CN114535814B - Metal piece surface polishing method and polishing device based on laser shock wave - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser polishing, and discloses a metal piece surface polishing method and a polishing device based on laser shock waves, which comprise a box body, a polishing device and a polishing device, wherein the box body is used for installing each part to perform polishing treatment on the metal piece; the feeding and discharging mechanism is used for placing a metal piece to be processed and a processed metal piece and performing automatic metal piece rotation in the processing process; the conveying mechanism is connected with the feeding and discharging mechanism and used for conveying the metal piece to be processed and the processed metal piece, placing the metal piece to be processed and taking out the processed metal piece; and the clamping mechanism is used for clamping the metal piece to realize polishing treatment and conveying the metal piece, and clamping the metal piece to realize surface changing polishing. The device carries the metalwork through conveyer belt and feeding dish to drive two-way anchor clamps centre gripping metalwork through rotating the platform and remove and process, realized the batch polishing processing of automatic metalwork, effectively alleviateed the labour and improved work efficiency greatly.

Description

Metal piece surface polishing method and polishing device based on laser shock wave

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser polishing, in particular to a metal piece surface polishing method and a metal piece surface polishing device based on laser shock waves.

Background

The laser polishing is carried out by utilizing the interaction of laser and the surface of a material, the laser polishing technology is used as a new laser processing application technology, a focused laser beam spot is utilized to act on a rough original metal surface to cause the melting and evaporation of a convex thin layer on the surface of the metal material, the melted material flows under the action of the surface tension and gravity of the material, the concave part of the metal surface is filled and solidified, and the ideal polished material surface is finally obtained. The raw materials are polished before a plurality of metal parts are produced, and then subsequent processing is carried out, so that the production precision is effectively guaranteed, and the attractiveness of finished products is greatly improved.

The existing laser polishing equipment is mostly used for polishing the surfaces of metal parts in a handheld mode, so that the equipment is only suitable for the condition of a small amount of metal parts, the efficiency is too low and the safety is difficult to guarantee when batch production polishing is carried out, the batch production of the metal parts can be carried out when a small amount of equipment is produced, but the comprehensive polishing of the metal parts cannot be met, for example, the equipment can only be used for polishing one surface independently when placed on a platform for polishing, manual operation is needed when the switching surface is used for polishing, if a rotary platform is adopted, the top and the bottom are difficult to operate, the limitation is large, and the efficiency is too low.

An effective solution to the problems in the related art has not been proposed yet.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a metal piece surface polishing method and a polishing device based on laser shock waves, which have the advantages of batch production, comprehensive polishing and the like, and solve the problems of low efficiency, incomplete polishing and the like.

(II) technical scheme

In order to solve the technical problems of low efficiency and incomplete polishing, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a metal piece surface polishing method and a polishing device based on laser shock waves comprise a box body, a polishing device and a polishing device, wherein the box body is used for installing each part to perform polishing treatment on the metal piece; the feeding and discharging mechanism is used for placing a metal piece to be processed and a processed metal piece and performing automatic metal piece rotation in the processing process; the conveying mechanism is connected with the feeding and discharging mechanism and used for conveying the metal piece to be processed and the processed metal piece, placing the metal piece to be processed and taking out the processed metal piece; the clamping mechanism is used for clamping the metal piece to realize polishing treatment and conveying the metal piece, and clamping the metal piece to realize surface changing and polishing; the polishing platform is used for placing the metal piece to carry out polishing treatment; the laser generating mechanism is used for emitting laser to polish the metal piece and realizing multi-axis linkage to carry out multi-aspect polishing treatment; the angle switching mechanism is used for switching the angle between the laser generating mechanism and the polishing platform so that the laser generating mechanism is positioned at the top of the polishing platform to polish the top surface of the metal piece; and the operation table is used for realizing interconnection of the laser generator, the circuit assembly and the computer and inputting a polishing program of a specific metal piece to automatically process the subsequent metal piece.

Preferably, the feeding and discharging mechanism comprises a feeding disc and a discharging disc, the feeding disc and the discharging disc are connected in the box body in a rotating mode and are symmetrically arranged, a first reversing motor is arranged at the bottom of the feeding disc and the bottom of the discharging disc to achieve rotation, and a plurality of placing grooves are formed in the top of the feeding disc and the top of the discharging disc in the circumferential direction.

Preferably, conveying mechanism includes the transition dish, the transition dish has two and is connected with feed tray and play charging tray respectively, transition dish one side is connected with the conveyer belt, conveyer belt one side is provided with respectively and pushes away the material cylinder and presss from both sides the material cylinder, it is used for waiting to process the metalwork on the conveyer belt and pushes away to the feed tray in, it is used for pressing from both sides the metalwork clamp that processing was accomplished in the charging tray to the conveyer belt to press from both sides the material cylinder.

Preferably, press from both sides material mechanism including rotating the platform, rotating the platform and rotate to connect in the box and the bottom realizes rotatoryly through second switching-over motor, it puts with polishing platform central point to rotate the platform to be located business turn over material mechanism, it is rotatory to rotate the platform top and rotate and be connected with electric putter and realize through transferring the motor, the electric putter tip is provided with two-way anchor clamps, two-way anchor clamps are used for the centre gripping metalwork to polish processing.

Preferably, the polishing platform comprises a placing table, the placing table rotates in the box body, the bottom of the placing table rotates through a third reversing motor, one side of the placing table and one side of the placing groove are both provided with a long groove in a penetrating mode, and the long grooves are used for clamping the metal piece by the bidirectional clamp and are placed on the tops of the placing table and the placing groove.

Preferably, the laser generating mechanism comprises a mounting rack, the mounting rack is rotatably connected to the side wall of the box body, slide rails are arranged on two sides of the mounting rack, a cross beam is connected to the slide rails through slide blocks in a sliding mode, racks are arranged on one side of the mounting rack, a longitudinal movement motor is arranged on one side of the cross beam, and a gear meshed with the racks is arranged on the shaft portion of the longitudinal movement motor.

Preferably, laser generating mechanism includes the carriage, carriage sliding connection is on the crossbeam, crossbeam cavity and both sides are rotated and are connected with the drive wheel, and two drive wheels pass through the hold-in range and realize connecting, and one side drive wheel top is provided with the transverse motion motor and realizes rotatoryly, the carriage is connected with the hold-in range, the carriage front side is provided with laser polishing subassembly.

Preferably, angle switching mechanism is including switching the motor, the switching motor sets up and runs through the lateral wall at box lateral wall and axial region and connect in the mounting bracket, a plurality of draw-in grooves have been seted up to mounting bracket opposite side axial region running through box lateral wall and tip, the box lateral wall just is located the draw-in groove both sides and installs electronic bolt, and electronic bolt all can insert in the draw-in groove when the mounting bracket is located and places platform side and top surface.

A metal piece surface polishing method based on laser shock waves comprises the following steps:

s1: the opening device enables all the parts to automatically reset and detect;

s2: inputting a program to a computer end of an operation table aiming at the metal piece polished at this time, and performing trial operation on an empty machine after reading is completed;

s3: uniformly placing the metal piece to be processed on a conveying belt for conveying;

s4: pushing the metal piece into a feeding disc through a conveying mechanism and conveying the metal piece;

s5: clamping the metal piece to a polishing platform through a material clamping mechanism and performing polishing treatment according to a polishing program;

s6: after polishing, the metal piece is placed on a discharge disc by a clamping mechanism for conveying;

s7: the metal pieces on the discharging disc are clamped on the conveying belt through the conveying mechanism to be conveyed and stacked.

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a metal piece surface polishing method and a metal piece surface polishing device based on laser shock waves, which have the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the metal piece surface polishing equipment and method based on the laser shock waves, the metal pieces are conveyed through the conveying belt and the feeding disc, and the bidirectional clamp is driven by the rotating table to clamp the metal pieces to move and process, so that the automatic batch polishing processing of the metal pieces is realized, the labor force is effectively reduced, and the working efficiency is greatly improved;

2. according to the metal piece surface polishing device and method based on the laser shock waves, the bidirectional clamp is driven to rotate through the turning motor, the bottom surface of the polished metal piece is turned over, and the metal piece is rotated to the top of the placing table to be polished through matching with the rotating mounting frame, so that the comprehensive polishing treatment of the metal piece is guaranteed, the production efficiency is effectively improved through automatic operation, and the danger of manual operation is avoided;

3. according to the metal part surface polishing device and method based on the laser shock waves, the metal part is driven to rotate and polish by the rotating placing table, the laser polishing component capable of moving longitudinally and transversely is matched, the laser polishing component is driven to move to the top of the placing table to polish under the action of the switching motor, comprehensive polishing of the metal part is effectively guaranteed, various square or cylindrical metal parts can be processed, the limitation is small, the application range is wider, and the production cost is effectively reduced without purchasing equipment of various models;

4. according to the metal piece surface polishing equipment and method based on the laser shock waves, the mounting frame is driven to rotate through the switching motor, and the mounting frame is limited by being matched with the electric bolt to clamp the clamping groove, so that the stability of the equipment in use is ensured, the load of the switching motor is greatly reduced, the failure rate is effectively reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged; meanwhile, the rotatably arranged mounting frame is matched with a slide rail and a cross beam which are arranged on a rectangular frame at the top end of the mounting frame to realize three-axis adjustment of the laser polishing assembly, the side surface of the rectangular frame at the top end of the mounting frame is connected to the bottom end of the mounting frame through a triangular frame, the bottom end of the rectangular frame is rotatably arranged on the box body through a shaft part, and the triangular frame can avoid polishing workpieces and a bidirectional clamp, so that polishing of workpieces with various sizes is realized;

5. according to the metal piece surface polishing equipment and method based on the laser shock waves, the metal pieces are uniformly conveyed through the conveying belt, and are effectively pushed in and clamped out through the material pushing cylinder and the material clamping cylinder, so that the finished products are conveniently used and collected, the conveying opening is small, a large amount of inert gas in the box body is prevented from overflowing, and the protection of the inert gas on the metal pieces in the polishing process is ensured;

6. according to the metal piece surface polishing equipment and method based on the laser shock waves, automatic metal piece clamping and processing and taking-out are achieved through the circularly rotating feeding disc, the discharging disc, the conveying belt and the bidirectional clamp, uninterrupted circular operation is guaranteed, and working efficiency is improved on the premise that polishing quality is guaranteed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a second perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an internal schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an internal schematic view of the conveying mechanism and the clamping mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the laser generating mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an exploded view of the laser generating mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is an exploded view of the material clamping mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a box body; 201. a feed tray; 202. a discharging tray; 203. a first commutated motor; 204. a placement groove; 301. a transition disk; 302. a conveyor belt; 303. a material pushing cylinder; 304. a material clamping cylinder; 401. a rotating table; 402. a second commutated motor; 403. an electric push rod; 404. turning a motor; 405. a bidirectional clamp; 501. a placing table; 502. a third commutated motor; 503. a long groove; 601. a mounting frame; 602. a slide rail; 603. a cross beam; 604. a rack; 605. a longitudinal movement motor; 606. a gear; 607. a carriage; 608. a driving wheel; 609. a synchronous belt; 610. a lateral motion motor; 611. a laser polishing assembly; 701. switching the motors; 702. a card slot; 703. an electric bolt; 8. an operation platform.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-8, a metal member surface polishing method and a polishing apparatus based on laser shock waves include a case 1 for mounting components to perform polishing process of the metal member; the feeding and discharging mechanism is used for placing a metal piece to be processed and a processed metal piece and performing automatic metal piece rotation in the processing process; the conveying mechanism is connected with the feeding and discharging mechanism and used for conveying the metal piece to be processed and the processed metal piece, placing the metal piece to be processed and taking out the processed metal piece; the clamping mechanism is used for clamping the metal piece to realize polishing treatment and conveying the metal piece, and clamping the metal piece to realize surface changing polishing; the polishing platform is used for placing the metal piece to carry out polishing treatment; the laser generating mechanism is used for emitting laser to polish the metal piece and realizing multi-axis linkage to carry out multi-aspect polishing treatment; the angle switching mechanism is used for switching the angle between the laser generating mechanism and the polishing platform so that the laser generating mechanism is positioned at the top of the polishing platform to polish the top surface of the metal piece; and the operating platform 8 is used for realizing interconnection of the laser generator, the circuit assembly and the computer and inputting a polishing program of a specific metal piece to automatically process the subsequent metal piece.

Furthermore, the feeding and discharging mechanism comprises a feeding disc 201 and a discharging disc 202, the feeding disc 201 and the discharging disc 202 are rotatably connected in the box body 1 and symmetrically arranged, the first reversing motor 203 is arranged at the bottom of the feeding disc 201 and the bottom of the discharging disc 202 to realize rotation, a plurality of placing grooves 204 are formed in the top of the feeding disc 201 and the top of the discharging disc 202, so that metal pieces are placed in the placing grooves 204 of the feeding disc 201, the feeding disc 201 can place a plurality of metal pieces, the metal pieces are effectively limited by the placing grooves 204, the feeding disc 201 can be driven to rotate by the driving of the first reversing motor 203, the rotation of the feeding disc 201 is in regular equal angles, each metal piece can rotate by a fixed angle to move the next metal piece to the clamping position after being clamped, so that the circular conveying of the metal pieces can be realized, and the metal pieces are clamped to be polished in the conveying process, the same material clamping mechanism can place the metalwork in the standing groove 204 of play feed tray 202 after the metalwork polishing is accomplished, goes out feed tray 202 and also is the rotation of angle such as regularly, and then has realized the automatic circulation material loading and the ejection of compact of metalwork, has alleviateed a large amount of labours and has effectively improved production efficiency.

Further, the conveying mechanism comprises a transition disc 301, two transition discs 301 are respectively connected with the feeding disc 201 and the discharging disc 202, a conveying belt 302 is connected to one side of the transition disc 301, a material pushing cylinder 303 and a material clamping cylinder 304 are respectively arranged on one side of the conveying belt 302, the material pushing cylinder 303 is used for pushing metal pieces to be processed on the conveying belt 302 into the feeding disc 201, the material clamping cylinder 304 is used for clamping the metal pieces processed in the discharging disc 202 onto the conveying belt 302, so that the metal pieces are uniformly placed on the conveying belt 302 for conveying during production, the conveying belt 302 can convey the metal pieces at regular intervals and is matched with the feeding disc 201 and the discharging disc 202, the transition disc 301 plays a role in connecting the conveying belt 302 with the feeding disc 201 or the discharging disc 202, when the metal pieces to be processed are conveyed to the feeding disc 201, the cylinder 303 starts to push the metal pieces on the conveying belt 302 into the placing groove 204 of the feeding disc 201, this has just realized the circulation material loading, can place on ejection of compact dish 202 after the metalwork polishing is accomplished, press from both sides the material cylinder 304 and stretch into and press from both sides and get the metalwork and withdraw when removing to conveyer belt 302 department, just the metalwork that will process the completion is pulled out and is carried on conveyer belt 302, then concentrate the collection to the metalwork at the end of conveyer belt 302, and then realized efficient pay-off and off-the-shelf collection, and carry from one side of box 1 through conveyer belt 302, make the opening of box 1 less avoid a large amount of inert gas to spill over and influence polishing effect, guaranteed that the practicality has also improved work efficiency.

Further, the material clamping mechanism comprises a rotating table 401, the rotating table 401 is rotatably connected in the box body 1, the bottom of the rotating table is rotated through a second reversing motor 402, the rotating table 401 is located at the center positions of the material feeding and discharging mechanism and the polishing platform, the top of the rotating table 401 is rotatably connected with an electric push rod 403 and is rotated through a reversing motor 404, a bidirectional clamp 405 is arranged at the end of the electric push rod 403, the bidirectional clamp 405 is used for clamping metal pieces for polishing, the second reversing motor 402 drives the rotating table 401 to rotate to the feeding disc 201, then the electric push rod 403 extends out to enable the bidirectional clamp 405 to be located at two ends of the metal pieces, the bidirectional clamp 405 contracts and clamps the metal pieces, then the electric push rod 403 retracts, the second reversing motor 402 drives the rotating table 401 to rotate to the placing table 501, the electric push rod 403 extends out and then the bidirectional clamp 405 is opened to place the metal pieces on the placing table 501 for polishing, when a metal piece needing comprehensive polishing is machined, the bidirectional clamp 405 clamps the metal piece and enables the electric push rod 403 to withdraw after the top surface and the periphery of the metal piece are completely polished, then the turning motor 404 is started to enable the metal piece to rotate 180 degrees, then the metal piece is placed on the placing table 501 to polish the bottom surface, comprehensive polishing of the metal piece is guaranteed, after the metal piece is polished, the bidirectional clamp 405 clamps the metal piece and places the metal piece on the discharging disc 202 in a similar mode, the rotating table 401 is located at the center positions of the feeding and discharging mechanism and the polishing platform, the fact that the bidirectional clamp 405 can clamp the metal piece and place the metal piece between the feeding and discharging mechanism and the polishing platform is guaranteed, stability and feasibility are further guaranteed, and production efficiency is effectively improved through automatic production.

Further, the polishing platform comprises a placing table 501, the placing table 501 rotates in the box 1, the bottom of the placing table 501 rotates through a third reversing motor 502, one side of the placing table 501 and one side of the placing groove 204 are both provided with a long groove 503 in a penetrating manner, the long groove 503 is used for clamping the metal piece placed on the top of the placing table 501 and the top of the placing groove 204 by the bidirectional clamp 405, so that the placing table 501 is driven by the third reversing motor 502 to rotate to a position capable of effectively and fully polishing the periphery of the metal piece in the polishing process, particularly, the cylindrical metal piece can always enable the laser beam to be perpendicular to the surface of the metal piece for polishing, the polishing quality is ensured, the bidirectional clamp 405 penetrates through the long groove 503 and places or takes out the metal piece, the use is avoided being influenced by mutual collision, when the metal piece is placed on the top of the placing table 501 or the metal piece is taken out from the top of the placing table 501, the placing table 501 resets to ensure that the long groove 503 is aligned to the bidirectional clamp 405, thereby ensuring the stability of taking and placing, and having simple structure and convenient production and manufacture.

Further, the laser generation mechanism comprises an installation frame 601, the top end of the installation frame 601 is a rectangular frame, the side face of the rectangular frame is connected to the bottom end of the installation frame 601 through a triangular frame, the bottom end of the installation frame 601 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the box body 1, sliding rails 602 are arranged on two sides of the installation frame, a cross beam 603 is slidably connected to the sliding rails 602 through sliding blocks, a rack 604 is arranged on one side of the installation frame 601, a longitudinal movement motor 605 is arranged on one side of the cross beam 603, a gear 606 meshed with the rack 604 is arranged on the shaft portion of the longitudinal movement motor 605, and the cross beam 603 can be driven to move up and down along the sliding rails 602 through the gears 606 and the racks 604 which are meshed with each other when the longitudinal movement motor 605 rotates, so that the longitudinal movement of the laser polishing assembly 611 is realized, the upper portion and the lower portion of a metal piece can be effectively and uniformly polished, and the processing quality is guaranteed.

Further, the laser generating mechanism comprises a sliding frame 607, the sliding frame 607 is slidably connected to the beam 603, the beam 603 is hollow and two sides are rotatably connected with driving wheels 608, the two driving wheels 608 are connected through a synchronous belt 609, the top of the driving wheel 608 on one side is provided with a transverse motion motor 610 to rotate, the sliding frame 607 is connected with the synchronous belt 609, the front side of the sliding frame 607 is provided with a laser polishing component 611, so that the driving wheel 608 on one side is driven to rotate when the transverse motion motor 610 rotates, the driving wheel 608 on the other side drives the synchronous belt 609 to move when the driving wheel 608 rotates, because the sliding frame 607 is connected with the synchronous belt 609, the transverse motion of the sliding frame 607 is also realized, the laser polishing component 611 is driven to transversely move to uniformly polish metal pieces, the laser polishing component 611 is not described in detail for the existing structure, and further, the processing quality is ensured to be also suitable for processing metal pieces with various shapes, the limitation is reduced and the application range is wider.

Further, the angle switching mechanism comprises a switching motor 701, the switching motor 701 is arranged on the side wall of the box body 1, the shaft part of the switching motor 701 penetrates through the side wall of the box body 1 and is connected to the mounting frame 601, the shaft part of the other side of the mounting frame 601 penetrates through the side wall of the box body 1, the end part of the shaft part of the other side of the mounting frame 601 is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves 702, electric bolts 703 are arranged on the side wall of the box body 1 and are positioned on two sides of the clamping grooves 702, when the mounting frame 601 is positioned on the side surface and the top surface of the placing table 501, the electric bolts 703 can be inserted into the clamping grooves 702, so that after the periphery of the metal piece is fully polished by the laser polishing assembly 611, the electric bolts 703 are retracted to enable the clamping grooves 702 to be in an undefined state, then the switching motor 701 drives the mounting frame 601 to integrally rotate to the top of the placing table 501, then the electric bolts 703 extend out of the clamping grooves 702 to be restricted, the load of the switching motor 701 is reduced, the stability is also ensured, the same laser generating mechanism moves and the top surface of the metal piece is fully polished, after polishing, the mounting frame 601 returns to the position of the side face again for subsequent polishing, so that the polishing comprehensiveness, uniformity and high efficiency are guaranteed.

The working principle is as follows: when the device is used, redundant air in the box body 1 is pumped out and inert gas is injected, the stability and polishing quality during laser polishing are ensured, the device is started to enable all parts to automatically reset and detect, programs are input into a computer end of an operation table 8 aiming at the metal piece polished at this time after detection is finished, the idle machine is subjected to trial operation after reading is finished, the metal piece is uniformly placed on a conveying belt 302 to be conveyed after the trial operation has no problem, the conveying belt 302 can convey the metal piece regularly and equidistantly and is matched with a feeding disc 201 and a discharging disc 202, a transition disc 301 plays a role in connecting the conveying belt 302 with the feeding disc 201 or the discharging disc 202, when the metal piece to be processed is conveyed to the feeding disc 201, a material pushing cylinder 303 is started to push the metal piece on the conveying belt 302 into a placing groove 204 of the feeding disc 201 at the moment, the feeding disc 201 can place a plurality of metal pieces, and the placing groove 204 can effectively limit the metal piece, the feeding disc 201 can be driven to rotate by the driving of the first reversing motor 203, the feeding disc 201 rotates at regular time and at the same angle, each metal piece is clamped, then the metal piece rotates by a fixed angle to move the next metal piece to the clamping position, and therefore circular conveying of the metal pieces can be achieved.

When clamping a metal piece, the second reversing motor 402 drives the rotating table 401 to rotate to the feeding disc 201, then the electric push rod 403 stretches out to enable the two-way clamp 405 to be located at two ends of the metal piece, the two-way clamp 405 contracts and clamps the metal piece, then the electric push rod 403 retracts, the second reversing motor 402 drives the rotating table 401 to rotate to the placing table 501, the electric push rod 403 stretches out, then the two-way clamp 405 opens to place the metal piece on the placing table 501 to be polished.

Through the gear 606 and the rack 604 which are meshed with each other, the longitudinal movement motor 605 rotates to drive the beam 603 to move up and down along the slide rail 602, the longitudinal movement of the laser polishing component 611 is realized, the driving wheel 608 on one side is driven to rotate when the transverse movement motor 610 rotates, the driving wheel 608 on the other side drives the synchronous belt 609 to move when rotating, because the sliding frame 607 is connected with the synchronous belt 609, the transverse movement of the sliding frame 607 is also realized, the laser polishing component 611 is driven to move up and down, left and right to polish the metal piece uniformly, the placing table 501 is driven to rotate to a position which can effectively polish the periphery of the metal piece through the third reversing motor 502 in the polishing process, particularly, the laser beam can be always perpendicular to the surface of the metal piece to polish the cylindrical metal piece, the polishing quality is ensured, after the periphery of the metal piece is polished sufficiently by the laser polishing component 611, at this moment, the electric bolt 703 is retracted to enable the clamping groove 702 to be in an undefined state, then the switching motor 701 drives the mounting rack 601 to integrally rotate to the top of the placing table 501, then the electric bolt 703 stretches out to clamp the clamping groove 702 to achieve limitation, the load of the switching motor 701 is reduced, the stability is also guaranteed, the laser generating mechanism moves and fully polishes the top surface of the metal piece, when the metal piece needing to be fully polished is machined, the two-way clamp 405 clamps the metal piece after the top surface and the periphery are completely polished and enables the electric push rod 403 to be retracted, then the turning motor 404 is started to enable the metal piece to rotate 180 degrees, then the metal piece is placed on the placing table 501 to be polished on the bottom surface, and after polishing is completed, the mounting rack 601 returns to the position of the side surface again to perform subsequent polishing.

After the metal piece is polished, the two-way clamp 405 clamps the metal piece and places the metal piece on the discharge tray 202 in the same way, the discharge tray 202 rotates along with the processing progress, the clamping cylinder 304 stretches into the metal piece and clamps the metal piece to be withdrawn when the metal piece moves to the conveying belt 302, the processed metal piece is pulled out to the conveying belt 302 to be conveyed, and the metal piece is collected at the end of the conveying belt 302 in a centralized manner.

A metal piece surface polishing method based on laser shock waves comprises the following steps:

s1: the opening device enables all the parts to automatically reset and detect;

s2: inputting a program to a computer end of an operation table 8 aiming at the metal piece polished at this time, and performing trial operation on an empty machine after reading is completed;

s3: uniformly placing the metal piece to be processed on a conveyer belt 302 for conveying;

s4: pushing the metal piece into the feeding disc 201 through the conveying mechanism and conveying the metal piece;

s5: clamping the metal piece to a polishing platform through a material clamping mechanism and performing polishing treatment according to a polishing program;

s6: after polishing, the clamping mechanism places the metal piece on the discharge disc 202 for conveying;

s7: the metal pieces on the discharging tray 202 are clamped onto the conveying belt 302 by the conveying mechanism for conveying and stacking.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. A metal part surface polishing device based on laser shock waves is characterized by comprising:

the box body (1) is used for installing each part to carry out polishing treatment on metal parts;

the feeding and discharging mechanism is used for placing a metal piece to be processed and a processed metal piece and performing automatic metal piece rotation in the processing process;

the conveying mechanism is connected with the feeding and discharging mechanism and used for conveying the metal piece to be processed and the processed metal piece, placing the metal piece to be processed and taking out the processed metal piece;

the clamping mechanism is used for clamping the metal piece to realize polishing treatment and conveying the metal piece, and clamping the metal piece to realize surface changing and polishing;

the polishing platform is used for placing a metal piece for polishing treatment;

the laser generating mechanism is used for emitting laser to polish the metal piece and realizing multi-axis linkage to carry out multi-aspect polishing treatment;

the angle switching mechanism is used for switching the angle between the laser generating mechanism and the polishing platform so that the laser generating mechanism is positioned at the top of the polishing platform to polish the top surface of the metal piece;

the operation table (8) is used for realizing interconnection of the laser generator, the circuit assembly and the computer and inputting a polishing program of a specific metal piece to automatically process the subsequent metal piece;

the feeding and discharging mechanism comprises a feeding disc (201) and a discharging disc (202), the feeding disc (201) and the discharging disc (202) are rotatably connected in the box body (1) and symmetrically arranged, first reversing motors (203) are arranged at the bottoms of the feeding disc (201) and the discharging disc (202) to realize rotation, and a plurality of placing grooves (204) are circumferentially arranged at the tops of the feeding disc (201) and the discharging disc (202);

the conveying mechanism comprises two transition discs (301), the two transition discs (301) are respectively connected with a feeding disc (201) and a discharging disc (202), one side of each transition disc (301) is connected with a conveying belt (302), one side of each conveying belt (302) is respectively provided with a material pushing cylinder (303) and a material clamping cylinder (304), the material pushing cylinders (303) are used for pushing metal pieces to be processed on the conveying belts (302) into the feeding discs (201), and the material clamping cylinders (304) are used for clamping the metal pieces processed in the discharging discs (202) onto the conveying belts (302);

the material clamping mechanism comprises a rotating table (401), the rotating table (401) is rotatably connected in the box body (1), the bottom of the rotating table (401) is rotated through a second reversing motor (402), the rotating table (401) is located at the center positions of the material feeding and discharging mechanism and the polishing platform, the top of the rotating table (401) is rotatably connected with an electric push rod (403) and rotated through a reversing motor (404), a bidirectional clamp (405) is arranged at the end part of the electric push rod (403), and the bidirectional clamp (405) is used for clamping a metal piece to perform polishing processing;

the polishing platform comprises a placing table (501), the placing table (501) rotates in the box body (1), the bottom of the placing table (501) rotates through a third reversing motor (502), one side of the placing table (501) and one side of the placing groove (204) are both provided with a long groove (503) in a penetrating mode, the two-way clamp (405) clamps the metal piece through the long groove (503), and the metal piece is placed on the top of the placing table (501) or the placing groove (204).

2. The metal piece surface polishing device based on the laser shock wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: mechanism takes place for laser includes mounting bracket (601), mounting bracket (601) top is rectangular frame, the rectangular frame side is connected to mounting bracket (601) bottom through triangular frame, mounting bracket (601) bottom is rotated and is connected in box (1) lateral wall, and both sides parallel arrangement has slide rail (602), there is crossbeam (603) through slider sliding connection on slide rail (602), mounting bracket (601) one side is provided with rack (604), crossbeam (603) one side is provided with longitudinal motion motor (605), longitudinal motion motor (605) axial region is provided with gear (606) with rack (604) engaged with.

3. The metal piece surface polishing device based on the laser shock wave as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the laser generation mechanism comprises a sliding frame (607), the sliding frame (607) is connected to the beam (603) in a sliding mode, the hollow beam (603) is connected with driving wheels (608) in a rotating mode on two sides, the two driving wheels (608) are connected through a synchronous belt (609), a transverse movement motor (610) is arranged at the top of one side driving wheel (608) to achieve rotation, the sliding frame (607) is connected with the synchronous belt (609), and a laser polishing assembly (611) is arranged on the front side of the sliding frame (607).

4. The metal piece surface polishing device based on the laser shock wave as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the angle switching mechanism comprises a switching motor (701), the switching motor (701) is arranged on the side wall of the box body (1) and the shaft portion penetrates through the side wall to be connected to the bottom end of the mounting frame (601), the shaft portion of the other side of the mounting frame (601) penetrates through the side wall of the box body (1) and the end portion of the side wall of the box body (1) to be provided with a plurality of clamping grooves (702), the side wall of the box body (1) is located on two sides of each clamping groove (702) to be provided with an electric bolt (703), and the electric bolts (703) can be inserted into the clamping grooves (702) when the mounting frame (601) is located on the side surface and the top surface of the placing table (501).

5. A metal piece surface polishing method based on laser shock waves is applied to the metal piece surface polishing device based on the laser shock waves according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: the opening device enables all the parts to automatically reset and detect;

s2: inputting a program to a computer end of an operation table (8) aiming at the metal piece polished at this time, and performing trial operation on an empty machine after reading is completed;

s3: uniformly placing metal pieces to be processed on a conveying belt (302) for conveying;

s4: pushing the metal piece into a feeding disc (201) through a conveying mechanism and conveying the metal piece;

s5: clamping the metal piece to a polishing platform through a material clamping mechanism and performing polishing treatment according to a polishing program;

s6: after polishing, the clamping mechanism places the metal piece on a discharge disc (202) for conveying;

s7: the metal pieces on the discharging tray (202) are clamped on a conveyer belt (302) through a conveying mechanism to be conveyed and stacked.

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