CN111955620A - Special low-protein feed for laying hens and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Special low-protein feed for laying hens and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN111955620A
CN111955620A CN202010903829.8A CN202010903829A CN111955620A CN 111955620 A CN111955620 A CN 111955620A CN 202010903829 A CN202010903829 A CN 202010903829A CN 111955620 A CN111955620 A CN 111955620A
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parts
feed
laying hens
vitamin
low
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于雷
马百顺
刘方波
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Shandong Hemeihua Agriculture And Animal Husbandry Technology Co ltd
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Shandong Hemeihua Agriculture And Animal Husbandry Technology Co ltd
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
    • A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/189—Enzymes
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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Abstract

The disclosure relates to the field of chicken feed, and particularly provides a special low-protein feed for laying hens and a preparation method and application thereof. The feed additive comprises, by weight, 200 parts of meat and bone meal, 200 parts of palm meal, 260 parts of dicalcium phosphate, 50-150 parts of coarse stone powder, 350 parts of 250-70 parts of feed-grade sodium chloride, 10-20 parts of choline, 1-5 parts of betaine, 1-3 parts of an antioxidant, 15-25 parts of a composite trace element, 15-25 parts of a composite vitamin, 40-60 parts of lysine, 8-15 parts of methionine, 3-10 parts of threonine, 3-8 parts of a small-variety amino acid combination, 4-10 parts of a composite enzyme preparation, 3-6 parts of a composite microorganism bacterium and 5-10 parts of phytase. The feed consumption is reduced, and the laying rate and the egg quality of the laying hens are improved.

Description

Special low-protein feed for laying hens and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of chicken feed, and particularly provides a special low-protein feed for laying hens and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
At present, the animal husbandry in China faces two major bottleneck problems: pollution of livestock and poultry breeding and shortage of protein feed resources. The pollution of livestock and poultry breeding is mainly caused by nitrogen emission. The protein feed resources in China are seriously deficient, more than 80 percent of the protein feed resources depend on import, and the development of the livestock industrialization in China is influenced. Therefore, it is necessary to find and promote a substitution or reduction scheme for soybean meal. Based on the two bottleneck problems and the steady development of the synthetic amino acid industry, the low-protein daily ration is produced.
The low-protein daily ration is a novel daily ration developed on the basis of an ideal protein theory, and means that the level of Crude Protein (CP) of the daily ration is reduced by 2-4 percent on the basis of the American pig nutrition standard (NRC), and synthetic amino acid is added according to an ideal protein amino acid mode to meet the growth and production needs of animals. The low protein ration can reduce nitrogen emission and the dosage of protein raw materials under the condition of not influencing or even improving the growth performance of animals.
The improvement of the laying performance of the laying hens has certain correlation with the nutrient concentration of the feed, wherein the excessive addition of the protein raw materials is a common method, but the conventional protein raw materials are lack and seriously depend on import. At present, the digestion and absorption efficiency of protein in the feed is 40-60%, the rest part is discharged in an ammonia nitrogen form, and the use of excessive protein raw materials can damage the intestinal tract of the laying hen. Therefore, there is a need to develop a low-protein environment-friendly feed which can improve the intestinal health of the laying hens, improve the production performance of the laying hens, promote the digestion and absorption of protein raw materials and reduce the emission of ammonia nitrogen in excrement.
At present, the research on low-protein daily ration is many, but the research on the low-protein daily ration on laying hens is not many. In the prior art, a method for using a low-protein daily ration machine for laying hens exists, and the addition amount of a protein raw material in the daily ration is reduced by improving the concentration of amino acid and the balance of the amino acid in a complete feed for the laying hens. The prior art also provides a low-protein laying hen concentrated feed with balanced amino acid, and cystine and tryptophan are added into the laying hen concentrated feed to improve the amino acid balance so as to reduce the addition of protein raw materials.
However, the inventor finds that firstly, the laying hens in the prior art still generally have poor absorption of low-protein feed, and part of protein is discharged in the form of ammonia nitrogen, so that the feed is wasted and the environment is polluted. Secondly, the low-protein feed in the prior art meets the requirement that the feed such as soybean meal is less in addition, and adult laying hens for more than 50 days need 110 g/day of feed, so that the reduced feed such as the soybean meal needs to be supplemented with the low-protein feed, the consumption of the low-protein feed is generally higher than that of the conventional feed, and although the soybean cost is saved, the cost of the low-protein feed is greatly increased. Third, some of the low protein diets of the prior art may increase the laying rate of the layer, however, increasing the laying rate often comes at the cost of reducing the quality of the egg.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the low-protein feed is poorly absorbed by the laying hens in the prior art; the low-protein feed has large dosage and high cost; the low-protein feed can improve the laying rate and reduce the egg quality at the same time.
In one or some embodiments of the disclosure, a special low-protein feed for laying hens is provided, which comprises, by weight, 100 parts of meat and bone meal, 200 parts of palm meal, 50-150 parts of dicalcium phosphate, 250 parts of crude stone powder, 350 parts of feed-grade sodium chloride, 10-20 parts of choline, 1-5 parts of betaine, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, 15-25 parts of composite trace elements, 15-25 parts of composite vitamins, 40-60 parts of lysine, 8-15 parts of methionine, 3-10 parts of threonine, 3-8 parts of small-variety amino acid combination, 4-10 parts of complex enzyme preparation, 3-6 parts of composite microorganism bacteria, and 5-10 parts of phytase;
the small variety of amino acid combination is formed by combining one or more of leucine, isoleucine and valine in branched chain amino acid;
the compound enzyme preparation is formed by combining one or more of araboxylan, cellulase, xylanase, beta-glucanase, protease and alpha-galactosidase;
the compound microorganism bacterium is one or a plurality of bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecium and clostridium butyricum.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for preparing a low-protein feed special for laying hens is provided, which comprises the following steps,
carrying out acidolysis on 40-60 parts of lysine, 8-15 parts of methionine and 3-10 parts of threonine, neutralizing the mixture with NaOH after acidolysis till the pH is 7-8, and adding a small variety of amino acid combination;
adding dicalcium phosphate into meat and bone, grinding into small particles, and adding coarse stone powder; forming a calcium powder mixture;
adding the compound microorganism bacteria into the calcium powder mixture, and uniformly stirring;
adding appropriate amount of feed-grade sodium chloride, choline, betaine, antioxidant, compound trace elements, and compound vitamins;
the contents of the components are all in parts by weight.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, an application of the low-protein feed for laying hens or a product prepared by the preparation method of the low-protein feed for laying hens in laying hen feeding is provided.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, an application of the low-protein feed for laying hens or a product prepared by the preparation method of the low-protein feed for laying hens is provided, wherein the product is used for increasing the laying rate of the laying hens and increasing the egg quality of the laying hens.
One or more of the above technical solutions have the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1) the amino acid balance is improved by adding small-variety amino acids, and the use of daily ration protein raw materials is reduced; the digestion and absorption of crude protein are improved by applying a non-starch polysaccharide enzyme, phytase, protease and alpha-galactosidase compound enzyme preparation; by using the bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecium and clostridium butyricum composite microecological preparation, the intestinal health and the application of nutrient substances are improved; by adjusting the energy-saving egg ratio and reducing the abdominal fat rate of the laying hens, the low-protein environment-friendly feed is researched, the digestion and absorption of protein raw materials can be promoted, and the use of the village protein in the feed and the discharge of ammonia nitrogen in excrement of the laying hens can be reduced.
2) The special low-protein feed for laying hens disclosed by the disclosure improves the laying rate and improves the egg quality without reduction under the condition of less feed consumption. The excrement weight of the laying hens is detected, and the excrement weight for feeding the laying hens is found to be light, so that obviously, the laying rate and the egg quality can be improved on the premise of reducing the feed consumption by the laying hens, and the laying hens have better absorption effect on the special low-protein feed for the laying hens in a test group.
3) The method disclosed by the disclosure tries to change the variety of the small variety of amino acids, and finds that the laying rate and the egg quality of the laying hens are not improved, but the poor nutrition of the laying hens is caused, so that the specificity of the components of the small variety of amino acids on the laying hens is realized, and when the components are changed, the absorption of nutritional ingredients is not facilitated.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Aiming at the problem that the low-protein feed is poorly absorbed by the laying hens in the prior art; the low-protein feed has large dosage and high cost; the low-protein feed can improve the laying rate and reduce the egg quality at the same time.
In one or some embodiments of the disclosure, a special low-protein feed for laying hens is provided, which comprises, by weight, 100 parts of meat and bone meal, 200 parts of palm meal, 50-150 parts of dicalcium phosphate, 250 parts of crude stone powder, 350 parts of feed-grade sodium chloride, 10-20 parts of choline, 1-5 parts of betaine, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, 15-25 parts of composite trace elements, 15-25 parts of composite vitamins, 40-60 parts of lysine, 8-15 parts of methionine, 3-10 parts of threonine, 3-8 parts of small-variety amino acid combination, 4-10 parts of complex enzyme preparation, 3-6 parts of composite microorganism bacteria, and 5-10 parts of phytase;
the small variety of amino acid combination is formed by combining one or more of leucine, isoleucine and valine in branched chain amino acid;
the compound enzyme preparation is formed by combining one or more of araboxylan, cellulase, xylanase, beta-glucanase, protease and alpha-galactosidase;
the compound microorganism bacterium is one or a plurality of bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecium and clostridium butyricum.
Wherein, branched chain amino acids: branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs), including leucine, isoleucine, valine, may play a biological regulatory role. For example, valine can regulate the feed intake of laying hens. The three non-essential amino acids required for protein synthesis must be produced metabolically by BCAAs.
Non-starch polysaccharide enzyme: non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), the main component of feed fibers, which enclose the feed nutrients inside the cell walls, part of the fibers can dissolve in water and produce a sticky mass. If these NSPs are removed, nutrients can be released from the cell wall, thereby improving the metabolic energy and protein utilization. The enzyme preparation is added into the feed to remove the NSP, such as starch and protein surrounded by cell structure in the soybean meal can be released, thereby improving the metabolic energy of the soybean meal and the utilization rate of the protein.
α -galactosidase: alpha-galactosidase (alpha-Gal, EC3.2.1.22) also known as melibiase, alpha-D-galactosidase or alpha-galactosidase, alpha-galactosidase a, is an exoglycosidase widely found in nature; it can specifically catalyze the hydrolysis of alpha-1, 6 galactoside bond at the end of sugar chain in polysaccharide, glycolipid and glycoprotein. The alpha-galactoside content in the soybean meal is up to 5-7 percent, and is the most main anti-nutritional factor in the corn-soybean meal type daily ration. The alpha-galactosidase is added into the feed as an exogenous enzyme, which can effectively promote the decomposition of alpha-galactosidase in the feed raw materials, eliminate the anti-nutritional effect caused by the substances, improve the utilization rate of nutrients in the feed, provide more energy for organisms and promote the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms in intestinal tracts.
Compound microecological preparation: bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecium and clostridium butyricum. The bacillus subtilis exists in an aerobic environment, consumes organic acid generated by oxygen metabolism to improve the intestinal environment, improves the growth of beneficial bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria and the like, and inhibits the proliferation of escherichia coli and salmonella; enterococcus faecium is suitable for micro-aerobic environment, has strong occupying effect when being taken from intestinal tract, promotes intestinal tract development and ensures mucous membrane barrier; the clostridium butyricum is suitable for anaerobic environment, has strong stress resistance, and can generate butyric acid, repair intestinal mucosa and treat enteritis. Through the action sites of different strains and the requirement on the environment, the combination of the bacillus subtilis, the enterococcus faecium and the clostridium butyricum can play a greater role than the use of a single strain.
Phytase: increasing the content of intestinal phytase, stimulating the development of phytase, and improving the absorption and utilization rate of phytate phosphorus in the feed for the laying hens.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following components, by weight, 150 parts of meat bone meal, 250 parts of palm meal, 100 parts of dicalcium phosphate, 300 parts of coarse stone powder, 60-70 parts of feed-grade sodium chloride, 10-20 parts of choline, 1-5 parts of betaine, 1-3 parts of an antioxidant, 15-25 parts of a composite trace element, 15-25 parts of a composite vitamin, 40-60 parts of lysine, 8-15 parts of methionine, 3-10 parts of threonine, 5 parts of a small-variety amino acid combination, 8 parts of a complex enzyme preparation, 4 parts of a composite microorganism bacterium and 5-10 parts of phytase.
Preferably, the compound trace elements are one or more of copper sulfate, ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, sodium selenite and calcium iodate.
Preferably, the vitamin complex is one or more of vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K3, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, folic acid and biotin.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for preparing a low-protein feed special for laying hens is provided, which comprises the following steps,
carrying out acidolysis on 40-60 parts of lysine, 8-15 parts of methionine and 3-10 parts of threonine, neutralizing the mixture with NaOH after acidolysis till the pH is 7-8, and adding a small variety of amino acid combination;
adding dicalcium phosphate into meat and bone, grinding into small particles, and adding coarse stone powder; forming a calcium powder mixture;
adding the compound microorganism bacteria into the calcium powder mixture, and uniformly stirring;
adding appropriate amount of feed-grade sodium chloride, choline, betaine, antioxidant, compound trace elements, and compound vitamins;
the contents of the components are all in parts by weight.
Preferably, the minor variety of amino acid combination is one or more of leucine, isoleucine and valine in branched chain amino acid.
Preferably, the composite micro-ecology is formed by combining one or more of bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecium and clostridium butyricum.
Preferably, the acidolysis is carried out with hydrochloric acid.
Preferably, the meat and bone meal and the mono-dicalcium phosphate are ground to 150-200 mesh.
Further preferably, the meat and bone meal and the mono-dicalcium phosphate are ground to 180 mesh.
Preferably 50-70 parts of sodium chloride, 10-20 parts of choline, 1-5 parts of betaine, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, 15-25 parts of compound trace elements and 15-25 parts of compound vitamin.
Preferably, the composite enzyme preparation, the phytase and the palm meal are uniformly mixed and added.
Preferably, the complex enzyme preparation is formed by combining one or more of arabinoxylanase, cellulase, xylanase, beta-glucanase, protease and alpha-galactosidase.
Preferably, the ratio of the special low-protein feed for laying hens to the complex enzyme preparation and the phytase to palm meal mixture is 7-8: 1.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, an application of the low-protein feed for laying hens or a product prepared by the preparation method of the low-protein feed for laying hens in laying hen feeding is provided.
Preferably, 68-70 parts of corn, 15-20 parts of soybean meal, 0-1 part of soybean oil, 5-10g of stone powder and 5 parts of the feed are prepared into complete feed to prepare feed, and the feed amount is the daily feed amount of each chicken.
Preferably, 68.5 parts of corn, 18 parts of soybean meal, 0.5 part of soybean oil, 8g of stone powder and 5 parts of the feed are prepared into complete feed to prepare the feed, and the feed is the daily feed amount of each chicken.
Preferably, the daily feed is 90-100g, preferably 100 g.
In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, an application of the low-protein feed for laying hens or a product prepared by the preparation method of the low-protein feed for laying hens is provided, wherein the product is used for increasing the laying rate of the laying hens and increasing the egg quality of the laying hens.
Preferably, the improvement of the egg quality of the laying hens refers to the improvement of egg weight, eggshell strength, hardness and egg shape index.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of a special low-protein feed for laying hens, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out acidolysis on 49 parts of lysine, 11 parts of methionine and 8 parts of threonine by using hydrochloric acid, neutralizing the hydrolyzed solution by using NaOH until the pH value is 7-8, adding 6 parts of small-variety amino acid, 7 parts of complex enzyme preparation, 7 parts of phytase and 230 parts of palm meal, and uniformly mixing;
adding 100 parts of monocalcium phosphate into meat bones, grinding the mixture to 180 meshes in a synergistic manner, grinding the mixture into small particles, and adding 310 parts of coarse stone powder; forming a calcium powder mixture; is 150 parts of meat and bone meal,
adding the composite microbial bacteria 5 powder into the meat and bone meal, and uniformly stirring;
adding a proper amount of feed-grade sodium chloride 60 parts, choline 14 parts, betaine 2 parts, antioxidant 1 part, compound trace elements 20 parts and compound vitamins 20 parts;
the contents of the components are all in parts by weight;
wherein, the composite trace elements comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 1.62 percent of blue vitriol, 14.7 percent of ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 17.2 percent of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 13.61 percent of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.059 percent of sodium selenite, 0.081 percent of calcium iodate, and the balance of universal carrier.
Wherein, the composite vitamin comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6.5 percent of vitamin A, 1.7 percent of vitamin D3, 16.3 percent of vitamin E, 1.6 percent of vitamin K3, 0.75 percent of vitamin B1, 2.0 percent of vitamin B2, 1.25 percent of vitamin B6, 0.5 percent of vitamin B12, 11.4 percent of nicotinic acid, 4.2 percent of pantothenic acid, 0.35 percent of folic acid, 1.25 percent of biotin and the balance of universal carrier.
Wherein, the minor variety amino acid combination comprises leucine, isoleucine, valine and glycine, wherein the amino acid combination of the minor variety comprises leucine: isoleucine: valine: the weight ratio of the glycine to the glycine is 2:2:1: 2.
Wherein the complex enzyme preparation comprises cellulase more than or equal to 2000U/g, xylanase more than or equal to 2000U/g, protease more than or equal to 5000U/g and alpha-galactosidase more than or equal to 2000U/g.
Wherein, the compound microorganism bacterium contains bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecium and clostridium butyricum, and the bacillus subtilis: enterococcus faecium: the weight ratio of clostridium butyricum is 1:2:2, and each kilogram of the composite microecological preparation contains 300000 billion of effective viable bacteria.
Comparative example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a special low-protein feed for laying hens, which comprises the following steps: the difference from example 1 is that the small amino acids are alanine, tryptophan, valine, glycine, alanine: tryptophan: valine: glycine was used in a weight ratio of 2:2:1:2, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Example 2
The low-protein feed (test group) special for laying hens, which is described in example 1, and the low-protein feed (control group) special for laying hens, which is described in comparative example 1, are fed, and the method comprises the following steps:
the total 30 laying hens are Luo island red hen hens, adult chickens of more than 50 days are selected, and each group contains 10 laying hens.
The experimental group feeding method comprises the following steps: 68.5g of corn, 18g of soybean meal, 0.5g of soybean oil, 8g of mountain flour and 5g of the feed described in example 1 are prepared into complete feed to prepare 100g of feed for each chicken per day.
Control group 1 feeding method: the feed is prepared by mixing 71.5g of corn, 25g of soybean meal, 0.5g of soybean oil, 8g of mountain flour and 5g of the feed described in the comparative example 1 into 110g of feed for each chicken per day.
Control group 2 feeding method: 68.5g of corn, 18g of soybean meal, 0.5g of soybean oil, 8g of mountain flour and 5g of the feed in the comparative example 1 are prepared into complete feed to prepare 100g of feed for each chicken per day.
The chickens in the test group and the control group are subjected to excrement weighing every day, the average value of 30 days is taken, and the test results are as follows:
group of Control group Test group Test group improvement
Laying rate (%) 90.26 91.42 1.29％
Average egg weight (g) 62.53 62.71 0.29％
Egg shape index 1.26 1.28 1.59％
Ha's unit 79.82 81.24 1.78％
Eggshell strength (N) 35.21 37.64 6.90
Thickness of eggshell (mm) 0.396 0.413 4.29％
Material to egg ratio 2.31 2.29 -0.87％
Body weight (kg) of laying hen 1.91 1.97 3.14％
Death rate (%) 0.12 0.08 -33.33％
Stool weight (g) 60g 45g -0.25％
As can be seen from the comparison between the test group and the control group described in example 1, the egg production rate was improved and the egg quality was improved in the test group described in example 1 with a smaller amount of feed. The test group and the control group are detected to find that the test group is lighter in the excrement weight of the laying hens, obviously, the test group can improve the laying rate and the egg quality on the premise of reducing the feed consumption, and the laying hens have better absorption effect on the special low-protein feed for the laying hens in the test group.
Since the laying hens in the control group 2 stop laying eggs successively due to malnutrition at days 4 to 10, the amount of excrements is increased rapidly, and part of the excrements begin to fall hair, and the experiment of the control group 2 is stopped, it can be seen that the analysis effect cannot be obtained when the types of the small variety of amino acids are changed.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a special low-protein feed for laying hens: the preparation method described in example 1 was used, and the raw materials were as follows:
according to the weight parts, 150 parts of imported meat and bone meal, 228 parts of palm meal, 100 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 315 parts of coarse stone powder, 60 parts of feed-grade sodium chloride, 12 parts of choline, 2 parts of betaine, 1 part of antioxidant, 20 parts of composite trace elements, 20 parts of composite vitamins, 50 parts of lysine, 12 parts of methionine, 7 parts of threonine, 4 parts of small-variety amino acid combination, 7 parts of composite enzyme preparation, 5 parts of composite microecology and 7 parts of phytase.
Wherein, the composite trace elements comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 1.62 percent of blue vitriol, 14.7 percent of ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 17.2 percent of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 13.61 percent of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.059 percent of sodium selenite, 0.081 percent of calcium iodate, and the balance of universal carrier.
Wherein, the composite vitamin comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6.5 percent of vitamin A, 1.7 percent of vitamin D3, 16.3 percent of vitamin E, 1.6 percent of vitamin K3, 0.75 percent of vitamin B1, 2.0 percent of vitamin B2, 1.25 percent of vitamin B6, 0.5 percent of vitamin B12, 11.4 percent of nicotinic acid, 4.2 percent of pantothenic acid, 0.35 percent of folic acid, 1.25 percent of biotin and the balance of universal carrier.
Wherein, the minor variety amino acid combination comprises leucine, isoleucine, valine and glycine, wherein the amino acid combination of the minor variety comprises leucine: isoleucine: valine: the weight ratio of the glycine to the glycine is 2:2:1: 2.
Wherein the complex enzyme preparation comprises cellulase more than or equal to 2000U/g, xylanase more than or equal to 2000U/g, protease more than or equal to 5000U/g and alpha-galactosidase more than or equal to 2000U/g.
Wherein, the composite microecological preparation contains bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecium, clostridium butyricum, bacillus subtilis: enterococcus faecium: the weight ratio of clostridium butyricum is 1:2:2, and each kilogram of the composite microecological preparation contains 300000 billion of effective viable bacteria.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides a special low-protein feed for laying hens: the preparation method described in example 1 was used, and the raw materials were as follows:
the feed additive comprises, by weight, 150 parts of imported meat and bone meal, 236 parts of palm meal, 80 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 330 parts of coarse stone powder, 60 parts of feed-grade sodium chloride, 10 parts of choline, 2 parts of betaine, 1 part of antioxidant, 20 parts of composite trace elements, 20 parts of composite vitamins, 50 parts of lysine, 11 parts of methionine, 6 parts of threonine, 6 parts of small-variety amino acid combination, 6 parts of composite enzyme preparation, 5 parts of composite microecology and 7 parts of phytase.
Wherein, the composite trace elements comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 1.62 percent of blue vitriol, 14.7 percent of ferrous sulfate monohydrate, 17.2 percent of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 13.61 percent of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.059 percent of sodium selenite, 0.081 percent of calcium iodate, and the balance of universal carrier.
Wherein, the composite vitamin comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6.5 percent of vitamin A, 1.7 percent of vitamin D3, 16.3 percent of vitamin E, 1.6 percent of vitamin K3, 0.75 percent of vitamin B1, 2.0 percent of vitamin B2, 1.25 percent of vitamin B6, 0.5 percent of vitamin B12, 11.4 percent of nicotinic acid, 4.2 percent of pantothenic acid, 0.35 percent of folic acid, 1.25 percent of biotin and the balance of universal carrier.
Wherein, the minor variety amino acid combination comprises leucine, isoleucine, valine and glycine, wherein the amino acid combination of the minor variety comprises leucine: isoleucine: valine: the weight ratio of the glycine to the glycine is 2:2:1: 2.
Wherein the complex enzyme preparation comprises cellulase more than or equal to 2000U/g, xylanase more than or equal to 2000U/g, protease more than or equal to 5000U/g and alpha-galactosidase more than or equal to 2000U/g.
Wherein, the composite microecological preparation contains bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecium, clostridium butyricum, bacillus subtilis: enterococcus faecium: the weight ratio of clostridium butyricum is 1:2:2, and each kilogram of the composite microecological preparation contains 300000 billion of effective viable bacteria.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, the present invention is not limited by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A special low-protein feed for laying hens is characterized in that: the feed additive comprises, by weight, 200 parts of meat and bone meal, 200 parts of palm meal, 260 parts of dicalcium phosphate, 50-150 parts of coarse stone powder, 350 parts of 250-70 parts of feed-grade sodium chloride, 10-20 parts of choline, 1-5 parts of betaine, 1-3 parts of an antioxidant, 15-25 parts of a composite trace element, 15-25 parts of a composite vitamin, 40-60 parts of lysine, 8-15 parts of methionine, 3-10 parts of threonine, 3-8 parts of a small-variety amino acid composition, 4-10 parts of a composite enzyme preparation, 3-6 parts of a composite microorganism bacterium and 5-10 parts of phytase;
the small variety of amino acid combination is formed by combining one or more of leucine, isoleucine and valine in branched chain amino acid;
the compound enzyme preparation is formed by combining one or more of araboxylan, cellulase, xylanase, beta-glucanase, protease and alpha-galactosidase;
the compound microorganism bacterium is one or a plurality of bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecium and clostridium butyricum.
2. The low-protein feed special for laying hens as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the feed additive comprises, by weight, 200 parts of meat and bone meal, 250 parts of palm meal, 150 parts of dicalcium phosphate, 300 parts of coarse stone powder, 60-70 parts of feed-grade sodium chloride, 10-20 parts of choline, 1-5 parts of betaine, 1-3 parts of an antioxidant, 15-25 parts of a composite trace element, 15-25 parts of a composite vitamin, 40-60 parts of lysine, 8-15 parts of methionine, 3-10 parts of threonine, 5 parts of a small-variety amino acid composition, 8 parts of a complex enzyme preparation, 4 parts of a composite microorganism bacterium and 5-10 parts of phytase.
3. The low-protein feed special for laying hens as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the compound microelement is one or more of copper sulfate, ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, sodium selenite and calcium iodate.
4. The low-protein feed special for laying hens as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the compound vitamin is one or more of vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K3, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, folic acid and biotin.
5. A preparation method of a special low-protein feed for laying hens is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
carrying out acidolysis on 40-60 parts of lysine, 8-15 parts of methionine and 3-10 parts of threonine, neutralizing the mixture with NaOH after acidolysis till the pH is 7-8, and adding a small variety of amino acid combination;
adding dicalcium phosphate into meat and bone, grinding into small particles, and adding coarse stone powder; forming a calcium powder mixture;
adding the compound microorganism bacteria into the calcium powder mixture, and uniformly stirring;
adding a proper amount of feed-grade sodium chloride, choline, betaine, antioxidant, compound trace elements and compound vitamins;
the contents of the components are all in parts by weight;
preferably, the minor variety of amino acid combination is one or more of leucine, isoleucine and valine in branched chain amino acid;
preferably, the composite micro-ecology is formed by combining one or more of bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecium and clostridium butyricum;
preferably, acidolysis is carried out with hydrochloric acid;
preferably, the meat and bone meal and the dicalcium phosphate are ground to 150-200 meshes;
further preferably, the meat and bone meal and the monocalcium phosphate are ground to 180 meshes;
preferably 50-70 parts of sodium chloride, 10-20 parts of choline, 1-5 parts of betaine, 1-3 parts of antioxidant, 15-25 parts of compound trace elements and 15-25 parts of compound vitamin.
6. The preparation method of the low-protein feed special for laying hens according to claim 5, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: also comprises a complex enzyme preparation, phytase and palm meal which are evenly mixed and added;
preferably, the complex enzyme preparation is formed by combining one or more of arabinoxylanase, cellulase, xylanase, beta-glucanase, protease and alpha-galactosidase;
preferably, the ratio of the special low-protein feed for laying hens to the complex enzyme preparation and the phytase to palm meal mixture is 7-8: 1.
7. Use of the low-protein feed for laying hens according to any one of claims 1-5 or the product prepared by the preparation method of the low-protein feed for laying hens according to claim 5 or 6 in laying hen feeding.
Preferably, 68-70 parts of corn, 15-20 parts of soybean meal, 0-1 part of soybean oil, 5-10g of stone powder and 5 parts of the feed are prepared into complete feed to prepare feed, and the feed amount is the feed amount per chicken per day;
further preferably, 68.5 parts of corn, 18 parts of bean pulp, 0.5 part of soybean oil, 8g parts of stone powder and 5 parts of the feed are prepared into complete feed to prepare feed, and the feed amount is the feed amount per chicken per day.
8. Use according to claim 7, wherein the daily feed is 90-100g, preferably 100 g.
9. Use of the low-protein feed for laying hens according to any one of claims 1-4 or the product prepared by the preparation method of the low-protein feed for laying hens according to claim 5 or 6, for improving the laying rate of laying hens and improving the laying quality of the laying hens.
10. The use of claim 9, wherein the improvement of egg quality of laying hens is the improvement of egg weight, eggshell strength, hardness, egg shape index.
CN202010903829.8A 2020-09-01 2020-09-01 Special low-protein feed for laying hens and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN111955620A (en)

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