CN212366217U - Remote wireless transmission antenna device and system of distribution automation terminal - Google Patents
Remote wireless transmission antenna device and system of distribution automation terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN212366217U CN212366217U CN202020685925.5U CN202020685925U CN212366217U CN 212366217 U CN212366217 U CN 212366217U CN 202020685925 U CN202020685925 U CN 202020685925U CN 212366217 U CN212366217 U CN 212366217U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a distribution automation terminal remote wireless transmission antenna device, system, its technical scheme is: the reflector is arranged on one side of the main vibrator and is separated from the main vibrator by a set distance, and the director is arranged on the other side of the main vibrator; wherein, the lengths of the reflector, the main vibrator and the director are reduced in sequence; two ends of the main oscillator are bent to form a feed terminal; and a connecting piece is fixed at one end of the cross beam far away from the guider. The utility model discloses under the condition that does not increase terminal communication module transmitting power, directional reinforcing signal transmission distance realizes the remote communication of distribution network automation equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a distribution technology field especially relates to a distribution automation terminal remote wireless transmission antenna device, system.
Background
The existing distribution automation terminal equipment carries out information transmission based on wireless communication 2G/3G/4G signals, and the signal intensity directly determines the automation control level of a distribution network. At present, common terminal equipment such as a power distribution network Feeder Terminal (FTU) and a power distribution network line Fault Indicator (FI) have a large application demand on a remote area line, the wireless signal intensity of a standard communication antenna is generally below 9db, the effective communication distance is about 1.26km, and the use demand of remote area distribution line automation equipment cannot be met. And the problems of equipment disconnection, equipment refusal, registration error and the like often occur. The inventor finds that the main technical reason is that besides the insufficient transmission power, the transmission mode of the standard antenna is more important.
The standard antenna is an omnidirectional antenna, namely, the standard antenna shows that the standard antenna radiates uniformly at 360 degrees on a horizontal directional diagram, and shows a beam with a certain width on a vertical directional diagram, and generally, the smaller the width of the lobe is, the larger the gain is. The method is mainly applied to the environment with short distance and large coverage area, and has poor performance when long-distance signal transmission is needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a remote wireless transmission antenna device of distribution automation terminal, system, under the condition that does not increase terminal communication module transmitting power, directional reinforcing signal transmission distance realizes the remote communication of distribution network automation equipment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following technical solution:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a remote wireless transmission antenna device for a distribution automation terminal, including a reflector, a main oscillator, and a plurality of directors, which are sequentially mounted on a cross beam, wherein the reflector is disposed on one side of the main oscillator and spaced from the main oscillator by a set distance, and the directors are disposed on the other side of the main oscillator; wherein, the lengths of the reflector, the main vibrator and the director are reduced in sequence; two ends of the main oscillator are bent to form a feed terminal; and a connecting piece is fixed at one end of the cross beam far away from the guider.
As a further implementation manner, the reflector, the main vibrator and the director are parallel to each other, and the central positions of the reflector, the main vibrator and the director are fixed with the cross beam.
As a further implementation manner, the distance between the main oscillator and the reflector is one-quarter of the communication wavelength.
As a further implementation, the master oscillator length is equal to one-half of the communication wavelength, the director length is shorter than one-half of the communication wavelength, and the reflector length is longer than one-half of the communication wavelength.
As a further implementation mode, the length of the director is 0.41-0.46 of the communication wavelength.
As a further implementation mode, the length of the reflector is 0.5-0.55 of the communication wavelength.
As a further implementation, the feed terminal length is 0.1 times the communication wavelength.
As a further implementation, the connecting piece is a U-shaped screw.
In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present invention further provide a remote wireless transmission antenna system for a distribution automation terminal, including the antenna device.
As a further implementation, the antenna device is connected to a distribution automation terminal.
Above-mentioned the utility model discloses an embodiment's beneficial effect as follows:
(1) one or more embodiments of the utility model can strengthen one direction of the signal and weaken the other direction by setting the length relation and the position relation of the director, the main vibrator and the reflector, so that the signal has strong directivity;
(2) one or more embodiments of the utility model can increase the gain intensity to more than 14db, and the effective transmission distance of the signal is doubled; the encryption requirement of the communication of the distribution automation terminal equipment is met, and the signal transmission distance is directionally enhanced under the condition that the transmitting power of a terminal communication module is not increased.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without unduly limiting the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;
fig. 2 is a horizontal lobe pattern of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;
fig. 3 is a vertical lobe pattern of the present invention in accordance with one or more embodiments;
FIG. 4 is an installation effectiveness diagram of the present invention according to one or more embodiments;
the antenna comprises a pole 1, a holding pole 2, a beam 3, a reflector 4, a main oscillator 5, a first director 6, a second director 7, a third director 8, a feed terminal 9 and a connecting piece.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" when appearing in this application are intended only to designate directions that are consistent with the up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and not to limit the structure, but merely to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The terms "mounted", "connected", "fixed", and the like in the present application should be understood broadly, and for example, the terms "mounted", "connected", and "fixed" may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; the two elements may be connected directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or the two elements may be connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific situation.
Descending: downlink communication, wherein a signal is transmitted from a base station to a terminal as downlink;
ascending: uplink communication, wherein a signal is transmitted from a terminal to a base station as uplink;
EIRP: equivalent omnidirectional radiation power;
distribution automation terminal: the general name of various remote monitoring and control units installed on the power distribution network is used for completing functions of data acquisition, control, communication and the like, and the general name is a power distribution terminal for short. The system mainly comprises a station terminal (DTU), a Feeder Terminal (FTU) and a distribution Transformer Terminal (TTU).
The first embodiment is as follows:
the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-3, specifically, as follows:
the embodiment provides a distribution automation terminal remote wireless transmission antenna device, under the condition that terminal communication module transmitting power is not increased, the signal transmission distance is directionally enhanced, and remote communication of distribution network automation equipment is realized.
A wireless communication channel (link) of a mobile communication system is divided into a downlink and an uplink. Therefore, estimating the signaling capability of the wireless communication channel requires separate coverage estimation for the uplink and downlink. The formula for the wireless link communication capability estimate is as follows:
L＝46.3+33.9×lg(f)-13.82×lg(Hb)-a(Hm)+[44.9-6.55×lg(Hb)]×lg(d)+Cm
wherein: f is the system frequency, Hb is the effective height of the base station antenna, Hm is the effective antenna height of the mobile terminal, d is the horizontal distance from the base station antenna to the mobile terminal, i.e., the expected coverage radius, and a (Hm) is the effective antenna correction factor, the value of which is related to the wireless environment.
For dense urban areas, a (Hm) 3.2 × [ lg (11.75 × Hm) ] 2-4.97; for general urban and suburban rural environments, a (Hm) ═ 1.1 × lg (f) -0.7] × Hm- [1.56 × lg (f) -0.8 ]; cm is an urban correction factor, is suitable for centers of medium-sized cities and suburbs when 0dB is taken, and is suitable for centers of large cities when the value is 3 dB. And L is the maximum path loss and is divided into the maximum downlink path loss and the maximum uplink path loss to be respectively estimated.
The above estimation formula of the wireless link communication capability can be obtained:
as can be seen from the above radio link budget formula:
the coverage distance d between the mobile terminal and the base station is in direct proportion to the maximum path loss L, the height of the base station antenna and the height of the effective antenna of the mobile terminal.
The formula for calculating the L maximum path loss is as follows:
maximum path loss-EIRP-minimum receive level-total margin-spatial propagation loss;
the uplink EIRP is the maximum transmitting power of the terminal, the gain of the terminal antenna and the loss of the terminal feeder line;
downlink EIRP (maximum transmission power of a base station + base station transmitting antenna gain + multi-antenna diversity, shaping gain-joint and feeder line);
the minimum receiving level is equal to the target signal-to-noise ratio of the edge user, the thermal noise, the connector, the feeder loss and the receiving antenna gain;
the total margin is interference margin + fast fading margin; spatial propagation loss is shadow loss + penetration loss + path loss + body loss.
Since the maximum transmission power and the transmission antenna gain are much larger than those of the base station and the terminal, the maximum path loss allowed in the downlink is much larger than that allowed in the uplink. Therefore, in remote areas, the terminal and the base station communicate, and the uplink transmission distance is limited. In order to solve the problem of long-distance transmission, the uplink transmission capability between the terminal and the base station needs to be improved.
In view of the above technical problems to be solved, the present embodiment aims to provide a high-gain directional antenna without changing the transmission power of a communication module, and specifically includes a cross beam 2, and a reflector 3, a main oscillator 4 and a plurality of directors that are sequentially mounted on the cross beam 2, where the cross beam 2 mainly plays a supporting role. The reflector 3 is arranged on one side of the main oscillator 4, and the reflector 3 and the main oscillator 4 are matched to play a role in signal attenuation. The director is arranged on the other side of the main vibrator 4, and the director is matched with the main vibrator 4 to play a role in signal enhancement.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, three directors, i.e., a first director 5, a second director 6, and a third director 7, are mounted on the cross beam 2; it is understood that other numbers of directors can be mounted on the cross beam 2, and the directors can be selected according to actual transmission requirements. The reflector 3 is perpendicular to the beam 2, and the center position of the reflector 3 is fixed with the beam 2. The main oscillator 4, the first director 5, the second director 6 and the third director 7 are respectively parallel to the reflector 3.
As shown in fig. 1, the length B of the first director 5, the length C of the second director 6 and the length D of the third director 7 are equal and slightly shorter than one-half of the communication wavelength. The length L of the main vibrator 4 is equal to one half of the communication wavelength, the length A of the reflector 3 is slightly longer than one half of the communication wavelength, and the distance between the reflector 3 and the main vibrator 4 is one quarter of the communication wavelength.
At the moment, the director is capacitive to the induction signal, and the current leads the voltage by 90 degrees; electromagnetic waves induced by the director can be radiated to the main vibrator 4, and radiation signals are delayed by 90 degrees through a quarter of communication wavelength path, so that the 'advance' caused by the front is just counteracted; the phases of the two are the same, so that the signals are superposed and strengthened. Because the length A of the reflector 3 is slightly longer than one half of the communication wavelength, the reflector is inductive, the current lags behind 90 degrees, and the current lags behind 90 degrees in the process of radiating to the main oscillator 4, the current and the current are just 180 degrees different from each other, so that the counteracting effect is realized. One direction is strengthened and the other direction is weakened, so that the device has strong directivity.
In the embodiment, the length of the director is 0.41-0.46 of the communication wavelength lambda, and the length of the reflector 3 is 0.5-0.55 of the communication wavelength lambda. The feed terminal 8 of the main oscillator 4 is 0.1 λ.
And a connecting piece 9 is fixed at one end of the cross beam 2 far away from the guider, and the installation with other equipment or parts is realized through the connecting piece 9. In this embodiment, the connecting member 9 is a U-shaped screw. Of course, in other embodiments, the connector 9 may be another component as long as the antenna can be attached and detached.
The installation method of the wireless transmission antenna device of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1. at the point of the equipment, a proper position is found to fix the holding pole 1 (the diameter of the holding pole is less than or equal to 50 mm).
2. And (3) penetrating the U-shaped screw rod through the holding pole 1 and fixing.
3. The main oscillator 4 is arranged perpendicular to the ground, and the angle of the antenna device can be adjusted through the adjustable included angle code to point to the direction of the base station.
4. And no object shielding is ensured between the antenna device and the base station, and the transmission is line-of-sight transmission.
The wireless transmission antenna of the present embodiment is essentially a directional antenna, as shown in fig. 2 to fig. 3, the horizontal directional pattern shows a certain angle range of radiation, and similarly, the smaller the lobe width, the larger the gain, and the farther the transmission distance, the directional antenna principle is mainly to enhance the signal wave in some directions by the guiding device, and weaken the signal wave in the opposite direction, so as to achieve energy gathering and directional enhancement, thereby achieving an increase in the signal transmission distance.
The antenna interface of the embodiment is consistent with the interface of the standard distribution automation terminal, and the SMA antenna interface is adopted, so that the communication encryption protocol and the communication message are not influenced. But not identical to a general directional antenna, the key point is that the communication wavelength referred by the director, the main oscillator 4 and the reflector 3 is the communication wavelength corresponding to the communication special frequency of the distribution automation terminal equipment.
According to the beneficial effect parameter table in table 1, the power distribution automation terminal communication frequency 2600MHz is a frequency band frequency of 4G, and is always true for any situation according to v ═ f λ. Where v is the wave velocity in m/s, f is the frequency in Hertz, and in the wavelength in meters. The propagation speed of electromagnetic wave in air is 3X 10 of light speed8m/s, the communication wavelength to which this example relates
The related half wavelength is 5.77cm, the quarter wavelength is 2.88cm, it can be said that the size and the spacing of the main components of the directional antenna are matched and customized for the distribution automation terminal, and not all SMA interface directional antennas can communicate with the distribution automation terminalThe signals produce a strengthening effect, and at the same time, not all communication signals can be strengthened by the antenna device of the embodiment.
The embodiment can increase the gain intensity to be more than 14db, and the effective transmission distance of the signal is doubled.
Table 1 beneficial effects parameter table
| Parameter(s) | Before optimization | Antenna optimization |
| Base station antenna height/m | 35 | 35 |
| Effective height/m of terminal antenna | 5 | 10 |
| System frequency/MHz | 2600 | 2600 |
| Maximum transmitting power/dBm of base station | 46 | 46 |
| Base station antenna gain/dBi | 18 | 18 |
| Maximum transmission power of terminalrate/dBm | 23 | 23 |
| Terminal antenna gain/dBi | 5 | 14 |
| Downlink maximum path loss/dB | 138.08 | 138.08 |
| Maximum upstream path loss/dB | 122.16 | 131.38 |
| Maximum downlink coverage distance/km | 3.9811 | 4.1593 |
| Maximum uplink coverage distance/km | 1.2589 | 2.5256 |
Example two:
the embodiment also provides a remote wireless transmission antenna system of the distribution automation terminal, which includes the antenna device and the distribution automation terminal described in the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the antenna device is connected to the distribution automation terminal through the communication module. And the power distribution automation terminal is subjected to software debugging on the communication module through the Ethernet interface, so that the input voltage value of the signal amplification circuit is improved.
Table 2 beneficial effects parameter table
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A long-distance wireless transmission antenna device of a distribution automation terminal is characterized by comprising a reflector, a main vibrator and a plurality of directors, wherein the reflector, the main vibrator and the plurality of directors are sequentially arranged on a cross beam; wherein, the lengths of the reflector, the main vibrator and the director are reduced in sequence; two ends of the main oscillator are bent to form a feed terminal; and a connecting piece is fixed at one end of the cross beam far away from the guider.
2. The distribution automation terminal long-distance wireless transmission antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the reflector, the main vibrator and the director are parallel to each other, and the central positions of the reflector, the main vibrator and the director are fixed to the beam.
3. The distribution automation terminal long-distance wireless transmission antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the main element and the reflector is a quarter of the communication wavelength.
4. The distribution automation terminal long-range wireless transmission antenna device of claim 3, wherein the main element length is equal to one-half of the communication wavelength, the director length is shorter than one-half of the communication wavelength, and the reflector length is longer than one-half of the communication wavelength.
5. The distribution automation terminal long-distance wireless transmission antenna device according to claim 4, wherein the length of the director is 0.41 to 0.46 of the communication wavelength.
6. The distribution automation terminal long-distance wireless transmission antenna device according to claim 4, wherein the length of the reflector is 0.5 to 0.55 of the communication wavelength.
7. The distribution automation terminal long-distance wireless transmission antenna device according to claim 4, wherein the length of the feed terminal is 0.1 times of the communication wavelength.
8. The distribution automation terminal long-distance wireless transmission antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the connecting member is a U-shaped screw.
9. A distribution automation terminal long-range wireless transmission antenna system, characterized in that it comprises an antenna device according to any of claims 1-8.
10. The distribution automation terminal long-distance wireless transmission antenna system according to claim 9, wherein the antenna device is connected to the distribution automation terminal.
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| CN202020685925.5U CN212366217U (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | Remote wireless transmission antenna device and system of distribution automation terminal |
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| CN202020685925.5U CN212366217U (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | Remote wireless transmission antenna device and system of distribution automation terminal |
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