CN114468165A - Concentrated feed containing formic acid acidifier for nursery pigs and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Concentrated feed containing formic acid acidifier for nursery pigs and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114468165A CN114468165A CN202210209258.7A CN202210209258A CN114468165A CN 114468165 A CN114468165 A CN 114468165A CN 202210209258 A CN202210209258 A CN 202210209258A CN 114468165 A CN114468165 A CN 114468165A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- formic acid
- acid
- nursery
- concentrated feed
- meal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000002535 acidifier Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
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- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008621 organismal health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000021395 porridge Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021391 short chain fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/111—Aromatic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a concentrated feed containing formic acid acidifier for nursery pigs, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 62-65% of soybean meal, 12-15% of fermented soybean meal, 4-6% of calcium hydrophosphate, 3-7% of premix, 3-5% of rice bran meal, 1-3% of fish meal, 1-3% of stone powder, 1-2% of salt, 0.5-1.5% of soybean oil, 0.5-1.5% of benzoic acid, 0.2-0.6% of formic acid acidifier and 0.1-0.3% of choline chloride. The compound use of formic acid acidifier and benzoic acid and the nursery pig concentrated feed that cooperates other raw materials to prepare can show the food consumption and the daily gain that increase the nursery pig, reduce the material meat ratio, and the nursery pig excrement and urine shaping degree is good, and the diarrhea incidence and the streptococcus morbidity reduce, have improved the breed income.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feeds, in particular to a concentrated feed containing formic acid acidifier for nursery pigs and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Since the 20 th century, antibiotics have played a positive role as growth promoting additives under the influence of the breeding mode of China. The antibiotic has obvious effects on improving the production level of animals, reducing the morbidity, inhibiting or killing pathogenic microorganisms, maintaining the balance of intestinal microorganisms, reducing diarrhea and promoting growth, and is a high-efficiency and reliable additive. However, the long-term use of antibiotics in large quantities leads to the development of drug resistance and drug residues by pathogenic microorganisms, which threatens the quality of animal products and public health. Since 7/1/2020, the addition of medicinal feed additives (except Chinese herbal medicines) to the diet is required by the national ministry of agriculture and rural public notice No. 194. With the advent of feed resistance prohibition, culture resistance reduction and product resistance-free, the antibiotic feed additive will withdraw from commercial feed, and it is necessary to find or develop an eco-friendly antibiotic substitute.
The acidifier is generally based on a carrier, does not react with nutrient substances in the feed, can improve the gastrointestinal environment of animals, and is a novel feed additive which is recognized by people and has no residue and no pollution. There are 3 classes of substances currently produced for use as feed acidifiers: organic acids, inorganic acids, and complex acids. Organic acids are classified into short-chain fatty acids, medium-chain fatty acids, and long-chain fatty acids according to the number of carbon atoms. The short chain fatty acid has less than 6 carbon atoms, and is mainly formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, etc. The medium-chain fatty acid contains 6-12 carbon atoms and comprises caprylic acid (C8), capric acid (C10) and lauric acid (C12). The long chain fatty acid has carbon number greater than 12, and comprises myristic acid (C14), palmitic acid (C16), stearic acid oil and linoleic acid (C18). The organic acids with antibacterial effect are mainly short chain fatty acid and medium chain fatty acid.
The small molecular compound organic acid can effectively inhibit the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria, especially escherichia coli, salmonella, campylobacter and the like, and can reduce the generation of ammonia and harmful microorganism metabolites, thereby improving the utilization rate of protein and energy and achieving the effects of inhibiting bacteria and promoting growth. Benzoic acid is the simplest aromatic acid with carboxyl groups directly linked to the carbon atoms of the benzene ring, and has recently begun to be used in the feed farming industry. Benzoic acid can be completely metabolized and discharged out of the body within 24 hours after being taken in, cannot cause accumulation in the body, and is paid more and more attention by researchers due to the unique bacteriostatic effect. The nursery pig is easy to cause the problems of diarrhea, poor digestion and absorption of feed, low survival rate, slow growth and the like due to the particularity of the physiological stage and the growth environment of the nursery pig, and severe pigs are retarded in growth and development and even form runt pigs. In view of the above, the present invention specifically provides a concentrated feed containing a formic acid type acidifying agent for nursery pigs and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the concentrated feed containing the formic acid acidifier for the nursery pig and the preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a concentrated feed containing formic acid acidifier for nursery pigs, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 62-65% of soybean meal, 12-15% of fermented soybean meal, 4-6% of calcium hydrophosphate, 3-7% of premix, 3-5% of rice bran meal, 1-3% of fish meal, 1-3% of stone powder, 1-2% of salt, 0.5-1.5% of soybean oil, 0.5-1.5% of benzoic acid, 0.2-0.6% of formic acid acidifier and 0.1-0.3% of choline chloride.
By adopting the scheme, the soybean meal is rich in protein and various amino acids, and is very favorable for the growth of nursery pigs; after the fermented soybean meal is subjected to fermentation treatment, not only are anti-nutritional factors in the soybean meal removed, but also the content of small peptides is increased, and substances such as lactic acid and the like are contained, so that digestion and absorption of nursery pigs are facilitated; because the cost of the fermented soybean meal is higher than that of the soybean meal, 12-15% of the fermented soybean meal is added, so that the digestion and absorption of nursery pigs are facilitated, and the overhigh cost of the feed can be avoided;
calcium hydrogen phosphate can provide phosphorus element to meet the requirement of nursery pig on phosphorus; the premix can provide nutrient substances for the intestinal tract and the organism of the nursery pig, and is beneficial to the healthy growth of the nursery pig; the rice bran meal is rich in cellulose and vitamins, has good palatability and no side effect, is low in price, and can reduce the cost of the feed by adding part of the rice bran meal;
the fish meal contains animal protein, can make up the deficiency of vegetable protein in bean pulp, fermented bean pulp and other components, contains rich essential amino acid, energy, mineral substances, vitamins and important fatty acid, can promote the growth of nursery pigs, can improve the utilization rate of feed, has relatively high price, and therefore has proper addition amount in the feed; the stone powder can provide calcium element to meet the requirement of the nursery pig on calcium;
sodium and chlorine are indispensable components for healthy growth of nursery pigs, if the supply of sodium element is insufficient, the absorption of protein in feed can be influenced, the growth speed of the nursery pigs is reduced, pica and other conditions are easy to occur, the immunity is also reduced, the table salt can provide sodium and chlorine, saliva secretion of the nursery pigs is promoted, the activity of digestive enzyme is improved, and the appetite is promoted, so that the growth of the nursery pigs is facilitated, and the immunity of the nursery pigs can be improved;
the benzoic acid can improve the growth speed, feed intake and feed utilization efficiency of nursery pigs, and reduce the pH of digestive juice of ileum, caecum and colon of the pigs, thereby inhibiting harmful bacteria in intestinal tracts and enriching the biological diversity of intestinal flora; the formic acid acidifier can reduce the pH value of the gastrointestinal tract, enhance the activity of digestive enzyme, has stronger bacteriostatic action and can improve the average daily gain of nursery pigs;
the combined use of the formic acid acidifier and the benzoic acid can reduce the pH of the digestive juice of the nursery pig and make up the defect of insufficient gastric acid secretion of the nursery pig, thereby enhancing the activity of digestive enzyme in the digestive tract, promoting the increase of feed intake, improving feed reward, inhibiting the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria including escherichia coli, salmonella and the like, reducing the diarrhea incidence of the nursery pig, improving production performance and promoting the health of organisms; the choline chloride mainly plays a role of nutrient substances, can promote the resynthesis of amino acid in the nursery pig, and improves the immunity and the nutrient absorption capacity of the nursery pig, thereby reducing the probability of diseases;
the concentrated feed for the nursery pig prepared by using the formic acid acidifier and the benzoic acid in a compounding manner and matching with other raw materials can obviously increase the feed intake and daily gain of the nursery pig, reduce the feed conversion ratio, ensure good molding degree of feces of the nursery pig, reduce the diarrhea incidence, reduce the morbidity of pathogenic bacteria such as streptococcus and the like, and reduce the cost.
As a preferred scheme, the concentrated feed for nursery pigs comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 64.76% of soybean meal, 13.00% of fermented soybean meal, 5.47% of calcium hydrophosphate, 5.00% of premix, 3.94% of rice bran meal, 2% of fish meal, 1.84% of stone powder, 1.38% of salt, 1.00% of soybean oil, 1.00% of benzoic acid, 0.40% of formic acid acidifier and 0.21% of choline chloride.
Further, the formic acid acidifier comprises the following raw materials: the composition comprises formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, malic acid, succinic acid and fumaric acid, wherein the mass ratio of the formic acid to the acetic acid to the propionic acid to the malic acid to the succinic acid to the fumaric acid is 15-25:8-12:3-6:0.3-2:0.3-1.5: 0.3-1.5.
By adopting the scheme, the formic acid acidifier can reduce the pH value of the gastrointestinal tract, enhance the activity of digestive enzymes, has a strong antibacterial effect, and can improve the average daily gain of nursery pigs, and the benzoic acid can improve the growth speed, feed intake and feed utilization efficiency of animals, and reduce the pH of digestive juice of ileum, caecum and colon of the pigs, thereby inhibiting harmful bacteria in intestinal tracts and enriching the biological diversity of intestinal flora.
Further, the premix comprises compound vitamins, compound trace elements and L-lysine hydrochloride. Wherein the mass ratio of the compound vitamin to the compound trace element to the L-lysine hydrochloride is 0.14-0.16:0.58-0.62: 1.18-1.22.
By adopting the scheme, the compound vitamins, the compound trace elements and the L-lysine hydrochloride can provide nutrient substances for the intestinal tracts and organisms of the nursery pigs, and are beneficial to the healthy growth of the nursery pigs. The compound vitamin adopts compound vitamin or compound vitamin premix commonly used in the field, and the compound vitamin comprises vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, vitamin K3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and nicotinamide. The compound trace elements are compound trace elements or compound trace element premix commonly used in the field, and comprise basic copper chloride, ferrous sulfate, glycine iron complex (chelate), amino acid zinc complex, zinc oxide, manganese sulfate, sodium selenite, calcium iodate and cobalt chloride.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the concentrated feed of the nursery pig with the formic acid acidifying agent, which comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment
Weighing the formic acid acidifying agent, the carrier vermiculite and the silicon dioxide according to the proportion, mixing, uniformly stirring, crushing and sieving to obtain a premix;
s2, mixing materials
Weighing soybean oil and rice bran meal according to a proportion, mixing to obtain a soybean oil and rice bran meal mixture, weighing calcium hydrophosphate, fish meal, stone powder, salt, benzoic acid and choline chloride according to a proportion, mixing the mixture with the premix and the soybean oil and rice bran meal mixture for the second time, then adding the soybean meal and the fermented soybean meal, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the concentrated feed for nursery pigs;
and S3, packaging.
By adopting the scheme, the vermiculite and the silicon dioxide added in the pretreatment of the step S1 mainly have the effect of diluting various acids contained in the formic acid acidifier, and the mass ratio of the formic acid acidifier to the carrier vermiculite to the silicon dioxide is 7:3: 3.
The invention further provides a use method of the concentrated feed containing the formic acid acidifier for the nursery pigs, which comprises the following steps: the concentrated feed for the nursery pig is mixed with corn for use, and the mass ratio of the concentrated feed for the nursery pig to the corn is 2-4: 6-8.
Further, the mass ratio of the concentrated feed for the nursery pig to the corn is 3: 7.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the compound acidifier containing formic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid and benzoic acid are compounded and matched with other raw materials to prepare the concentrated feed for the nursery pig, so that the pH value of the gastrointestinal tract of the nursery pig is adjusted, the activity of digestive enzyme is enhanced, the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria such as escherichia coli, salmonella, streptococcus and the like is inhibited, the diarrhea incidence rate of the nursery pig is reduced, the feed intake of the nursery pig is promoted to be increased, and the utilization rate of nutrient substances of the feed is improved, so that the daily weight gain of the nursery pig can be increased, the feed conversion ratio is reduced, the healthy growth of the nursery pig is promoted, the breeding cost is reduced, and the breeding income is increased.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Example 1
A concentrated feed containing formic acid acidifier for nursery pig comprises the following raw materials: 64.76 parts of soybean meal, 13.00 parts of fermented soybean meal, 5.47 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 5.00 parts of premix, 3.94 parts of rice bran meal, 2 parts of fish meal, 1.84 parts of stone powder, 1.38 parts of salt, 1.00 part of soybean oil, 1.00 part of benzoic acid, 0.40 part of formic acid acidifier and 0.21 part of choline chloride.
In the embodiment, the formic acid acidifier is prepared by adding the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22 parts of formic acid, 10 parts of acetic acid, 43 parts of propionic acid, 1.5 parts of malic acid, 0.8 part of succinic acid and 1.2 parts of fumaric acid. Wherein the total amount of formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, malic acid, succinic acid and fumaric acid is 0.4 part of formic acid acidifier.
In the embodiment, the premix comprises compound vitamins, compound trace elements and L-lysine hydrochloride, wherein the mass ratio of the compound vitamins, the compound trace elements and the L-lysine hydrochloride is 0.15:0.58: 1.22.
In the embodiment, the compound vitamin is a compound vitamin premix, and the compound vitamin comprises vitamin a acetate, vitamin D3, vitamin K3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and nicotinamide, wherein the adding parts of the vitamin a acetate, the vitamin D3, the vitamin K3, the vitamin E, the vitamin B1, the vitamin B2, the vitamin B6 and the nicotinamide are the same.
In this embodiment, the composite trace elements are a composite trace element premix, and the composite trace elements include basic copper chloride, ferrous sulfate, glycine iron complex (chelate), amino acid zinc complex, zinc oxide, manganese sulfate, sodium selenite, calcium iodate, and cobalt chloride, wherein the basic copper chloride, the ferrous sulfate, the glycine iron complex (chelate), the amino acid zinc complex, the zinc oxide, the manganese sulfate, sodium selenite, calcium iodate, and cobalt chloride are added in the same parts.
A preparation method of the concentrated feed containing the formic acid acidifier for the nursery pigs comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment
Weighing the formic acid acidifying agent, the carrier vermiculite and the silicon dioxide according to a ratio, mixing, uniformly stirring, crushing, and sieving by using a 2.5mm sieve sheet to obtain a premix, wherein the mass ratio of the formic acid acidifying agent to the carrier vermiculite to the silicon dioxide is 7:3: 3;
s2, mixing materials
Weighing soybean oil and rice bran meal according to a proportion, mixing to obtain a soybean oil and rice bran meal mixture, weighing calcium hydrophosphate, fish meal, stone powder, salt, benzoic acid and choline chloride according to a proportion, mixing the mixture with the premix and the soybean oil and rice bran meal mixture for the second time, then adding the soybean meal and the fermented soybean meal, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the concentrated feed for nursery pigs;
s3. packaging
Quantitatively subpackaging the concentrated feed for nursery pigs, and adjusting the packaging specification to 40 kg/bag.
The using method comprises the following steps: the concentrated feed for the nursery pig is mixed with corn for use, and the mass ratio of the concentrated feed for the nursery pig to the corn is 3: 7.
Example 2
The procedure is as in example 1, except that:
a concentrated feed containing formic acid acidifier for nursery pigs comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 62 parts of soybean meal, 15 parts of fermented soybean meal, 4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 5 parts of premix, 4 parts of rice bran meal, 3 parts of fish meal, 3 parts of stone powder, 1 part of salt, 0.7 part of soybean oil, 1.5 parts of benzoic acid, 0.6 part of formic acid acidifier and 0.2 part of choline chloride.
In the embodiment, the formic acid acidifier is prepared by adding the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of formic acid, 8 parts of acetic acid, 5 parts of propionic acid, 0.3 part of malic acid, 0.8 part of succinic acid and 0.8 part of fumaric acid. Wherein the total amount of formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, malic acid, succinic acid and fumaric acid is 0.6 part of formic acid acidifier.
In the embodiment, the premix comprises compound vitamins, compound trace elements and L-lysine hydrochloride, wherein the mass ratio of the compound vitamins, the compound trace elements and the L-lysine hydrochloride is 0.14:0.60: 1.20.
In this embodiment, the use method is: the concentrated feed for the nursery pig is mixed with corn for use, and the mass ratio of the concentrated feed for the nursery pig to the corn is 4: 6.
Example 3
The procedure is as in example 1, except that:
a concentrated feed containing formic acid acidifier for nursery pigs comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 65 parts of soybean meal, 12 parts of fermented soybean meal, 6 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 7 parts of premix, 5 parts of rice bran meal, 1 part of fish meal, 1 part of stone powder, 1 part of salt, 0.5 part of soybean oil, 1 part of benzoic acid, 0.2 part of formic acid acidifier and 0.3 part of choline chloride.
In the embodiment, the formic acid acidifier is prepared by adding the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of formic acid, 12 parts of acetic acid, 3 parts of propionic acid, 2 parts of malic acid, 0.3 part of succinic acid and 1.5 parts of fumaric acid. Wherein the total amount of formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, malic acid, succinic acid and fumaric acid is 0.2 part of formic acid acidifier.
In the embodiment, the premix comprises compound vitamin, compound trace element and L-lysine hydrochloride, wherein the mass ratio of the compound vitamin to the compound trace element to the L-lysine hydrochloride is 0.16:0.62: 1.18.
The using method comprises the following steps: the concentrated feed for the nursery pig is mixed with corn for use, and the mass ratio of the concentrated feed for the nursery pig to the corn is 2: 8.
Example 4
The procedure is as in example 1, except that:
a concentrated feed containing formic acid acidifier for nursery pigs comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 63 parts of soybean meal, 14.4 parts of fermented soybean meal, 6 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 3 parts of premix, 3 parts of rice bran meal, 3 parts of fish meal, 3 parts of stone powder, 2 parts of salt, 1.5 parts of soybean oil, 0.5 part of benzoic acid, 0.5 part of formic acid acidifier and 0.1 part of choline chloride.
In the embodiment, the formic acid acidifier is prepared by adding the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of formic acid, 10 parts of acetic acid, 6 parts of propionic acid, 1 part of malic acid, 1.5 parts of succinic acid and 0.3 part of fumaric acid. Wherein the total amount of formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, malic acid, succinic acid and fumaric acid is 0.5 part of formic acid acidifier.
In the embodiment, the premix comprises compound vitamins, compound trace elements and L-lysine hydrochloride, wherein the mass ratio of the compound vitamins, the compound trace elements and the L-lysine hydrochloride is 0.15:0.62: 1.19.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method and the using method of the concentrated feed are the same as the embodiment 1, except that: the concentrated feed for nursery pigs is not added with benzoic acid.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method and the using method of the concentrated feed are the same as the embodiment 2, except that: the concentrated feed for nursery pigs is not added with benzoic acid.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method and the using method of the concentrated feed are the same as those of the embodiment 3, except that: the concentrated feed for nursery pigs is not added with benzoic acid.
Comparative example 4
The preparation method and the using method of the concentrated feed are the same as those of the embodiment 4, except that: the concentrated feed for nursery pigs is not added with benzoic acid.
Comparative example 5
The preparation method and the using method of the concentrated feed are the same as the embodiment 1, except that: the concentrated feed for nursery pig is not added with formic acid acidifier.
Comparative example 6
The preparation method and the using method of the concentrated feed are the same as the embodiment 2, except that: the concentrated feed for nursery pig is not added with formic acid acidifier.
Comparative example 7
The preparation method and the using method of the concentrated feed are the same as those of the embodiment 3, except that: the concentrated feed for nursery pig is not added with formic acid acidifier.
Comparative example 8
The preparation method and the using method of the concentrated feed are the same as those of the embodiment 4, except that: the concentrated feed for nursery pig is not added with formic acid acidifier.
Experimental example 1 effects of concentrated feeds prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 8 on growth performance and immunity of nursery pigs
Through breeding tests of nursery pigs, the influence of the concentrated feed prepared in the examples 1-4 and the comparative examples 1-8 on the growth performance and the immunity performance of the nursery pigs is researched and observed.
1.1 test animals and groups
The test animals are selected from 55-day-old nursery pigs with strong constitution, similar breed sources and similar weights, 1200 male and female pigs are divided into 12 groups, 100 male pigs and female pigs are divided into 100 male pigs and female pigs.
1.2, raising management
The concentrated feeds prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 8 were used to feed 12 groups of nursery pigs, which were designated as test groups 1 to 4 and control groups 1 to 8, respectively. During the raising period, the animals are fed and drunk freely, and are subjected to immunization and insect expelling according to the conventional method, wherein the test period is 26 days. The status, body weight, diarrhea, stool, flu and mental status of the nursery pigs were observed and recorded daily for each group during the trial period. In the feeding process, statistics is carried out on the morbidity of each group of nursery pigs. After the feeding is finished, the growth performance, diarrhea rate, immunity index and meat quality index of the pigs are analyzed. The weight was weighed on an empty stomach in the morning at the beginning of the test and at the end of the test, respectively.
The daily feed intake is the difference value between the feeding amount and the residual feed amount, and the feeding amount and the residual feed amount of each group of nursery pigs need to be accurately recorded every day.
The feed conversion ratio is calculated according to the feed intake and the weight gain.
The diarrhea rate is the number of diarrhea-preserved pigs in the test period/(number of test-preserved pigs x test days) × 100%.
Immune index determination, the last day of the test period, IgA, IgG and IgM levels were determined for each group of nursery pigs.
1.3 test results
The effect of the concentrated feed prepared in example 1, comparative example 1 and comparative example 5 on the growth performance and immunity of nursery pigs is shown in tables 1-2.
TABLE 1 Effect of the concentrated feedstuffs prepared in example 1, comparative example 1 and comparative example 5 on the growth Performance of nursery pigs
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the weight average of the head-average end weight, the head-average net weight, the feed conversion ratio and the head-average daily gain of the nursery pigs in the test group 1 are obviously higher or better than those in the control group 1 and the control group 5. Wherein the feed of the nursery pigs in the test group 1 is reduced by 0.15 compared with the feed of the control group 1 and is reduced by 0.29 compared with the feed of the control group 5; the head-average daily gain of the nursery pigs in the test group 1 is increased by 59.62g compared with that in the control group 1, the head-average daily gain of the nursery pigs in the test group 1 is increased by 106.54g compared with that in the control group 5, and the diarrhea rate and the porridge defecation rate of the nursery pigs in the test group 1 are also lowest. When the concentrated feed is sold as commercial pigs, the cost per kilogram of nursery pigs in the test group 1 is reduced by 0.225 yuan compared with that in the control group 1 and is reduced by 0.435 yuan compared with that in the control group 5, which shows that the concentrated feed for the nursery pigs prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention has very obvious effects on enhancing the growth performance of the nursery pigs and improving the breeding benefits. The nursery pigs in the test group 1 had red and bright fur and good mental status during the test.
TABLE 2 influence of the concentrated feedstuffs prepared in example 1, comparative example 1 and comparative example 5 on the immunological performance of nursery pigs
| Item | Test group 1 | Control group 1 | Control group 5 |
| IgA/(mg/L) | 43.42±1.02 | 31.90±3.56 | 28.36±4.12 |
| IgG/(g/L) | 2.57±0.56 | 1.14±0.49 | 1.05±0.37 |
| IgM/(g/L) | 0.61±0.05 | 0.64±0.02 | 0.49±0.02 |
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the IgA level of the test group 1 is significantly higher than that of the control group 5, and has an increased trend but no significant difference compared with the control group 1; the IgG level of the test group 1 is obviously higher than that of the control group 1 and the control group 5, which shows that the antibody level of the nursery pig of the test group 1 is highest, the immune effect of an organism is strongest, the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria including escherichia coli, salmonella, streptococcus and the like is inhibited, and the diarrhea incidence rate of the nursery pig is reduced, so that the diarrhea rate of the test group 1 is lower than that of the control group 1 and the control group 5.
The test groups 2-4 and the control groups 6-8 also performed the above test, and the test results were: the growth performance and the immunity performance of the nursery pigs of the test group 2, the control group 2 and the control group 6, the test group 3, the control group 3 and the control group 7 and the growth performance and the immunity performance of the nursery pigs of the test group 4, the control group 4 and the control group 8 have similar rules with the growth performance and the immunity performance of the nursery pigs of the test group 1, the control group 1 and the control group 5.
According to the analysis of the test results of the growth performance and the immunity performance of the nursery pigs of the test groups 1-4 and the control groups 1-8, the invention can be illustrated that the concentrated feed for the nursery pigs, which is prepared by compounding the combined acidifier containing formic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid and benzoic acid and matching other raw materials, in the embodiments 1-4 of the invention, has the effects of adjusting the pH value of the gastrointestinal tract of the nursery pigs, enhancing the activity of digestive enzymes, inhibiting the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria including escherichia coli, salmonella, streptococcus and the like, reducing the diarrhea incidence rate of the nursery pigs, promoting the feed intake of the nursery pigs to increase and improving the utilization rate of nutrient substances of the feed. Therefore, the concentrated feed and the concentrated feed for the nursery pig provided by the embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention can increase the daily gain of the nursery pig, reduce the feed conversion ratio, promote the healthy growth of the nursery pig, reduce the breeding cost and increase the breeding income.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A concentrated feed containing formic acid acidifier for nursery pigs is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 62-65% of soybean meal, 12-15% of fermented soybean meal, 4-6% of calcium hydrophosphate, 3-7% of premix, 3-5% of rice bran meal, 1-3% of fish meal, 1-3% of stone powder, 1-2% of salt, 0.5-1.5% of soybean oil, 0.5-1.5% of benzoic acid, 0.2-0.6% of formic acid acidifier and 0.1-0.3% of choline chloride.
2. The concentrated feed containing the formic acid type acidifier for nursery pigs according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 64.76% of soybean meal, 13.00% of fermented soybean meal, 5.47% of calcium hydrophosphate, 5.00% of premix, 3.94% of rice bran meal, 2% of fish meal, 1.84% of stone powder, 1.38% of salt, 1.00% of soybean oil, 1.00% of benzoic acid, 0.40% of formic acid acidifier and 0.21% of choline chloride.
3. The concentrated feed for nursery pigs containing the formic acid type acidifying agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formic acid type acidifying agent comprises the following raw materials: the composition comprises formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, malic acid, succinic acid and fumaric acid, wherein the mass ratio of the formic acid to the acetic acid to the propionic acid to the malic acid to the succinic acid to the fumaric acid is 15-25:8-12:3-6:0.3-2:0.3-1.5: 0.3-1.5.
4. The concentrated feed for nursery pigs containing formic acid type acidifying agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the premix comprises vitamin complex, trace element complex and L-lysine hydrochloride.
5. A process for the preparation of a concentrated feed for nursery pigs containing a formic acid type acidifying agent as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s1, pretreatment
Weighing the formic acid acidifying agent, the carrier vermiculite and the silicon dioxide according to the proportion, mixing, uniformly stirring, crushing and sieving to obtain a premix;
s2, mixing materials
Weighing soybean oil and rice bran meal according to a proportion, mixing to obtain a soybean oil and rice bran meal mixture, weighing calcium hydrophosphate, fish meal, stone powder, salt, benzoic acid and choline chloride according to a proportion, mixing the mixture with the premix and the soybean oil and rice bran meal mixture for the second time, then adding the soybean meal and the fermented soybean meal, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the concentrated feed for nursery pigs;
and S3, packaging.
6. A method of using a concentrated feed for nursery pigs containing a formic acid type acidifying agent as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, said method comprising: the concentrated feed for the nursery pig is mixed with corn for use, and the mass ratio of the concentrated feed for the nursery pig to the corn is 2-4: 6-8.
7. The use method of the concentrated feed containing the formic acid type acidifier for the nursery pig as claimed in claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the concentrated feed for the nursery pig to the corn is 3: 7.
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| CN108541820A (en) * | 2018-05-19 | 2018-09-18 | 双胞胎（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of nursery-stage pig feed of antibiotic-free |
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| CN111387361A (en) * | 2020-04-25 | 2020-07-10 | 湖南佳智生物技术有限公司 | Antibiotic-free pellet-line nursing piglet feed and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102894231A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-30 | 淮安正昌饲料有限公司 | Pig intestine nursing healthcare type compound feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN106212952A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-12-14 | 沈阳市友发实业有限公司 | A kind of ablactational baby pig premixed feed |
| CN108541820A (en) * | 2018-05-19 | 2018-09-18 | 双胞胎（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of nursery-stage pig feed of antibiotic-free |
| CN111000035A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-04-14 | 辽宁大成农牧实业有限公司 | Formula of compound feed and production process thereof |
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