CN114614259A - Shaping control method, device, equipment and storage medium for luneberg lens antenna - Google Patents
Shaping control method, device, equipment and storage medium for luneberg lens antenna Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a shaping control method, a shaping control device, shaping control equipment and a storage medium for a luneberg lens antenna, wherein coverage area information is acquired and used for indicating the position relation between a target coverage area of the luneberg lens antenna and the luneberg lens antenna; determining a shaping parameter of the luneberg lens antenna according to the coverage area information, wherein the shaping parameter is used for controlling the oscillator unit to respectively transmit narrow beams with different powers to a plurality of positions of a target coverage area to form a wide beam covering the target coverage area; according to the forming parameters, the luneberg lens antenna is subjected to beam forming, so that the wide beam has uniform signal strength at different positions of a target coverage area.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of mobile communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium for controlling a shape of a luneberg lens antenna.
Background
With the development of the fifth Generation mobile communication technology (5G), the 5G technology is gradually realizing comprehensive commercialization, and the 5G technology can greatly improve the rate and bandwidth of wireless communication, reduce data transmission delay, and provide faster and better mobile communication service for enterprises and individuals. In the prior art, a 5G base station wireless signal is transmitted and received by a patch antenna.
However, the working frequency of the 5G wireless signal is higher, the signal propagation space loss is larger, so that the coverage range of the 5G wireless signal is small, especially in a linear coverage scene of a traffic route such as a high-speed rail, a motor train, a high speed and the like, the gain of a far-end signal is small, the gain of a near-end signal is large, and the signal coverage is uneven, at present, the coverage effect of the 5G wireless signal is usually ensured by adopting the number of encryption base stations, but meanwhile, the problems of low coverage efficiency of the 5G wireless signal and high network construction cost are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a shaping control method, a shaping control device, shaping control equipment and a shaping control storage medium for a luneberg lens antenna, and aims to solve the problems of uneven signal coverage and low coverage efficiency.
According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a luneberg lens antenna shaping control method applied to a luneberg lens antenna including a plurality of element units, the method including: acquiring coverage area information, wherein the coverage area information is used for indicating the position relation between a target coverage area of the luneberg lens antenna and the luneberg lens antenna; determining a shaping parameter of the luneberg lens antenna according to the coverage area information, wherein the shaping parameter is used for controlling the oscillator unit to respectively transmit narrow beams with different powers to a plurality of positions of the target coverage area to form a wide beam covering the target coverage area; and carrying out beam forming on the luneberg lens antenna according to the forming parameters so as to enable the wide beam to have uniform signal strength at different positions of the target coverage area.
In a possible implementation manner, the determining the shaping parameter of the luneberg lens antenna according to the coverage area information includes: determining distance information according to the coverage area information, wherein the distance information is used for representing the transmitting distance between the luneberg lens antenna and a plurality of positions in the target coverage area; and determining the transmitting power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the distance information, wherein the transmitting power of the oscillator units is in direct proportion to the transmitting distance.
In a possible implementation manner, determining, according to the distance information, transmission powers of oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area includes: acquiring preset signal intensity; and determining the transmitting power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal intensity and the distance information.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes: determining attenuation information according to the coverage area information, wherein the attenuation information is used for representing signal attenuation caused by obstructions existing between the luneberg lens antenna and a plurality of positions in the target coverage area; determining a power correction value according to the attenuation information; determining the transmitting power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the distance information, wherein the determining comprises the following steps: and determining the transmitting power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the distance information and the power correction value.
In one possible implementation, the attenuation information includes a signal attenuation rate; if the signal attenuation rate is smaller than or equal to a first preset threshold value, the power correction value corresponding to the attenuation information is used for increasing the transmitting power; and if the signal attenuation rate is greater than a first preset threshold value, the power correction value corresponding to the attenuation information is used for reducing the transmitting power.
In a possible implementation manner, the luneberg lens antenna includes two luneberg lenses vertically arranged, the two luneberg lenses are correspondingly provided with a plurality of element units in a vertical direction, and the determining, according to the preset signal strength and the distance information, the transmission powers of the element units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area includes: determining total transmitting power corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal strength and the distance information; and determining the respective transmitting power of the two oscillator units of the two luneberg lenses at the corresponding positions according to a preset weight coefficient and the total transmitting power.
In a possible implementation manner, the luneberg lens antenna includes two luneberg lenses horizontally disposed, where the two luneberg lenses are disposed with a plurality of element units along a same horizontal direction, and determines, according to the preset signal strength and the distance information, transmission powers of element units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area, including: determining total transmitting power corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal strength and the distance information; and determining the respective transmitting power of the oscillator units of the two luneberg lenses at each position according to a preset weight coefficient and the total transmitting power.
In a possible implementation manner, the shaping parameters include shaping angle information, where the shaping angle information is used to characterize an incident angle of the element unit when a narrow beam emitted by the element unit through a luneberg lens reaches different positions within the target coverage area, and the shaping parameters of the luneberg lens antenna are determined according to the coverage area information, including: determining different positions of the target coverage area and the azimuth angle of the luneberg lens antenna according to the coverage area information; and determining the forming angle information of the vibrator unit according to the azimuth angle.
In one possible implementation, the forming angle information includes a horizontal forming angle, and/or a vertical forming angle.
In one possible implementation, the method further includes: acquiring preset target height information, wherein the target height information is used for representing signal coverage heights required at different positions of the target coverage area; and determining the vertical forming angle according to the target height information and the azimuth angle.
In a possible implementation manner, the shaping parameter further includes a transmission phase of the element unit, and the beam shaping is performed on the luneberg lens antenna according to the shaping parameter, including: and adjusting the transmitting phases of the plurality of oscillator units to be the same.
According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a luneberg lens antenna shaping control apparatus including:
an obtaining module, configured to obtain coverage area information, where the coverage area information is used to indicate a positional relationship between a target coverage area of the luneberg lens antenna and the luneberg lens antenna;
a determining module, configured to determine, according to the coverage area information, a shaping parameter of the luneberg lens antenna, where the shaping parameter is used to control the oscillator unit to transmit narrow beams with different powers to multiple positions of the target coverage area, respectively, so as to form a wide beam covering the target coverage area;
and the control module is used for carrying out beam forming on the Luneberg lens antenna according to the forming parameters so as to enable the wide beam to have uniform signal intensity at different positions of the target coverage area.
In a possible implementation manner, the shaping parameter includes a transmission power of the oscillator unit, and the determining module is specifically configured to: determining distance information according to the coverage area information, wherein the distance information is used for representing the transmitting distance between the luneberg lens antenna and a plurality of positions in the target coverage area; and determining the transmitting power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the distance information, wherein the transmitting power of the oscillator units is in direct proportion to the transmitting distance.
In a possible implementation manner, when determining, according to the distance information, the transmission powers of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area, the determining module is specifically configured to: acquiring preset signal intensity; and determining the transmitting power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal intensity and the distance information.
In one possible implementation, the determining module is further configured to: determining attenuation information according to the coverage area information, wherein the attenuation information is used for representing signal attenuation caused by obstructions existing between the luneberg lens antenna and a plurality of positions in the target coverage area; determining a power correction value according to the attenuation information; the determining module, when determining the transmission power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the distance information, is specifically configured to: and determining the transmitting power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the distance information and the power correction value.
In one possible implementation, the attenuation information includes a signal attenuation rate; if the signal attenuation rate is smaller than or equal to a first preset threshold value, the power correction value corresponding to the attenuation information is used for increasing the transmitting power; and if the signal attenuation rate is greater than a first preset threshold value, the power correction value corresponding to the attenuation information is used for reducing the transmitting power.
In a possible implementation manner, the luneberg lens antenna includes two luneberg lenses vertically arranged, the two luneberg lenses are correspondingly provided with a plurality of oscillator units in a vertical direction, and the determining module is specifically configured to, when determining the transmission power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal strength and the distance information: determining total transmitting power corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal strength and the distance information; and determining the respective transmitting power of the two oscillator units of the two luneberg lenses at the corresponding positions according to a preset weight coefficient and the total transmitting power.
In a possible implementation manner, the luneberg lens antenna includes two luneberg lenses horizontally disposed, the two luneberg lenses are provided with a plurality of element units along a same horizontal direction, and the determining module is specifically configured to, when determining the transmission power of the element units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal strength and the distance information: determining total transmitting power corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal strength and the distance information; and determining the respective transmitting power of the oscillator units of the two luneberg lenses at each position according to a preset weight coefficient and the total transmitting power.
In a possible implementation manner, the shaping parameters include shaping angle information, where the shaping angle information is used to characterize an incident angle of the element unit when a narrow beam emitted by the element unit through a luneberg lens reaches different positions within the target coverage area, and the determining module, when determining the shaping parameters of the luneberg lens antenna according to the coverage area information, is specifically configured to: determining different positions of the target coverage area and the azimuth angle of the luneberg lens antenna according to the coverage area information; and determining the forming angle information of the vibrator unit according to the azimuth angle.
In one possible implementation, the forming angle information includes a horizontal forming angle, and/or a vertical forming angle.
In one possible implementation, the determining module is further configured to: acquiring preset target height information, wherein the target height information is used for representing signal coverage heights required at different positions of the target coverage area; and determining the vertical forming angle according to the target height information and the azimuth angle.
In a possible implementation manner, the shaping parameter further includes a transmission phase of the element unit, and the determining module is specifically configured to, when performing beamforming on the luneberg lens antenna according to the shaping parameter: and adjusting the transmitting phases of the plurality of oscillator units to be the same.
According to a third aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program;
wherein the computer program is stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor to perform the luneberg lens antenna shape-imparting control method according to any one of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application.
According to a fourth aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a luneberg lens antenna, comprising a plurality of element units and a controller, wherein the element units are configured to transmit a beam; the controller is configured to execute the luneberg lens antenna shaping control method according to any one of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application.
According to a fifth aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein computer-executable instructions for implementing the luneberg lens antenna shaping control method according to any one of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor.
According to the shaping control method for the luneberg lens antenna, coverage area information is acquired, and the coverage area information is used for indicating the position relation between a target coverage area of the luneberg lens antenna and the luneberg lens antenna; determining a shaping parameter of the luneberg lens antenna according to the coverage area information, wherein the shaping parameter is used for controlling the oscillator unit to respectively transmit narrow beams with different powers to a plurality of positions of the target coverage area to form a wide beam covering the target coverage area; according to the forming parameters, the luneberg lens antenna is subjected to beam forming, so that the wide beam has uniform signal strength at different positions of the target coverage area, and the beam forming is performed according to the forming parameters corresponding to the target coverage area, so that the antenna can emit beams with different powers to different positions in the target coverage area, and therefore, the uniform signal strength in different areas in the signal coverage area is realized, the problem of non-uniform signal coverage is solved, the signal coverage efficiency is improved, the number of base stations can be reduced, and the comprehensive cost of network construction is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Fig. 1 is an application scenario diagram of a method for controlling shaping of a luneberg lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a luneberg lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for controlling shaping of a luneberg lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a transducer unit transmitting a narrow beam to a target coverage area according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for controlling shaping of a luneberg lens antenna according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a process for determining coverage area information according to an embodiment of the present application
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a signal coverage scenario provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another luneberg lens antenna provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary luneberg lens antenna shaping control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
With the above figures, there are shown specific embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and written description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concepts in any manner, but rather to illustrate the inventive concepts to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.
The following explains an application scenario of the embodiment of the present application:
fig. 1 is an application scenario diagram of a luneberg lens antenna shaping control method according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, the luneberg lens antenna according to the embodiment of the present application is installed as a base station antenna on a 5G base station, and the 5G base station is disposed near a high-speed rail and is used for providing 5G wireless signal coverage for the high-speed rail.
In the prior art, a plate antenna is a common antenna form in a communication network, and a plurality of antenna elements are adopted to amplify signals. The directional diagram of the plate-shaped antenna in the horizontal direction is of a sector symmetrical structure, and the gain is larger within a horizontal angle of +/-60 degrees; outside the direction of +/-60 degrees, the antenna gain is reduced by 10dB, the gain is lower, taking a linear coverage scene as an example, the maximum gain of the service beam of the 8TR antenna is in the direction of 0 degree right ahead, and reaches 21 dBi; however, as the beam shifts, the gain decreases rapidly, decreasing to 16-18dBi at the edge of coverage, the above-mentioned drawbacks of conventional patch antennas result in degradation of 5G signal quality at the edge of the sector coverage area.
Meanwhile, the horizontal beam width of the plate-shaped antenna is 65 degrees, so that no coverage exists in a region from 65 degrees to 90 degrees, and a signal blind spot phenomenon exists. The 5G network frequency is in a Sub6GHz frequency band, mainly a 3.5GHz frequency band and a 2.6GHz frequency band, and the wireless signal coverage capability is greatly reduced compared with the 1.8GHz frequency band and the 2.1GHz frequency band adopted by the existing 2/3/4G. The high-frequency characteristic of the 5G network causes the signal path loss to be serious, the coverage range of a single antenna of the plate-shaped antenna is small, the design is carried out according to the uplink rate of a 5G user of 200Mbps (theoretical value), the coverage radius of a 5G base station under a 3.5GHz frequency band is only 250 meters, and the base station density can meet the continuous coverage requirement only by increasing 3-4 times of the existing number. Taking a high-speed rail coverage scene as an example, because high-speed movement and carriage penetration loss are large, under the condition of a station distance of 500 meters, the user rate of a 5G network in a 3.5GHz frequency band can only reach 1-2 Mbps uplink and 50Mbps downlink, the use experience of the user using the 5G network can be seriously influenced, and the 5G base station is further encrypted, so that the construction cost of the base station is greatly increased, and huge economic pressure is brought to an operator.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a luneberg lens antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the luneberg lens antenna provided in this embodiment includes:
the dielectric constant of the dielectric sphere is gradually changed from 2 to 1 from inside to outside, and the dielectric sphere is a dielectric sphere, a dielectric cylinder or other geometric shapes. The plurality of oscillator units are arranged on one side of the receiving end of the Luneberg lens, base station information sources with different powers are fed into the oscillator units through the distributor, so that the oscillator units emit narrow beams with different powers to a target coverage area through the Luneberg lens to form a wide beam covering the target coverage area. Illustratively, the transducer element emits a signal from the receiving end of the luneberg lens, and after refraction inside the luneberg lens, the signal is converged to form a narrow beam, and the narrow beam is emitted from the emitting end of the luneberg lens, it should be noted that the narrow-band beam has a corresponding radiation angle, the magnitude of the radiation angle is related to the radius of the luneberg lens and the length of the transducer element, and the larger the length of the transducer element is, the smaller the radius of the luneberg lens is, the larger the radiation angle of the correspondingly formed narrow beam is, i.e. the larger the beam width of the narrow beam is.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for controlling shape of a luneberg lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, which may be applied to the luneberg lens antenna shown in fig. 2, as shown in fig. 3, the method for controlling shape of a luneberg lens antenna according to the embodiment includes the following steps:
step S101, coverage area information is obtained, and the coverage area information is used for indicating the position relation between the target coverage area of the Luneberg lens antenna and the Luneberg lens antenna.
Illustratively, after a wide beam formed by a plurality of narrow beams is transmitted to a target area, a corresponding signal coverage area is formed, that is, the target coverage area, which may be set as required, for example, when signal coverage is required for a railway through which a train passes, the target coverage area is a banded area through which the railway passes.
Further, the coverage area information is parameter information for indicating a positional relationship between a target coverage area of the luneberg lens antenna and the luneberg lens antenna, and specifically, the coverage area information is, for example, position coordinates of the target coverage area, a distance, an orientation, and the like of the target coverage area from the luneberg lens antenna. The coverage area information may be configuration information preset in a controller of the luneberg lens antenna; or the configuration information is the configuration information which is configured into the controller of the luneberg lens antenna by the user through the terminal device which is in communication connection with the luneberg lens antenna, or the configuration information is the configuration information which is issued into the controller of the luneberg lens antenna by the server which is in communication connection with the luneberg lens antenna; the environment information may be collected by the luneberg lens antenna and then processed to determine the environment information, which is not specifically limited herein.
And S102, determining a shaping parameter of the luneberg lens antenna according to the coverage area information, wherein the shaping parameter is used for controlling the oscillator unit to respectively emit narrow beams with different powers to a plurality of positions of a target coverage area to form a wide beam covering the target coverage area.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a dipole unit transmitting a narrow beam to a target coverage area according to an embodiment of the present application, where an exemplary target coverage area indicated by coverage area information includes a plurality of location areas, as shown in fig. 4, including a location area a, a location area b, and a location area c, and according to a location relationship between the location area a, the location area b, and the location area c and a luneberg lens antenna, shape-forming parameters of the luneberg lens antenna, such as transmission power and an incident angle of different dipole units, may be determined. After the luneberg lens antenna is shaped by the shaping parameters, the narrow beam emitted by the oscillator unit a with the first power covers the position area a, the narrow beam emitted by the oscillator unit B with the second power covers the position area B, and the narrow beam emitted by the oscillator unit C with the third power covers the position area C.
And step S103, carrying out beam forming on the Luneberg lens antenna according to the forming parameters so as to enable the wide beam to have uniform signal intensity at different positions of the target coverage area.
Exemplarily, after the luneberg lens antenna is shaped by a beam according to the shaping parameter, each oscillator unit moves according to the shaping parameter, adjusts an incident angle of each oscillator unit to the luneberg lens, and emits a narrow beam with a transmission power corresponding to different positions in a target coverage area, and after the narrow beam emitted by each oscillator unit is emitted to the outside, the narrow beam gradually attenuates with increasing distance, and exemplarily, the closer to the luneberg lens antenna, the smaller the corresponding transmission power; the farther away from the luneberg lens antenna, the higher the corresponding transmission power, thereby accommodating the problem of non-uniform signal coverage at different locations within the target coverage area due to signal attenuation.
The following describes the technical solutions of the present application and how to solve the above technical problems with specific embodiments. The following several specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and details of the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. Embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In this embodiment, coverage area information is obtained, where the coverage area information is used to indicate a positional relationship between a target coverage area of a luneberg lens antenna and the luneberg lens antenna; determining a shaping parameter of the luneberg lens antenna according to the coverage area information, wherein the shaping parameter is used for controlling the oscillator unit to respectively transmit narrow beams with different powers to a plurality of positions of a target coverage area to form a wide beam covering the target coverage area; according to the forming parameters, the luneberg lens antenna is subjected to beam forming, so that the wide beam has uniform signal strength at different positions of a target coverage area, and the beam forming is performed through the forming parameters corresponding to the target coverage area, so that the antenna can emit beams with different powers to different positions in the target coverage area, and therefore, the uniform signal strength in different areas in the signal coverage area is achieved, the problem of non-uniform signal coverage is solved, the signal coverage efficiency is improved, the number of base stations can be reduced, and the comprehensive cost of network construction is reduced.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a shape of a luneberg lens antenna according to another embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 5, the method for controlling a shape of a luneberg lens antenna according to this embodiment further refines step S101 and step S102 on the basis of the method for controlling a shape of a luneberg lens antenna according to the embodiment shown in fig. 3, and then the method for controlling a shape of a luneberg lens antenna according to this embodiment includes the following steps:
step S201, acquiring the environment information, and determining the coverage area information according to the environment information.
Illustratively, the environment information is used for characterizing an environment position characteristic of a position where the luneberg lens antenna is located, such as a height of the luneberg lens antenna from the ground, a distance of the luneberg lens antenna from a target coverage area, for example, a distance of the luneberg lens antenna from a roof and a bottom of a high-speed train; and whether an obstacle influencing signal coverage exists between the luneberg lens antenna and the target coverage area. Further, the environment information may be obtained through an image acquisition unit disposed on the luneberg lens antenna, or may be obtained through uploading by using other testing equipment in communication with the luneberg lens antenna, or may be directly input by a user, which is not specifically limited herein.
Further, according to the environment information, the specific position relation between the luneberg lens antenna and the target coverage area can be determined. For example, the coordinates corresponding to the luneberg lens antenna and the coordinates corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area are in the same virtual coordinate system.
In the following, a process of acquiring coverage area information is described with a more specific embodiment, and referring to fig. 6, which is a schematic diagram of a process of determining coverage area information provided in the embodiment of the present application, in an application scenario covered by a high-speed rail signal, a luneberg lens antenna is located on one side of a railway and covers the railway for a certain distance. The projection distance of the Luneberg lens antenna on the ground is D from the rail, the height of the carriage is H, and the height difference between the hanging height of the Luneberg lens antenna and the height of the carriage is HTThe effective coverage distance of the luneberg lens antenna is S, A is a far end point of the carriage, and B is a near end point of the carriage; and assume H < HTD and S. The included angle between the beam near the carriage covered by the antenna and the beam far from the carriage covered by the antenna is the horizontal angle theta which needs to be covered by the antenna. The connecting line between the center of the luneberg lens and the vertex of the near carriage is approximately one side of theta, and the connecting line between the center of the luneberg lens and the vertex of the far carriage is approximately the other side of theta. Beta 1 and beta 2 are the vertical angles of the luneberg lens antenna to be covered at the near end point and the far end point of the carriage respectively. Since the starting point of the vehicle cabin is directly in front of the antenna and the traveling direction of the vehicle is perpendicular to the directly forward direction of the antenna radiation, the determination horizontal angle θ is determined according to equation (1):
further, the maximum distance Lp1 of the propagation path of the signal transmitted by the luneberg lens antenna to reach the car, i.e. the OA-range distance, is as shown in equation (2):
the minimum distance Lp2 of the propagation path of the signal transmitted by the luneberg lens antenna to reach the car, i.e. the OB segment distance, is as shown in equation (3):
step S202, according to the coverage area information, determining distance information, wherein the distance information is used for representing the transmission distance between the luneberg lens antenna and a plurality of positions in the target coverage area.
Illustratively, different positions in the target coverage area are different from the distance of the luneberg lens antenna, and in order to make the different positions have the same signal strength, different element units in the luneberg lens antenna are needed, and corresponding transmission power is determined according to the transmission distance between the luneberg lens antenna and the different positions in the target coverage area. For example, the distance information may be a specific numerical value recorded in the coverage area information, or may be a numerical value calculated according to the coordinate of the luneberg lens antenna recorded in the coverage area information and the coordinate of the different position of the target coverage area, which is not specifically limited herein.
Optionally, before or after step S202, the method further includes:
step S202A, determining attenuation information according to the coverage area information, wherein the attenuation information is used for representing signal attenuation caused by obstructions existing between the luneberg lens antenna and a plurality of positions in the target coverage area.
In step S202B, a power correction value is determined based on the attenuation information.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a signal coverage scenario provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, in a process of performing signal coverage on a target coverage area by using a luneberg lens antenna to cover a high-speed rail operating line, a metal shielding substance affecting transmission of electromagnetic waves exists between the luneberg lens antenna and the target coverage area, and the shielding substance may block a narrow beam emitted by a vibrator unit, so as to affect a signal coverage intensity of a corresponding position. Illustratively, the coverage area information includes attenuation information representing signal attenuation caused by an obstruction, for example, the obstruction may cause attenuation of-3 dB, and then a corresponding power correction value is determined according to the preset power correction information, for example, 4dB, that is, the power is increased by 4 dB.
In a possible implementation manner, if the signal attenuation rate is less than or equal to a first preset threshold, which indicates that the signal attenuation degree is not large, the signal coverage strength of the corresponding position of the target coverage area can be adjusted by increasing the transmission power, and then the power correction value is a positive value, that is, the power correction value corresponding to the attenuation information is used to increase the transmission power; in another possible implementation manner, if the signal attenuation rate is greater than the first preset threshold, it indicates that the influence of the obstacle on the signal is too large, and normal signal coverage cannot be achieved only by increasing the transmission power, the power correction value is a negative value, that is, the oscillator unit is turned down or turned off to save electric energy, and signal coverage is performed from other angles through other antennas adjacent to the luneberg lens antenna at corresponding positions in the target coverage area, so as to improve the efficiency of signal coverage.
Step S203, acquiring a preset signal strength.
Illustratively, the preset signal strength is the signal strength that needs to be achieved in the target coverage area, e.g., 21 dBi. The signal strength is preset according to specific needs, and may be different in different application scenarios, which is not described herein.
And step S204, determining the transmitting power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal intensity, the preset distance information and the preset power correction value.
Illustratively, the transmission power of each oscillator unit is determined according to the signal strength, the distance information and the power correction value, which need to be achieved by the target coverage area, so that when the narrow beams transmitted by each oscillator unit are transmitted to the corresponding position of the target coverage area, the signal coverage strength at each position can be uniform. Specifically, the transmission power of the element unit is proportional to the distances from the luneberg lens antenna to different positions of the target coverage area, and attenuation values corresponding to different distances are determined according to a known signal attenuation rule, and the sum of the attenuation value, the power correction value and the signal strength is the transmission power.
Of course, it is understood that steps S202A and S202B in this embodiment are optional steps, and when steps S202A and S202B are not executed, the influence of the power correction value on the transmission power does not need to be considered in step S204, that is, the transmission power of the transducer unit corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area is determined according to the preset signal strength and distance information. The implementation manner is similar to that in step S204, and is not described herein again.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another luneberg lens antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 8, in a possible implementation manner, the luneberg lens antenna includes two luneberg lenses vertically disposed, that is, a first luneberg lens and a second luneberg lens, the two luneberg lenses are correspondingly disposed with a plurality of element units in a vertical direction, in step S204, after determining transmission powers of element units corresponding to different positions in a target coverage area according to preset signal strength, distance information, and a power correction value, the transmission powers are taken as a total transmission power, and according to a preset weight coefficient, respective transmission powers of the two element units corresponding to the two luneberg lenses in the corresponding positions are determined.
In another possible implementation manner, the luneberg lens antenna includes two luneberg lenses horizontally disposed, where the two luneberg lenses are disposed along a same horizontal direction, and exemplarily, the dipole units of the two luneberg lenses are respectively disposed on a same horizontal plane in a fan shape along a contour of the luneberg lens, and determine the transmission power of the dipole units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal strength and the distance information, including: determining total transmitting power corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal strength and the distance information; and determining the respective transmitting power of the oscillator units of the two luneberg lenses at each position according to a preset weight coefficient and the total transmitting power.
In a possible implementation manner, the shaping parameters include shaping angle information, and the shaping angle information is used for characterizing the incident angle of the vibrator unit when the narrow beam emitted by the vibrator unit through the luneberg lens reaches different positions in the target coverage area. After step S204, the method further includes:
step S205, according to the coverage area information, determining different positions of the target coverage area and the azimuth angle of the luneberg lens antenna.
And step S206, determining the forming angle information of the vibrator unit according to the azimuth angle.
Illustratively, referring to fig. 6, the forming angle information includes a horizontal forming angle, which is θ in the figure, and/or a vertical forming angle, which is β 1 and β 2 in the figure.
According to the relative position relation between the luneberg lens antenna represented by the coverage area information and different positions of the target coverage area, a corresponding direction angle can be determined, and the direction angle corresponds to an incident angle when the dipole unit transmits the narrow beam through the luneberg lens. The horizontal direction angle corresponds to a horizontal incidence angle, the horizontal incidence angle is a horizontal forming angle, the horizontal forming angle is an included angle representing different positions of the luneberg lens antenna and a target coverage area in the horizontal direction, the antenna is formed through the horizontal forming angle, each oscillator unit can emit narrow beams to the corresponding horizontal angle, each narrow beam correspondingly covers a position in one target coverage area, and each position in the target coverage area can be covered by signals. The vertical direction angle corresponds to a vertical incidence angle, the vertical incidence angle is a vertical shaping angle, and the vertical shaping angle represents an included angle between the luneberg lens antenna and different positions of a target coverage area in the vertical direction.
In one possible implementation, determining a vertical forming angle includes:
and acquiring preset target height information, wherein the target height information is used for representing signal coverage heights required at different positions of a target coverage area, and determining a vertical forming angle according to the target height information and an azimuth angle.
Specifically, in the luneberg lens antenna shown in fig. 8, the vertical forming angle of the first luneberg lens and the second luneberg lens is determined according to the target height information. For example, the target coverage area may be a three-dimensional spatial area, where the target height information is heights to be covered by signals at different positions for representing different target coverage areas, and the signal coverage heights are different for different positions in different target coverage areas, and the closer to the luneberg lens antenna, the larger the coverage height is; the farther the luneberg lens antenna is, the smaller the coverage height is, the vertical forming angle between the oscillator unit on the first luneberg lens and the corresponding oscillator unit on the second luneberg lens is determined through the target height information, and the narrow beams at the edge of the target coverage area are subjected to aliasing compression, so that the signal energy is concentrated in a smaller longitudinal range, the signal gain is improved, and the signal coverage effect at the edge of the target coverage area is improved.
Step S207 adjusts the transmission phases of the plurality of oscillator units to the same phase.
Illustratively, the transmission phases of the oscillator units are controlled to make the phases of the signals transmitted by the plurality of oscillators consistent, wherein the consistent phases comprise the same phases or integral cycle times different phases of the electromagnetic wave signals transmitted by the plurality of oscillator units. By adjusting the transmitting phase of the oscillator unit, the mutual interference between electromagnetic wave signals with different phases can be avoided, and the quality of wireless signals is not affected.
And S208, carrying out beam forming on the Luneberg lens antenna according to the forming parameters so as to enable the wide beam to have uniform signal intensity at different positions of the target coverage area.
In this embodiment, the implementation manner in step S208 is the same as the implementation manner in step S103 in the embodiment shown in fig. 3 of this application, and is not described again here.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a shape-forming control device for a luneberg lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, which is applied to a luneberg lens antenna, and as shown in fig. 9, the shape-forming control device 3 for a luneberg lens antenna according to the present embodiment includes:
an obtaining module 31, configured to obtain coverage area information, where the coverage area information is used to indicate a position relationship between a target coverage area of a luneberg lens antenna and the luneberg lens antenna;
a determining module 32, configured to determine, according to coverage area information, a shaping parameter of the luneberg lens antenna, where the shaping parameter is used to control the oscillator unit to transmit narrow beams with different powers to multiple positions of a target coverage area, respectively, so as to form a wide beam covering the target coverage area;
and the control module 33 is configured to shape the beam of the luneberg lens antenna according to the shaping parameters, so that the wide beam has uniform signal strength at different positions in the target coverage area.
In a possible implementation manner, the shaping parameter includes a transmission power of the oscillator unit, and the determining module 32 is specifically configured to: determining distance information according to the coverage area information, wherein the distance information is used for representing the transmission distance between the luneberg lens antenna and a plurality of positions in the target coverage area; and determining the transmitting power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the distance information, wherein the transmitting power of the oscillator units is in direct proportion to the transmitting distance.
In a possible implementation manner, when determining the transmission power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the distance information, the determining module 32 is specifically configured to: acquiring preset signal intensity; and determining the transmitting power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal intensity and the distance information.
In one possible implementation, the determining module 32 is further configured to: determining attenuation information according to the coverage area information, wherein the attenuation information is used for representing signal attenuation caused by obstructions existing between the luneberg lens antenna and a plurality of positions in the target coverage area; determining a power correction value according to the attenuation information; the determining module is specifically configured to, when determining the transmission power of the oscillator unit corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the distance information: and determining the transmitting power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the distance information and the power correction value.
In one possible implementation, the attenuation information includes a signal attenuation rate; if the signal attenuation rate is smaller than or equal to a first preset threshold value, a power correction value corresponding to the attenuation information is used for increasing the transmitting power; and if the signal attenuation rate is greater than a first preset threshold value, the power correction value corresponding to the attenuation information is used for reducing the transmission power.
In a possible implementation manner, the luneberg lens antenna includes two luneberg lenses vertically arranged, the two luneberg lenses are correspondingly provided with a plurality of oscillator units in the vertical direction, and the determining module 32 is specifically configured to, when determining the transmission power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal strength and the distance information: determining total transmitting power corresponding to different positions of a target coverage area according to preset signal intensity and distance information; and determining the respective transmitting power of the two oscillator units of the two luneberg lenses at the corresponding positions according to the preset weight coefficient and the total transmitting power.
In a possible implementation manner, the luneberg lens antenna includes two luneberg lenses horizontally disposed, the two luneberg lenses are disposed with a plurality of element units along a same horizontal direction, and the determining module 32 is specifically configured to, when determining the transmission power of the element units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal strength and the distance information: determining total transmitting power corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal strength and the distance information; and determining the respective transmitting power of the oscillator units of the two luneberg lenses at each position according to a preset weight coefficient and the total transmitting power.
In a possible implementation manner, the shaping parameter includes shaping angle information, where the shaping angle information is used to characterize an incident angle of the element unit when the element unit reaches different positions in a target coverage area through a narrow beam emitted by the luneberg lens, and the determining module 32 is specifically configured to, when determining the shaping parameter of the luneberg lens antenna according to the coverage area information: determining different positions of a target coverage area and the azimuth angle of the luneberg lens antenna according to the coverage area information; and determining the forming angle information of the oscillator unit according to the azimuth angle.
In one possible implementation, the forming angle information includes a horizontal forming angle, and/or a vertical forming angle.
In one possible implementation, the determining module 32 is further configured to: acquiring preset target height information, wherein the target height information is used for representing signal coverage heights required at different positions of a target coverage area; and determining a vertical forming angle according to the height information and the azimuth angle of the target.
In a possible implementation manner, the shaping parameter further includes a transmission phase of the element unit, and the determining module 32 is specifically configured to, when performing beam forming on the luneberg lens antenna according to the shaping parameter: the transmission phases of the plurality of oscillator units are adjusted to the same phase.
The obtaining module 31, the determining module 32 and the control module 33 are connected in sequence. The luneberg lens antenna shape-imparting control apparatus 3 provided in this embodiment may execute the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in any one of fig. 3 or fig. 5, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, which are not described herein again.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 10, the electronic device according to the embodiment includes: a memory 41, a processor 42 and a computer program.
The computer program is stored in the memory 41 and configured to be executed by the processor 42 to implement the luneberg lens antenna shaping control method provided in any one of the embodiments corresponding to fig. 3 or fig. 5 in the present application.
The memory 41 and the processor 42 are connected by a bus 43.
The related description may be understood by referring to the related description and effect corresponding to the step in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 3 or fig. 5, and redundant description is not repeated here.
One embodiment of the present application provides a luneberg lens antenna, which includes a plurality of element units and a controller, wherein the element units are used for transmitting beams; the controller is used for executing the luneberg lens antenna shaping control method provided by any one of the embodiments corresponding to fig. 3 or fig. 5 of the present application.
One embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the luneberg lens antenna shaping control method provided in any one of the embodiments corresponding to fig. 3 or fig. 5 of the present application.
The computer readable storage medium may be, among others, ROM, Random Access Memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage device, and the like.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, a division of modules is merely a division of logical functions, and an actual implementation may have another division, for example, a plurality of modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or modules, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. A shaping control method for a Luneberg lens antenna is applied to a Luneberg lens antenna which comprises a plurality of element units, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring coverage area information, wherein the coverage area information is used for indicating the position relation between a target coverage area of the luneberg lens antenna and the luneberg lens antenna;
determining a shaping parameter of the luneberg lens antenna according to the coverage area information, wherein the shaping parameter is used for controlling the oscillator unit to respectively transmit narrow beams with different powers to a plurality of positions of the target coverage area to form a wide beam covering the target coverage area;
and carrying out beam forming on the Luneberg lens antenna according to the forming parameters so as to enable the wide beam to have uniform signal intensity at different positions of the target coverage area.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the shaping parameters include transmission power of the element unit, and wherein determining the shaping parameters of the luneberg lens antenna according to the coverage area information comprises:
determining distance information according to the coverage area information, wherein the distance information is used for representing the transmitting distance between the luneberg lens antenna and a plurality of positions in the target coverage area;
and determining the transmitting power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the distance information, wherein the transmitting power of the oscillator units is in direct proportion to the transmitting distance.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining the transmission power of the element units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the distance information comprises:
acquiring preset signal intensity;
and determining the transmitting power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal intensity and the distance information.
4. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
determining attenuation information according to the coverage area information, wherein the attenuation information is used for representing signal attenuation caused by obstructions existing between the luneberg lens antenna and a plurality of positions in the target coverage area;
determining a power correction value according to the attenuation information;
determining the transmitting power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the distance information, wherein the determining comprises the following steps:
and determining the transmitting power of the oscillator units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the distance information and the power correction value.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the attenuation information comprises a signal attenuation rate;
if the signal attenuation rate is smaller than or equal to a first preset threshold value, the power correction value corresponding to the attenuation information is used for increasing the transmitting power;
and if the signal attenuation rate is greater than a first preset threshold value, the power correction value corresponding to the attenuation information is used for reducing the transmitting power.
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the Luneberg lens antenna comprises two Luneberg lenses which are vertically arranged, the two Luneberg lenses are correspondingly provided with a plurality of element units in the vertical direction, and the determining of the transmitting power of the element units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal strength and the distance information comprises:
determining total transmitting power corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal strength and the distance information;
and determining the respective transmitting power of the two oscillator units of the two luneberg lenses at the corresponding positions according to a preset weight coefficient and the total transmitting power.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein the luneberg lens antenna comprises two luneberg lenses horizontally disposed, the two luneberg lenses are disposed with a plurality of element units along a same horizontal direction, and determining the transmission power of the element units corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal strength and the distance information comprises:
determining total transmitting power corresponding to different positions of the target coverage area according to the preset signal strength and the distance information;
and determining the respective transmitting power of the oscillator units of the two luneberg lenses at each position according to a preset weight coefficient and the total transmitting power.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the shaping parameters include shaping angle information characterizing the incident angles of the element units when the element units reach different positions in the target coverage area through narrow beams emitted by the luneberg lens, and wherein determining the shaping parameters of the luneberg lens antenna according to the coverage area information comprises:
determining different positions of the target coverage area and the azimuth angle of the luneberg lens antenna according to the coverage area information;
and determining the forming angle information of the vibrator unit according to the azimuth angle.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the forming angle information comprises a horizontal forming angle, and/or a vertical forming angle.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
acquiring preset target height information, wherein the target height information is used for representing signal coverage heights required at different positions of the target coverage area;
and determining the vertical forming angle according to the target height information and the azimuth angle.
11. The method according to any of claims 1-10, wherein the shaping parameters further include a transmission phase of the element unit, and the forming the luneberg lens antenna according to the shaping parameters includes:
and adjusting the transmitting phases of the plurality of oscillator units to be the same.
12. A luneberg lens antenna shape-imparting control apparatus, applied to a luneberg lens antenna including a plurality of element units, the apparatus comprising:
an obtaining module, configured to obtain coverage area information, where the coverage area information is used to indicate a positional relationship between a target coverage area of the luneberg lens antenna and the luneberg lens antenna;
a determining module, configured to determine, according to the coverage area information, a shaping parameter of the luneberg lens antenna, where the shaping parameter is used to control the oscillator unit to transmit narrow beams with different powers to multiple positions of the target coverage area, respectively, so as to form a wide beam covering the target coverage area;
and the control module is used for carrying out beam forming on the Luneberg lens antenna according to the forming parameters so as to enable the wide beam to have uniform signal intensity at different positions of the target coverage area.
13. An electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program;
wherein the computer program is stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor to implement the luneberg lens antenna shape determination method of any one of claims 1 to 11.
14. A luneberg lens antenna, comprising a plurality of element units and a controller, wherein:
the oscillator unit is used for transmitting beams;
the controller is configured to execute the luneberg lens antenna shaping control method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
15. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for implementing the luneberg lens antenna shape-imparting control method of any one of claims 1 to 11 when executed by a processor.
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