CN114410720A - 蛋白菊多肽的制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114410720A CN114410720A CN202210022731.0A CN202210022731A CN114410720A CN 114410720 A CN114410720 A CN 114410720A CN 202210022731 A CN202210022731 A CN 202210022731A CN 114410720 A CN114410720 A CN 114410720A
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- polypeptide
- chrysanthemum
- protein
- mass
- supernatant
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Abstract
本发明公开了蛋白菊多肽的制备方法及应用,蛋白菊多肽的制备方法,包括:将菊花粉碎后过筛,得粉碎料,将粉碎料与水按质量比1:5‑10混合,调节pH值至8‑10,50‑60℃下保温2‑3h后,加入粉碎料质量1‑2%的碱性蛋白酶,45‑55℃下酶解2‑3h,再85‑95℃下保温15‑30min,之后调节pH值至6‑7,离心,取上清液;向上清液中加入疏水改性环糊精,搅拌后静置,之后加入乙醇,静置后,离心,取上清液,用超滤膜超滤,减压浓缩,冷冻干燥,得蛋白菊多肽。通过在多肽提取过程中加入疏水改性环糊精,能提高多肽的纯度。本发明制备的蛋白菊多肽能在营养食品、保健食品、运动食品、化妆品或护肤品方面进行应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及多肽加工技术领域。更具体地说,本发明涉及蛋白菊多肽的制备方法及应用。
背景技术
大叶蛋白菊,既是一种观赏性的菊花,也是富含蛋白质等营养元素的新奇蔬菜。大叶蛋白菊营养价值丰富,据分析测定:每100克干物质中,粗蛋白为26.78%,粗脂肪为3.51%,粗纤维为26.27%,含有18种氨基酸、SOD、黄酮类、胡萝卜素、VC、VB、VE以及磷、钙、果糖、多种微量元素等。新鲜叶片和嫩茎中的蛋白质含量更是高于牛奶,而且不含激素和抗生素。
大叶蛋白菊蛋白质含量丰富,将其合理利用,制备成多肽,再将多肽加工制成营养食品、保健品、护肤品等,能提高大叶蛋白菊的附加值和市场竞争力。但现有技术中并没有公开大叶蛋白菊多肽的制备方法,因此急需确定一种大叶蛋白菊多肽的制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供蛋白菊多肽的制备方法,其能提高最终产物中多肽的纯度。
本发明的另一个目的是提供蛋白菊多肽的应用,将其应用在营养食品、保健食品、运动食品、化妆品或护肤品方面,能使产品具有抗氧化的功效。
为了实现根据本发明的这些目的和其它优点,提供了蛋白菊多肽的制备方法,包括:
步骤一、将大叶蛋白菊菊花粉碎过筛,得粉碎料;
步骤二、将粉碎料与水按质量比为1:5-10混合,调节pH值至8-10,50-60℃下保温2-3h后,加入粉碎料质量1-2%的碱性蛋白酶,45-55℃下酶解2-3h,再85-95℃下保温 15-30min,之后调节pH值至6-7,离心,取上清液;
步骤三、向上清液中加入疏水改性环糊精,搅拌后静置,之后加入乙醇,至乙醇的体积百分比达到70-90%,静置后,离心,取上清液,用超滤膜超滤,减压浓缩,冷冻干燥,得蛋白菊多肽。
优选的是,所述的蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入质量为上清液质量0.001-0.0017%的疏水改性环糊精。
优选的是,所述的蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述疏水改性环糊精为2,6-二乙基-β- 环糊精、2,3,6-三乙基-β-环糊精、2,3,6-三乙酰基β-环糊精、2,3,6三丙酰基β-环糊精、2,3,6三丁酰基β-环糊精或2,3,6-三己酰基β-环糊精中的一种或几种。
优选的是,所述的蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入疏水改性环糊精搅拌后,静置温度为27-28℃,静置时间为30-40h。
优选的是,所述的蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入质量为上清液质量0.0014%的疏水改性环糊精。
优选的是,所述的蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中,加入乙醇后,静置12-15h。
优选的是,所述的蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述疏水改性环糊精为2,6-二乙基-β- 环糊精。
蛋白菊多肽在营养食品、保健食品、运动食品、化妆品或护肤品方面的应用。
含蛋白菊多肽的固体饮料的制作方法,包括:
将质量比为2:1的山楂和苹果洗净、去皮、去核后切碎,加入质量分数为0.8-1.0%的柠檬酸水溶液,将切碎的水果刚好没过,之后匀浆,然后高压蒸制12min,过滤,得水果提取液,向水果提取液中加入水果提取液质量1/3-1/2的益生元、1/3-1/2的蛋白菊多肽、 1/4-1/3的红糖后80-85℃熬制,冷却,调pH,过滤,之后加入滤液质量2/5-3/5的冻干益生菌菌粉后,减压干燥,即得固体饮料。
优选的是,含蛋白菊多肽的固体饮料的制作方法中,所述益生菌由乳双歧杆菌、动物乳双歧杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌和罗伊氏乳杆菌按质量比为1∶2∶4∶3的配比混合制得;
所述益生元由菊粉、低聚异麦芽糖,低聚乳果糖和低聚木糖按质量比为1∶2∶1∶0.5的配比混合制得。
本发明至少包括以下有益效果:
本发明通过在多肽提取过程中加入疏水改性环糊精,能使疏水改性环糊精对醛、酮与胺类等物质形成包埋,利于之后与水溶性的多肽进行分离。乙醇溶液中通过加入(R)-3- 羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮与(S)-3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮,并限定两者的特定配比,能增强体系中醛、酮与胺类等物质在有机相的溶解性,进而有利于醛、酮与胺类等物质与水溶性的多肽进行分离,并降低醛、酮与胺类等物质对多肽的降解程度,从而提高多肽的得率和最终产品中多肽的纯度。
本发明的其它优点、目标和特征将部分通过下面的说明体现,部分还将通过对本发明的研究和实践而为本领域的技术人员所理解。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明,以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
需要说明的是,下述实施方案中所述实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法,所述试剂和材料,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径获得。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法,包括:
步骤一、将大叶蛋白菊菊花粉碎过筛,得粉碎料;
步骤二、将粉碎料与水按质量比1:5-10混合,调节pH值至8-10,50-60℃下保温2-3h 后,加入粉碎料质量1-2%的碱性蛋白酶,45-55℃下酶解2-3h,再85-95℃下保温15-30min,之后调节pH值至6-7,离心,取上清液;
步骤三、向上清液中加入疏水改性环糊精,搅拌后静置,使疏水改性环糊精对醛、酮与胺类等物质形成包埋,之后加入乙醇,至乙醇的体积百分比达到70-90%,静置,使醛、酮与胺类等物质溶解在乙醇中后,离心,取上清液,用超滤膜超滤,减压浓缩,冷冻干燥,得蛋白菊多肽。通过醇沉,使杂质与多肽进行分离,从而提高多肽产品的纯度。
环糊精分子具有略呈锥形的中空圆筒立体环状结构,在其空洞结构中,外侧上端(较大开口端)由C2和C3的仲羟基构成,下端(较小开口端)由C6的伯羟基构成,具有亲水性,而空腔内由于受到C-H键的屏蔽作用形成了疏水区。环糊精的疏水性空洞内可嵌入各种有机化合物,形成包接复合物。通过在多肽提取过程中加入疏水改性环糊精,能使疏水改性环糊精对醛、酮与胺类等物质形成包埋,利于之后与水溶性的多肽进行分离。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入质量为上清液质量0.001-0.0017%的疏水改性环糊精。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述疏水改性环糊精为2,6-二乙基-β-环糊精、2,3,6-三乙基-β-环糊精、2,3,6-三乙酰基β-环糊精、2,3,6三丙酰基β-环糊精、2,3,6三丁酰基β-环糊精或2,3,6-三己酰基β-环糊精中的一种或几种。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入疏水改性环糊精搅拌后,静置温度为27-28℃,静置时间为30-40h。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入质量为上清液质量0.0014%的疏水改性环糊精。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中,加入乙醇后,静置12-15h。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中加入的乙醇中含有1.4-1.6%的3-羟基-5-甲基 -2,4-咪唑啉酮,且3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮中含有(R)-3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮 80-82%。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述疏水改性环糊精为2,6-二乙基-β-环糊精。
为了进一步提高多肽的得率和最终产品中多肽的纯度,本技术方案还可以包括以下技术细节,以更好地实现技术效果:蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中加入的乙醇中含有1.5%的3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮,且3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮中含有(R)-3- 羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮81%。乙醇溶液中通过加入(R)-3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮与 (S)-3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮,并限定两者的特定配比,能增强体系中醛、酮与胺类等物质在有机相的溶解性,进而有利于醛、酮与胺类等物质与水溶性的多肽进行分离,并降低醛、酮与胺类等物质对多肽的降解程度,从而提高多肽的得率和最终产品中多肽的纯度。
蛋白菊多肽在营养食品、保健食品、运动食品、化妆品或护肤品方面的应用。
固体饮料的制作方法:将质量比为2:1的山楂和苹果洗净去皮去核后切碎,加入质量分数为0.8-1.0%的柠檬酸水溶液,将切碎的水果刚好没过,匀浆,然后高压蒸制12min,过滤,得水果提取液,向水果提取液中加入水果提取液质量1/3-1/2的益生元、1/3-1/2的蛋白菊多肽、1/4-1/3的红糖后80-85℃熬制,冷却,调pH,过滤,之后加入滤液质量2/5-3/5 的冻干益生菌菌粉后减压干燥,包装贮藏,即得固体饮料。
蛋白菊多肽的固体饮料的制作方法中,所述益生菌由乳双歧杆菌、动物乳双歧杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌和罗伊氏乳杆菌按质量比为1∶2∶4∶3的配比混合制得;
所述益生元由菊粉、低聚异麦芽糖,低聚乳果糖和低聚木糖按质量比为1∶2∶1∶0.5的配比混合制得。
实施例1
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法,包括:
步骤一、将大叶蛋白菊菊花粉碎过40目筛后,得粉碎料;
步骤二、将10g粉碎料与水按质量比1:8混合,调节pH值至9.5,55℃下保温3h后,加入粉碎料质量1.5%的碱性蛋白酶,50℃下酶解3h,再90℃下保温15min灭酶,之后调节pH值至6.5,8000r/min条件下离心15min,取上清液;
步骤三、向上清液中加入疏水改性环糊精,搅拌后静置,使疏水改性环糊精对醛、酮与胺类等物质形成包埋,之后加入乙醇,至乙醇的体积百分比达到85%,静置,使醛、酮与胺类等物质溶解在乙醇中后,离心,取上清液,用分子截留量为3kDa的超滤膜超滤,收集分子量在3kDa以下的多肽溶液,53℃下减压浓缩至膏状,冷冻干燥,得蛋白菊多肽。通过醇沉,使杂质与多肽进行分离,从而提高多肽产品的纯度。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入质量为上清液质量0.0014%的疏水改性环糊精。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入疏水改性环糊精搅拌后,静置温度为27℃,静置时间为35h。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中,加入乙醇后,静置14h。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述疏水改性环糊精为2,6-二乙基-β-环糊精。
蛋白菊多肽在营养食品、保健食品、运动食品、化妆品或护肤品方面的应用。
实施例2
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法,包括:
步骤一、将大叶蛋白菊菊花粉碎过40目筛后,得粉碎料;
步骤二、将10g粉碎料与水按质量比1:5混合,调节pH值至8,50℃下保温2h后,加入粉碎料质量1%的碱性蛋白酶,45℃下酶解2h,再85℃下保温15min灭酶,之后调节 pH值至6,8000r/min条件下离心15min,取上清液;
步骤三、向上清液中加入疏水改性环糊精,搅拌后静置,使疏水改性环糊精对醛、酮与胺类等物质形成包埋,之后加入乙醇,至乙醇的体积百分比达到70%,静置,使醛、酮与胺类等物质溶解在乙醇中后,离心,取上清液,用分子截留量为3kDa的超滤膜超滤,收集分子量在3kDa以下的多肽溶液,53℃下减压浓缩至膏状,冷冻干燥,得蛋白菊多肽。通过醇沉,使杂质与多肽进行分离,从而提高多肽产品的纯度。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入质量为上清液质量0.001%的疏水改性环糊精。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入疏水改性环糊精搅拌后,静置温度为27℃,静置时间为30h。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中,加入乙醇后,静置12h。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述疏水改性环糊精为2,6-二乙基-β-环糊精。
蛋白菊多肽在营养食品、保健食品、运动食品、化妆品或护肤品方面的应用。
实施例3
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法,包括:
步骤一、将大叶蛋白菊菊花粉碎过40目筛后,得粉碎料;
步骤二、将10g粉碎料与水按质量比1:10混合,调节pH值至10,60℃下保温3h后,加入粉碎料质量2%的碱性蛋白酶,55℃下酶解3h,再95℃下保温30min灭酶,之后调节 pH值至7,8000r/min条件下离心15min,取上清液;
步骤三、向上清液中加入疏水改性环糊精,搅拌后静置,使疏水改性环糊精对醛、酮与胺类等物质形成包埋,之后加入乙醇,至乙醇的体积百分比达到90%,静置,使醛、酮与胺类等物质溶解在乙醇中后,离心,取上清液,用分子截留量为3kDa的超滤膜超滤,收集分子量在3kDa以下的多肽溶液,53℃下减压浓缩至膏状,冷冻干燥,得蛋白菊多肽。通过醇沉,使杂质与多肽进行分离,从而提高多肽产品的纯度。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入质量为上清液质量0.0017%的疏水改性环糊精。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入疏水改性环糊精搅拌后,静置温度为28℃,静置时间为40h。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中,加入乙醇后,静置15h。
蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述疏水改性环糊精为2,6-二乙基-β-环糊精。
蛋白菊多肽在营养食品、保健食品、运动食品、化妆品或护肤品方面的应用。
实施例4
在实施例1的基础上,为了进一步提高多肽的得率和最终产品中多肽的纯度,本技术方案还可以包括以下技术细节,以更好地实现技术效果:蛋白菊多肽的制备方法中,所述步骤三中加入的乙醇中含有1.5%的3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮,且3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮中含有(R)-3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮81%。制得的蛋白菊多肽的吸水性为2.32g/g、吸油性为2.19g/g、起泡性为56.9%,羟基自由基清除率为78.32%,DPPH清除率为82.14%。乙醇溶液中通过加入(R)-3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮与(S)-3-羟基-5- 甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮,并限定两者的特定配比,能增强体系中醛、酮与胺类等物质在有机相的溶解性,进而有利于醛、酮与胺类等物质与水溶性的多肽进行分离,并降低醛、酮与胺类等物质对多肽的降解程度,从而提高多肽的得率和最终产品中多肽的纯度。
蛋白菊多肽在营养食品、保健食品、运动食品、化妆品或护肤品方面的应用。
对比例1
大叶蛋白菊菊花多肽的制备
将大叶蛋白菊菊花(干花)粉碎,过40目筛后,取大叶蛋白菊菊花粉10g,与水按照质量比1:8混合,调节pH至9.5,55℃下保温3h后,加入大叶蛋白菊菊花粉质量的1.5%的碱性蛋白酶,50℃、150r/min搅拌条件下反应3h,90℃下保温15min灭酶,再调节pH 至6.5,8000r/min条件下离心15min,取上清,用分子截留量为3kDa的超滤膜超滤,收集分子量在3kDa以下的多肽溶液,53℃下减压浓缩至膏状,冷冻干燥,得大叶蛋白菊菊花多肽粉。
对比例2
与实施例1不同的是,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入质量为上清液质量0.0013%的疏水改性环糊精,其他都与实施例1相同。
对比例3
与实施例1不同的是,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入质量为上清液质量0.0015%的疏水改性环糊精,其他都与实施例1相同。
对比例4
与实施例4不同的是,3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮中含有(R)-3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮80%,其他都与实施例4相同。
对比例5
与实施例4不同的是,3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮中含有(R)-3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮82%,其他都与实施例4相同。
实验1
测定实施例1、4和对比例1-5所制备的蛋白菊多肽的重量和纯度,结果见表1。
表1蛋白菊多肽的重量和纯度
蛋白菊多肽的重量/mg | 蛋白菊多肽纯度/% | |
实施例1 | 182.6 | 83 |
实施例4 | 216.2 | 93 |
对比例1 | 222.3 | 52 |
对比例2 | 196.9 | 76 |
对比例3 | 178.6 | 84 |
对比例4 | 219.8 | 85 |
对比例5 | 213.4 | 87 |
由实施例1和对比例1比较可知,实施例1中在多肽提取过程中加入疏水改性环糊精,能使疏水改性环糊精对醛、酮与胺类等物质形成包埋,利于之后与水溶性的多肽进行分离。因分离出醛、酮与胺类等物质,从而能提高最终产品中多肽的纯度,但会降低最终产品的重量。
由实施例1和实施例4比较可知,实施例4中通过在乙醇中添加(R)-3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮与(S)-3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮,并限定两者的特定配比,有利于醛、酮与胺类等物质与水溶性的多肽进行分离,并降低醛、酮与胺类等物质对多肽的降解程度,从而提高多肽的得率和最终产品中多肽的纯度。
由实施例1和对比例2、3比较可知,对比例2中疏水改性环糊精添加量减少,疏水改性环糊精对醛、酮与胺类等物质的包埋能力变差,得到的多肽纯度降低。而对比例3中虽然疏水改性环糊精的添加量增加,但最终产品中多肽的纯度变化较小,从节约成本的角度考虑,疏水改性环糊精添的最优添加量为上清液质量的0.0014%。
由实施例4和对比例4、5比较可知,对比例4和对比例5中3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮中含有(R)-3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮的含量减小或增加都会使得到的多肽纯度降低,说明3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮中含有81%的(R)-3-羟基-5-甲基-2,4-咪唑啉酮,能提高最终产品中多肽的纯度。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上,但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用,它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域,对于熟悉本领域的人员而言,可容易地实现另外的修改,因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下,本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的实施例。
Claims (10)
1.蛋白菊多肽的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
步骤一、将大叶蛋白菊菊花粉碎过筛,得粉碎料;
步骤二、将粉碎料与水按质量比为1:5-10混合,调节pH值至8-10,50-60℃下保温2-3h后,加入粉碎料质量1-2%的碱性蛋白酶,45-55℃下酶解2-3h,再85-95℃下保温15-30min,之后调节pH值至6-7,离心,取上清液;
步骤三、向上清液中加入疏水改性环糊精,搅拌后静置,之后加入乙醇,至乙醇的体积百分比达到70-90%,静置后,离心,取上清液,用超滤膜超滤,减压浓缩,冷冻干燥,得蛋白菊多肽。
2.如权利要求1所述的蛋白菊多肽的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入质量为上清液质量0.001-0.0017%的疏水改性环糊精。
3.如权利要求1所述的蛋白菊多肽的制备方法,其特征在于,所述疏水改性环糊精为2,6-二乙基-β-环糊精、2,3,6-三乙基-β-环糊精、2,3,6-三乙酰基β-环糊精、2,3,6三丙酰基β-环糊精、2,3,6三丁酰基β-环糊精或2,3,6-三己酰基β-环糊精中的一种或几种。
4.如权利要求1所述的蛋白菊多肽的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入疏水改性环糊精搅拌后,静置温度为27-28℃,静置时间为30-40h。
5.如权利要求1所述的蛋白菊多肽的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤三中向上清液中加入质量为上清液质量0.0014%的疏水改性环糊精。
6.如权利要求1所述的蛋白菊多肽的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤三中,加入乙醇后,静置12-15h。
7.如权利要求3所述的蛋白菊多肽的制备方法,其特征在于,所述疏水改性环糊精为2,6-二乙基-β-环糊精。
8.如权利要求1-7任意一项所述的蛋白菊多肽在营养食品、保健食品、运动食品、化妆品或护肤品方面的应用。
9.含蛋白菊多肽的固体饮料的制作方法,其特征在于,包括:
将质量比为2:1的山楂和苹果洗净、去皮、去核后切碎,加入质量分数为0.8-1.0%的柠檬酸水溶液,将切碎的水果刚好没过,之后匀浆,然后高压蒸制12min,过滤,得水果提取液,向水果提取液中加入水果提取液质量1/3-1/2的益生元、1/3-1/2的蛋白菊多肽、1/4-1/3的红糖后80-85℃熬制,冷却,调pH,过滤,之后加入滤液质量2/5-3/5的冻干益生菌菌粉后,减压干燥,即得固体饮料。
10.如权利要求9所述的含蛋白菊多肽的固体饮料的制作方法,其特征在于,所述益生菌由乳双歧杆菌、动物乳双歧杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌和罗伊氏乳杆菌按质量比为1∶2∶4∶3的配比混合制得;
所述益生元由菊粉、低聚异麦芽糖,低聚乳果糖和低聚木糖按质量比为1∶2∶1∶0.5的配比混合制得。
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CN113249421A (zh) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-13 | 天津科技大学 | 一种金丝皇菊蛋白多肽及其制备和应用 |
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