CN114451256B - Substrate treatment method and tobacco seed seedling raising method using substrate - Google Patents
Substrate treatment method and tobacco seed seedling raising method using substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN114451256B CN114451256B CN202111347978.1A CN202111347978A CN114451256B CN 114451256 B CN114451256 B CN 114451256B CN 202111347978 A CN202111347978 A CN 202111347978A CN 114451256 B CN114451256 B CN 114451256B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/60—Apparatus for preparing growth substrates or culture media
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses a substrate treatment method, which comprises the following steps: (1) Taking a commercial tobacco substrate as a substrate to be treated, pouring the substrate to be treated into a mesh screen, and sieving to remove impurities or stones with overlarge particle size; (2) Preparing butenolide solution, adding the solution into the tobacco matrix to be treated after sieving in the step (1), stirring, and fully mixing the matrix and the solution to obtain the treated matrix. The invention also discloses a tobacco seed seedling raising method using the substrate. The invention not only can enhance the low-temperature stress resistance of the tobacco seeds, improve the seedling rate of the tobacco seeds after encountering low temperature, improve the quality of tobacco seedlings, reduce the economic loss in the seed seedling raising process caused by low-temperature stress, and has the functions of promoting agriculture, increasing income and increasing yield; the method is low in cost, simple and convenient to implement, obvious in effect and good in application potential.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tobacco seedling raising, in particular to a substrate treatment method and a tobacco seed seedling raising method using the substrate.
Background
Tobacco seeds are the source of the tobacco industry and are the basis of high quality and stable yield of tobacco leaves. When tobacco seeds are used in domestic tobacco areas, a floating seedling raising mode is mostly adopted. The floating seedling operation is generally to seed tobacco seeds into a floating tray which is provided with a matrix, wherein the matrix is used as a water storage and nutrition supply material and plays an important role in the seed emergence process. Smoke zone investigation has found that many seedling stage problems in the seedling process are caused by matrix problems, which are easily ignored. In the tobacco seed seedling raising process, the problem of low seedling quality of the emerging seedlings is caused by improper methods.
In view of the above, there is a need to develop a substrate treatment method and a tobacco seed seedling raising method using the substrate to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The first main object of the present invention is to provide a substrate treatment method, and the second object of the present invention is to provide a tobacco seed seedling raising method using the substrate, which aims to solve the technical problem that the quality of tobacco seedling raising cannot be improved by improving the performance of the substrate in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the first object of the present invention is achieved by a substrate treatment method comprising the steps of:
(1) Taking a commercial tobacco substrate as a substrate to be treated, pouring the substrate to be treated into a mesh screen for sieving, removing impurities or stones with overlarge particle size by sieving, and kneading the substrate adhered to the substrate to be treated into blocks after sieving for later use;
(2) Preparing butenolide solution, adding the solution into the tobacco matrix to be treated after sieving in the step (1), stirring, and fully mixing the matrix and the solution until the water in the matrix is uniformly dispersed and the content is sufficient and the matrix is not agglomerated, thus obtaining the treated matrix.
Preferably, the mesh screen in step (1) has a pore size of 4 to 6mm.
Preferably, the concentration of the butenolide solution in step (2) is 0.15-150 μg/L.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the volume of the butenolide solution in the step (2) to the tobacco substrate to be treated after sieving is 60 ml-80 ml:100g.
By adopting the method, the substrate can obviously improve the performance of the substrate after special treatment, thereby guaranteeing the emergence rate and the seedling quality of tobacco seeds, and playing an important role in saving labor and reducing cost of tobacco, promoting agriculture and increasing income and promoting the high-quality development of tobacco industry.
The second object of the present invention is achieved by a tobacco seed growing method comprising the steps of:
s1, a treated substrate obtained by using the substrate treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
s2, filling the treated substrate in the step S1 into a float disc or a container, uniformly sowing tobacco seeds on the treated substrate, and spraying 0.15-150 mu g/L butenolide solution on the surface of the tobacco seeds until the tobacco seeds are wet;
s3, placing the floating disc or the container into a seedling raising pool, and raising seedlings in a normal environment; and continuously spraying 0.15-150 mu g/L butenolide solution for 2-4 times when the substrate is dried, and carrying out floating seedling.
Preferably, the normal ambient temperature in step S3 is 23-28 ℃.
By adopting the method, the tobacco seeds are placed in the tobacco matrix compounded by the butenolide solution, so that the emergence rate of the tobacco seeds can be effectively improved, and the seedling quality of the tobacco seeds can be improved. The low sprouting seeds are promoted by the activation of butenolide, so that the emergence rate can be improved, the low-temperature stress resistance of the high sprouting tobacco seeds can also be improved, the cold resistance activity measured result is higher than that in water, and the loss of the tobacco seeds after suffering from low-temperature cold injury can be reduced.
In summary, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the substrate treatment method and the tobacco seed seedling raising method using the substrate provided by the invention can improve the floating seedling raising emergence rate of tobacco seeds in the substrate, improve the quality of tobacco seedlings, reduce the economic loss in the seed seedling raising process caused by low-temperature stress, and have the effects of promoting agriculture income and increasing yield.
2. The tobacco seed seedling raising method provided by the invention can effectively improve the seedling emergence quality of tobacco seeds, is simple and easy to implement, is convenient to implement, and has good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the emergence of cloud tobacco 85-0164 on day 6 in a water-added matrix;
FIG. 2 shows the emergence of cloud tobacco 85-0164 on day 6 in a butenolide solution treated substrate.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
A substrate processing method, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Taking a commercial tobacco substrate as a substrate to be treated, pouring the substrate to be treated into a mesh screen for sieving, removing impurities or stones with overlarge particle size by sieving, and kneading the substrate adhered to the substrate to be treated into blocks after sieving for later use;
(2) Preparing butenolide solution, adding the solution into the tobacco matrix to be treated after sieving in the step (1), stirring, and fully mixing the matrix and the solution until the water in the matrix is uniformly dispersed and the content is sufficient and the matrix is not agglomerated, thus obtaining the treated matrix.
The mesh screen in the step (1) has a pore diameter of 4-6 mm.
The concentration of the butenolide solution in the step (2) is 0.15-150 mug/L.
The mass ratio of the volume of the butenolide solution in the step (2) to the tobacco substrate to be treated after sieving is 60 ml-80 ml:100g.
A method of raising tobacco seed seedlings, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, a treated substrate obtained by using the substrate treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
s2, filling the treated substrate in the step S1 into a float disc or a container, uniformly sowing tobacco seeds on the treated substrate, and spraying 0.15-150 mu g/L butenolide solution on the surface of the tobacco seeds until the tobacco seeds are wet;
s3, placing the floating disc or the container into a seedling raising pool, and raising seedlings in a normal environment; and continuously spraying 0.15-150 mu g/L butenolide solution for 2-4 times when the substrate is dried, and carrying out floating seedling.
The normal ambient temperature in the step S3 is 23-28 ℃.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples which are intended to illustrate the invention and are not to be limiting in scope.
Example 1:
3 batches of bare tobacco seeds of different varieties are respectively numbered as cloud tobacco 85-0164, cloud tobacco 97-0228 and MSK326-0402.
1.1 taking a commercially available tobacco substrate, pouring the tobacco substrate onto a mesh screen with the aperture of 5mm, shaking and sieving the tobacco substrate, removing impurities or stones with overlarge particle size by sieving, and kneading the substrate bonded into blocks for standby. 2mg/L butenolide mother liquor was prepared, and then 0.15. Mu.g/L, 1.5. Mu.g/L, 15. Mu.g/L, 150. Mu.g/L butenolide solutions were prepared from the mother liquor, respectively.
1.2 comparative examples: taking 1 part of sieved substrate 100g, paving the substrate in a 570ml germination box, adding 80ml of water, and uniformly mixing; spreading matrix, uniformly sowing 100 tobacco bare seeds of the 3 batches in each box, repeating for 3 times, placing at 25 ℃ for seedling emergence test, spraying water during the period, keeping the matrix moist, counting the seed emergence rate for 5-7 days, and keeping the statistical standard as that 2 cotyledons are unfolded and the seedlings are normal. The emergence situation is shown in figure 1.
1.3 taking 4 parts of sieved matrixes, respectively 100g, paving the matrixes in 570ml germination boxes, respectively adding 0.15 mug/L, 1.5 mug/L, 15 mug/L and 150 mug/L butenolide solutions, uniformly mixing, paving the matrixes, uniformly sowing the 100 grains of the 3 batches of bare tobacco seeds in each box, repeating for 3 times, placing the boxes at 25 ℃ for seedling emergence test, spraying the butenolide solutions with corresponding concentrations in the period, keeping the matrixes moist, counting the seedling emergence rate of 5-7 days, and keeping the statistical standard as that 2 cotyledons are unfolded and seedlings are normal. The emergence situation is shown in figure 2.
The effect of water and butenolide at various concentrations on seed emergence after substrate treatment is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with water treatment, when the butenolide solution is mixed with the matrix to serve as a seedling carrier, the early-stage seedling emergence rate of seeds can be remarkably improved, for example, cloud tobacco 97-0228, the matrix doped with the butenolide solution with the concentration of 0.15-150 mu g/L has a promotion effect on the seedling emergence of seeds, and particularly, the matrix doped with the butenolide solution with the concentration of 150 mu g/L can enable the 5d seedling emergence rate of seeds of cloud tobacco 97-0228 to reach 52.50%, compared with water, the improvement of 15.17% is accompanied with the improvement of the concentration of the solution in the matrix, the more remarkable promotion effect is, the seedling emergence rate of the seeds after 7d is basically stable, but the promotion effect still exists. In other 2 batches of seeds, the method has the same promotion effect and trend on the emergence of the seeds as those of the seeds of the cloud tobacco 97.
Example 2:
this example 2 differs from example 1 in that the tobacco seeds sown are 3 batches of seeds of the same variety of different storage years (different vigor): 2001-0064, 2002-0138, 2014-2882. The sowed seeds are firstly placed into a low temperature treatment for 4d at 5 ℃, then are transferred into a 25 ℃ for emergence, and are transferred into a 7 th d at 25 ℃ for statistics of the emergence rate of the seeds, and the statistical result is used as the measurement result of the cold resistance activity of the seeds.
As can be seen from Table 2, when the seedling is grown by using the substrate mixed with butenolide, the normal seedling emergence temperature is restored after the seeds are subjected to low-temperature stress, the seedling emergence rate of the seeds in the substrate containing 0.15-15 mug/L butenolide solution is higher than that of the water-containing substrate, for example, the seedling emergence rate of the seeds in the substrate treated by the solution of 2002-0138 is respectively improved by 2.66 percent, 6.33 percent and 3.00 percent relative to that of the seeds in the water-containing substrate, and other 2 batches of seeds are similar in seedling emergence condition, so that for tobacco seeds with different vigor levels, the substrates treated by the butenolide solution can effectively improve the low-temperature stress resistance of the seeds and the seedling emergence rate after the seeds are subjected to low temperature. The results of the cold resistance activity detection of the seeds treated at different concentrations are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
In general, the substrate mixed with 0.15-150 mug/L butenolide solution is adopted for floating seedling, so that the seedling emergence rate of tobacco seeds at normal temperature can be effectively improved, the seedling emergence quality of the seeds can be ensured, the seedling emergence performance of the seeds after the seeds encounter low-temperature adverse environment can be improved, the cold resistance of the seeds can be improved, if the seeds are popularized and applied, the seedling emergence quality of the tobacco seeds can be further improved, the seedling emergence risk can be reduced, and the contribution to guaranteeing the benefits of tobacco farmers and promoting the income of farmers can be made.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method of treating a substrate, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Taking a commercial tobacco substrate as a substrate to be treated, pouring the substrate to be treated into a mesh screen for sieving, removing impurities or stones with overlarge particle size by sieving, and kneading the substrate adhered to the substrate to be treated into blocks after sieving for later use;
(2) Preparing butenolide solution, adding the solution into the tobacco matrix to be treated after sieving in the step (1), stirring, and fully mixing the matrix and the solution until the water in the matrix is uniformly dispersed and the content is sufficient and the matrix is not agglomerated, thus obtaining the treated matrix;
the concentration of the butenolide solution in the step (2) is 0.15-150 mug/L;
the mass ratio of the butenolide solution volume in the step (2) to the tobacco substrate to be treated after sieving is 60 ml~80 ml:100 g;
a method for raising tobacco seed seedlings by using the treated substrate obtained by the substrate treatment method, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, a treated substrate obtained by using the substrate treatment method;
s2, filling the treated substrate in the step S1 into a float disc or a container, uniformly sowing tobacco seeds on the treated substrate, and spraying 0.15-150 mu g/L butenolide solution on the surface of the tobacco seeds until the tobacco seeds are wet;
s3, placing the floating plate or the container into a seedling pool, placing the floating plate or the container into a normal environment for seedling, and continuously spraying 0.15-150 mu g/L butenolide solution for 2-4 times when the substrate is dried, so as to carry out floating seedling.
2. The substrate treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the mesh in step (1) has a pore size of 4 to 6mm.
3. The substrate processing method according to claim 1, wherein the normal environment temperature in step S3 is 23 to 28 ℃.
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