(3) The mixed haydite in the planting soil layer can increase the water permeability of saline-alkali beach soil, has certain water retention and fertilizer conservation effects, and simultaneously, the reed hidden pipe increases the air permeability of the saline-alkali beach soil by one step, so that the root system of crops grows better, and the survival rate of the crops is improved.
(4) The reed concealed conduit is used for salt discharge, the cost is low, the effect is better, the problem of concealed conduit aging does not exist, and a new process is provided for comprehensive treatment of the saline-alkali beach.
(5) The immunopotentiator composed of the trollius chinensis bunge extract, the houttuynia cordata extract, the trehalose and the like can effectively control the occurrence of diseases, improve the capture amount, improve the survival rate and the yield of the penaeus vannamei boone, and meanwhile, the penaeus vannamei boone is used for desalting, so that the total salinity of water can be reduced to 0.16-0.24%, the requirement on crop growth (lower than 0.5%) is met, the requirement on farmland irrigation is met, and the cost on the farmland irrigation is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic longitudinal structure at a in fig. 1 according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic longitudinal structure at B in fig. 1 according to the present invention.
The water-saving cultivation system comprises a cultivation area 1, a cultivation area 2, a first valve 3, a water diversion canal 4, a drainage valve 5, a water-resisting ditch 6, a planting area 6-1, a planting soil layer 6-2, a concealed pipe drainage layer 7, a pump station 8, a low-level reservoir 9 and a gate.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and capabilities of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification by describing embodiments of the present invention with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Before the present embodiments are further described, it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described below; it is also to be understood that the terminology used in the examples is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The trollius chinensis bunge extract is purchased from Kuntan Jia leaf source biotechnology limited, and the houttuynia cordata extract is purchased from Shaanxi Hui Nentada biotechnology limited.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the invention provides a saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system, which comprises a culture area 1, a water diversion canal 3, a water isolation ditch 5, a planting area 6 and a low-level reservoir 8; the low level cistern 8 is connected with the inlet canal 3 through pump station 7, the inlet canal 3 is connected with the breed district 6 through first valve 2, breed district 6 through drain valve 4 with it connects to separate the ditch 5, separate the ditch 5 with it connects to plant the district 6, plant the district 6 through gate 9 with low level cistern 8 is connected.
And the low-level reservoir 8 is connected with the culture area 6 through a pump station 7.
The planting area 6 comprises a planting soil layer 6-1, a hidden pipe drainage layer 6-2 is arranged at the bottom of the planting soil layer 6-1, and the hidden pipe drainage layer 6-2 is connected with the water-isolating ditch 5;
ceramsite is mixed in the planting soil layer 6-1; the weight of the ceramsite is 0.1-0.5% of the weight of the soil in the planting soil layer.
The pipe diameter of the concealed pipe drainage layer 6-2 is 30-80cm, the spacing between the concealed pipes is 15-20m, and the concealed pipes are distributed in a grid shape.
The concealed pipe is a reed hoop salt discharge pipe, and hollow reeds are wrapped on the outer wall of the gravel pasting filter pipe, so that laying of a sand cushion layer at the bottom of a drainage layer of the concealed pipe is avoided, and blockage of the gravel pasting filter pipe is effectively prevented. Meanwhile, the reed concealed conduit increases the air permeability of the saline-alkali beach soil and improves the survival rate of the crops in the planting area. The reed can be used as organic fiber to return to the field after being decayed for 6-8 years, and the soil hardening problem is further solved.
And PVC pipes are arranged at the intersections of the concealed pipes, and the height of each PVC pipe is 5-12cm higher than the planting soil layer.
The penaeus vannamei boone is cultured in the culture area, and the stocking density of the penaeus vannamei boone is 2-4 ten thousand tails/mu; the daily feeding amount is 2-3% of the weight of the shrimps, and preferably, the stocking density is 3 ten thousand tails per mu; the daily feeding amount is 2.5 percent of the weight of the shrimps.
Preferably, the bait for feeding comprises 20-60g/kg of immunopotentiator.
Preferably, the immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of trollius chinensis bunge extract, 20-25 parts of houttuynia cordata extract, 5-12 parts of trehalose and 50-100 parts of zeolite powder.
Preferably, the preparation method of the immunopotentiator comprises the following steps: dissolving the globeflower extract, the houttuynia cordata extract and the trehalose in water according to the formula ratio, adding zeolite powder into the dissolved solution, drying and crushing to obtain the immunopotentiator.
The invention also provides a process method of the saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) discharging water in a low-level reservoir 8 into the culture area 1 by using a pump station 7, enabling the water to automatically flow into a water-isolating ditch 5, opening a water discharge valve 4 when the highest water level in the water-isolating ditch 5 is higher than the minimum elevation of a hidden pipe, enabling the water to automatically flow into a planting area 6 through the hidden pipe, and enabling the redundant water to flow into the low-level reservoir 8 to enable a planting soil layer 6-1 to be completely soaked for 7-10 days;
(2) opening a gate 9 to enable the saline-washing water in the planting area 6 to automatically flow into a low-level reservoir 8; the salt washing water in the low-level reservoir 8 enters the aqueduct 3 through the pump station 7;
(3) the saline-alkali washing water in the water channel 3 automatically flows into the culture area 1, and the salt content in the saline-alkali water is removed by utilizing the requirement of penaeus vannamei on salt content in the growth process;
(4) the penaeus vannamei farming water automatically flows into the water isolation ditch 5, when the highest water level in the water isolation ditch 5 is higher than the minimum elevation of the concealed pipe, the drainage valve 4 is opened, the penaeus vannamei farming water automatically flows into the planting area 6 through the concealed pipe, and the redundant water flows into the low-level reservoir 8, so that the 6-1 layer of planting soil is completely soaked for 4-5 hours;
(5) opening a gate 9 to enable the saline-washing water in the planting area 6 to automatically flow into a low-level reservoir 8; the salt washing water in the low-level reservoir 8 enters the aqueduct 3 through the pump station 7;
(6) and (5) circulating the steps (3) to (5) to realize zero discharge of the seed and nutrient wastewater.
Example 1
A saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system comprises a culture area 1, a water diversion canal 3, a water isolation ditch 5, a planting area 6 and a low-level reservoir 8; the low level cistern 8 is connected with the inlet canal 3 through pump station 7, the inlet canal 3 is connected with the breed district 6 through first valve 2, breed district 6 through drain valve 4 with it connects to separate the ditch 5, separate the ditch 5 with it connects to plant the district 6, plant the district 6 through gate 9 with low level cistern 8 is connected.
And the low-level reservoir 8 is connected with the culture area 6 through a pump station 7.
The planting area 6 comprises a planting soil layer 6-1, a concealed pipe drainage layer 6-2 is arranged at the bottom of the planting soil layer 6-1, and the concealed pipe drainage layer 6-2 is connected with the water-insulation ditch 5;
ceramsite is mixed in the planting soil layer 6-1; the weight of the ceramsite is 0.3 percent of the weight of the soil in the planting soil layer.
The pipe diameter of the concealed pipe drainage layer 6-2 is 50cm, the spacing between the concealed pipes is 18m, and the concealed pipes are distributed in a grid shape.
The concealed pipe is a reed hoop salt discharge pipe, and hollow reeds are wrapped on the outer wall of the gravel pasting filter pipe, so that laying of a sand cushion layer at the bottom of a concealed pipe drainage layer is avoided, and blockage of the gravel pasting filter pipe is effectively prevented. Meanwhile, the reed concealed conduit increases the air permeability of the saline-alkali beach soil and improves the survival rate of the crops in the planting area. The reed can be used as organic fiber to return to the field after being decayed for 6-8 years, and the problem of land hardening is further solved.
The crossing of concealed conduit sets up the PVC pipe, the PVC pipe is higher than planting soil layer 10 cm.
The penaeus vannamei boone is cultured in the culture area, and the stocking density of the penaeus vannamei boone is 3 ten thousand tails/mu; the daily feeding amount is 2.5 percent of the weight of the shrimps; the bait for feeding comprises 40g/kg of immunopotentiator.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of trollius chinensis bunge extract, 22 parts of houttuynia cordata extract, 8 parts of trehalose and 70 parts of zeolite powder, wherein the preparation method of the immunopotentiator comprises the following steps: dissolving the trollius chinensis bunge extract, the houttuynia cordata extract and the trehalose in water according to the formula, adding zeolite powder into the dissolved solution, drying, crushing until the particle size is 60 meshes, and thus obtaining the immunopotentiator.
The process method of the saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system comprises the following steps:
(1) discharging water in a low-level reservoir 8 into the culture area 1 by using a pump station 7, enabling the water to automatically flow into a water-isolating ditch 5, opening a water discharge valve 4 when the highest water level in the water-isolating ditch 5 is higher than the minimum elevation of a hidden pipe, enabling the water to automatically flow into a planting area 6 through the hidden pipe, and enabling the redundant water to flow into the low-level reservoir 8 to enable a planting soil layer 6-1 to be completely soaked for 7-10 days;
(2) opening a gate 9 to enable the saline-washing water in the planting area 6 to automatically flow into a low-level reservoir 8; the salt washing water in the low-level reservoir 8 enters the aqueduct 3 through the pump station 7;
(3) the saline-alkali washing water in the water channel 3 automatically flows into the culture area 1, and the salt content in the saline-alkali water is removed by utilizing the requirement of penaeus vannamei on salt content in the growth process;
(4) the penaeus vannamei farming water automatically flows into the water isolation ditch 5, when the highest water level in the water isolation ditch 5 is higher than the minimum elevation of the concealed pipe, the drainage valve 4 is opened, the penaeus vannamei farming water automatically flows into the planting area 6 through the concealed pipe, and the redundant water flows into the low-level reservoir 8, so that the 6-1 layer of planting soil is completely soaked for 4-5 hours;
(5) opening a gate 9 to enable the saline-washing water in the planting area 6 to automatically flow into a low-level reservoir 8; the salt washing water in the low-level reservoir 8 enters the aqueduct 3 through the pump station 7;
(6) and (5) circulating the steps (3) to (5) to realize zero discharge of the seed and nutrient wastewater.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 in that:
ceramsite is mixed in the planting soil layer 6-1; the weight of the ceramsite is 0.1 percent of the weight of the soil in the planting soil layer.
The pipe diameter of the concealed pipe drainage layer 6-2 is 80cm, the spacing between the concealed pipes is 15m, and the concealed pipes are distributed in a grid shape.
The crossing of concealed conduit sets up the PVC pipe, the PVC pipe is higher than planting soil layer 12 cm.
The stocking density of the penaeus vannamei boone is 2.5 ten thousand tails per mu; the daily feeding amount is 2.5 percent of the weight of the shrimps; the bait for feeding comprises 30g/kg of immunopotentiator.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of trollius chinensis bunge extract, 25 parts of houttuynia cordata extract, 5 parts of trehalose and 50 parts of zeolite powder.
Example 3
This example differs from example 1 in that:
ceramsite is mixed in the planting soil layer 6-1; the weight of the ceramsite is 0.5 percent of the weight of the soil in the planting soil layer.
The pipe diameter of the concealed pipe drainage layer 6-2 is 30cm, the spacing between the concealed pipes is 15m, and the concealed pipes are distributed in a grid shape.
The crossing of concealed conduit sets up the PVC pipe, the PVC pipe is higher than planting soil layer 5 cm.
The stocking density of the penaeus vannamei boone is 2.5 ten thousand pieces/mu; the daily feeding amount is 2.5 percent of the weight of the shrimps; the bait for feeding comprises 50g/kg of immunopotentiator.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of trollius chinensis bunge extract, 20 parts of houttuynia cordata extract, 12 parts of trehalose and 100 parts of zeolite powder.
According to the saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system and method, water resource loss caused by ground evaporation and surface transmission loss can be reduced through underground pipe gravity irrigation compared with traditional large water flood irrigation. When encountering a flood disaster, the groundwater level rises, is unfavorable for the crop to grow, opens the gate of intercommunication water proof ditch and low level cistern this moment, reduces water proof ditch highest water level to the hidden pipe below the minimum elevation, and the reed hidden pipe acts as drainage pipe this moment, and the water proof ditch changes into the drainage canal, collects unnecessary water to the low level cistern, effectively reduces the loss that groundwater level reduction flood disaster caused. The residual water quantity after irrigation by utilizing the water in the saline-alkali beach green culture area can not meet the culture requirement of the penaeus vannamei boone and can be supplemented by the low-level reservoir.
The system utilizes a three-stage icing irrigation technology to realize improvement of the saline-alkali soil, when the daily average temperature is lower than 0 ℃, the upper water body of a saline-alkali beach green culture area is frozen, a drainage gate is opened to irrigate the lower unfrozen water body to a saline-alkali beach green planting area, the surplus water amount meeting the irrigation requirement is discharged into a low-position reservoir, when the daily average temperature is lower than-5 ℃, the water of the farmland is frozen to form an ice layer covering the soil surface, the ice causes the salt in the water body to be downwards gathered, the salt content of the upper layer of the ice body is extremely low, when the ice layer is ablated in spring, the water with high salt content is firstly ablated and infiltrated, and the upper layer of the ice layer with low salt content is ablated, so the effect is equivalent to fresh water irrigation, but the icing irrigation water used by the invention is brackish water, a large amount of fresh water resources are saved, the frozen irrigation in winter can greatly influence the temperature change of the soil, and the upward movement of the salt of deep soil caused by the temperature change is slowed down, the gathering of top soil salinity has greatly been reduced, realizes improving the purpose in saline and alkaline land, treats that the spring ice sheet melts, can irrigate the fresh water in the saline and alkaline land green planting district in the farmland, improves soil moisture content when realizing the secondary drip washing, for crop seedling stage growth provides suitable environment, and high salinity salt water in the low-order cistern can recharge saline and alkaline land green breed district and carry out south america white shrimp and breed simultaneously.
In order to further compare the advantageous effects achieved by the present invention, the following description is given in detail in connection with comparative examples.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that:
ceramsite is mixed in the planting soil layer 6-1; the weight of the ceramsite is 0.8% of the weight of the soil in the planting soil layer.
The pipe diameter of the concealed pipes of the concealed pipe drainage layer 6-2 is 50cm, the spacing between the concealed pipes is 18m, and the concealed pipes are distributed in a grid shape.
The crossing of concealed conduit sets up the PVC pipe, the PVC pipe is higher than planting soil layer 10 cm.
The stocking density of the penaeus vannamei boone is 3 ten thousand per mu; the daily feeding amount is 2.5 percent of the weight of the shrimps; the bait for feeding comprises 40g/kg of immunopotentiator.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 24 parts of trollius chinensis bunge extract, 18 parts of houttuynia cordata extract, 8 parts of trehalose and 70 parts of zeolite powder.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that:
the stocking density of the penaeus vannamei boone is 3 ten thousand per mu; the daily feeding amount is 2.5 percent of the weight of the shrimps; the bait for feeding comprises 40g/kg of immunopotentiator.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 12 parts of trollius chinensis bunge extract, 32 parts of houttuynia cordata extract, 8 parts of trehalose and 70 parts of zeolite powder.
After the system was operated for 3 years, the operation states thereof were compared, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
From the above, the penaeus vannamei with the micro-alkali circulation in the saline-alkali soil can exceed the industrial culture of the penaeus vannamei with fresh water (10 jin/m)3Water body) and has remarkable shrimp culture benefit. Comparative example 1 since the amount of ceramsite in the soil of the planting area was changed, the support of the concealed pipe was deteriorated although the air permeability of the soil was improved, the ground was likely to collapse due to the system operation period, and cracks were generated on a part of the ground.
Meanwhile, the comparative examples 1 and 2 show that when the proportion of the traditional Chinese medicine components in the immunopotentiator is changed, the survival rate and the yield of the penaeus vannamei boone are both influenced.
It should be emphasized that the embodiments described herein are illustrative and not restrictive, and thus the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the embodiments described in the detailed description, as well as other embodiments that can be derived by one skilled in the art from the teachings herein.
Claims (10)
1. A saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system is characterized by comprising a culture area, a water diversion canal, a water isolation ditch, a planting area and a low-level reservoir; the low-level reservoir is connected with a water diversion canal through a water lift pump, the water diversion canal is connected with a culture area through a valve, the culture area is connected with the water-proof ditch through a drainage valve, the water-proof ditch is respectively connected with the planting area and the low-level reservoir, and the planting area is connected with the low-level reservoir through a gate;
the planting area is including planting the soil horizon, plant soil horizon bottom and establish the hidden pipe drainage blanket, the hidden pipe drainage blanket with the water proof ditch is connected.
2. The saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system according to claim 1, wherein ceramsite is mixed in the planting soil layer.
3. The saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system according to claim 1, wherein the concealed pipes of the concealed pipe drainage layer have a pipe diameter of 30-80cm and a concealed pipe spacing of 15-20m and are distributed in a grid pattern.
4. The saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system according to claim 1, wherein the concealed conduit is a salt discharge pipe with a reed hoop.
5. The saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system according to claim 4, wherein a PVC pipe is arranged at the intersection of the concealed pipes, and the PVC pipe is 5-12cm higher than the planting soil layer.
6. The saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system according to claim 1, wherein the penaeus vannamei boone is cultivated in the cultivation area.
7. The saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system according to claim 6, wherein the stocking density of the penaeus vannamei boone is 2-4 ten thousand tails/mu, and the daily feeding amount of the penaeus vannamei boone is 2-3% of the weight of the penaeus vannamei boone.
8. The saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system according to claim 6, wherein the bait for feeding comprises 20 to 60g/kg of an immunopotentiator.
9. The saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system according to claim 8, wherein the immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of trollius chinensis bunge extract, 20-25 parts of houttuynia cordata extract, 5-12 parts of trehalose and 50-100 parts of zeolite powder.
10. The process method of the saline-alkali soil brackish water recycling system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
(1) discharging water in the low-level reservoir into a culture area by using a pump station, enabling the water to automatically flow into a water-isolating ditch, opening a water discharge valve when the highest water level in the water-isolating ditch is larger than the minimum elevation of a concealed pipe, enabling the water to automatically flow into a planting area through the concealed pipe, and enabling the redundant water to flow into the low-level reservoir to enable a planting soil layer to be completely soaked for 7-10 days;
(2) opening a gate to enable the saline-washing water in the planting area to automatically flow into a low-level reservoir; the salt washing water in the low-level reservoir enters the aqueduct through the pump station;
(3) the saline-alkali water in the water diversion channel automatically flows into a culture area, and the salt content in the saline-alkali water is removed by utilizing the requirement on salt content in the growth process of the penaeus vannamei boone;
(4) the method comprises the following steps that the litopenaeus vannamei culture water automatically flows into a water isolation ditch, when the highest water level in the water isolation ditch is larger than the minimum elevation of a concealed pipe, a drainage valve is opened, the litopenaeus vannamei culture water automatically flows into a planting area through the concealed pipe, and redundant water flows into a low-level reservoir to enable a planting soil layer to be completely soaked for 4-5 hours;
(5) opening a gate to enable the saline water in the planting area to automatically flow into a low-level reservoir through a concealed pipe; the salt washing water in the low-level reservoir enters the aqueduct through the pump station;
(6) and (5) circulating the steps (3) to (5) to realize zero discharge of the seed and nutrient wastewater.
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