CN114394869A - Method for improving saline-alkali soil by combining carbon-based organic bacterial manure with biomass extracting solution - Google Patents
Method for improving saline-alkali soil by combining carbon-based organic bacterial manure with biomass extracting solution Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BZKFMUIJRXWWQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentenone Chemical compound O=C1CCC=C1 BZKFMUIJRXWWQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011146 organic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
A method for improving saline-alkali soil by combining carbon-based organic bacterial manure with biomass extracting solution is characterized in that the carbon-based organic bacterial manure and the biomass extracting solution are applied in a combined mode of irrigation and unmanned aerial vehicle spraying, so that the air permeability of the soil is increased, the group strength structure of the soil is established, and the soil flora is established, so that the method is suitable for basic growth conditions of crops, and can realize current-year improvement, current-year planting and current-year harvesting on severe saline-alkali wasteland.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of planting, and particularly relates to a method for improving saline-alkali soil by combining carbon-based organic bacterial manure with a biomass extracting solution.
Background
The improvement of saline-alkali soil is always a problem to be solved by modern agriculture. The prior art 1 with the publication number of CN108966722A, entitled "method for improving saline-alkali soil by applying four-dimensional improvement method" discloses a method for improving saline-alkali soil, which adopts a concealed pipe to drain water and salt, uses sulfur modified gypsum as a soil improvement agent to adsorb heavy metal ions in soil, uses modified natural active substances to improve the pH value, activity and structure of the soil, uses plant growth regulators to promote plant growth, and plants rice with strong stress resistance to increase the survival rate, but the prior art 1 only considers the fertility of the soil, but does not consider the problems of soil permeability, aggregate structure, establishment of biomass floras and lack of organic matters, and does not balance the salt and alkali problems of water surface and plant leaf surface in the rice growth process. The invention discloses a method for preparing a fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, which is characterized in that the water solubility method is adopted to neutralize the acidity and alkalinity of the soil, and sulfide residues exist firstly; the second one fails to solve the problems of air permeability, granular structure, flora establishment, etc. of soil fundamentally.
Therefore, a method for effectively improving saline-alkali soil, planting in the same year and harvesting in the same year is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving saline-alkali soil by combining carbon-based organic bacterial manure with biomass extracting solution, so as to solve the technical problem of poor improvement effect in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a carbon-based organic bacterial fertilizer, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
58 portions of matrix organic fertilizer
Humic acid 19 parts
18 portions of biochar
2 portions of diammonium phosphate
0.5 portion of ammonium sulfate
0.5 portion of urea
1 part of potassium chloride
Biogas slurry 0.5 part
Liquid bacterium 0.5 parts
Wherein the biochar is prepared by taking at least one of corncobs, cornstalks, peanut shells, rice hulls, wheat straws, mushroom trays and the like as a raw material and pyrolyzing the raw material at 200-400 ℃ under the condition of anaerobic supply to obtain a stable carbon-rich product.
The invention also provides a biomass extracting solution, which comprises (by mass):
acetic acid 7.15 parts
Propionic acid 0.68 part
Butyric acid 0.58 parts
Butenoic acid 0.24 part
0.99 part of 3-methyl-1, 2-cyclopentenone
The invention relates to a method for improving saline-alkali soil by using the carbon-based organic bacterial manure combined biomass extracting solution, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, soil testing is carried out, and the pH value of a target saline-alkali soil is detected;
and secondly, leveling the soil before planting, soaking the soil, and repeating twice to remove surface saline and alkaline and reduce the saline and alkaline degree, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) after the field is soaked with the water for two days, the water is drained;
2) harrowing, continuing to use the water-soaked field for two days, and discharging water again;
3) pulping, applying base fertilizer, applying carbon-based organic bacterial fertilizer, and irrigating a biomass extracting solution;
thirdly, repeating the steps in the second step;
fourthly, in the seedling transplanting period, discharging water, measuring the pH value of the water, and discharging the biomass extracting solution for the second time according to the measured pH value, wherein the pH value of the field water is more than 7 and less than 8;
fifthly, in the green turning period, spraying a biomass extracting solution by an unmanned aerial vehicle for the first time, and keeping the pH value of water in the field to be more than 7 and less than 8;
sixthly, spraying a biomass extracting solution for the second time by an unmanned aerial vehicle in a tillering stage;
seventhly, in the grouting period, spraying biomass extracting solution for the third time by using an unmanned aerial vehicle; meanwhile, applying carbon-based organic bacterial manure for the third time;
and step eight, in the heading stage, spraying biomass extracting solution for the fourth time by the unmanned aerial vehicle, measuring the pH value, and keeping the pH value of the water in the field to be more than 7 and less than 8.
And step nine, harvesting and drying the fields in the sun in a closed water mode.
The invention has the following technical effects:
1. preparing soil before planting and soaking the soil. The carbon-based organic bacterial manure and the biomass extracting solution are used for removing surface saline and alkaline, and the salinity and alkalinity are reduced.
2. Applying carbon-based organic bacterial fertilizer and spraying and releasing a biomass extracting solution in a seedling transplanting stage, a green turning stage, a tillering stage, a grouting stage and a heading stage, keeping a pH value suitable for rice growth in a field and maintaining a healthy growth environment of rice crops.
3. The biological carbon prepared by the method (low temperature 400-700 ℃, anaerobic pyrolysis) has high and stable carbon content and larger specific surface area and porosity, thereby increasing the oxygen content of the soil, maintaining better soil activity, improving the growth condition of crops and improving soil hardening. In addition, the porosity and the specific surface area of the biochar can also adsorb heavy metals in soil.
4. The formula of the carbon-based organic bacterial fertilizer comprises humic acid and a matrix organic fertilizer, and can improve the cation exchange capacity in soil, promote the formation of aggregates in soil, enhance the stability of the aggregates, improve the soil mass force structure, promote the aggregation of organic particles in soil and increase the content of organic matters in soil.
5. From the perspective of crops, the saline-alkali problem of water surfaces and plant leaf surfaces in the growth process of the crops can be solved by applying the biomass extracting solution by irrigation and spraying the biomass extracting solution by the unmanned aerial vehicle.
6. The scheme is simple and easy to operate.
7. No chemical residue, no secondary pollution to land, pure biological matter treatment and good saline-alkali soil improvement effect.
8. The flora increases soil activity, reduces the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, improves soil fertility, improves the production conditions of crops and improves soil hardening.
9. The carbon-based organic bacterial fertilizer increases the soil air permeability, establishes the mass structure of the soil and establishes the soil flora, so the fertilizer is suitable for the basic growth conditions of crops, and can realize the current-year improvement, current-year planting and current-year harvest on severe saline-alkali wasteland.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the method for improving the saline-alkali soil by using the carbon-based organic bacterial manure combined biomass extracting solution in the technical scheme, the same saline-alkali soil is divided into four parts, three parts of the saline-alkali soil are improved by using three embodiments belonging to the technical scheme of the invention respectively, the rest saline-alkali soil is planted according to a conventional planting method to be used as a comparative example 1, another non-saline-alkali soil is planted conventionally to be used as a comparative example 2, and the detailed description is given below.
Example 1
The carbon-based organic bacterial fertilizer comprises (by mass):
58 portions of matrix organic fertilizer
Humic acid 19 parts
18 portions of biochar
2 portions of diammonium phosphate
0.5 portion of ammonium sulfate
0.5 portion of urea
1 part of potassium chloride
Biogas slurry 0.5 part
Liquid bacterium 0.5 parts
Wherein, the 0.5 part of liquid bacteria comprises 0.1 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.1 part of bacillus licheniformis, and the rest is water.
Wherein the biochar is prepared by taking at least one of corncobs, cornstalks, peanut shells, rice hulls, wheat straws, mushroom trays and the like as a raw material and pyrolyzing the raw material at 200-400 ℃ under the condition of anaerobic supply to obtain a stable carbon-rich product.
The biomass extracting solution comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
acetic acid 7.15 parts
Propionic acid 0.68 part
Butyric acid 0.58 parts
Butenoic acid 0.24 part
0.99 part of 3-methyl-1, 2-cyclopentenone
The balance of water.
The method for improving the saline-alkali soil by using the carbon-based organic bacterial manure combined with the biomass extracting solution comprises the following steps:
firstly, soil testing is carried out, the PH value of a target saline-alkali soil and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the soil are detected, and an improvement scheme is determined according to the soil testing result and the corresponding dosage taking the PH value as a range;
and secondly, leveling the soil before planting, soaking the soil, and repeating twice to remove surface saline and alkaline and reduce the saline and alkaline degree, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) after the field is soaked with the water for two days, the water is drained;
2) harrowing, continuing to use the water-soaked field for two days, and discharging water again;
3) pulping, applying 1 ton/hectare of base fertilizer, applying 1 ton/hectare of carbon-based organic biomass bacterial fertilizer, and first applying biomass extractive solution (less than 700 jin/hectare when adding base fertilizer)
Thirdly, repeating the steps in the second step;
fourthly, in the seedling transplanting period, discharging water, measuring the pH value of the water, and discharging the biomass extracting solution for the second time according to the measured pH value, wherein the pH value of the field water is more than 7 and less than 8;
fifthly, in the green turning period, spraying biomass extracting solution (10 jin/hectare) by an unmanned aerial vehicle for the first time, and keeping the pH value of water in the field to be more than 7 and less than 8;
sixthly, spraying a biomass extracting solution for the second time in a tillering stage (spraying is carried out according to the standard that 1 jin of biomass extracting solution is mixed with 260 jin of water and 1 two amino acids is added to supplement nutrition required by crop growth, and the spraying amount is 10 jin/hectare);
and step seven, in the grouting period, spraying the biomass extracting solution for the third time (the spraying amount is 10 jin/hectare according to the standard that 1 jin of the biomass extracting solution is mixed with 260 jin of water and 1 two amino acids). Meanwhile, applying organic biomass bacterial manure for the third time;
and step eight, in the heading stage, spraying biomass extracting solution for the fourth time (spraying according to the standard that 1 jin of biomass extracting solution is mixed with 260 jin of water and 1 two amino acids, the spraying amount is 10 jin/hectare), measuring the pH value, and keeping the pH value of the water in the field to be more than 7 and less than 8.
And step nine, harvesting and drying the fields in the sun in a closed water mode.
Example 2
The carbon-based biomass organic bacterial fertilizer comprises (by mass):
60 portions of matrix organic fertilizer
Humic acid 19 parts
16 portions of biochar
2 portions of diammonium phosphate
0.5 portion of ammonium sulfate
0.5 portion of urea
1 part of potassium chloride
Biogas slurry 0.5 part
Wherein, the 0.5 part of liquid bacteria comprises 0.1 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.1 part of bacillus licheniformis, and the rest is water.
The biomass extracting solution comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
acetic acid 7.15 parts
Propionic acid 0.68 part
Butyric acid 0.58 parts
Butenoic acid 0.24 part
0.99 part of 3-methyl-1, 2-cyclopentenone
The balance of water.
The method for improving the saline-alkali soil by using the carbon-based organic bacterial manure combined with the biomass extracting solution comprises the following steps:
firstly, soil testing is carried out, the PH value of a target saline-alkali soil and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the soil are detected, and an improvement scheme is determined according to the soil testing result and the corresponding dosage taking the PH value as a range;
and secondly, leveling the soil before planting, soaking the soil, and repeating twice to remove surface saline and alkaline and reduce the saline and alkaline degree, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) after the field is soaked with the water for two days, the water is drained;
2) harrowing, continuing to use the water-soaked field for two days, and discharging water again;
3) pulping, applying 1 ton/hectare of base fertilizer, applying 1 ton/hectare of carbon-based organic biomass bacterial fertilizer, and first applying biomass extractive solution (less than 700 jin/hectare when adding base fertilizer)
Thirdly, repeating the steps in the second step;
fourthly, in the seedling transplanting period, discharging water, measuring the pH value of the water, and discharging the biomass extracting solution for the second time according to the measured pH value, wherein the pH value of the field water is more than 7 and less than 8;
fifthly, in the green turning period, spraying biomass extracting solution (10 jin/hectare) by an unmanned aerial vehicle for the first time, and keeping the pH value of water in the field to be more than 7 and less than 8;
sixthly, spraying a biomass extracting solution for the second time in a tillering stage (spraying is carried out according to the standard that 1 jin of biomass extracting solution is mixed with 260 jin of water and 1 two amino acids is added to supplement nutrition required by crop growth, and the spraying amount is 10 jin/hectare);
and step seven, in the grouting period, spraying the biomass extracting solution for the third time (the spraying amount is 10 jin/hectare according to the standard that 1 jin of the biomass extracting solution is mixed with 260 jin of water and 1 two amino acids). Meanwhile, applying organic biomass bacterial manure for the third time;
and step eight, in the heading stage, spraying biomass extracting solution for the fourth time (spraying according to the standard that 1 jin of biomass extracting solution is mixed with 260 jin of water and 1 two amino acids, the spraying amount is 10 jin/hectare), measuring the pH value, and keeping the pH value of the water in the field to be more than 7 and less than 8.
And step nine, harvesting and drying the fields in the sun in a closed water mode.
Example 3
This embodiment a charcoal-based living beings organic bacterial manure, it includes:
58 portions of matrix organic fertilizer
20 portions of humic acid
17 portions of biochar
2 portions of diammonium phosphate
0.5 portion of ammonium sulfate
0.5 portion of urea
1 part of potassium chloride
Biogas slurry 0.5 part
Wherein, the 0.5 part of liquid bacteria comprises 0.1 part of bacillus subtilis and 0.1 part of bacillus licheniformis, and the rest is water.
The biomass extracting solution comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
acetic acid 7.15 parts
Propionic acid 0.68 part
Butyric acid 0.58 parts
Butenoic acid 0.24 part
0.99 part of 3-methyl-1, 2-cyclopentenone
The balance of water.
The method for improving the saline-alkali soil by using the carbon-based organic bacterial manure combined with the biomass extracting solution comprises the following steps:
firstly, soil testing is carried out, the PH value of a target saline-alkali soil and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the soil are detected, and an improvement scheme is determined according to the soil testing result and the corresponding dosage taking the PH value as a range;
and secondly, leveling the soil before planting, soaking the soil, and repeating twice to remove surface saline and alkaline and reduce the saline and alkaline degree, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) after the field is soaked with the water for two days, the water is drained;
2) harrowing, continuing to use the water-soaked field for two days, and discharging water again;
3) pulping, applying 1 ton/hectare of base fertilizer, applying 1 ton/hectare of carbon-based organic biomass bacterial fertilizer, and first applying biomass extractive solution (less than 700 jin/hectare when adding base fertilizer)
Thirdly, repeating the steps in the second step;
fourthly, in the seedling transplanting period, discharging water, measuring the pH value of the water, and discharging the biomass extracting solution for the second time according to the measured pH value, wherein the pH value of the field water is more than 7 and less than 8;
fifthly, in the green turning period, spraying biomass extracting solution (10 jin/hectare) by an unmanned aerial vehicle for the first time, and keeping the pH value of water in the field to be more than 7 and less than 8;
sixthly, spraying a biomass extracting solution for the second time in a tillering stage (spraying is carried out according to the standard that 1 jin of biomass extracting solution is mixed with 260 jin of water and 1 two amino acids is added to supplement nutrition required by crop growth, and the spraying amount is 10 jin/hectare);
and step seven, in the grouting period, spraying the biomass extracting solution for the third time (the spraying amount is 10 jin/hectare according to the standard that 1 jin of the biomass extracting solution is mixed with 260 jin of water and 1 two amino acids). Meanwhile, applying organic biomass bacterial manure for the third time;
and step eight, in the heading stage, spraying biomass extracting solution for the fourth time (spraying according to the standard that 1 jin of biomass extracting solution is mixed with 260 jin of water and 1 two amino acids, the spraying amount is 10 jin/hectare), measuring the pH value, and keeping the pH value of the water in the field to be more than 7 and less than 8.
And step nine, harvesting and drying the fields in the sun in a closed water mode.
Comparative example 1
Planting the rest saline-alkali soil according to the following steps:
the first step, level the soil before planting, steep the field, and repeat twice to clear away surperficial saline and alkaline, reduce the salinity and alkalinity, specific step is as follows:
1) after the field is soaked with the water for two days, the water is drained;
2) harrowing, continuing to use the water-soaked field for two days, and discharging water again;
3) pulping, and applying 2 tons of base fertilizer per hectare;
a second step of repeating the steps of the first step once;
thirdly, applying base fertilizer for the third time;
fourthly, harvesting and drying the field in the closed water.
Comparative example 2
A piece of non-saline-alkali soil is planted according to the following method:
the first step, level the soil before planting, steep the field, and repeat twice to clear away surperficial saline and alkaline, reduce the salinity and alkalinity, specific step is as follows:
1) after the field is soaked with the water for two days, the water is drained;
2) harrowing, continuing to use the water-soaked field for two days, and discharging water again;
3) pulping, and applying 2 tons of base fertilizer per hectare;
a second step of repeating the steps of the first step once;
thirdly, applying base fertilizer for the third time;
fourthly, harvesting and drying the field in the closed water.
The samples prepared in comparative example 1, comparative example 2, example 1, example 2 and example 3 were subjected to an analytical comparison as follows:
it is to be understood that the present invention has been described with reference to certain embodiments, and that various changes in the features and embodiments, or equivalent substitutions may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A carbon-based organic bacterial fertilizer is characterized by comprising (by mass):
58-60 parts of matrix organic fertilizer
19-20 parts of humic acid
16-18 parts of rice husk carbon 5
2 portions of diammonium phosphate
0.5 portion of ammonium sulfate
0.5 portion of urea
1 part of potassium chloride
Liquid bacterium 0.5 parts
0.1 part of bacillus subtilis
0.1 part of bacillus licheniformis.
2. A carbon-based organic bacterial fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the biochar is prepared by taking at least one of corncobs, cornstalks, peanut shells, rice hulls, wheat straws, mushroom discs and the like as a raw material, and pyrolyzing the raw material at 200-400 ℃ under the condition of anaerobic gas supply to obtain a stable carbon-rich product.
3. A biomass extract, characterized in that it comprises (by mass):
acetic acid 7.15 parts
Propionic acid 0.68 part
Butyric acid 0.58 parts
Butenoic acid 0.24 part
0.99 part of 3-methyl-1, 2-cyclopentenone.
4. A method for improving saline-alkali soil by using the carbon-based organic bacterial manure as defined in any one of claims 1 to 2 in combination with the biomass extracting solution as defined in claim 3 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, soil testing is carried out, and the pH value of a target saline-alkali soil is detected;
secondly, leveling the land before planting, soaking the land, and repeating twice to remove the surface saline and alkaline and reduce the saline and alkaline degree;
thirdly, repeating the steps in the second step;
fourthly, in the seedling transplanting period, discharging water, measuring the pH value of the water, and discharging the biomass extracting solution for the second time according to the measured pH value, wherein the pH value of the field water is more than 7 and less than 8;
fifthly, in the green turning period, spraying a biomass extracting solution by an unmanned aerial vehicle for the first time, and keeping the pH value of the water in the field to be more than 75 and less than 8;
sixthly, spraying a biomass extracting solution for the second time by an unmanned aerial vehicle in a tillering stage;
seventhly, in the grouting period, spraying biomass extracting solution for the third time by using an unmanned aerial vehicle; meanwhile, applying carbon-based organic bacterial manure for the third time;
eighthly, in the heading stage, spraying biomass extracting solution for the fourth time by the unmanned aerial vehicle, measuring the pH value, and keeping the pH value of 10 water in the field more than 7 and less than 8;
and step nine, harvesting and drying the fields in the sun in a closed water mode.
5. The method for improving saline-alkali soil by using carbon-based organic bacterial manure as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the second step comprises the following specific steps:
1) after the field is soaked with the water for two days, the water is drained;
2) harrowing, continuing to use the water-soaked field for two days, and discharging water again;
3) pulping, applying base fertilizer and carbon-based organic bacterial fertilizer, and irrigating the biomass extracting solution.
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