CN114568248A - Special unsupported fertilizer for cultivating variety chrysanthemum - Google Patents

Special unsupported fertilizer for cultivating variety chrysanthemum Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114568248A
CN114568248A CN202210396397.5A CN202210396397A CN114568248A CN 114568248 A CN114568248 A CN 114568248A CN 202210396397 A CN202210396397 A CN 202210396397A CN 114568248 A CN114568248 A CN 114568248A
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
chrysanthemum
soil
unsupported
fertilizer
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Pending
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CN202210396397.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李少峰
武勇
李娜娜
李昆泽
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN202210396397.5A priority Critical patent/CN114568248A/en
Publication of CN114568248A publication Critical patent/CN114568248A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02—Superphosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a special unsupported cultivation fertilizer for a variety of chrysanthemum, which is prepared from the following base soil: firstly, preparing base soil, and mixing the following components in parts by weight: 35-45% of garden soil; 20-30% of mushroom dregs, 10-20% of leaf mold, 10-15% of grass carbon, 5-8% of plant ash, 5-7% of vermiculite and 5-7% of perlite; after the above ingredients are mixed, the chicken manure, the bone meal and the sesame paste powder are added on the basis of per cubic meter of base soil to promote the growth of the rhizome and improve the overall strength of the rhizome; the special unsupported cultivation fertilizer for the chrysanthemum, which is finished by the proportioning, can be stably used for planting ornamental chrysanthemum, and can promote the performances of thick stems, large leaves, large flowers, water retention, fertilizer conservation, disease and pest resistance and lodging resistance of the chrysanthemum.

Description

Special unsupported fertilizer for cultivating variety chrysanthemum
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers special for chrysanthemum, and particularly relates to a fertilizer special for unsupported cultivation of a variety chrysanthemum.
Background
Only one plant is reserved in the cultivation process of the chrysanthemum, and concentrated nutrients are supplied to the chrysanthemum to enable the chrysanthemum to become one pot, one plant and one flower, so that the chrysanthemum is large and bright in color, free of bottom leaf falling and rich in luster, can fully show the characteristics of the variety, and has unique ornamental value.
At present, in the planting process of a variety of chrysanthemum, only one plant is left, so that the flower is large in the growth process of the flower season, the stem is easy to bend or even break only under the support of the stem, the support rod is usually fixed on the stem to realize the auxiliary support of the stem, but the ornamental value of the chrysanthemum is influenced by the fixing mode; moreover, the conventional chrysanthemum varieties are all added with common organic fertilizers in the planting process, the fertilizer efficiency of the organic fertilizers is general, the organic fertilizers are common in the aspects of water retention, fertilizer retention, disease and pest resistance and lodging resistance of chrysanthemum plants, and the chrysanthemum varieties cannot be broken through in the field.
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, as a technical worker in the industry, how to design a special unsupported cultivation fertilizer for a variety of chrysanthemum through technical improvement can be applied to the field of planting of the variety chrysanthemum and can effectively improve various problems encountered in the growth process of the existing variety chrysanthemum.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a special unsupported cultivation fertilizer for a variety of chrysanthemum, which is prepared by adding various components through a novel formula, and has the advantages of scientific formula, good fertilizer efficiency and long fertilizer efficiency:
the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a special unsupported cultivation fertilizer for a variety of chrysanthemum comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
firstly, preparing base soil, wherein the weight ratio of the base soil is as follows: 35-45% of garden soil; 20-30% of mushroom dregs, 10-20% of leaf mold, 10-15% of grass carbon, 5-8% of plant ash, 5-7% of vermiculite and 5-7% of perlite;
the mushroom dregs are waste generated in the agricultural production of edible mushrooms (such as needle mushrooms, pleurotus eryngii and the like).
The leaf mold is nutrient soil formed by decomposing and fermenting plant branches and leaves in soil through microorganisms.
Various nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and other trace elements contained in the grass peat can effectively provide the elements for plants.
The plant ash contains a plurality of trace elements such as iron and magnesium besides a plurality of nutrient elements such as potassium and calcium.
The vermiculite is in a granular structure with the size of 2-5 mm.
The perlite can increase the air permeability of the soil and can be used as a carrier of trace elements.
After the above ingredients are mixed, the following substances are added on the basis of more than one cubic meter of base soil, and the weight is calculated by gram:
4500-5500 parts of chicken manure; 2500-3500 parts of bone meal; 1500-2500 parts of sesame paste powder; 300-700 parts of cellulase; 1800-2200 of BB fertilizer; 1800-2200 of calcium superphosphate; 1800-2200 of potassium sulfate and 800-1200 of monopotassium phosphate; 400-600 parts of ferrous sulfate; 150-250 parts of sulfur powder; 200-300 parts of carbendazim; 180-240 parts of 80% dipterex wettable powder; 180-240% of 25% carbaryl wettable powder; 120-170 parts of copper sulfate; 120-170 parts of indoleacetic acid; 80-120 parts of sodium naphthaleneacetate; and the water retaining agent is 4500-5500.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: through the design, the base soil is configured in a volume proportioning mode, the edible fungus residues are used as a main proportioning mixture, the leaf mold is decomposed and fermented in the soil by microorganisms to form nutrient soil, the nutrient soil has the advantages of light weight, looseness, good water and air permeability and strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, the turf can improve the water, air and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil, and various nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other trace elements are contained in the turf; the plant ash contains a large amount of nutrient elements such as potassium, calcium and the like, and also contains a plurality of trace elements such as iron, magnesium and the like, and has quick-acting performance, so that the plant ash can promote the green branches and leaves, enhance the photosynthesis, promote the bright color and prolong the ornamental period; the vermiculite and the perlite have the characteristics of loose soil, good air permeability, strong water absorption, small temperature change and the like, are beneficial to the growth of crops, and can reduce the input of fertilizers; according to the invention, on the basis of the foundation soil, chicken manure, bone meal and sesame paste powder are added to promote the growth of the rhizome, so that the overall strength of the rhizome is improved; the chrysanthemum unsupported cultivation special fertilizer is used for stably planting ornamental chrysanthemum, and can promote the performances of chrysanthemum stem thickness, large leaf size, large flower size, water retention, fertilizer retention, disease and insect damage resistance and lodging resistance.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below by way of embodiments.
The embodiment is as follows: the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a special unsupported cultivation fertilizer for a variety of chrysanthemum comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
firstly, preparing base soil, and according to the volume ratio: garden soil 40; 20 of mushroom dregs, 15 of leaf mold, 10 of grass peat, 5 of plant ash, 5 of vermiculite and 5 of perlite;
the mushroom dregs are material waste dregs generated in the production of the flammulina velutipes and the pleurotus eryngii. With the development of the edible fungus industry in recent years, the edible fungus waste generated each year is huge, and if the waste can not be effectively utilized, the waste can cause a great amount of non-point source pollution to the environment, soil, underground water and the like. The edible fungus waste is treated and utilized, so that the problem of environmental pollution is solved, and waste can be changed into valuable.
The leaf mold is also called humus soil, and is nutrient soil formed by decomposing and fermenting plant branches and leaves in soil through microorganisms. The humus soil has the advantages of light weight, looseness, good water and air permeability, strong water and fertilizer retention capacity and long fertility persistence, is rich in organic matters, humic acid, a small amount of vitamins, growth factors, trace elements and the like, and can promote the growth and development of plants.
The turf can improve the water holding capacity, the ventilation capacity and the fertilizer holding capacity of the soil, can increase the nutrient content, and can effectively provide the elements for plants due to various nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other trace elements contained in the turf.
The plant ash contains a large amount of nutrient elements such as potassium, calcium and the like, and also contains a plurality of trace elements such as iron, magnesium and the like, and has quick-acting property, so that the plant ash can promote branches and leaves to be greenish, enhance photosynthesis, reduce flower and fruit shedding, promote the flower and fruit to be brightly colored, and prolong the ornamental period.
The vermiculite is in a granular structure with the size of 2-5mm, has the characteristics of loose soil, good air permeability, strong water absorption, small temperature change and the like, is beneficial to the growth of crops, and can reduce the input of fertilizers.
The perlite can increase the air permeability of the soil and can be used as a carrier of trace elements.
Mixing the garden soil, the mushroom dregs, the leaf mold, the grass carbon and the plant ash into a whole according to the proportion, placing the mixture into a fermentation tank for piling wet materials for fermentation after the proportion is finished, coating a film on the mixture for sealed fermentation, keeping the fermentation for 15 days at the fermentation temperature of 50 ℃, and turning and mixing the mixture once every 48 hours; after fermentation, uniformly mixing the fermentation product with vermiculite and perlite;
after the above ingredients are mixed, the following substances are added on the basis of more than one cubic meter of base soil, and the weight is calculated by gram:
5000 parts of chicken manure; bone meal 3000; sesame paste powder 2000; 500 of cellulase; BB fertilizer 2000; calcium superphosphate 2000; potassium sulfate 2000, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1000; 500 parts of ferrous sulfate; 200 parts of sulfur powder; carbendazim 250; 80% dipterex wettable powder 200; 100 percent of 25 percent carbaryl wettable powder; 150 parts of copper sulfate; 150 parts of indoleacetic acid; 100 parts of sodium naphthaleneacetate; 5000 parts of water-retaining agent;
the chicken manure, the bone meal and the sesame paste powder all contain phosphorus and potassium and mainly promote the growth of rhizomes;
the cellulase is used for promoting the decomposition and conversion of organic matters and regulating the pH value;
the ferrous sulfate and the sulfur powder are used for regulating the pH value.
The carbendazim and copper sulfate are used for sterilization.
The 80% dipterex wettable powder and the 25% carbaryl wettable powder are used for killing insects.
The indole acetic acid and the sodium naphthalene acetate are used for regulating and promoting the growth of plants.
The invention realizes the base soil configuration by the volume proportioning mode, the chicken manure, the bone meal and the sesame paste powder are matched on the basis of the base soil, the growth of roots and stems is mainly promoted, the integral strength of the roots and stems is improved, the cellulase is used for promoting the decomposition and conversion of organic matters, the ferrous sulfate and the sulfur powder are used for adjusting the PH value, and meanwhile, various bactericides and various insecticides are used for preventing the generation of plant diseases and insect pests.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a special fertilizer of no support cultivation of variety chrysanthemum which characterized in that: the formula proportion is as follows:
firstly, preparing base soil, and mixing the following components in parts by weight: 35-45% of garden soil; 20-30% of mushroom dregs, 10-20% of leaf mold, 10-15% of grass carbon, 5-8% of plant ash, 5-7% of vermiculite and 5-7% of perlite;
after the above ingredients are mixed, the following substances are added on the basis of more than one cubic meter of base soil, and the weight is calculated by gram:
4500-5500 parts of chicken manure; 2500-3500 parts of bone meal; 1500-2500 parts of sesame paste powder; 300-700 parts of cellulase; 1800-2200 of BB fertilizer; 1800-2200 of calcium superphosphate; 1800-2200 potassium sulfate and 800-1200 monopotassium phosphate; 400-600 parts of ferrous sulfate; 150-250 parts of sulfur powder; 200-300 parts of carbendazim; 180-240% of 80% dipterex wettable powder; 180-240% of 25% carbaryl wettable powder; 120-170 parts of copper sulfate; 120-170 parts of indoleacetic acid; 80-120 parts of sodium naphthaleneacetate; and the water-retaining agent is 4500-5500.
2. The unsupported cultivation special fertilizer for the variety chrysanthemum, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mushroom dregs are waste produced in the agricultural production of edible mushrooms.
3. The unsupported cultivation special fertilizer for the variety chrysanthemum, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the leaf mold adopts nutrient soil formed by decomposing and fermenting plant branches and leaves in soil through microorganisms.
4. The unsupported cultivation special fertilizer for the variety chrysanthemum, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the vermiculite is in a granular structure with the size of 2-5 mm.
CN202210396397.5A 2022-04-15 2022-04-15 Special unsupported fertilizer for cultivating variety chrysanthemum Pending CN114568248A (en)

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CN202210396397.5A CN114568248A (en) 2022-04-15 2022-04-15 Special unsupported fertilizer for cultivating variety chrysanthemum

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210396397.5A CN114568248A (en) 2022-04-15 2022-04-15 Special unsupported fertilizer for cultivating variety chrysanthemum

Publications (1)

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CN114568248A true CN114568248A (en) 2022-06-03

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101544512A (en) * 2008-03-26 2009-09-30 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 Method for preparing soil for flowers by using edible fungus chaff
CN106007880A (en) * 2016-08-17 2016-10-12 艾生豪 Preparation method of marigold seedling raising substrate
CN108250003A (en) * 2018-04-25 2018-07-06 安徽省马道悠然电子商务有限公司 A kind of chrysanthemum plants dedicated fertilizer
CN108605791A (en) * 2016-11-29 2018-10-02 丹阳市金土地景观苗木专业合作社 A kind of chrysanthemum special cultivation soil

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101544512A (en) * 2008-03-26 2009-09-30 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 Method for preparing soil for flowers by using edible fungus chaff
CN106007880A (en) * 2016-08-17 2016-10-12 艾生豪 Preparation method of marigold seedling raising substrate
CN108605791A (en) * 2016-11-29 2018-10-02 丹阳市金土地景观苗木专业合作社 A kind of chrysanthemum special cultivation soil
CN108250003A (en) * 2018-04-25 2018-07-06 安徽省马道悠然电子商务有限公司 A kind of chrysanthemum plants dedicated fertilizer

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
李少锋等: ""品种菊无支撑栽培技术探究"", 《现代园艺》, no. 24, pages 29 - 30 *

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