CN114514198B - 小晶体ssz-27、其合成和用途 - Google Patents
小晶体ssz-27、其合成和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114514198B CN114514198B CN202080070133.XA CN202080070133A CN114514198B CN 114514198 B CN114514198 B CN 114514198B CN 202080070133 A CN202080070133 A CN 202080070133A CN 114514198 B CN114514198 B CN 114514198B
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- molecular sieve
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims description 41
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 19
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 17
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 hydroxide ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000001144 powder X-ray diffraction data Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical group [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NC([O-])=O BVCZEBOGSOYJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYKSRAECRPMIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;hydrazine Chemical compound N.NN KWYKSRAECRPMIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid monoamide Natural products NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012084 conversion product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- VSHDHKDWBUMJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodo hypoiodite Chemical compound IOI VSHDHKDWBUMJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001960 metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001350 scanning transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B39/00—Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
- C01B39/02—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
- C01B39/46—Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition
- C01B39/48—Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition using at least one organic template directing agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
- B01J20/18—Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
- B01J20/186—Chemical treatments in view of modifying the properties of the sieve, e.g. increasing the stability or the activity, also decreasing the activity
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/305—Addition of material, later completely removed, e.g. as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing, e.g. for forming pores
- B01J20/3057—Use of a templating or imprinting material ; filling pores of a substrate or matrix followed by the removal of the substrate or matrix
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
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- B01J20/3085—Chemical treatments not covered by groups B01J20/3007 - B01J20/3078
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0018—Addition of a binding agent or of material, later completely removed among others as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing,(e.g. forming of pores; protective layer, desintegrating by heat)
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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- B01J37/04—Mixing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
- B01J37/10—Heat treatment in the presence of water, e.g. steam
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B39/00—Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
- C01B39/02—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
- C01B39/026—After-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
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- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/60—Compounds characterised by their crystallite size
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2529/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- C07C2529/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, pillared clays
- C07C2529/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- C07C2529/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups C07C2529/08 - C07C2529/65
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本公开涉及SSZ‑27分子筛材料的小晶型、其制备方法和用途。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2019年10月2日提交的美国临时申请序列号62/909,609的优先权和权益。
技术领域
本公开涉及指定为SSZ-27的分子筛材料、制备此类材料的方法以及这些材料的用途。
背景技术
分子筛SSZ-27的组成和表征X射线衍射图公开于美国专利号9,586,829中,所述专利还描述了使用已知产生分子筛SSZ-26的结构导向剂(SDA)的异构体中的一种合成分子筛,即一种含有大孔和中孔两者的材料。
SSZ-27的框架结构可以描述为两种类型的腔体的组合,其中一种腔体是心形的。腔体通过共享的8环窗口连接,以创建成对连接在一起的直通道,形成一维通道系统。所述心形腔体由50个T原子([8261051046])组成,并且具有两个具有约的自由尺寸的8环窗口,所述窗口由42个T原子([846846])的较小腔体共享。每个42T腔体将四个心形腔体连接在一起。心形腔体可以看作大侧缝直袋,这意味着尽管是小孔沸石,但SSZ-27的内部体积相对较大。
SSZ-27反应混合物的常规结晶会产生1至5μm尺寸范围内的大晶体。此类大晶体固有地具有较慢的扩散。对于扩散性至关重要的分离和化学反应而言,具有较小晶体尺寸可提供较短扩散路径,且因此可增强传质,从而改善所需的反应路径,而对此类反应的选择性和转化率产生积极影响。
根据本公开,已经发现SSZ-27的小晶型可以通过使用syn,syn-N,N,N,N',N',N’-六甲基[4.3.3.0]螺桨烷-8,11-二铵阳离子进行沸石间转化(即,将一种沸石结构转变为另一种沸石结构)来产生。
发明内容
在第一方面中,提供了具有不超过500nm的平均晶体尺寸的SSZ-27框架结构的分子筛。
在第二方面中,提供了具有不超过500nm的平均晶体尺寸的SSZ-27框架结构的分子筛,所述分子筛在其孔中包含syn,syn-N,N,N,N',N',N'-六甲基[4.3.3.0]螺桨烷-8,11-二铵阳离子。
在第三方面中,提供了一种合成具有不超过500nm的平均晶体尺寸的SSZ-27框架结构的分子筛的方法,所述方法包括:(a)提供反应混合物,其包含:(1)FAU框架型沸石;(2)第1族或第2族金属(M)源;(3)结构导向剂,其包含syn,syn-N,N,N,N',N',N'-六甲基[4.3.3.0]螺桨烷-8,11-二铵阳离子(Q);(4)氢氧根离子源;和(5)水;以及(b)使所述反应混合物经受足以形成SSZ-27框架结构的分子筛晶体的结晶条件。
在第四方面中,提供了一种用于分离至少两种组分的方法,所述方法包括使所述至少两种组分与具有不超过500nm的平均晶体尺寸的SSZ-27框架结构的分子筛接触以生成至少一种分离的组分。
在第五方面中,提供了一种用于使包含有机化合物的原料转化为转化产物的方法,所述方法包括使所述原料在有机化合物转化条件下与包含具有不超过500nm的平均晶体尺寸的SSZ-27框架结构的分子筛的催化剂接触。
在第六方面中,提供了用于处理废气的方法,所述方法包括使含有氮氧化物(NOx)和/或NH3的燃烧废气与包含具有不超过500nm的平均晶体尺寸的SSZ-27框架结构的分子筛的催化剂接触以选择性地还原至少一部分所述NOx成N2和H2O且/或氧化至少一部分所述NH3。
附图说明
图1(a)示出了实施例2的合成时的SSZ-27产物的粉末X射线衍射(XRD)图。
图1(b)示出了根据美国专利号9,586,829制备的常规合成时的SSZ-27的粉末XRD图。
图2(a)示出了实施例2的合成时的SSZ-27产物的扫描电子显微照片(SEM)图像。
图2(b)示出了根据美国专利号9,586,829制备的常规合成时的SSZ-27的SEM图像。
具体实施方式
定义
如本文所用的术语“框架型”具有在“Atlas of Zeolite Framework Types,”byCh.Baerlocher,L.B.McCusker和D.H.Olson(Elsevier,第六修订版,2007)中所描述的含义。
术语“合成时的”在本文中用于指代处于其在结晶之后、在移除结构导向剂之前形式的分子筛。
术语“无水”在本文中用于指代基本上不含物理吸附的水和化学吸附的水两者的分子筛。
如本文所用,元素周期表族的编号方案如在Chem.Eng.News1985,63(5),26-27中所公开。
分子筛的合成
分子筛SSZ-27的小晶型可以通过以下来合成:(a)提供反应混合物,其包含:(1)FAU框架型沸石;(2)第1族或第2族金属(M)源;(3)结构导向剂,其包含syn,syn-N,N,N,N',N',N'-六甲基[4.3.3.0]螺桨烷-8,11-二铵阳离子(Q);(4)氢氧根离子源;和(5)水;以及(b)使所述反应混合物经受足以形成SSZ-27框架结构的分子筛晶体的结晶条件。
所述反应混合物可具有以摩尔比计在表1所列范围内的组成:
表1
反应物 | 最大范围 | 次级范围 |
SiO2/Al2O3 | 20至100 | 20至80 |
M/SiO2 | 0.05至0.50 | 0.15至0.30 |
Q/SiO2 | 0.10至0.40 | 0.10至0.30 |
OH/SiO2 | 0.25至0.60 | 0.25至0.50 |
H2O/SiO2 | 10至60 | 20至50 |
其中M是第1族或第2族金属;且Q包含syn,syn-N,N,N,N',N',N'-六甲基[4.3.3.0]螺桨烷-8,11-二铵阳离子。
FAU框架型沸石可包含两种或更多种沸石。所述两种或更多种沸石可具有不同的二氧化硅与氧化铝的比率。不同的沸石Y就是这样的实例。FAU框架型沸石可用作反应混合物中硅和铝的唯一或主要来源。
可以使用可以是不损害结晶方法的任何含M化合物的第1族或第2族金属(M)。第1族或第2族金属可以是钠或钾。第1族或第2族金属的来源可以包括金属氢氧化物、金属氧化物、金属卤化物、金属硫酸盐、金属硝酸盐和金属羧酸盐。如此处所用,短语“第1族或第2族金属”不意指第1族金属和第2族金属替代使用,而是意指一种或多种第1族金属可以单独使用或与一种或多种第2族金属组合使用且一种或多种第2族金属可以单独使用或与一种或多种第1族金属组合使用。
在制备本发明的分子筛时,所述结构导向剂包含由以下结构(1)表示的syn,syn-N,N,N,N',N',N'-六甲基[4.3.3.0]螺桨烷-8,11-二铵阳离子(Q):
Q的合适来源是季铵化合物的氢氧化物和/或其他盐。
所述反应混合物还可以含有分子筛材料(诸如来自先前合成的SSZ-27)的晶种,其量理想地按反应混合物的重量计为0.01至10,000ppm(例如,按重量计为100至5000ppm)。结晶种可有利于减少发生完全结晶所需的时间。此外,结晶种可导致通过在任何不希望的相上促进SSZ-27的成核和/或形成而获得的产物纯度增加。
应注意,反应混合物组分可以由超过一种来源提供。此外,两种或更多种反应组分可以由一种来源提供。反应混合物可以分批或连续制备。
上述反应混合物中所需分子筛的结晶可以在静态、翻滚或搅拌条件下、在合适的反应器容器(诸如像聚丙烯罐或聚四氟乙烯内衬或不锈钢高压釜)中、在高于160℃至200℃(例如,165℃至185℃)的温度下持续足以在所用温度下发生结晶的时间(例如,约1至14天)来进行。需要高于160℃的结晶温度以有利于SSZ-27而不是SSZ-26的形成。结晶通常在高压釜中进行,从而使得反应混合物经受自生压力。
一旦形成所需的分子筛晶体,就可以通过标准机械分离技术诸如离心或过滤将固体产物从反应混合物中分离出来。将回收的晶体水洗,然后干燥数秒至几分钟(例如,5秒至10分钟以快速干燥)或数小时(例如,4至24小时,烘箱干燥,在75℃至150℃下)以得到合成时的分子筛晶体。干燥步骤可以在大气压下或真空下进行。
作为结晶方法的结果,回收的结晶分子筛产物在其孔内含有至少一部分用于其合成的结构导向剂。
所述合成时的分子筛可经受后续处理以移除部分或全部用于其合成的结构导向剂。可以使用热处理(例如,煅烧)进行结构导向剂的移除,其中将合成时的材料在选自空气、氮气或其混合物的气氛中在足以移除部分或全部结构导向剂的温度下加热。热处理可以在高达700℃(例如,400℃至700℃)的温度下进行至少一分钟且通常不长于20小时(例如,1至12小时或3至8小时)。尽管热处理可以使用低于大气压的压力,但大气压出于方便的原因是理想的。另外地或替代地,结构导向剂可以通过用臭氧处理来移除。
分子筛中的任何框架外第1族或第2族金属阳离子可以根据本领域熟知的技术(例如,通过离子交换)用氢、铵或任何所需的金属阳离子替代。
分子筛的表征
本发明的SSZ-27分子筛以其合成时的且无水形式具有以摩尔比计在表2所列范围内的化学组成:
表2
最大范围 | 次级范围 | |
SiO2/Al2O3 | 20至80 | 20至35 |
Q/SiO2 | >0至0.1 | >0至0.1 |
M/SiO2 | >0至0.1 | >0至0.1 |
其中Q包含syn,syn-N,N,N,N',N',N'-六甲基[4.3.3.0]螺桨烷-8,11-二铵阳离子;且M为第1族或第2族金属。
本公开的SSZ-27晶体优选地可各自独立地具有不超过约500nm、不超过约250nm或不超过约150nm的平均晶体尺寸。另外地或替代地,本公开的SSZ-27晶体可具有25至500nm(例如,25至250nm、25至125nm、50至500nm或50至250nm)范围内的平均晶体尺寸。根据美国专利号9,586,830制备的常规SSZ-27通常具有至少1μm(例如,1至5μm)的平均晶体尺寸。
所述晶体尺寸基于单个晶体(包括孪晶),但不包括晶体的聚集体。晶体尺寸是三维晶体的最长对角线长度。晶体尺寸的直接测量可以使用显微术方法诸如SEM和TEM来进行。例如,通过SEM进行测量涉及在高放大倍率(通常为1000至50,000倍)下检查材料的形态。SEM方法可以通过以下来进行:将分子筛粉末的代表性部分分布在合适的底座上,使得单个颗粒合理均匀地分布在1000倍至50,000倍放大倍率下的整个视场中。从此群体中,检查统计学上显著的随机单个晶体(例如,50-200个)样品,并且测量并记录单个晶体的最长对角线。明显是大的多晶聚集体的颗粒不应包括在测量内。基于这些测量值,计算样品晶体尺寸的算术平均值。平均晶体尺寸也可以通过X射线衍射使用Scherrer方程来测定。
如美国专利号9,586,829所教导的,分子筛SSZ-27具有粉末X射线衍射图,其以其合成时的形式至少包括下表3中所列的峰,并且其以其煅烧的形式至少包括表4中所列的峰。
表3合成时的SSZ-27的特征峰
2-θ(a) | d-间距,nm | 相对强度(b) |
7.57 | 1.167 | W |
8.62 | 1.025 | W |
9.35 | 0.946 | M |
9.83 | 0.900 | W |
13.55 | 0.653 | W |
14.80 | 0.598 | W |
15.27 | 0.580 | W |
16.25 | 0.545 | W |
17.72 | 0.500 | W |
19.76 | 0.449 | M |
20.50 | 0.433 | W |
21.08 | 0.421 | S |
21.30 | 0.417 | M |
21.93 | 0.405 | S |
22.95 | 0.387 | VS |
(a)±0.20
(b)本文提供的粉末XRD图基于相对强度等级,其中XRD图中最强的线被指定为100的值:W=弱(>0至<20);M=中等(≥20至≤40);S=强(>40至≤60);以及VS=非常强(>60至≤100)。
表4
煅烧的SSZ-27的特征峰
2-θ(a) | d-间距,nm | 相对强度 |
7.50 | 1.177 | W |
8.65 | 1.021 | W |
9.47 | 0.933 | VS |
9.94 | 0.889 | M |
13.47 | 0.657 | M |
14.86 | 0.596 | M |
16.07 | 0.551 | W |
16.37 | 0.541 | W |
17.92 | 0.495 | W |
19.92 | 0.445 | W |
20.66 | 0.430 | W |
21.14 | 0.420 | W |
21.34 | 0.416 | W |
22.07 | 0.402 | M |
23.17 | 0.384 | M |
(a)±0.20
如本文所述制备的小晶体SSZ-27以其合成时的或煅烧的形式可具有与图1(a)中所示基本相同的特征X射线粉末衍射图。众所周知,沸石的粉末X射线衍射图中的某些线会随着沸石晶体的相关尺寸减小而趋于变宽,因此相邻线可开始重叠,并且从而表现为仅可部分分辨的峰或不可分辨的宽峰。
本文呈现的粉末X射线衍射图是通过标准技术收集的。辐射为CuKα辐射。峰高和位置作为2θ的函数(其中θ是布拉格角)根据峰的相对强度(根据背景调整)来读取,并且可以计算对应于记录的线的面间间距d。
工业适用性
本发明的SSZ-27分子筛可用于分离分子物种的混合物、通过离子交换移除污染物以及催化各种有机转化方法。分子物种的分离可以基于分子尺寸(动力学直径)或分子物种的极性程度。分离方法可包括使至少两种组分与SSZ-27分子筛接触以生成至少一种分离的组分。
本发明的SSZ-27分子筛可适用于在烃类(例如,甲烷、乙烷、乙烯和它们的组合)存在下,在含有这些气体的气流中用作CO2的选择性吸附剂,作为粉末或颗粒形式的吸附剂或者膜形式的吸附剂。SSZ-27分子筛可适用于吸附方法中分离含有这些气体的1或2个碳原子的烃,作为粉末或颗粒形式的吸附剂或者膜形式的吸附剂。例如,SSZ-27可用作在乙烷存在下乙烯的选择性吸附剂。SSZ-27分子筛也可用作在甲烷存在下乙烯的选择性吸附剂。
本发明的SSZ-27分子筛可用作催化剂来催化多种有机化合物转化方法。可由本文所述的SSZ-27分子筛催化的有机转化方法的实例可包括在低温下用CO将含氧化合物转化为烯烃、胺化低级醇和羰基化二甲醚。甲醇是用于合成乙烯和/或丙烯的特别优选的含氧化合物。
本发明的SSZ-27分子筛或含金属的SSZ-27可以促进还原剂(例如,NH3)与氮氧化物(NOx)的反应以选择性地形成元素氮(N2)和水(H2O)。因此,催化剂可经配制以有利于用还原剂(即,SCR催化剂)还原氮氧化物。此种还原剂的实例包括烃类(例如,C3-C6烃)和含氮还原剂诸如氨和氨肼或任何合适的氨前体诸如尿素、碳酸铵、氨基甲酸铵、碳酸氢铵或甲酸铵。
本发明的SSZ-27分子筛或含金属的SSZ-27也可促进氨的氧化。SSZ-27可含有被浸渍到分子筛中的一种或多种金属离子,诸如铜或铁。催化剂可经配制以有利于氨用氧气的氧化,特别是在通常在SCR催化剂(例如,氨氧化(AMOX)催化剂,诸如氨逃逸催化剂(ASC))下游遇到的氨浓度下。
实施例
以下说明性实施例不旨在限制。
实施例1
结构导向剂的合成
N,N,N,N’,N’,N’-六甲基[4.3.3.0]螺桨烷-8,11-二碘化二铵的异构体混合物如美国专利号4,910,006中所述制备。所需的异构体产物syn,syn-N,N,N,N’,N’,N’-六甲基[4.3.3.0]螺桨烷-8,11-二碘化二铵通过从加温的乙腈和水(13/1v/v)中选择性重结晶(如由S.Smeets等人(Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2019,58,2-9)所述)直至产物根据1H NMR光谱视为纯品而分离。
然后将二碘化物盐溶解在去离子水中并且与过量的BIO-RAD 1-X8氢氧化物离子交换树脂一起搅拌过夜。过滤树脂,并且通过用稀HCl滴定分析滤液的氢氧化物含量。
实施例2
小晶体SSZ-27的合成
通过在23-mL钢制Parr高压釜的聚四氟乙烯内衬中将0.5毫摩尔的syn,syn-N,N,N,N’,N’,N’-六甲基[4.3.3.0]螺桨烷-8,11-二氢氧化二铵(基于氢氧化物贡献)混合在0.58g的含有1g 1N NaOH、1g去离子水和0.36g CBV720 Y-沸石粉末(ZeolystInternational;SiO2/Al2O3摩尔比=30)的溶液中来制备悬浮液。然后盖上内衬,密封在23-mL高压釜内,并且在对流烘箱内在170℃下在翻滚条件(约43rpm)下加热7-10天。然后将固体通过离心分离,用去离子水洗涤,并且在烘箱中在95℃下干燥。
通过粉末XRD和SEM分析所得的合成时的产物。
产物的粉末XRD图示出在图1(a)中并且表明产物的晶体尺寸显著减小,如根据粉末XRD图中峰展宽所推断。为了进行比较,根据美国专利号9,586,829制备的常规合成时的SSZ-27的粉末XRD图示出在图1(b)中。
产物的SEM图像提供在图2(a)中并且示出晶体为具有小于500nm的晶体尺寸的小初级微晶形式。为了进行比较,根据美国专利号9,586,829制备的常规合成时的SSZ-27的SEM图像提供在图2(b)中并且示出晶体具有大于1μm的晶体尺寸。
如由电感耦合等离子体(ICP)元素分析所测定,合成时的产物具有以下元素组成:
Si=34.0%;Al=2.27%;Na=0.266%。
Claims (4)
1.一种合成SSZ-27框架结构的分子筛的方法,所述分子筛包含具有500nm或更小平均晶体尺寸的晶体,所述分子筛表现出与下图相同的粉末X射线衍射图:
所述方法包括:
(a)提供反应混合物,其包含:
(1)FAU框架型沸石;
(2)第1族或第2族金属(M)源;
(3)结构导向剂,其包含syn,syn-N,N,N,N',N',N'-六甲基[4.3.3.0]螺桨烷-8,11-二铵阳离子(Q);
(4)氢氧根离子源;和
(5)水;以及
(b)使所述反应混合物经受足以形成SSZ-27框架结构的分子筛晶体的结晶条件;
其中所述反应混合物具有以摩尔比计如下的组成:
和其中所述FAU框架型沸石是所述反应混合物中二氧化硅和铝的唯一来源。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述反应混合物具有以摩尔比计如下的组成:
。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述FAU框架型沸石是Y沸石。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述结晶条件包括大于160℃且不高于200℃范围内的温度。
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US201962909609P | 2019-10-02 | 2019-10-02 | |
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PCT/IB2020/057717 WO2021064483A1 (en) | 2019-10-02 | 2020-08-17 | Small crystal ssz-27, its synthesis and use |
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EP (1) | EP4037827A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP7417716B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20220069991A (zh) |
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CN107512724A (zh) * | 2017-09-24 | 2017-12-26 | 刘庆玉 | 一种用于脱除气体混合物中co2的全硅分子筛 |
CN107683256A (zh) * | 2015-05-21 | 2018-02-09 | 雪佛龙美国公司 | 分子筛ssz‑27及其合成 |
CN109071245A (zh) * | 2016-02-01 | 2018-12-21 | 优美科股份公司及两合公司 | 用于直接合成含铁的aei-沸石催化剂的方法 |
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US4910006A (en) | 1988-03-23 | 1990-03-20 | Chevron Research Company | Zeolite SSZ-26 |
US9586830B2 (en) | 2015-05-21 | 2017-03-07 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Method for making molecular sieve SSZ-27 |
US9586829B2 (en) | 2015-05-21 | 2017-03-07 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Molecular sieve SSZ-27 |
WO2016186761A1 (en) | 2015-05-21 | 2016-11-24 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Processes using molecular sieve ssz-27 |
US10189717B2 (en) | 2016-09-01 | 2019-01-29 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Synthesis of aluminosilicate zeolite SSZ-26 via interzeolite transformation |
-
2020
- 2020-08-17 US US16/994,788 patent/US10836644B1/en active Active
- 2020-08-17 CN CN202080070133.XA patent/CN114514198B/zh active Active
- 2020-08-17 WO PCT/IB2020/057717 patent/WO2021064483A1/en unknown
- 2020-08-17 JP JP2022520495A patent/JP7417716B2/ja active Active
- 2020-08-17 EP EP20765358.5A patent/EP4037827A1/en active Pending
- 2020-08-17 KR KR1020227013502A patent/KR20220069991A/ko unknown
Patent Citations (4)
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BE892641A (fr) * | 1981-03-30 | 1982-07-16 | Atlantic Richfield Co | Composition vitreuse, procede pour la fabriquer et produits qui en sont faits |
CN107683256A (zh) * | 2015-05-21 | 2018-02-09 | 雪佛龙美国公司 | 分子筛ssz‑27及其合成 |
CN109071245A (zh) * | 2016-02-01 | 2018-12-21 | 优美科股份公司及两合公司 | 用于直接合成含铁的aei-沸石催化剂的方法 |
CN107512724A (zh) * | 2017-09-24 | 2017-12-26 | 刘庆玉 | 一种用于脱除气体混合物中co2的全硅分子筛 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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"SSZ-27: A Small-Pore Zeolite with Large Heart-Shaped Cavities Determined by Using Multi-crystal Electron Diffraction";Stef Smeets, et al.;《Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.》;第13080-13086页 * |
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JP7417716B2 (ja) | 2024-01-18 |
WO2021064483A1 (en) | 2021-04-08 |
JP2023509265A (ja) | 2023-03-08 |
US10836644B1 (en) | 2020-11-17 |
CN114514198A (zh) | 2022-05-17 |
EP4037827A1 (en) | 2022-08-10 |
KR20220069991A (ko) | 2022-05-27 |
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