CN114402732B - Quick desalting method for saline-alkali soil planting layer - Google Patents
Quick desalting method for saline-alkali soil planting layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN114402732B CN114402732B CN202210089024.3A CN202210089024A CN114402732B CN 114402732 B CN114402732 B CN 114402732B CN 202210089024 A CN202210089024 A CN 202210089024A CN 114402732 B CN114402732 B CN 114402732B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid desalting method for saline-alkali soil planting layers, which uses mountain peach trees as stocks in saline-alkali soil areas to be treated, and branches of chrysanthemum peaches as scions are grafted and cultivated, the cultivated chrysanthemum peaches have high saline-alkali resistance activity, are suitable for growth in saline-alkali soil or seaside beach, have ornamental value compared with the traditional chrysanthemum peaches, and meanwhile, the used plants can be cultivated in advance, so that the saline-alkali soil treatment engineering period is shortened. The invention solves the problems of high yield and long improvement engineering period of the existing saline-alkali soil treatment method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to a rapid desalting method for saline-alkali soil planting layers.
Background
The method for treating the saline-alkali soil is generally characterized in that water stored in the saline-alkali soil is extracted, the saline-alkali soil is dried, and filtered water is returned to the dried saline-alkali soil.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects existing in the prior art, a rapid desalting method for saline-alkali soil planting layers is provided, so that the problems of high yield and long improvement engineering period existing in the existing saline-alkali soil treatment method are solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, a method for rapidly desalting a saline-alkali soil planting layer is provided, which comprises the following steps:
taking an annual mountain peach tree as a first stock, taking branches of an annual chrysanthemum peach tree as a first scion, and grafting the first scion on the first stock to obtain a first-generation grafted chrysanthemum peach;
taking a three-year-old mountain peach tree as a second stock, taking branches of the primary grafted chrysanthemum peach as second scions, and grafting the second scions on the second stock to obtain an improved chrysanthemum peach;
and transplanting the improved chrysanthemum peach into the saline-alkali soil to be improved so as to rapidly remove the salt in the saline-alkali soil and reduce the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil.
Further, the first stock is a branch of the mountain peach tree in one year.
Further, the second stock is the root of the three-year-old mountain peach tree.
Further, in the step of transplanting the improved chrysanthemum peach into the saline-alkali soil to be improved, a planting pit is excavated in the saline-alkali soil, the improved chrysanthemum peach is planted in the planting pit and watered.
The rapid desalting method for the saline-alkali soil planting layer has the advantages that the mountain peach tree is used as a stock in the saline-alkali soil area to be treated, branches of the chrysanthemum peach are used as scions, the chrysanthemum peach is grafted and cultivated, the cultivated chrysanthemum peach has high saline-alkali resistance activity, is suitable for growth in the saline-alkali soil or the beach at the sea side, has ornamental value compared with the traditional chrysanthemum peach, and meanwhile, the used plants can be cultivated in advance, so that the saline-alkali soil treatment engineering period is shortened.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention.
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail with reference to examples.
The invention provides a rapid desalting method for a saline-alkali soil planting layer, which comprises the following steps:
s1: taking an annual mountain peach tree as a first stock, taking branches of an annual chrysanthemum peach tree as a first scion, and grafting the first scion on the first stock to obtain the primary grafted chrysanthemum peach.
The chrysanthemum peach (academic name: amygdalus persica L. 'Juhuatao') is a rose, peach fallen leaf shrub or small arbor, the trunk is grey brown, the small branch is slender, no hair, glossy, green, the sunny place turns red, the winter bud is conical, the winter bud is clustered frequently, the middle is a leaf bud, and the two sides are flower buds. The blade is elliptic and needle-shaped. Flowers in axilla, pink or red, heavy petals, when blooming, like chrysanthemum, very short pedicel or few pedicel; calyx bell-shaped, anther reddish; the ovary is short and soft. Flowering occurs 3 to 4 months, and flowers are placed before leaves are opened or flowers and She Tong are placed. Post-flowers generally do not result.
The mountain peach (school name: amygdalus davidiana (Carerire) de Vos ex Henry) is a Rosaceae arbor, up to 10 meters, developed in crown, dark purple and smooth bark; the branches are slender, upright, hairless in young, and brown in old. Blade egg-shaped needle-like shape with length of 5-13 cm and width of 1.5-4 cm, tapered tip, wedge-shaped base, no hair on both sides, and thin and sharp saw-tooth blade edge; the petiole is 1-2 cm long, has no hair and usually has glands. The peanut is opened before the leaves, and the diameter is 2-3 cm; the pedicel is very short or almost no pedicel; calyx hairless; a calyx bell shape; oval to oval, purple and blunt at the front end of the sepal; the petals are inverted oval or nearly round, 10-15 mm long, 8-12 mm wide, pink, blunt at the front end and thin and slightly concave; the stamens are a plurality of, a few equal to or shorter than the petals; the ovary is soft and the style is longer than the stamen or near equal length.
In this embodiment, the first stock is a branch of an annual mountain peach. The first scion is a chrysanthemum peach branch, the length of the scion is 5-6 cm, and the diameter of the scion is 4-5 mm.
Specifically, the branches of a mountain peach tree which is free of diseases and good in condition in one year are taken as a first stock;
taking chrysanthemum peach branches growing vigorously in one year as first scions, wherein the length of the first scions is 5-6 cm, and the diameter of the first scions is 4-5 mm;
cutting one end of the first scion to 45-50 degrees to serve as a grafting end;
cutting a grafting groove from top to bottom on a supporting rod of the first stock at a position 0.5-0.6 m away from the ground;
then inserting the first scion into the first stock;
and after the first scion is grafted onto the first stock, wrapping the grafting interface for plugging cultivation.
S2: and taking a three-year-old mountain peach tree as a second stock, taking the branch of the primary grafted chrysanthemum peach as a second scion, and grafting the second scion on the second stock to obtain the improved chrysanthemum peach.
The second stock is the root of the three-year-old mountain peach tree. The second scion is a chrysanthemum peach branch, the length of the second scion is 5cm, and the diameter of the second scion is 4mm.
Specifically, grafting the grafted second scion branch to the root of another mountain peach tree with three years old or more for grafting cultivation to obtain the improved chrysanthemum peach.
S3: and transplanting the improved chrysanthemum peach into the saline-alkali soil to be improved so as to rapidly remove the salt in the saline-alkali soil and reduce the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil.
Specifically, a planting pit is excavated in the saline-alkali soil, and the improved chrysanthemum peach is planted in the planting pit and watered.
After the transplanting survival of the improved chrysanthemum peach, the chrysanthemum peach is managed according to a conventional management mode.
The chrysanthemum peach after retrieval and improvement has better salt resistance, alkali resistance and desalination function in the saline-alkali soil. Specifically, the performance test is as follows:
1. salt resistance of chrysanthemum peach
According to the method in the rapid desalting method for the saline-alkali soil planting layer, 100 seedlings of the improved chrysanthemum peach are cultivated to serve as experimental groups; taking 100 chrysanthemum peach seedlings which are not grafted twice as a comparison group, respectively planting the experimental group and the comparison group in soil bowls, randomly planting 1 plant in each soil bowl, adjusting the content of soluble salt in soil of the soil bowls to 0.6% by using 0.2mol/L sodium chloride NaCl solution, and watering 200mL of fresh water in each bowl to a water saturation state after controlling water for 7d, so that salt is uniformly distributed. After 30d of treatment, the survival rate of each group of plants was investigated and recorded, and the content of soluble salts in the soil of each of the constituent live chrysanthemum peach seedlings was determined using the measurement standard of ISO11048, and the relevant data was recorded in table 1.
TABLE 1 survival rates of plants of the groups and Table of soluble salt content
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the comparative group, the survival rate of the improved chrysanthemum peach seedlings in the experimental group is obviously higher than that in the comparative group (p < 0.05), the survival rate of the improved chrysanthemum peach seedlings in the experimental group can reach 98%, and meanwhile, the content of soluble salt in the soil in the experimental group is obviously lower than that in the comparative group (p < 0.05), so that the improved chrysanthemum peach seedlings cultivated in the saline-alkali soil planting layer rapid desalination method can effectively improve the survival rate in saline land and effectively reduce the content of soluble salt in the soil, i.
2. Alkali resistance of chrysanthemum peach
According to the method in the saline-alkali soil planting layer rapid desalination method, 80 modified chrysanthemum peach seedlings are cultivated as an experimental group, 80 chrysanthemum peach seedlings which are not grafted twice are taken as a comparison group, the 80 modified chrysanthemum peach seedlings are respectively planted in soil bowls, 1 plant is randomly planted in each bowl, the soil of each soil bowl is the same, the potassium hydroxide solution with the pH of 9.5 is used for root irrigation treatment in the first three days of the beginning of the experiment, the potassium hydroxide solution with the pH of 9.5 is used for root irrigation treatment in the morning and evening until the pH value of the bottom flow of the bowl reaches 9.5, the KOH solution with the pH of 9.5 is not used for root irrigation treatment after three days, after 16d, the survival rate of each group of plants is investigated and recorded, the pH of the soil of each group of living chrysanthemum peach seedlings is measured by adopting the measurement standard of IGB15618-1995, and related data are recorded in table 2.
TABLE 2 survival rates of plants of each group and soil alkali content record Table
As can be seen from Table 2, compared with the comparative group, the survival rate of the improved chrysanthemum peach seedlings in the experimental group is obviously higher than that in the comparative group (p < 0.05), the survival rate of the chrysanthemum peach seedlings in the experimental group can reach 97%, and meanwhile, the PH value of the soil in the experimental group is obviously lower than that in the comparative group (p < 0.05), so that the improved chrysanthemum peach seedlings cultivated in the saline-alkali soil planting layer rapid desalination method can effectively improve the survival rate in alkaline land and effectively reduce the alkali content in soil, and the rapid dealkalization effect can be achieved.
3. Planting actual measurement of improved chrysanthemum peach in saline-alkali soil
Experiment setting: according to the rapid desalting method for saline-alkali soil planting layers, 50 improved chrysanthemum peaches which are grafted and cultivated for one year are used as experimental groups, 50 first-generation chrysanthemum peaches which are grafted and cultivated for one year only for the first time are used as first comparison groups, and meanwhile, chrysanthemum peaches which are not grafted and cultivated for one year are used as second comparison groups and are planted in beach areas of seashore.
The mud flat area belongs to saline-alkali soil, the survival rate of each group of chrysanthemum peaches planted in the saline-alkali soil and the tree height of the chrysanthemum peaches are recorded, relevant data are recorded in table 3, and data statistics are carried out.
Table 3, record Table of survival rate and Tree height of Chrysanthemum peach groups
As can be seen from table 3, compared with the first comparative group, the survival rate of the experimental group is significantly higher than that of the first comparative group (P < 0.05), while the survival rate of the second comparative group is higher than that of the first comparative group (P > 0.05), and at the same time, compared with the first comparative group and the second comparative group, the chrysanthemum peach planted in the experimental group is significantly higher than that of the first comparative group and the second comparative group (P < 0.05), so that the improved chrysanthemum peach cultivated by the rapid desalination method for saline-alkali soil planting layer of the invention can be planted in saline-alkali soil, has good survival rate, and has ornamental value compared with the traditional chrysanthemum peach.
According to the rapid desalting method for the saline-alkali soil planting layer, the mountain peach trees are used as the stocks in the saline-alkali soil area to be treated, the branches of the chrysanthemum peaches are used as the scions, the chrysanthemum peaches are grafted and cultivated, the cultivated chrysanthemum peaches have high saline-alkali resistance activity and are suitable for growth in the saline-alkali soil or the beach at the sea side, compared with the traditional chrysanthemum peaches, the method has ornamental value, meanwhile, the used plants can be cultivated in advance, and the saline-alkali soil treatment engineering period is shortened.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is presented as a description of the principles of the technology being utilized. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the scope of the invention referred to in this application is not limited to the specific combinations of features described above, but it is intended to cover other embodiments in which any combination of features described above or equivalents thereof is possible without departing from the spirit of the invention. Such as the above-described features and technical features having similar functions (but not limited to) disclosed in the present application are replaced with each other.
Claims (1)
1. The quick desalting method for the saline-alkali soil planting layer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
taking an annual mountain peach tree as a first stock, taking branches of an annual chrysanthemum peach tree as a first scion, and grafting the first scion on the first stock to obtain a first-generation grafted chrysanthemum peach;
taking a three-year-old mountain peach tree as a second stock, taking branches of the primary grafted chrysanthemum peach as second scions, and grafting the second scions on the second stock to obtain an improved chrysanthemum peach;
transplanting the improved chrysanthemum peach into the saline-alkali soil to be improved so as to rapidly remove salt in the saline-alkali soil and reduce the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil;
the first stock is a branch of the annual mountain peach tree;
the second stock is the root of the three-year-old mountain peach;
and when the step of transplanting the improved chrysanthemum peach into the saline-alkali soil to be improved is implemented, a planting pit is excavated in the saline-alkali soil, the improved chrysanthemum peach is planted in the planting pit and watered.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105519392A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2016-04-27 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for cultivating salt-tolerant peach seedlings |
| CN105325181A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 阜南县田隆花木种植有限公司 | Method for carrying out grafting and seedling cultivating on ornamental prunus persica chrysanthemoides |
| CN107996255A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-08 | 安徽百卉园林有限公司 | Cold-resistant, saline-alkali tolerant, adaptable bedleaf cherry plum nursery stock breeding method |
| CN108967110A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-11 | 思南县华丰果蔬专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of salt-soda soil peach |
| CN114532132A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2022-05-27 | 宁夏农林科学院枸杞工程技术研究所 | Planting method for Chinese wolfberry in severe saline-alkali soil |
| CN113057032A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-02 | 大连金谷园林绿化工程有限公司 | Cross-family/cross-genus/cross-species grafting method for dicotyledonous plants |
| CN113892389A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-01-07 | 青岛灯塔农林高科技开发有限公司 | Method for treating beach or saline-alkali soil by adopting grafted salix mongolica |
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