CN114431355A - Ostrich feed additive and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Ostrich feed additive and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN114431355A
CN114431355A CN202011217181.5A CN202011217181A CN114431355A CN 114431355 A CN114431355 A CN 114431355A CN 202011217181 A CN202011217181 A CN 202011217181A CN 114431355 A CN114431355 A CN 114431355A
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ostrich
feed additive
vitamin
parts
feed
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崔一
王振华
陈淑芳
杨锴
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HEBEI KEXING PHARMACEUTICAL CO Ltd
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HEBEI KEXING PHARMACEUTICAL CO Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/189—Enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30—Oligoelements

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Birds (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
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  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an ostrich feed additive and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the field of animal feed additives. The ostrich feed additive is prepared by taking lysine, methionine, threonine, phytase, energy protease, neutral protease, cellulase, compound vitamin, compound mineral and compound probiotics as raw materials and adopting a simple mixing method, and can enhance the immunity of the ostrich, relieve the stress reaction, promote the growth and development of the ostrich, help to maintain the balance of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract of the ostrich, promote the digestion and absorption of the ostrich and improve the utilization rate of the feed; the preparation method is simple, the production cost is low, the method is suitable for large-scale production, and the prepared ostrich feed has the effects of promoting the growth of the ostrich and improving the phenomena of leg bone deformation, anorexia and gastrointestinal blockage of the ostrich. The preparation method is suitable for preparing the ostrich feed additive, and the feed additive is suitable for feeding ostriches.

Description

Ostrich feed additive and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of feed additives, and relates to a feed additive, in particular to an ostrich feed additive and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, the ostrich breeding industry in China is developed rapidly, but the ostrich breeding history in China is short, so that the ostrich feed is still in a blank stage in the aspects of nutrition standards and processing technology, and the conventional ostrich feed standards adopt poultry standards or current standards in other countries. Because the ostrich is different from common poultry, the ostrich breeding environment and ostrich variety in China are different from the ostrich breeding environment and ostrich variety in other countries, the ostrich feed currently used in China is not suitable, and the ostrich feed has the phenomena of slow growth speed, leg bone deformation, fracture, anorexia, gastrointestinal blockage and the like frequently at the brooding and breeding stage, thereby seriously influencing the economic benefit of ostrich breeding.
Therefore, there is a need to develop an ostrich feed additive to improve the phenomena of slow growth speed, leg bone deformity, anorexia, gastrointestinal obstruction and the like of the ostrich caused by unbalanced nutritional ingredients of the conventional ostrich feed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ostrich feed additive to improve the phenomena of slow growth speed, leg bone deformation, anorexia and gastrointestinal blockage of the ostrich;
another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the above ostrich feed additive;
the invention also aims to provide an application of the ostrich feed additive.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an ostrich feed additive comprises the following raw materials of active ingredients in parts by weight: 0.4-0.6 part of lysine, 0.4-0.6 part of methionine, 0.3-0.7 part of threonine, 1-2 parts of phytase, 1-2 parts of energy protease, 1-2 parts of neutral protease, 1-2 parts of cellulase, 0.1-0.3 part of vitamin complex, 0.1-0.3 part of mineral complex and 0.03-0.06 part of probiotic complex.
As a limitation of the present invention, the multivitamins consist of vitamin a, vitamin C and vitamin E.
As a further limitation of the invention, the compound vitamin comprises 2.6-2.8 parts of vitamin A, 2.8-3 parts of vitamin C and 0.5-1 part of vitamin E by weight.
As another limitation of the present invention, the composite mineral contains calcium, phosphorus, sodium, copper, iron, iodine, potassium, manganese, cobalt and magnesium.
As a further limitation of the invention, the composite mineral substance comprises, by weight, 0.1-0.5 part of calcium carbonate, 0.2-0.6 part of potassium phosphate, 0.3-0.8 part of sodium chloride, 0.1-0.3 part of copper sulfate, 0.5-1.2 parts of ferric sulfate, 0.1-0.3 part of potassium iodide, 0.1-0.6 part of manganese sulfate, 0.1-0.3 part of cobalt chloride and 0.1-0.5 part of magnesium chloride.
As a third limitation of the present invention, the complex probiotic consists of bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium.
As a further limitation of the invention, the composite probiotics contain more than or equal to 10 bacillus subtilis11CFU/g and enterococcus faecium is more than or equal to 1011CFU/g。
The invention also provides a preparation method of the ostrich feed additive, which is characterized in that all raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain the ostrich feed additive.
The invention also provides an application of the ostrich feed additive, and the ostrich feed additive is used for feeding ostriches to promote the growth of the ostriches and improve the phenomena of leg bone deformation, anorexia and gastrointestinal blockage of the ostriches.
As a limitation of the application of the invention, the ostrich feed additive is added into basic ration to feed the ostrich.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical progress that:
(1) the amino acid proportion in the feed of the ostrich is adjusted by adding lysine, methionine and threonine, so that the stress reaction is relieved, and the growth and development of the ostrich are promoted; the lysine has the functions of promoting growth and development, enhancing immunity, improving central nervous tissue function and gastric secretion, and the addition of the lysine is helpful for enhancing the appetite of the ostrich, promoting the absorption of amino acid and improving the situations of feed intake reduction and immunity reduction of the ostrich under the stress condition; methionine is the only essential amino acid containing sulfur, participates in the synthesis of choline, adrenaline and creatine and the metabolism of phosphorus, can provide raw materials for the synthesis of cystine and protein, has the functions of promoting cell proliferation and animal growth, and is beneficial to relieving stress pressure of ostriches, promoting the growth of ostriches and improving leg bone deformation caused by phosphorus metabolic disorder by adding lysine; threonine is used for adjusting the balance of amino acids in the feed, and is beneficial to saving protein resources;
(2) the feed absorption and digestion rate of the ostrich is improved by adding the phytase, the energy protease, the neutral protease and the cellulase, the feed cost is saved, the production performance is improved, and the ostrich is environment-friendly; the phytase can decompose natural organic phosphorus in the feed, improve the nutritional value of minerals in the ostrich feed, reduce phosphorus emission and reduce environmental pollution while improving the problem of mineral deficiency of the ostrich; the energy protease and the neutral protease are beneficial to improving the digestion and absorption of the ostrich and saving protein resources; the cellulase can destroy the cell wall of the plant, so that the nutrient substances in the cell are fully released, the digestion and absorption of the ostrich are facilitated, and the utilization rate of the feed is improved;
(3) the added compound vitamin is helpful for relieving stress reaction of the ostrich, improving the immunity of the ostrich and promoting the growth of the ostrich; wherein, the vitamin A has the effects of promoting growth and development and synthesizing immune globulin; the vitamin C can improve the utilization of calcium and iron elements by the ostrich, thereby improving the phenomenon of leg bone deformation of the ostrich, and in addition, the vitamin C can improve the anti-stress capability and immunity of the ostrich and promote the growth of the ostrich; the vitamin E has the effects of inhibiting free radicals and resisting oxidation, and is beneficial to relieving stress reaction;
(4) the specific content of each mineral element is selected and matched according to the ostrich constitution by the added composite mineral, so that the ostrich constitution is beneficial to enhancing, and the incidence of ostrich leg diseases is reduced;
(5) the bacillus subtilis and the enterococcus faecium added in the invention can decompose toxins such as zearalenone, vomitoxin and the like in the feed, are beneficial to maintaining the microbial balance of the gastrointestinal tract of the ostrich, improving the anorexia and gastrointestinal blockage of the ostrich and enhancing the organism immunity of the ostrich; the enzyme or small peptide secreted by the bacillus subtilis has obvious inhibition effect on the growth of pathogenic microorganisms (especially pathogenic bacteria such as salmonella, vibrio, escherichia coli, baculovirus and the like), can inhibit the mildew deterioration rate of feed in the transportation and storage processes, and reduces the incidence rate of gastroenteritis, and in addition, enzymes such as alpha-amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase and the like synthesized by the bacillus subtilis can help ostriches to digest better, so that the conversion rate of the feed is improved; the enterococcus faecium can be quickly adhered to intestinal mucosa, pathogenic bacteria are inhibited from being adhered to the intestinal tract through exclusion effect, so that the intestinal health is protected, the enterococcus faecium can also soften fibers in feed, enhance the activity of digestive enzyme and improve the digestibility of nutrient substances, and in addition, the enterococcus faecium can induce organisms to generate cytokines, interferon, interleukin and the like, so that the immunity of the ostrich is enhanced;
(6) the preparation method of the ostrich feed additive has the advantages of simple operation and low production cost, and is suitable for large-scale production;
in conclusion, the ostrich feed additive is prepared by taking lysine, methionine, threonine, phytase, energy protease, neutral protease, cellulase, compound vitamin, compound mineral and compound probiotics as raw materials and adopting a simple mixing method, can enhance the immunity of the ostrich, relieve the stress reaction and promote the growth and development of the ostrich, and is beneficial to maintaining the balance of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract of the ostrich, promoting the digestion and absorption of the ostrich and improving the utilization rate of the feed; the preparation method is simple, the production cost is low, the method is suitable for large-scale production, and the prepared ostrich feed has the effects of promoting the growth of the ostrich and improving the phenomena of leg bone deformation, anorexia and gastrointestinal blockage of the ostrich.
The preparation method is suitable for preparing the ostrich feed additive, and the prepared ostrich feed additive is suitable for feeding ostriches.
Detailed Description
The following specific examples further illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the invention thereto.
Example 1 preparation method of an ostrich feed additive
The embodiment is a preparation method of an ostrich feed additive, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 0.040kg of vitamin A, 0.045kg of vitamin C and 0.015kg of vitamin E, and mixing to obtain a mixture serving as a compound vitamin (vitamin A: vitamin C: vitamin E is 2.6:3:1) for later use;
s2, weighing 0.03kg of calcium carbonate, 0.04kg of potassium phosphate, 0.05kg of sodium chloride, 0.02kg of copper sulfate, 0.06kg of ferric sulfate, 0.02kg of potassium iodide, 0.03kg of manganese sulfate, 0.02kg of cobalt chloride and 0.03kg of magnesium chloride, and mixing to obtain a composite mineral substance (calcium carbonate: potassium phosphate: sodium chloride: copper sulfate: potassium iodide: manganese sulfate: cobalt chloride: magnesium chloride: 0.3: 0.4: 0.5: 0.2: 0.6: 0.2: 0.3: 0.2: 0.3) for later use;
s3, weighing 0.026kg of bacillus subtilis (purchased from Loyang Ogaku Bye Biotechnology GmbH, 200 hundred million/g) and 0.03kg of enterococcus faecium (purchased from Loyang Ogaku Bye Biotechnology GmbH, 200 hundred million/g), mixing to obtain composite probiotic (the content of bacillus subtilis is 5.2 × 10)11CFU/g, enterococcus faecium content 6 × 1011CFU/g), and reserving;
s4, weighing and mixing 0.55kg of lysine, 0.4kg of methionine, 0.3kg of threonine, 1kg of phytase (purchased from Shandong Kete enzyme preparation Co., Ltd., and the unit of enzyme activity is 5000-10000U/g), 1kg of energy protease (purchased from Shandong Kete enzyme preparation Co., Ltd., and the unit of enzyme activity is 5000-10000U/g), 2kg of neutral protease (purchased from Shandong Kete enzyme preparation Co., Ltd., and the unit of enzyme activity is 5000-10000U/g), 2kg of cellulase (purchased from Shandong Kete enzyme preparation Co., Ltd., and the unit of enzyme activity is 5000-10000U/g), 0.1kg of compound vitamin, 0.3kg of compound mineral substance and 0.056kg of compound probiotics to obtain the ostrich feed additive, wherein the label is M1.
Example 2-8 preparation method of ostrich feed additive
Examples 2 to 8 are methods for preparing ostrich feed additives, and the preparation steps are basically the same as those in example 1, except for the difference in the amount of the raw materials, which are specifically shown in table 1:
table 1 summary of the amounts of each raw material used in examples 2 to 8
Figure BDA0002760787670000051
Figure BDA0002760787670000061
The formula of the compound vitamin is shown in the following table:
TABLE 2 summary of the raw material amounts of multivitamins in examples 2 to 8
Figure BDA0002760787670000062
The formulation of the composite mineral is given in the following table:
TABLE 3 summary of the raw material amounts of the composite minerals in examples 2 to 8
Figure BDA0002760787670000063
Figure BDA0002760787670000071
The formula of the composite probiotics is shown in the following table:
table 4 summary of the amounts of the raw materials of the composite probiotics in examples 2 to 8
Figure BDA0002760787670000072
Example 9 application experiment of ostrich feed additive
The ostrich feed additives M1 to M8 provided in examples 1 to 8 were added to a common commercial feed (a special animal ostrich feed purchased from Beijing Innovation Gao nong fodder Co., Ltd.), and the mixed feeds were labeled AM1 to AM8 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the addition amounts of the M1 to M7 ostrich feed additives were 1% by weight of the common commercial feed.
180 young ostrich birds in the same batch are selected and randomly divided into 9 groups which are respectively a control group and experimental groups VA 1-VA 8, wherein the control group is used for feeding common commercial feed (special animal ostrich feed purchased from Beijing Innovation Gao nong fodder Co., Ltd.), the experimental groups VA 1-VA 8 are used for feeding AM 1-AM 8 respectively, the ostrich is fed regularly (the feed amount is the same for each time), the ostrich is fed continuously for 30 days, the average weight gain, the incidence rate of leg diseases and the incidence rate of gastrointestinal diseases of the ostrich are counted and recorded, and the results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 application experiment results of ostrich feed additives
Figure BDA0002760787670000081
The above table shows that the average weight gain of the ostrich in the experimental group VA 1-VA 8 is slightly higher than that of the control group, the incidence rate of leg diseases and the incidence rate of gastrointestinal diseases are obviously lower than those of the control group, and the experimental result shows that the ostrich feed additive provided by the invention is beneficial to enhancing the immunity of the ostrich, reducing the incidence rate of leg diseases and gastrointestinal diseases and promoting the growth and development of the ostrich.
Example 10 toxin degradation test of ostrich feed additive
Taking 9kg of ostrich feed (special animal ostrich feed purchased from Beijing Innovation Gao nong fodder Co., Ltd.) polluted by zearalenone and vomitoxin, dividing into 9 parts, respectively taking a blank control group and an experimental group VB 1-VB 8, wherein the blank group is not added with any substance, the experimental group VB 1-VB 8 are respectively added with 0.01kg of feed additives M1-M8, the blank control group and the experimental group VB 1-VB 8 are respectively added with 10kg of water, placing for 4 hours at 30 ℃, and measuring the contents of zearalenone and vomitoxin by using a kit of Beijing Huaan Macacaceae biotechnology Co., Ltd, wherein the test results are as follows:
TABLE 6 toxin degradation test results of ostrich feed additives
Figure BDA0002760787670000091
As can be seen from the above table, the contents of zearalenone and vomitoxin of the experimental groups VB 1-VB 8 are obviously lower than those of the blank control group, and the experimental results show that the ostrich feed additive provided by the invention has a degradation effect on zearalenone and vomitoxin, and is beneficial to preventing gastrointestinal diseases caused by deterioration of ostrich feed.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described above, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The ostrich feed additive is characterized in that the raw materials for preparing the effective components of the ostrich feed additive comprise the following components in parts by weight:
0.4-0.6 part of lysine, 0.4-0.6 part of methionine, 0.3-0.7 part of threonine, 1-2 parts of phytase, 1-2 parts of energy protease, 1-2 parts of neutral protease, 1-2 parts of cellulase, 0.1-0.3 part of vitamin complex, 0.1-0.3 part of mineral complex and 0.03-0.06 part of probiotic complex.
2. The ostrich feed additive of claim 1 wherein the multivitamin is comprised of vitamin a, vitamin C and vitamin E.
3. The ostrich feed additive according to claim 2, wherein the multivitamin comprises 2.6 to 2.8 parts by weight of vitamin A, 2.8 to 3 parts by weight of vitamin C and 0.5 to 1 part by weight of vitamin E.
4. The ostrich feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the composite mineral contains calcium, phosphorus, sodium, copper, iron, iodine, potassium, manganese, cobalt and magnesium.
5. The ostrich feed additive according to claim 4, wherein the composite mineral comprises, in parts by weight, 0.1 to 0.5 part of calcium carbonate, 0.2 to 0.6 part of potassium phosphate, 0.3 to 0.8 part of sodium chloride, 0.1 to 0.3 part of copper sulfate, 0.5 to 1.2 parts of iron sulfate, 0.1 to 0.3 part of potassium iodide, 0.1 to 0.6 part of manganese sulfate, 0.1 to 0.3 part of cobalt chloride, and 0.1 to 0.5 part of magnesium chloride.
6. The ostrich feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the composite probiotic is composed of Bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecium.
7. The ostrich feed additive according to claim 6 wherein the bacillus subtilis contained in the complex probiotics is not less than 1.0 x 1011CFU/g and enterococcus faecium is greater than or equal to 1.0 × 1011CFU/g。
8. The method for producing the ostrich feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that all the raw materials are mixed uniformly to obtain the ostrich feed additive.
9. The use of the ostrich feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the ostrich feed additive is used for feeding ostrich to promote the growth of ostrich and to improve the phenomena of leg bone deformation, anorexia and gastrointestinal obstruction of ostrich.
10. The use of the ostrich feed additive according to claim 9 wherein the ostrich feed additive is added to a basal diet to feed the ostrich.
CN202011217181.5A 2020-11-04 2020-11-04 Ostrich feed additive and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN114431355A (en)

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CN101120745A (en) * 2007-09-06 2008-02-13 河北圣农生态科技开发有限公司 Feed for ostrich
CN101606638A (en) * 2009-07-13 2009-12-23 郭伟 High-performance environment protective ostrich feed and preparation method thereof
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CN107772126A (en) * 2017-11-24 2018-03-09 郑荣 Ostrich young age feed and preparation method thereof
CN109123183A (en) * 2018-08-23 2019-01-04 河南牧鹤(集团)饲料有限公司 A kind of broiler fodder

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Title
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Application publication date: 20220506