CN114451240B - Method for promoting emergence of polygonatum odoratum seeds - Google Patents
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- CN114451240B CN114451240B CN202011243874.1A CN202011243874A CN114451240B CN 114451240 B CN114451240 B CN 114451240B CN 202011243874 A CN202011243874 A CN 202011243874A CN 114451240 B CN114451240 B CN 114451240B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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Abstract
The application provides a method for promoting emergence of polygonatum odoratum seeds, which comprises the steps of collecting mature polygonatum odoratum fruits, soaking in water, treating, cleaning with clear water, and preserving the obtained polygonatum odoratum seeds for later use; sand-storing rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed and wet sand at 4deg.C for 3 months; soaking preferred rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds in 100-300mg/L gibberellin solution at 20-25deg.C for 12 hr after sand storage for 3 months, and washing with distilled water for 3 times; sterilizing with 3% hydrogen peroxide for 10-20min, washing with distilled water for 3 times, placing rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed in culture dish containing wet sand, and culturing at 25deg.C for 3 months in dark place to obtain germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed; sand-storing germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds at 4deg.C for 30-60 days; and (3) covering soil on the refrigerated seeds, sowing the seeds in a cold shed seedling tray, covering a sunshade net for sunshade until seedlings emerge. The method for promoting the emergence of the polygonatum odoratum seeds not only improves the germination rate and the emergence rate of the polygonatum odoratum seeds, but also greatly shortens the emergence period of the seeds, so that the polygonatum odoratum seeds can emerge in the same year after being sowed, and the emergence rate is more than 90%.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of seedling raising and breeding of medicinal plant seeds, in particular to a method for promoting emergence of polygonatum odoratum seeds.
Background
Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati (Polygonatum ordoratum (Mill.) Druce is perennial herb of Polygonatum of Liliaceae, commonly known as herba Belleville, rhizoma Polygonati Odorati, and rhizoma Druceti. Distributed in Heilongjiang, jilin, liaoning, hebei, hunan, etc., and the wild rhizoma Polygonati Odorati grows under the forest or mountain and hillside with altitude of 500-3000 m. Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati is used as a drug, and has effects of nourishing yin, moistening dryness, promoting salivation, and quenching thirst. Along with the continuous development of the edible, medicinal, health-care products and cosmetics of the polygonatum, the market demand of the polygonatum is increased year by year, the wild polygonatum resource can not meet the production requirement, and the artificial cultivation is a main channel for solving the shortage of polygonatum medicinal materials.
The main propagation method of the polygonatum odoratum is seed propagation and rhizome propagation, and because the polygonatum odoratum seeds have dormancy characteristics, the natural germination rate is low, germs are secondarily dormant after germination, the growth period is long, the emergence rate is low and irregular, seedlings can not emerge only when the seedlings grow, and generally, the seedlings take 2 years. Therefore, rootstock propagation is used as the main propagation mode of the polygonatum odoratum in production. However, the cultivation method has the advantages of large seed quantity, low propagation coefficient and low economic benefit, so that large-area popularization and planting are limited, and long-term asexual propagation also easily causes variety degradation and unstable medicinal material quality of the polygonatum odoratum, and the market demand of the polygonatum odoratum is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method for promoting emergence of polygonatum odoratum seeds, which aims to solve the problem that the polygonatum odoratum seeds can not emerge in the current year and have long emergence time.
The application provides a method for promoting emergence of polygonatum odoratum seeds, which comprises the following steps:
collecting mature rhizoma Polygonati Odorati fruits, soaking in water for 2-3 days, cleaning with clear water to obtain rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds, and air-drying and storing in shade;
mixing the polygonatum odoratum seeds with wet sand to obtain a mixture, and sand-storing the mixture at 4 ℃ for 3 months;
soaking rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds after 3 months of sand storage in 100-300mg/L gibberellin solution at 20-25deg.C for 12 hr, and washing with distilled water for 3 times;
washing rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds with distilled water, sterilizing with 3% hydrogen peroxide for 10-20min, washing with distilled water for 3 times, placing the rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds in culture dish containing wet sand, and culturing at 25deg.C in dark place;
culturing the rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds at 25deg.C for 3 months, and taking out from the culture dish to obtain germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds;
storing the germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds in sand at 4deg.C for 30-60 days;
and (3) covering soil on the refrigerated seeds, sowing the seeds in a cold shed seedling tray, and covering a sunshade net for sunshade until seedlings emerge.
Optionally, the processing procedure is as follows: removing soft peel, and removing impurities such as peel.
Optionally, the polygonatum odoratum seeds and the wet sand are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:3.
Optionally, the soil is turfy soil.
Optionally, the sunshade rate of the sunshade net is 40-60%.
The application provides a method for promoting emergence of polygonatum odoratum seeds, which comprises the steps of collecting mature polygonatum odoratum fruits, soaking in water, treating, cleaning with clear water, and preserving the obtained polygonatum odoratum seeds for later use; sand-storing rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed and wet sand at 4deg.C for 3 months; soaking preferred rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds in 100-300mg/L gibberellin solution at 20-25deg.C for 12 hr after sand storage for 3 months, and washing with distilled water for 3 times; sterilizing with 3% hydrogen peroxide for 10-20min, washing with distilled water for 3 times, placing rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed in culture dish containing wet sand, culturing at 25deg.C for 3 months in dark place, and taking out to obtain germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed; sand-storing germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds at 4deg.C for 30-60 days; and (3) covering soil on the refrigerated seeds, sowing the seeds in a cold shed seedling tray, covering a sunshade net for sunshade until seedlings emerge. The method for promoting the emergence of the polygonatum odoratum seeds not only improves the germination rate and emergence rate of the polygonatum odoratum seeds, but also shortens the emergence period of the seeds. The purpose of the application is to break the dormancy of the polygonatum odoratum seeds, improve the germination rate of the seeds, promote the seeds to emerge fast, shorten the period of emergence of the seeds, solve the difficult problem of artificial planting of the polygonatum odoratum, not only protect the wild polygonatum odoratum resources, but also meet the market demand. The method for promoting the emergence of the polygonatum odoratum seeds is simple and feasible and has low cost; the germination rate is high, the emergence is regular, the seedlings emerge in the same year after sowing, and the seedling raising period is shortened. The biggest improvement of the application is that after low-temperature treatment, the polygonatum seeds are enabled to emerge in advance, dormancy of the polygonatum seeds is broken, the seed emergence time is greatly shortened, the polygonatum seeds can emerge in the same year, the problem that the polygonatum seeds cannot emerge in the same year in the prior art is solved, and the emergence rate can reach more than 90% by using the emergence method.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 shows emergence of polygonatum odoratum seeds in the embodiment of the application after low-temperature treatment 35 d.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the examples below do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Merely as examples of systems and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the claims.
The application provides a method for promoting emergence of polygonatum odoratum seeds, which comprises the following steps:
collecting mature rhizoma Polygonati Odorati fruits, soaking in water for 2-3 days, cleaning with clear water to obtain rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds, and air-drying and storing in shade;
mixing the polygonatum odoratum seeds with wet sand to obtain a mixture, and sand-storing the mixture at 4 ℃ for 3 months;
preferably selecting rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds from the mixture after 3 months of sand storage, soaking the rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds in 100-300mg/L gibberellin solution at 20-25deg.C for 12 hr, and washing with distilled water for 3 times;
washing rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds with distilled water, sterilizing with 3% hydrogen peroxide for 10-20min, washing with distilled water for 3 times, placing the rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds in culture dish containing wet sand, and culturing at 25deg.C in dark place;
culturing the rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds at 25deg.C for 3 months, and taking out from the culture dish to obtain germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds;
refrigerating the germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds at 4deg.C for 30-60 days;
and (3) covering soil on the refrigerated seeds, sowing the seeds in a cold shed seedling tray, and covering a sunshade net for sunshade until seedlings emerge.
Optionally, the processing procedure is as follows: removing soft peel, and removing impurities such as peel.
Optionally, the polygonatum odoratum seeds and the moist sand are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:3.
Optionally, the soil is turfy soil.
Optionally, the sunshade rate of the sunshade net is 40-60%.
The wet sand used in the examples was wet with the hands in a lump, and loose hands were preferable.
Fig. 1 shows a low-temperature treatment 35d emergence condition of polygonatum odoratum seeds in an embodiment of the application, specifically, 50 seeds are sowed, and 45 seedlings emerge.
Wherein, the preferred polygonatum seeds are large and full seeds.
Example 1
Collecting mature rhizoma Polygonati Odorati fruits, soaking in water for 3 days, removing soft pericarp, removing impurities such as pericarp, cleaning with clear water after treatment to obtain rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds, and air drying and storing in shade place;
mixing the polygonatum odoratum seeds with moist sand according to a volume ratio of 1:3, and sand-storing for 3 months at 4 ℃;
preferably selecting rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds (50 grains are selected each time and repeated three times) after sand storage for 3 months, soaking the rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds in 100mg/L gibberellin solution at 20deg.C for 12h, and washing with distilled water for 3 times;
sterilizing 10ml with 3% hydrogen peroxide, soaking for 15min, washing with distilled water for 3 times, placing the rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed in a culture dish containing moist sand, culturing at 25deg.C in dark place, and periodically spraying water to keep the sand moist; the seeds begin to sprout after 14 days, the sprouting lasts for 36 days, and the sprouting rate reaches 94.3%.
Culturing rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed at 25deg.C for 3 months, and taking out from the culture dish to obtain germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed. At this time, 2-5 root systems are grown to form small corms, white germs grow on the corms, but seedlings cannot emerge after sowing, and the corms enter a dormant state;
storing the germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds in sand at 4deg.C for 35 days;
and (3) covering soil for the refrigerated seeds, sowing the seeds in a seedling raising tray of a cold shed, wherein the matrix is turfy soil, watering regularly to keep moist, covering 45% sunshade net on the shed for sunshade, and starting seedling emergence after 12 days, wherein the seedling emergence rate reaches 90.0%.
Example 2
Collecting mature rhizoma Polygonati Odorati fruits, soaking in water for 3 days, removing soft pericarp, removing impurities such as pericarp, cleaning with clear water after treatment to obtain rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds, and air drying and storing in shade place;
mixing the polygonatum odoratum seeds with moist sand according to a volume ratio of 1:3, and sand-storing for 3 months at 4 ℃;
preferably selecting rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds (50 grains are selected each time and repeated three times) after sand storage for 3 months, soaking the rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds in 100mg/L gibberellin solution at 20deg.C for 12h, and washing with distilled water for 3 times;
sterilizing 10ml with 3% hydrogen peroxide, soaking for 15min, washing with distilled water for 3 times, placing the rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed in a culture dish containing moist sand, culturing at 25deg.C in dark place, and periodically spraying water to keep the sand moist; the seeds begin to sprout after 14 days, the sprouting lasts for 36 days, and the sprouting rate reaches 94.3%.
Culturing rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed at 25deg.C for 3 months, and taking out from the culture dish to obtain germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed. At this time, 2-5 root systems are grown to form small corms, white germs grow on the corms, but seedlings cannot emerge after sowing, and the corms enter a dormant state;
storing the germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds in sand at 4deg.C for 50 days;
and (3) covering soil for the refrigerated seeds, sowing the seeds in a seedling raising tray of a cold shed, wherein the matrix is turfy soil, watering regularly to keep moist, covering 45% sunshade net on the shed for sunshade, and starting seedling emergence after 11 days, wherein the seedling emergence rate reaches 92.0%.
Example 3
Collecting mature rhizoma Polygonati Odorati fruits, soaking in water for 2 days, removing soft pericarp, removing impurities such as pericarp, cleaning with clear water after treatment to obtain rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds, and air drying and storing in shade place;
mixing the polygonatum odoratum seeds with moist sand according to a volume ratio of 1:3, and sand-storing for 3 months at 4 ℃;
preferably selecting rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds (50 grains are selected each time and repeated three times) after sand storage for 3 months, soaking the rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds in 200mg/L gibberellin solution at 20deg.C for 12h, and washing with distilled water for 3 times;
sterilizing 10ml with 3% hydrogen peroxide, soaking for 10min, washing with distilled water for 3 times, placing the rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed in a culture dish containing moist sand, culturing at 25deg.C in dark place, and periodically spraying water to keep the sand moist; the seeds begin to sprout after 14 days, the sprouting lasts for 36 days, and the sprouting rate reaches 89.3%.
Culturing rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed at 25deg.C for 3 months, and taking out from the culture dish to obtain germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed. At this time, 2-5 root systems are grown to form small corms, white germs grow on the corms, but seedlings cannot emerge after sowing, and the corms enter a dormant state;
storing the germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds in sand at 4deg.C for 35 days;
and (3) covering soil for the refrigerated seeds, sowing the seeds in a seedling raising tray of a cold shed, wherein the matrix is turfy soil, watering regularly to keep moist, covering 40% sunshade net on the shed for sunshade, and starting seedling emergence after 12 days, wherein the seedling emergence rate reaches 90.0%.
Example 4
Collecting mature rhizoma Polygonati Odorati fruits, soaking in water for 2 days, removing soft pericarp, removing impurities such as pericarp, cleaning with clear water after treatment to obtain rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds, and air drying and storing in shade place;
mixing the polygonatum odoratum seeds with moist sand according to a volume ratio of 1:3, and sand-storing for 3 months at 4 ℃;
preferably selecting rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds (50 grains are selected each time and repeated three times) after sand storage for 3 months, soaking the rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds in 300mg/L gibberellin solution at 25deg.C for 12h, and washing with distilled water for 3 times;
sterilizing 10ml with 3% hydrogen peroxide, soaking for 20min, washing with distilled water for 3 times, placing the rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed in a culture dish containing moist sand, culturing at 25deg.C in dark place, and periodically spraying water to keep the sand moist; the seeds begin to sprout after 14 days, the sprouting lasts for 36 days, and the sprouting rate reaches 87.7%.
Culturing rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed at 25deg.C for 3 months, and taking out from the culture dish to obtain germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed. At this time, 2-5 root systems are grown to form small corms, white germs grow on the corms, but seedlings cannot emerge after sowing, and the corms enter a dormant state;
refrigerating the germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds at 4deg.C for 50 days;
and (3) covering soil for the refrigerated seeds, sowing the seeds in a seedling raising tray of a cold shed, wherein the matrix is turfy soil, watering regularly to keep moist, covering a 60% sunshade net on the shed for sunshade, and starting seedling emergence after 11 days, wherein the seedling emergence rate reaches 92.0%.
The application uses the fragrant solomonseal rhizome seeds of the warp low Wen Shacang as a test material. The gibberellin has 3 concentration gradients of 100mg/L, 200mg/L and 300mg/L respectively; soaking time is 12h and 24h respectively, no seed treatment is used as a control, 7 treatments are performed, 50 seeds are treated each, and 3 times of repetition are performed. Adding 10ml of hormone solution with different concentrations according to the test design, and soaking seeds at 20-25 ℃; then washing with distilled water for 3 times; soaking in 10ml of 3% hydrogen peroxide for 15min, sterilizing, and washing with distilled water for 3 times. Culturing in a culture dish containing wet sand at 25deg.C in dark for 3 months, periodically spraying water to keep sand wet, investigating seed germination condition, and counting seed germination rate, wherein the specific results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 shows germination rates of rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds treated with gibberellin with different concentrations for different soaking times
As shown in Table 1, the germination rate of Polygonatum odoratum seeds gradually decreased as the concentration of gibberellin gradually increased, and the germination rate of Polygonatum odoratum seeds was optimal, namely 94.3% at a concentration of 100 mg/L. Under the same gibberellin solution concentration, the germination rate gradually decreases with the increase of the soaking time.
The application uses germinated seeds as test materials, sand storage is carried out at 4 ℃, the sand storage time is 20, 35 and 50d, the seeds are not treated as controls, and each treatment is carried out on 50 seeds for 3 times. Taking out the seeds from the seeding and seedling raising tray, culturing under normal temperature illumination, watering regularly, investigating the emergence condition of the seeds, and counting the emergence rate of the seeds.
Table 2 shows the emergence rate of rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds treated at different refrigerating times
As shown in Table 2, the emergence rate of Polygonatum odoratum seed tended to increase with the increase of the number of days of cooling, and the emergence rate reached 90.0% at 35 days of cooling, and was optimal at 92.0% at 50 days of cooling.
The application provides a method for promoting emergence of polygonatum odoratum seeds, which comprises the steps of collecting mature polygonatum odoratum fruits, soaking in water, treating, cleaning with clear water, and preserving the obtained polygonatum odoratum seeds for later use; sand-storing rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed and wet sand at 4deg.C for 3 months; soaking preferred rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds in 100-300mg/L gibberellin solution at 20-25deg.C for 12 hr after sand storage for 3 months, and washing with distilled water for 3 times; sterilizing with 3% hydrogen peroxide for 10-20min, washing with distilled water for 3 times, placing rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed in culture dish containing wet sand, culturing at 25deg.C for 3 months in dark place, and taking out to obtain germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seed; sand-storing germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds at 4deg.C for 30-60 days; and (3) covering soil on the refrigerated seeds, sowing the seeds in a cold shed seedling tray, covering a sunshade net for sunshade until seedlings emerge. The method for promoting the emergence of the polygonatum odoratum seeds not only improves the germination rate and emergence rate of the polygonatum odoratum seeds, but also shortens the emergence period of the seeds. The purpose of the application is to break the dormancy of the polygonatum odoratum seeds, improve the germination rate of the seeds, promote the seeds to emerge fast, shorten the period of emergence of the seeds, solve the difficult problem of artificial planting of the polygonatum odoratum, not only protect the wild polygonatum odoratum resources, but also meet the market demand. The method for promoting the emergence of the polygonatum odoratum seeds is simple and feasible and has low cost; the germination rate is high, the emergence is regular, the seedlings emerge in the same year after sowing, and the seedling raising period is shortened. The biggest improvement of the application is that after low-temperature treatment, the polygonatum seeds are enabled to emerge in advance, dormancy of the polygonatum seeds is broken, the seed emergence time is greatly shortened, the polygonatum seeds can emerge in the same year, the problem that the polygonatum seeds cannot emerge in the same year in the prior art is solved, and the emergence rate of more than 90% can be achieved by using the emergence method.
The foregoing detailed description of the embodiments is merely illustrative of the general principles of the present application and should not be taken in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Any other embodiments developed in accordance with the present application without inventive effort are within the scope of the present application for those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A method for promoting emergence of polygonatum odoratum seeds, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting mature rhizoma Polygonati Odorati fruits, soaking in water for 2-3 days, cleaning with clear water to obtain rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds, and air-drying and storing in shade;
mixing the polygonatum odoratum seeds with wet sand to obtain a mixture, and sand-storing the mixture at 4 ℃ for 3 months;
soaking rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds after 3 months of sand storage in 100-300mg/L gibberellin solution at 20-25deg.C for 12 hr, and washing with distilled water for 3 times;
washing rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds with distilled water, sterilizing with 3% hydrogen peroxide for 10-20min, washing with distilled water for 3 times, placing the rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds in culture dish containing wet sand, and culturing at 25deg.C in dark place;
culturing the polygonatum odoratum seeds at 25 ℃ for 3 months, and taking out the polygonatum odoratum seeds from the culture dish to obtain germinated polygonatum odoratum seeds;
storing the germinated rhizoma Polygonati Odorati seeds in sand at 4deg.C for 35-50 days;
and (3) covering soil for the refrigerated seeds, sowing the seeds in a cold shed seedling tray, covering a sunshade net for sunshade until seedlings emerge.
2. The method for promoting seedling emergence of polygonatum odoratum seeds according to claim 1, wherein the steps of collecting mature polygonatum odoratum fruits, soaking in water for 2-3 days, washing with clear water after treatment to obtain polygonatum odoratum seeds, and airing the polygonatum odoratum seeds in a shade for standby use are as follows: removing soft peel, and removing peel and impurities.
3. The method for promoting emergence of polygonatum odoratum seeds according to claim 1, wherein the polygonatum odoratum seeds and the moist sand are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:3.
4. The method for promoting seedling emergence of polygonatum odoratum seeds according to claim 1, wherein the seeds after refrigeration are covered with soil and sown in a seedling tray of a cold shed, and a sunshade net is covered for sunshade until seedling emergence, and the covered soil is turfy soil.
5. The method for promoting seedling emergence of polygonatum odoratum seeds according to claim 1, wherein the seeds after refrigeration are covered with soil and sown in a cold shed seedling tray, and a sunshade net is covered for sunshade until the seedling emergence step, and the sunshade rate of the sunshade net is 40-60%.
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