CN114593280B - 一种应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN114593280B
CN114593280B CN202210333221.5A CN202210333221A CN114593280B CN 114593280 B CN114593280 B CN 114593280B CN 202210333221 A CN202210333221 A CN 202210333221A CN 114593280 B CN114593280 B CN 114593280B
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heat insulation
insulation material
layer
coating
super heat
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CN114593280A (zh
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张忠伦
王明铭
辛志军
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China Building Materials Science Innovation Technology Research Institute Shandong Co ltd
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China Building Materials Science Innovation Technology Research Institute Shandong Co ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2023/090932 priority patent/WO2023186180A1/zh
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    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
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    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道及其制备方法，属于海洋油气管道领域，包括导电内管、涂覆在导电内管上的防腐蚀涂层、缠绕在防腐蚀涂层上的超级绝热材料形成的隔热层和包覆在隔热层外部的树脂密封层。本发明的应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道耐冲击力强，使用寿命长，力学性能和保温性能优异。采用导电内管，对管道内的液化天然气具有优异的抗腐蚀性能，相比于常规的钢管，其质量明显减轻，从而节省了搬运和安装的成本，提高了效率；防腐蚀涂层和树脂密封层形成的保护层，能够防止海水长时间浸润或外层的意外破损导致的导电内管直接暴露在环境中，避免电化学腐蚀，进一步提高耐腐蚀能力。

Description

一种应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种管道及其制备方法，具体涉及一种应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道及其制备方法，属于海洋油气管道领域。
背景技术
液化天然气的运输有三种方式：船运、车运和管道输送，在这三种运输方式中，船运是液化天然气的主要运输方式，即通过运输管路接收油井的天然气，被加工处理合格后，储存在船舱中进行运输，占世界液化天然气运输量的80%以上。
运输液化天然气的船舱中会残存大量的油污、有毒产品、粉尘以及某些有机物腐败后产生的有害物质，并且，由于长时间在海上航行，船舱除了受上述有毒有害物质腐蚀外，还会受到海水强烈的电化学腐蚀以及海水中大量微生物的腐蚀。
现有的船舱中天然气输送管路多以钢管为主，但含硫油田中形成的天然气往往含有硫化氢，溶解于天然气中夹带的水汽形成H2S水溶液，H2S水溶液具有较强的腐蚀性，会使钢管发生氢脆现象，在钢内部形成细小的裂纹，钢管韧性降低，变脆，产生细小裂纹的钢管在拉应力和残余张应力的作用下，细小裂纹不断延伸扩展，最终导致钢管破裂。船舱中用于输送液化天然气的管道长期与海水接触，使得钢管的腐蚀速率更高。
现有的船舱天然气钢管防腐蚀工艺为在钢管上增加涂层，通过涂层形成绝缘材料，以防止海水中的电解质与钢管直接接触，或通过增加钢管的壁厚来克服上述问题，但增加涂层并不会从根本解决上述问题，随着涂层老化脱落，海水仍会与钢管接触，使其被腐蚀，且增加钢管厚度会使得其成本增加，不利于钢管的搬运和安装。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道及其制备方法，以解决现有技术中存在的上述问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道，包括导电内管、涂覆在所述导电内管上的防腐蚀涂层、缠绕在所述防腐蚀涂层上的超级绝热材料形成的隔热层和包覆在所述隔热层外部的树脂密封层；
所述导电内管为铝合金或铜合金；
所述防腐蚀涂层为环氧涂料固化后形成的涂层。
进一步，所述隔热层包括第一缠绕层和第二缠绕层，所述第一缠绕层由宽度为20-30cm的带状超级绝热材料按顺时针方向缠绕而成，所述第二缠绕层缠绕在所述第一缠绕层外侧，由宽度为30-50cm的带状超级绝热材料按逆时针方向缠绕而成。
进一步，所述超级绝热材料为气凝胶隔热毡；
所述气凝胶隔热毡的25℃导热系数为0.014-0.025W/(m·K)，密度为140-250kg/m3，燃烧等级为A级。
气凝胶隔热毡由湿凝胶和纤维毡复合以超临界干燥的方式制备得到。
进一步，所述环氧涂料由以下重量份数的原料制备得到：环氧树脂50-70份，固化剂10-20份，偶联剂0.1-0.5份，填料20-40份。
进一步，所述固化剂为胺基固化剂；
所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH530、硅烷偶联剂KH550、硅烷偶联剂KH560、硅烷偶联剂KH570中的任一种或几种的混合；
所述填料为钛白粉、刚玉粉、硅灰石粉中的任一种或几种的混合。
进一步，所述树脂密封层的树脂为环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、双马来酰亚胺树脂、苯并噁嗪树脂中的任一种。
本发明还提供了上述应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）将导电内管表面进行去油处理后进行喷砂处理，以加大表面粗糙度，增加附着力，随后进行预热；
（2）在预热后的导电内管表面喷涂环氧涂料，喷涂厚度为20-50μm，喷涂后固化形成防腐蚀涂层；
（3）在防腐蚀涂层上缠绕超级绝热材料形成隔热层；
（4）在隔热层表面涂覆树脂，涂覆厚度为2-3mm，固化后形成树脂密封层，即得所述应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道。
进一步，步骤（1）中所述去油处理为以物理或化学方式去除导热内管表面的油脂、涂料层和氧化物，如利用氧化还原反应、砂纸打磨、喷丸等方式；
所述预热为加热至170℃-230℃。
进一步，步骤（2）中所述喷涂为采用静电喷涂设备或流化床进行喷涂。
进一步，步骤（2）和/或步骤（4）中所述固化为在220℃-240℃下固化0.5-1.5h。
本发明的有益效果在于，本发明的应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道耐冲击力强，使用寿命长，力学性能和保温性能优异。采用导电内管，对管道内的液化天然气具有优异的抗腐蚀性能，能够抗击绝大多数盐、酸、碱的腐蚀，尤其能够抗击硫化氢、二氧化碳等酸性气体的腐蚀，并且，相比于常规的钢管，其质量明显减轻，从而节省了搬运和安装的成本，提高了效率；采用了气凝胶保温毡，该保温毡既拥有优异的隔热性能，同时具有弹性毡的形体特色和力学性能，赋予了管道优异的保温性和力学性能；防腐蚀涂层和树脂密封层形成的保护层，能够防止海水长时间浸润或外层的意外破损导致的导电内管直接暴露在环境中，避免电化学腐蚀，进一步提高耐腐蚀能力。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在以下实施例中，应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道的结构自内部至外部依次为导电内管、涂覆在上述导电内管上的防腐蚀涂层、缠绕在上述防腐蚀涂层上的超级绝热材料形成的隔热层和包覆在上述隔热层外部的树脂密封层；
其中，超级绝热材料为气凝胶隔热毡；
隔热层包括第一缠绕层和第二缠绕层，第一缠绕层由宽度为20-30cm的带状超级绝热材料按顺时针方向缠绕而成，第二缠绕层缠绕在上述第一缠绕层外侧，由宽度为30-50cm的带状超级绝热材料按逆时针方向缠绕而成。
在以下实施例的操作步骤中，去油处理为以物理或化学方式去除导热内管表面的油脂、涂料层和氧化物，如利用氧化还原反应、砂纸打磨、喷丸等方式；
喷涂为采用静电喷涂设备或流化床进行喷涂；
其他未进行特殊说明的结构、操作或材质均按常规理解。
实施例1
应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道，制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）将铝合金导电内管表面进行去油处理后进行喷砂处理，随后加热至200℃进行预热；
（2）取环氧树脂60g，胺基固化剂20g，硅烷偶联剂KH530、硅烷偶联剂KH550、硅烷偶联剂KH570的混合物0.3g，钛白粉20g制备得到环氧涂料，喷涂至预热后的铝合金导电内管表面，喷涂厚度为20-50μm，喷涂后在230℃下固化1h形成防腐蚀涂层；
（3）在防腐蚀涂层上缠绕超级绝热材料形成隔热层；
（4）在隔热层表面涂覆酚醛树脂，涂覆厚度为2-3mm，在230℃下固化1h后形成树脂密封层，即得应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道。
实施例2
应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道，制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）将铜合金导电内管表面进行去油处理后进行喷砂处理，随后加热至170℃进行预热；
（2）取环氧树脂50g，胺基固化剂10g，硅烷偶联剂KH550、硅烷偶联剂KH560的混合物0.1g，钛白粉、刚玉粉的混合物20-40g制备得到环氧涂料，喷涂至预热后的铜合金导电内管表面，喷涂厚度为20-50μm，喷涂后在220℃下固化0.5h形成防腐蚀涂层；
（3）在防腐蚀涂层上缠绕超级绝热材料形成隔热层；
（4）在隔热层表面涂覆环氧树脂，涂覆厚度为2-3mm，在220℃下固化0.5h后形成树脂密封层，即得应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道。
实施例3
应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道，制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）将铝合金导电内管表面进行去油处理后进行喷砂处理，随后加热至230℃进行预热；
（2）取环氧树脂70g，胺基固化剂20g，硅烷偶联剂KH530、硅烷偶联剂KH560的混合物0.5g，硅灰石粉40g制备得到环氧涂料，喷涂至预热后的铝合金导电内管表面，喷涂厚度为20-50μm，喷涂后在240℃下固化1.5h形成防腐蚀涂层；
（3）在防腐蚀涂层上缠绕超级绝热材料形成隔热层；
（4）在隔热层表面涂覆苯并噁嗪树脂，涂覆厚度为2-3mm，在240℃下固化1.5h后形成树脂密封层，即得应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道。
性能测试
针对上述实施例1-3中制备的船舱管道进行性能测试，测试方式及结果如下：
项目 测试方法 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3
耐水性 GB/T1733-1993 无损 无损 无损
耐腐蚀性 GB1763-1979 无损 无损 无损
25℃导热系数（W/(m·K)） GB/T10295-2008 0.019 0.017 0.020

Claims (3)

1.一种应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道，其特征在于，包括导电内管、涂覆在所述导电内管上的防腐蚀涂层、缠绕在所述防腐蚀涂层上的超级绝热材料形成的隔热层和包覆在所述隔热层外部的树脂密封层；
所述导电内管为铝合金或铜合金；
所述防腐蚀涂层为环氧涂料固化后形成的涂层，所述环氧涂料由以下重量份数的原料制备得到：环氧树脂50-70份，固化剂10-20份，偶联剂0.1-0.5份，填料20-40份，所述固化剂为胺基固化剂，所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH530、硅烷偶联剂KH550、硅烷偶联剂KH560、硅烷偶联剂KH570中的任一种或几种的混合，所述填料为钛白粉、刚玉粉、硅灰石粉中的任一种或几种的混合；
所述超级绝热材料为气凝胶隔热毡，25℃导热系数为0.014-0.025W/(m·K)；
所述隔热层包括第一缠绕层和第二缠绕层，所述第一缠绕层由宽度为20-30cm的带状超级绝热材料按顺时针方向缠绕而成，所述第二缠绕层缠绕在所述第一缠绕层外侧，由宽度为30-50cm的带状超级绝热材料按逆时针方向缠绕而成；
所述树脂密封层的树脂为环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、双马来酰亚胺树脂、苯并噁嗪树脂中的任一种；
所述应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道的制备方法包括如下步骤：
1)将导电内管表面进行去油处理后进行喷砂处理，随后加热至170℃-230℃进行预热；
2)在预热后的导电内管表面喷涂环氧涂料，喷涂厚度为20-50μm，喷涂后在220℃-240℃下固化0.5-1.5h形成防腐蚀涂层；
3)在防腐蚀涂层上缠绕超级绝热材料形成隔热层；
4)在隔热层表面涂覆树脂，涂覆厚度为2-3mm，在220℃-240℃下固化0.5-1.5h后形成树脂密封层，即得所述应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道。
2.根据权利要求1所述应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤1)中所述去油处理为以物理或化学方式去除导电内管表面的油脂、涂料层和氧化物。
3.根据权利要求1所述应用超级绝热材料的船舱管道的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤2)中所述喷涂为采用静电喷涂设备或流化床进行喷涂。
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