WO2022134966A1

WO2022134966A1 - Antenna apparatus, data transmission method, and related device

Info

Publication number: WO2022134966A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/131393
Authority: WO
Inventors: 黄忠; 熊聪
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2020-12-24
Filing date: 2021-11-18
Publication date: 2022-06-30
Also published as: CN114679204B; CN114679204A

Abstract

Disclosed are an antenna apparatus, a data transmission method, and a related device, which are used for enhancing a signal strength and reducing interference to signals transmitted/received by other antenna apparatuses. The antenna apparatus of the embodiments of the present application comprises at least one antenna array and a processing unit. The at least one antenna array can emit a beam, and the direction of the beam has a vertical-direction component. The processing unit is used for determining, by means of online terminal learning, beam learning and scheduling and beam adjustment, a target beam pointing to a terminal device. The at least one antenna array transmits data with the terminal device by means of the target beam.

Description

An antenna device, data transmission method and related equipment

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number 202011552526.2 and the invention titled "An Antenna Device, Data Transmission Method and Related Equipment" filed with the China Patent Office on December 24, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference in this application.

technical field

The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications, and in particular, to an antenna device, a data transmission method, and related equipment.

Background technique

In wireless communication, data is sent and received through an antenna, the signals sent and received by the antenna are electromagnetic signals, and the data is carried on electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna have different strengths in different directions, so that they have a certain shape and form an antenna pattern. Generally speaking, a single dipole antenna has the same signal strength attenuation in different directions in the horizontal direction, and all have the same signal strength, which is an omnidirectional antenna.

In order to improve the strength of the signal sent by the antenna to the terminal device, that is, the strength of the electromagnetic signal, the beamforming technology can be used to concentrate the energy in one direction, and the direction is aimed at the terminal device, and the strength of the signal received by the terminal device will be improved. .

If not controlled, in this case, signals from other antennas in the vicinity of the terminal device will be interfered with by signals aimed at the terminal device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of the present application provide an antenna device, a data transmission method, and related equipment, which are used to enhance signal strength and reduce interference to signals sent and received by other antenna devices.

A first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an antenna device, where the antenna device includes at least one antenna array and a processing unit. At least one antenna array is used to transmit sounding signals through a plurality of beams. The directions of the multiple beams all have vertical direction components. At least one antenna array is also used to receive signal strength information from the terminal device. The signal strength information represents the signal strength of the probe signal at the terminal device. The processing unit is configured to determine the target beam among the plurality of beams according to the signal strength information. At least one antenna array is also used to transmit data with the terminal equipment via the target beam.

In this embodiment of the present application, data transmission with a terminal device is implemented by using a target beam determined from multiple beams. Since the directions of the multiple beams all have a vertical direction component, the direction of the target beam also has a vertical direction component. Since the target beam in this embodiment of the present application has a vertical directional component, the coverage of the target beam on the horizontal plane is smaller than that of the beam aimed at the terminal device on the horizontal plane, and the interference scope to signals received and received by other antenna devices is also smaller.

Under the condition that the signal strength from the antenna is the same and the distance between the antenna and the terminal device is the same, because the target beam in this embodiment of the present application has a vertical directional component, on the horizontal plane near the terminal device, the signal strength is lower, weakening the Interference with signals sent and received by other antenna devices.

With reference to the first aspect, in a first implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the antenna array may include an electrically controlled passive array (elecironically steerable parasitic array radiator, ESPAR) antenna. Specifically, each of the at least one antenna array includes an active element and a parasitic element. The active oscillator is used to send out the basic beam, and the basic beam acts on the parasitic oscillator; the parasitic oscillator is used to send out the parasitic beam, and the target beam can be obtained by superimposing the parasitic beam and the basic beam.

With reference to the first aspect or the first implementation manner of the first aspect, in the second implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the direction of the target beam is vertically downward.

In the embodiment of the present application, when the direction of the target beam is vertically downward, the lower part of the antenna device is in the coverage area of the target beam and has strong signal strength. Therefore, the signal strength of the terminal equipment under the antenna device can be improved.

With reference to the first aspect, the first implementation manner of the first aspect, or the second implementation manner of the first aspect, in the third implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, there are at least two antenna arrays, and at least two antenna arrays have The arrangement includes parallel arrangement.

In this embodiment of the present application, when the number of antenna arrays is greater than or equal to two, the beams emitted by several parallel arrays have an enhanced intensity and a reduced range compared to the beams emitted by a single array, thereby realizing signal Increased intensity and reduced interference range.

With reference to the first aspect, the first implementation manner of the first aspect, or the second implementation manner of the first aspect, in the fourth implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, there are at least two antenna arrays, and at least two antenna arrays have Arrangements include intersecting arrangements.

In this embodiment of the present application, when the number of antenna arrays is greater than or equal to two, the range that cannot be covered by one antenna array can be covered by the antenna array that intersects with it in the device, that is, the intersecting antenna array can realize signal transmission within a certain range. Full coverage to expand the coverage of the signal.

With reference to the first aspect, the first implementation manner of the first aspect, or the second implementation manner of the first aspect, in the fifth implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the antenna array includes at least three, and the at least three antenna arrays Including mutually parallel antenna arrays and intersecting antenna arrays.

In the embodiment of the present application, the coverage of the signal is increased by the intersecting antennas, the strength of the signal is increased by the parallel antenna array, and the interference range is reduced.

With reference to the third implementation manner of the first aspect or the fifth implementation manner of the first aspect, in the sixth implementation manner of the embodiments of the present application, at least two antenna arrays are arranged in parallel, and the target beams are at least two parallel to each other. The beams emitted by the antenna array are superimposed.

In the embodiment of the present application, by superimposing the beams emitted by the parallel arrays, the beam intensity is improved and the beam range is reduced, the signal intensity is improved and the interference range is reduced.

With reference to the third implementation manner of the first aspect or the fifth implementation manner of the first aspect, in the seventh implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, at least two antenna arrays are arranged to intersect, and the target beam is at least two intersecting antennas A beam emitted by one of the antenna arrays in the array.

With reference to any one of the first aspect, the first implementation manner of the first aspect to the seventh implementation manner of the first aspect, in the eighth implementation manner of the embodiments of the present application, at least one antenna array is used to pass A plurality of beams periodically send sounding signals; and periodically receive signal strength information from terminal equipment.

In the embodiment of the present application, the detection signal is periodically sent and the signal strength information is received, and the target beam corresponding to the terminal device can be updated in real time according to a plurality of signal strength information, so as to realize the real-time adjustment of the beam.

A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a data transmission method, the method is applied to an antenna device, and the method includes:

The sounding signal is sent through a plurality of beams, and the directions of the plurality of beams all have vertical direction components. Signal strength information from the terminal device is received, and the signal strength information indicates the signal strength of the probe signal at the terminal device. Based on the signal strength information, the target beam is determined among the plurality of beams. Data is transmitted with the terminal device through the target beam.

With reference to the second aspect, in the first implementation manner of the second aspect in the embodiments of the present application, the direction of the target beam is vertically downward.

A third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an antenna device, and the antenna device includes:

a sending unit, configured to send the sounding signal through multiple beams, and the directions of the multiple beams all have vertical direction components;

The receiving unit is configured to receive signal strength information from the terminal equipment, where the signal strength information represents the signal strength of the probe signal at the terminal equipment.

The calculation unit is configured to determine the target beam from among the multiple beams according to the signal strength information, and the multiple beams all have vertical direction components.

The transmission unit is used to transmit data with the terminal equipment through the target beam.

The antenna arrangement is used to perform the method of the aforementioned second aspect.

A third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an antenna device, including a processor, a memory, a transceiver, and a bus.

A processor, memory, and transceiver are connected to the bus.

The processor is configured to perform the method of the aforementioned second aspect.

A fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when a computer executes the program, the method of the foregoing second aspect is performed.

A fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer program product. When the computer program product is executed on a computer, the computer executes the method of the foregoing second aspect.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application;

3a is a schematic diagram of a beam direction of an antenna array;

FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of a beam direction of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of vibrators of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another arrangement of the antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a coverage area of an antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of selection of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a pattern of beams transmitted and received by an antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

10 is a CDF diagram of an antenna array beam coverage gain value provided by an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a simulation environment provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a pattern of a flexible beam sent out by an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a CDF diagram of gain values of a flexible beam provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic flowchart of beam adjustment provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

16 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 17 is another schematic structural diagram of an antenna apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array. The antenna array includes a transmitter, a receiver, multiple elements, and multiple tunable reactances.

Antenna arrays can be used to transmit or receive data. Data is transmitted in the form of electrical signals in the antenna device, and the vibrator is used to convert the form of signals, converting electrical signals into electromagnetic signals during data transmission, and converting electromagnetic signals into electrical signals during data reception. Specifically, a transmitter and an antenna element are required to transmit data. In the process of signal transmission, the transmitter transmits data in the form of electrical signals to the antenna vibrator; the antenna vibrator converts the data in the form of electrical signals into electromagnetic signals, which propagate in the air. In the data receiving process, the antenna vibrator receives data in the form of electromagnetic signals from the air, and converts the data in the form of electromagnetic signals into electrical signals; the receiver is used to receive the electrical signals from the antenna vibrator.

In the embodiments of the present application, the antenna element is also referred to as an element. The antenna array includes multiple oscillators, such as oscillators #0 to #6 in FIG. 1 . According to the connection relationship between the oscillators and the transmitter or the connector, the antenna array can be divided into an active antenna array and a passive antenna array.

In an active antenna array, all the elements can be connected to the transmitter at the same time, and each element can receive the electrical signal from the transmitter.

In a passive antenna array, only one vibrator is connected to the transmitter, which is called an active vibrator, and the vibrator that is not connected to the transmitter at this time is called a parasitic vibrator. The induced current is excited in the parasitic oscillator through the electromagnetic signal sent by the active oscillator, and the induced current is converted into a parasitic electromagnetic signal through the parasitic oscillator. In the embodiments of the present application, the parasitic oscillator is also called a passive oscillator, which is not limited here.

In the same way, the connection relationship between the receiver and each oscillator in the active antenna array and the passive antenna array can be obtained, which will not be repeated here.

It is worth noting that the antenna array can include both transmitters and receivers, in which case the antenna array can be used to transmit and receive data; the antenna array can also include transmitters but not receivers, in which case the antenna array is used to transmit data but not to receive data; or the antenna array may also include a receiver but not a transmitter. In this case, the antenna array is used for receiving data but not for sending data, which is not limited here.

Multiple vibrators in the antenna array can each generate electromagnetic waves, and the electromagnetic waves generated by the multiple vibrators can be superimposed to obtain superimposed electromagnetic waves. The antenna array can control the shape of the superimposed electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna array by controlling the amplitude and phase of each vibrator.

At a certain distance from the antenna, the change of the relative field strength of the radiation field with the direction is presented in a graph, and the pattern can be obtained, and various parameters of the antenna can be observed through the pattern. The pattern usually has two or more antenna lobes. Antenna lobe refers to the collective name of several maximum radiation areas in the antenna pattern, and one of the main maximum radiation areas is called the main lobe. In the embodiment of the present application, the shape of the main lobe of the superimposed electromagnetic wave emitted by the antenna array is called a beam, and the intensity of the beam represents the radiation intensity of the main lobe of the superimposed electromagnetic wave emitted by the antenna array.

In this embodiment of the present application, the direction of the main lobe of the beam is used as the direction of the beam. That is, the antenna array can control the direction of the beam by controlling the amplitude and phase of each element.

In one implementation, by adjusting the size of the adjustable reactance connected to each vibrator, the phase of the voltage and current in the single vibrator can be changed, thereby changing the phase of the electromagnetic signal sent by the single vibrator, and the adjustment of the phase of the single electromagnetic signal This will cause changes in the strength and shape of the superimposed electromagnetic signal, thereby changing the beam of the antenna array.

When the adjustable reactance connected to the vibrator is in a capacitive state, the vibrator acts as a director, and the superimposed beam will shift to the direction of the vibrator. When the adjustable reactance connected to the vibrator is in an inductive state, the vibrator acts as a reflection , the superimposed beam will be shifted away from the oscillator.

The direction of the antenna array is the direction perpendicular to the surface of the vibrator. The antenna array is usually installed horizontally, that is, the direction of the vibrator is vertical, and the vibrators have a relative positional relationship on the horizontal plane. By adjusting the adjustable reactance of each vibrator , the shape of the superimposed electromagnetic wave can be changed in the horizontal plane, so the beam direction is the direction in the horizontal plane. Below the antenna array, the signal strength is weak, and for the terminal equipment receiving the magnetic signal, since the beam is aimed at the terminal in the horizontal plane For the device, the signals sent and received by other antenna devices near the terminal device will be interfered by the magnetic signal aimed at the terminal device.

In order to solve the above-mentioned defects, the embodiments of the present application provide a new type of array arrangement and antenna device, which are used to change the beam emitted by the antenna array, thereby enhancing the strength of the signal and reducing the interference to the signals sent and received by other antenna devices. .

Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present application. Similar to the wheels in the running process of the car, the antenna array provided in the embodiment of the present application is placed vertically, that is, the vibrators are arranged on a vertical plane. Similar to the rotation of a wheel during driving, the direction of the beam can be rotated in a vertical plane.

Optionally, by adjusting the adjustable reactance of each vibrator, the direction of the beam can be rotated 360° in a plane parallel to the array, that is, 360° in the vertical plane, so as to change the direction of the beam in the vertical plane. .

In order to more vividly show the difference between the vertical arrangement of the antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present application and the horizontally installed antenna array, the following describes the difference between the beam directions in different arrangements. FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of a beam direction of an antenna array; FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of a beam direction of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in Figure 3a, the antenna array installed horizontally can only obtain beams in different directions in the horizontal plane xOy; Beams in different directions are obtained in the vertical plane xOz.

Through the arrangement of the antenna array provided in the embodiment of the present application, beams in different directions in the vertical plane can be obtained. Since the antenna device is usually installed above the active range of the terminal equipment, only a beam having a vertically downward directional component is required to realize data transmission with the terminal equipment.

Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application. The antenna array is arranged vertically, and only beams with a vertically downward directional component are used during use.

Optionally, the vibrator near the top of the antenna array can be set to a reflector state, and the vibrator near the bottom of the antenna array can be set to a director state, so as to obtain a beam with a vertical downward directional component.

Optionally, the antenna device may include multiple parallel antenna arrays. When multiple parallel antenna arrays connected to the same transmitter emit the same beam, the beams from different antenna arrays will be superimposed, resulting in a compressed shape. , a higher intensity beam.

Optionally, in an implementation manner, the distance between the antenna arrays may be set to a distance of one target wavelength. The target wavelength here may be in the range of the wavelength of the electromagnetic signal to be sent or received by the antenna array, or in the vicinity of the range, which is not limited here.

The distance between the antenna arrays can affect the shape and intensity of the beam. In this embodiment of the application, in addition to 1 target wavelength, the distance between the antenna arrays can also be other values, such as 1.5 target wavelengths, etc., as long as it is greater than or equal to 0.5 target wavelengths are sufficient, which is not limited here.

In an antenna array, the arrangement of the elements also affects the beam emitted by the antenna array. Please refer to FIG. 5 . FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the elements of the passive antenna array provided by the embodiment of the present application. K represents the number of passive oscillators in the array, and different k correspond to different step sizes. The step size represents the angle between the connection lines of different passive oscillators and active oscillators. As shown in Figure 5, when the passive oscillators are symmetrically arranged around the active oscillator, the step size is equal to 2π/K.

The step size can affect the angle between and the number of beams that the antenna array can emit. For example, when K is equal to 6 (as shown in Figure 2), and the step size is 60°, 3 beams with a vertically downward directional component can be obtained. When K is equal to 8 and the step size is 45°, 4 beams with a vertically downward directional component can be obtained.

Optionally, the relationship between the step size and the angle between the beams may be that the angle between the beams is equal to the step size. The relationship between the step size and the number of beams may be that the number of beams is equal to 360° divided by the step size. The relationship between the step size and the number of beams with a vertically downward component may be, rounding the result of dividing 360° by the step size, taking the rounding result, adding 1 to the rounding result, or subtracting 1 from the rounding result as having The number of beams for the vertically downward component.

It is worth noting that the multiple oscillators in the antenna array can be arranged in the center as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 5. In addition to the central arrangement, the arrangement of the oscillators can also be in other forms, such as linear arrangement, spherical arrangement Arrangement or irregular arrangement, etc., are not limited here.

It is worth noting that the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 only takes the passive antenna array as an example. When the active antenna array is arranged in a similar arrangement, the relationship between the arrangement and the beam is the same as that shown in FIG. 5 . The relationship is similar and will not be repeated here.

Through the above arrangement of the antenna array and the vibrator, a long-strip coverage can be obtained on the ground, and the beam direction adjustment in one dimension on the ground can be realized. For example, as shown in FIG. 7 , the antenna array A can obtain the coverage of a strip-shaped area A on the ground. The direction adjustment of the beam is realized in the y-axis direction. In order to expand the coverage of signals sent and received by the antenna device and increase the dimension of beam direction adjustment on the ground, an embodiment of the present application provides an arrangement method of an antenna array.

Please refer to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application. By intersecting the antenna array A and the antenna array B, the coverage of the antenna array and the adjustment dimension of the beam direction are increased. The distance between the antenna arrays is similar to the distance between the antenna arrays in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 , and details are not repeated here.

Please refer to FIG. 7 . FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a coverage area of an antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The intersecting antenna array A and antenna array B have coverage areas on the ground including area A and area B, compared to a single antenna. The array can only cover one area, and the beam direction can only be adjusted in one dimension. The intersecting antenna array arrangement increases the coverage and the adjustment dimension of the beam direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 7 , adding an antenna array B that intersects with the antenna array A on the basis of the antenna array A not only expands the coverage of the area B, but also realizes the beam direction adjustment in the x-axis direction on the ground.

In this embodiment of the present application, the intersection of two antenna arrays is only an example of intersecting antenna arrays, and does not limit the number of intersecting antenna arrays. The number of intersecting antenna arrays may also be other integers greater than 2, which is not limited here. . When the number of intersecting antenna arrays determines the adjustment dimension of the beam direction, and when the number of intersecting antenna arrays is n, the adjustment of the beam direction in n dimensions can be realized on the ground. For example, if the three antenna arrays have an included angle of 60° with each other, the beam direction adjustment in the three dimensions of a-axis, b-axis, and c-axis with an included angle of 60° can be realized on the ground. Do limit.

In the embodiments of the present application, n is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

In order to realize the adjustment of the beam direction in different dimensions, it is necessary to control the used antenna array through a switch, so as to control the direction adjustment of the beam in the dimension corresponding to the antenna array. Please refer to FIG. 8. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of selection of an antenna array in an antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

For example, as shown in Figure 8, when the beam direction needs to be adjusted in the y-axis direction on the ground, the switch is connected to the antenna array corresponding to the y-axis direction; when the beam direction needs to be adjusted in the x-axis direction on the ground, Connect the switch to the antenna array corresponding to the x-axis direction.

For example, please refer to FIG. 9 , which is a directional diagram of beams transmitted and received by an antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application. The coverage of the three beams, the baseline beam, the left beam and the right beam, is covered on the ground by the intersecting three antenna arrays. The sum of the coverage of the three beams is the optimal beam envelope. Compared to a single antenna array on the ground that can only cover the coverage of the baseline beam, multiple intersecting antenna arrays achieve increased coverage. The increased coverage is the part of the optimal beam envelope that does not belong to the coverage of the baseline beam, and is also referred to as a coverage gain range in this embodiment of the present application.

For example, please refer to FIG. 10. FIG. 10 is a cumulative distribution function (CDF) diagram of the antenna array beam coverage gain value provided by the embodiment of the application. Based on the antenna array and the pattern shown in FIG. 9, it is possible to realize The median gain is 2.5dB, and the edge gain is 8dB. That is, in the coverage area of the beams transmitted and received by the intersecting antenna array, a signal gain with a median value of 2.5dB is achieved, and at the edge of the coverage area of the beams transmitted and received by the intersecting antenna array, a signal gain of 8dB is achieved. In this embodiment of the present application, the beams transmitted and received by the intersecting antenna arrays are also referred to as flexible beams.

11 is a schematic diagram of a simulation environment according to an embodiment of the present application. In FIG. 11 , symbols like arrows represent antenna devices, and areas with different colors represent target coverage areas of different antenna devices, that is, the range of cells corresponding to the antenna devices. The randomly scattered dots represent randomly distributed terminal devices, the dotted box represents the sampling range of the simulation experiment, and the antenna in the center of the sampling range is the experimental antenna.

The simulation experiment is performed in the environment shown in FIG. 11 to obtain the signal strength between the terminal device and the antenna in the experimental sampling range, and the experimental results shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 can be obtained.

FIG. 12 is a directional diagram of a flexible beam sent out by an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application. For example, as shown in FIG. 12 , a beam width of about 65° can be achieved in both the horizontal plane and the vertical plane.

FIG. 13 is a CDF diagram of gain values of a flexible beam provided by an embodiment of the present application. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 13 , the abscissa in the figure is the reference signal receiving power (reference signal receiving power, RSRP) and the channel quality indicator (channel quality indicator, CQI that can be achieved by using the flexible beam provided by the embodiment of the present application). ), and the ordinate is the cumulative distribution corresponding to the above gain values. For example, the abscissa in the first picture is 6, and the ordinate is the point of 80%, which means that in the experiment, 80% of the test objects can achieve an RSRP gain of 6dB.

At the edge of a cell, the following beneficial effects can be achieved through the antenna array and line device shown in the embodiments of the present application:

From the downlink analysis, that is, when the antenna device sends data to the terminal equipment, if the terminal interference in the surrounding cells of the terminal equipment remains unchanged, the coverage enhancement of this cell means the improvement of the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) .

From the uplink analysis, that is, when the antenna device receives data from the terminal equipment, the uplink coverage of the terminal is enhanced, and when the interference of the surrounding cells remains unchanged, the uplink signal of the terminal equipment is enhanced, and the uplink SINR is raised. Since the uplink signal value of the terminal equipment at the edge of the cell increases, and the power control prompts it to reduce the transmit power, for the neighboring cell, the interference from the terminal equipment is reduced, and the SINR of the uplink signal is increased.

Based on the antenna array and the simulation results shown in the above embodiments, the target beam required by the terminal device can be determined by the antenna device, so as to realize the adjustment of the beam.

Please refer to FIG. 14. FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a beam adjustment process according to an embodiment of the present application. The process includes the following three parts:

1401. Online terminal learning.

Obtain the ID identifier of the terminal device, and distinguish the terminal device by different ID identifiers. The ID identifier can be a temporary mobile subscriber identity (TMSI), and in addition to the TMSI, the ID identifier can also be other identifiers used to represent terminal equipment, such as an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI), etc., There is no limitation here.

The reference signal receiving power (RSRP) corresponding to the terminal is read through the call history record (CHR) reported by the terminal device, and the geographic location of the terminal device can be roughly determined through this data. In this embodiment of the present application, the RSRP is also referred to as the downlink signal strength of the original beam.

In this embodiment of the present application, in addition to the ID identifier and geographic location of the terminal device, other information of the terminal may also be learned, such as whether it is a large uplink user or a low latency user, which is not limited here.

Determine whether it is a large uplink user: determine whether the terminal device is a large uplink user according to the amount of data transmitted in a period of time and the statistical result of the duration of data existing in the uplink buffer (buffer).

Determine whether it is a low-latency user: Identify whether the terminal device is a low-latency user through the label of the terminal device when opening an account.

Online terminal learning can be implemented through online terminal learning forms. For example, the online terminal learning forms can be as shown in Table 1:

Table 1 Online terminal learning form

终端ID标识Terminal ID	原始波束下行信号强度Raw beam downlink signal strength	大上行big up	低时延low latency
11	-98dBm-98dBm	是Yes	否no
22	-75dBm-75dBm	否no	是Yes
……	……	……	……
NN	-76dBm-76dBm	是Yes	否no

As shown in Table 1, the above learning results are filled in the online terminal learning form to determine the requirements of each terminal device. Sufficient channel bandwidth needs to be provided for large uplink users, and the time required to send and receive data with the terminal device needs to be controlled for low-latency users. For example, as shown in Table 1, terminal equipment 1 is a large uplink user, and the downlink signal strength is -98dBm; terminal equipment 2 is a low-latency user, and the downlink signal strength is -75dBm, and the signal strength of terminal equipment 2 is greater than that of the terminal equipment. A signal strength of 1 indicates that terminal device 2 is closer to the antenna device than terminal device 1. N in Table 1 represents the Nth terminal, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 3, which is not limited here.

It is worth noting that Table 1 is only an example of the online terminal learning table, and does not limit the terminal learning table, nor does it limit the number of terminals in the terminal online learning process.

In this embodiment of the present application, in addition to learning the terminal information through the terminal learning table, other methods may also be used to learn, for example, acquiring the above information and saving the above information in a character string, etc., which are not limited here.

Through the above steps, the service requirements of the terminal equipment can be known, and the geographic location of the terminal equipment can be determined through RSRP, so that the target beam can be given in a targeted manner, high-quality services can be provided, and a service level agreement (SLA) can be reached. .

1402. Beam learning.

After the online learning of the terminal is completed, beam learning can be started.

Different antenna arrays can be selected through switches, and different beams in the antenna array can be selected through adjustable reactance, so that detection signals can be sent through beams in each direction that each antenna array can send. The signal strength information is reported, and the signal strength information indicates the signal strength of the detection signal at the terminal device. In this embodiment of the present application, the signal strength is also referred to as the downlink signal strength.

As shown in Table 2, the antenna device records the downlink signal strength of each terminal under each beam, so that the optimal beam corresponding to the terminal can be determined. In this embodiment of the present application, the optimal beam is also referred to as a target beam.

Optionally, the beam learning can be performed periodically, for example, the beam learning is performed every 6 hours, and the structure of the beam learning is updated, thereby adjusting the target beam corresponding to each terminal device. In addition to periodic learning, beam learning can also be performed in other ways, such as event triggering, etc., which is not limited here. For example, the trigger event of beam learning can be the average throughput of the cell in the current 5 minutes, which is relative to the average throughput of the cell in the previous 5 minutes. rate dropped by 20%.

Beam learning can be implemented through the beam learning table, for example, the beam learning table can be as shown in Table 2:

Table 2 Beam Learning Table

For example, as shown in Table 2, taking terminal device 1 as an example, among the downlink signal strengths of beams 1 to 6, determine beam 1 with the highest signal strength, and use beam 1 as the optimal beam, that is, the target beam. Similarly, it can be determined that the target beam of terminal device 2 is beam 6 , and the target beam of terminal device N is beam 3 .

M in Table 2 represents the Mth terminal, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 4, which is not limited here.

It should be noted that Table 2 is only an example of the beam learning table, and does not limit the beam learning table, nor does it limit the number of terminals in the beam learning process.

In this embodiment of the present application, in addition to determining the optimal beam through the beam learning table, the optimal beam may also be determined in other manners, for example, through a function or software, which is not limited here.

Through beam learning, the optimal beam corresponding to each terminal can be obtained, and combined with the service requirements of the terminal equipment, the optimal beam can be scheduled and adopted to ensure service quality.

1403. Scheduling and beam adjustment.

During queuing and scheduling of terminal devices, the best beam corresponding to the beam learning table can be selected for the terminal device according to the best beams of different terminal devices.

For example, if

terminals

1, 2, and 3 are queued for scheduling, their corresponding optimal beams are 1, 6, and 2. Then, when scheduling user 1, select beam 1; when scheduling user 2, select beam 6; when scheduling user 3, select beam 2. Since the beam adjustment can be controlled by the on-off of the PIN diode, that is, any one of the selection control of the antenna array and the control of the adjustable reactance in the antenna array can be realized by the PIN diode, and its time accuracy can reach us level, which can meet the User requirements when scheduling.

Next, the antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described. Please refer to FIG. 15 . FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present application. The structure includes multiple antenna arrays and processing units. Multiple antenna arrays are used to send detection signals through multiple beams, and the directions of the multiple beams have vertical directional components; receive signal strength information from the terminal device, and the signal strength information indicates the signal strength of the detection signal at the terminal device . The processing unit is configured to determine the target beam among the multiple beams according to the signal strength information. At least one antenna array is used to transmit data with the terminal equipment through the target beam.

For the action of the processing unit to determine the target beam, refer to the actions of online terminal learning, beam learning and scheduling, and beam adjustment in the embodiment shown in the foregoing FIG. 14 for details, which will not be repeated here.

Optionally, in an implementation manner, each antenna array in the at least one antenna array includes an active element and a parasitic element. The active oscillator is used to send out the fundamental beam, and the fundamental beam acts on the parasitic oscillator. The parasitic oscillator is used to send out a parasitic beam, and the parasitic beam and the basic beam are superimposed to obtain the target beam.

Optionally, in an implementation manner, the direction of the target beam is vertically downward.

Optionally, in an implementation manner, there are at least two antenna arrays, and an arrangement manner of the at least two antenna arrays includes at least one of parallel arrangement or intersecting arrangement.

Optionally, in an implementation manner, at least two antenna arrays are arranged in parallel, and the target beam is a beam obtained by superimposing beams emitted by at least two antenna arrays that are parallel to each other.

Optionally, in an implementation manner, at least two antenna arrays are arranged to intersect, and the target beam is a beam emitted by one of the intersected at least two antenna arrays.

Optionally, in an implementation manner, at least one antenna array is specifically configured to periodically send a sounding signal through multiple beams, and periodically receive signal strength information from a terminal device.

Next, the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described. Please refer to FIG. 16 . FIG. 16 is a schematic flowchart of the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application. The method is applied to the antenna device shown in FIG. 15 , and the method includes :

1601. Send a detection signal.

At least one antenna array transmits the sounding signal through a plurality of beams, and the directions of the plurality of beams all have vertical directional components.

1602. Receive signal strength information.

At least one antenna array receives signal strength information from the terminal equipment, the signal strength information representing the signal strength of the probe signal at the terminal equipment.

1603. Determine the target beam.

The processing unit determines the target beam among the multiple beams according to the signal strength information.

1604. Transmit data with the terminal device.

At least one antenna array transmits data to the terminal device through the target beam.

Optionally, in an implementation manner, step 1601 may include: periodically sending the sounding signal through multiple beams.

Step 1602 may include: periodically receiving signal strength information from the terminal device.

Please refer to FIG. 17. FIG. 17 is another schematic structural diagram of an antenna device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The antenna device 1700 includes a sending unit 1701, a receiving unit 1702, a computing unit 1703, and a transmitting unit 1704.

a sending unit 1701, configured to send a sounding signal through a plurality of beams, and the directions of the plurality of beams all have a vertical direction component;

a receiving unit 1702, configured to receive signal strength information from a terminal device, where the signal strength information represents the signal strength of the probe signal at the terminal device;

a calculation unit 1703, configured to determine a target beam among the multiple beams according to the signal strength information;

A transmission unit 1704, configured to transmit data with the terminal device through the target beam.

Optionally, in an implementation manner, the sending unit is specifically configured to periodically send the sounding signal through multiple beams. The receiving unit is specifically configured to periodically receive the signal strength information from the terminal device.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the system, device and unit described above may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented. On the other hand, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated units can be realized in the form of hardware, and can also be realized in the form of software functional units.

The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application can be embodied in the form of software products in essence, or the parts that contribute to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions, and the computer software products are stored in a storage medium , including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes .

Claims

An antenna device, characterized in that the antenna device comprises at least one antenna array and a processing unit;

the at least one antenna array is used to transmit the sounding signal through a plurality of beams, and the directions of the plurality of beams all have vertical direction components;

the at least one antenna array is configured to receive signal strength information from a terminal device, where the signal strength information represents the signal strength of the probe signal at the terminal device;

the processing unit, configured to determine a target beam among the plurality of beams according to the signal strength information;

The at least one antenna array is used to transmit data with the terminal device through the target beam.
The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein each antenna array in the at least one antenna array includes an active element and a parasitic element;

The active vibrator is used to send out a fundamental beam, and the fundamental beam acts on the parasitic vibrator;

The parasitic oscillator is used for sending out a parasitic beam, and the parasitic beam and the basic beam are superimposed to obtain the target beam.
The antenna device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the direction of the target beam is vertically downward.
The antenna device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein there are at least two antenna arrays, and the arrangement of the at least two antenna arrays includes at least one of parallel arrangement or intersecting arrangement.
The antenna device according to claim 4, wherein the at least two antenna arrays are arranged in parallel,

The target beam is a beam obtained by superimposing beams emitted by the at least two antenna arrays that are parallel to each other.
The antenna device according to claim 4, wherein the at least two antenna arrays are arranged to intersect, and the target beam is a beam emitted by one of the intersected at least two antenna arrays.
The antenna device according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein,

The at least one antenna array is specifically configured to periodically send the sounding signal through the multiple beams;

The at least one antenna array is specifically configured to periodically receive the signal strength information from the terminal device.
A data transmission method, wherein the method is applied to an antenna device, and the method includes:

Send the sounding signal through a plurality of beams, and the directions of the plurality of beams all have a vertical direction component;

receiving signal strength information from a terminal device, the signal strength information representing the signal strength of the probe signal at the terminal device;

determining a target beam among the plurality of beams according to the signal strength information;

Data is transmitted with the terminal device through the target beam.
The data transmission method according to claim 8, wherein the direction of the target beam is vertically downward.
The method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the sending the sounding signal through a plurality of beams, the directions of the plurality of beams all have a vertical direction component, comprising:

periodically transmitting the sounding signal through the plurality of beams;

The receiving signal strength information from the terminal device includes:

The signal strength information from the terminal device is periodically received.
An antenna device, characterized in that the antenna device comprises:

a sending unit, configured to send a sounding signal through a plurality of beams, and the directions of the plurality of beams all have vertical direction components;

a receiving unit, configured to receive signal strength information from a terminal device, where the signal strength information represents the signal strength of the probe signal at the terminal device;

a calculation unit, configured to determine a target beam among the plurality of beams according to the signal strength information;

A transmission unit, configured to transmit data with the terminal device through the target beam.
The antenna device according to claim 11, wherein the direction of the target beam is vertically downward.
The antenna device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that:

The sending unit is specifically configured to periodically send the sounding signal through the multiple beams;

The receiving unit is specifically configured to periodically receive the signal strength information from the terminal device.
An antenna device, characterized by comprising a processor, a memory, a transceiver and a bus;

the processor, the memory, and the transceiver are connected to the bus;

The processor is adapted to perform the method of any one of claims 8 to 10.
A computer-readable storage medium, wherein a program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer executes the program, the method according to any one of claims 8 to 10 is executed.
A computer program product, characterized in that, when the computer program product is executed on a computer, the computer executes the method according to any one of claims 8 to 10.