CN114342790A - Cultivation method for increasing anthocyanin content of dendrobium officinale and special device - Google Patents
Cultivation method for increasing anthocyanin content of dendrobium officinale and special device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to a cultivation method and a special device for improving anthocyanin of dendrobium officinale, and the cultivation method and the special device comprise an underframe, wherein a fixed guide rail is fixedly arranged on one side of the underframe, a sliding block is arranged on the surface of the fixed guide rail in a sliding manner, a sliding cavity is formed in one side of the sliding block, a sliding rod is slidably arranged in the inner cavity of the sliding cavity, a spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding rod, the bottom of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding block, a hand-operated wheel II is arranged at the top of one side of the sliding rod in a penetrating manner, and an adjusting gear is fixedly arranged at one end of the hand-operated wheel II. This application is in the operation use of reality, and when the stem of noble dendrobium production of arbor base wood below received the influence, the user can be through the angle of upset arbor base wood, and then just can overturn the stem of noble dendrobium of arbor base wood below to the position that can obtain illumination, guarantees the illumination time of stem of noble dendrobium for the growth of stem of noble dendrobium obtains sufficient nourishment, guarantees that the growth of stem of noble dendrobium is not influenced. The application combines a scientific cultivation method and a scientific cultivation device, the dendrobium officinale is planted in the semi-shading environment under the forest, the proportion of red stems can be effectively improved, and the anthocyanin content of the dendrobium officinale is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of plant cultivation devices, in particular to a cultivation method and a special device for improving anthocyanin of dendrobium officinale.
Background
Anthocyanins are a class of flavonoids, which are widely present in plants and determine the color of the stems, fruits and flower pericarp. Dendrobium officinale is a traditional Chinese medicine and is also a raw material of functional food. The stems of Dendrobium officinale are green or red, and the red stems are rich in anthocyanin. In the cultivation of the dendrobium officinale, the arbor is the most used base wood, and is generally cut and lifted by one section, or the arbor is erected at a proper position, but in the above methods, the arbor is difficult to turn over and adjust, the growth of the dendrobium needs sufficient illumination, so that the dendrobium planted at the bottom is difficult to have sufficient illumination, the growth of the dendrobium is influenced, and the anthocyanin content in the dendrobium officinale is low.
Researches find that illumination is an important environmental factor for inducing the accumulation of the anthocyanin of the dendrobium officinale. However, most of dendrobium officinale Chinese herbal medicine planting technical areas are underdeveloped in technology, planting devices are simple and crude, a wood-like planting method is often adopted to improve the yield of dendrobium officinale, the devices used in the method are inflexible, the light intensity and the illumination cannot be adjusted in real time, the quality of the dendrobium officinale is not as good as that of wild dendrobium officinale, and the anthocyanin content is greatly reduced. How to adjust the illumination intensity during the planting of the dendrobium officinale so as to improve the accumulation of the anthocyanin content of the dendrobium officinale is a technical problem which is not solved by technical personnel in the field at present.
According to the technical problems, a method and a device for planting dendrobium officinale capable of increasing the content of anthocyanin are needed to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems that the existing wild planting of the dendrobium officinale anthocyanin imitating wood is limited by a planting device and the anthocyanin content is low, the application provides a cultivation method for improving the dendrobium officinale anthocyanin and a special device thereof.
The application provides a cultivation device for improving dendrobium officinale anthocyanin, adopts following technical scheme: improve cultivation device of dendrobii officmalis caulis anthocyanin, including the chassis: one side fixed mounting of chassis has fixed guide, fixed guide's slidable surface mounting has the sliding block, the slip cavity has been seted up to one side of sliding block, the inner chamber slidable mounting of slip cavity has the slide bar, the bottom fixedly connected with spring of slide bar, the bottom fixed connection of spring is on the inner wall of sliding block, the top of slide bar one side is run through and is provided with hand wheel two, the one end fixed mounting of hand wheel two has adjusting gear, one side of slide bar is run through and is provided with the bolt, the inside of sliding block is inserted to the one end of bolt.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in the operation of reality in use, when the stem of noble dendrobium production of arbor basilar part received the influence, the user can be through the angle of upset arbor basilar part, and then just can overturn the stem of noble dendrobium of arbor basilar part to the position that can obtain illumination, guarantees the illumination time of stem of noble dendrobium for the growth of stem of noble dendrobium obtains sufficient nourishment, guarantees that the growth of stem of noble dendrobium is not influenced.
Preferably, the inboard rotation of fixed guide rail installs the screw thread stock, the surface screw thread of screw thread stock install with sliding block fixed connection's screw thread sliding sleeve, the one end of screw thread stock runs through to fixed guide rail's the outside and fixed mounting has hand wheel one.
Preferably, the limiting sliding grooves are formed in two sides of the inner cavity of the sliding cavity, and the two sides of the sliding rod are fixedly connected with limiting blocks sliding in the limiting sliding grooves.
Preferably, the inside of chassis is run through and is provided with three pivot stock, and the fixed surface of pivot stock installs arbor foundation.
Preferably, one end of the rotating shaft long rod is fixedly provided with an adaptive gear, and the adaptive gear is meshed with the adjusting gear.
Preferably, the top of the fixed guide rail is provided with an installation cavity for installing the threaded long rod.
Preferably, dendrobium officinale is cultivated on two sides of the arbor base wood.
The application also provides a cultivation method for improving the anthocyanin content of the dendrobium officinale, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) planting dendrobium officinale seedlings under the forest at the canopy density of 0.2-0.6 by using the special cultivation device for improving the anthocyanin of the dendrobium officinale, and planting the dendrobium officinale seedlings on two sides of the arbor base wood;
(2) spraying water every day to control humidity, and shaking the hand-operated wheel II 10 to drive the adjusting gear 11 to rotate, so that the arbor base trees for planting the dendrobium officinale can rotate towards light;
(3) preparing a dendrobium officinale fermentation liquid, specifically adding brown sugar into clear water, pulping into a root and leaf mixture of fresh dendrobium, mixing, sealing and fermenting for later use;
(4) mixing the fermentation liquid of the dendrobium officinale with tyrosine, wherein the mixing proportion is that 100-200mg tyrosine is added into each liter of the fermentation liquid of the dendrobium officinale to prepare a fermented water-soluble fertilizer, and after the dendrobium is transplanted for 3 months, spraying the leaves of the dendrobium every week for 1 time until the dendrobium leaves out of the nursery.
Further, in the step (2), water is sprayed every day to control the humidity, and the humidity is 50-70%; and shake two 10 drive adjusting gear 11 rotations of hand round to make dendrobium officinale plant arbor basis wood to light rotation, specifically 10: before 00, turning 30-50 degrees to east, 10: 00-15: 00 forward horizontal no rotation, 15: after 00, the paper is turned 30-50 degrees to the west.
Further preferably, dendrobium officinale seedlings are planted under the forest with the canopy density of 0.4; spraying water every day to control the humidity to be 60 percent; 10: 45 ° to east before 00, 10: 00-15: 00 forward horizontal no rotation, 15: after 00 it is turned 45 deg. to the west.
Further, in the step (3), a dendrobium officinale fermentation liquid is prepared, and the specific formula is a mixture of 2kg of brown sugar and pulped root and leaf juice of fresh dendrobium nobile in 5kg of clear water, wherein the weight ratio of the brown sugar to the dendrobium nobile is 1: (1-4), sealing and fermenting for 1 month after mixing, opening once, adding Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) with viable count of 3.15-4.26 hundred million CFU/mL, adding 1-2g of Lactobacillus acidophilus into a mixture of brown sugar and pulped fresh dendrobe root and leaf juice per liter, and sealing for 3 months again after stirring.
The application also provides a foliar fertilizer for improving the contents of anthocyanin and polysaccharide in the dendrobium officinale, which consists of dendrobium officinale fermentation liquor and tyrosine, wherein the proportion is that 100 plus 200mg of tyrosine is added into each liter of the dendrobium officinale fermentation liquor; the dendrobium officinale fermentation liquor is prepared by adding a mixture of 2kg of brown sugar and pulped root and leaf juice of fresh dendrobium into 5kg of clear water, wherein the weight ratio of the brown sugar to the dendrobium is 1: (1-4), sealing and fermenting for 1 month after mixing, adding Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) with viable count of 3.15-4.26 hundred million CFU/mL, adding 1-2g of Lactobacillus acidophilus into the mixture of brown sugar and pulped fresh dendrobe root and leaf juice, stirring, and sealing for 3 months again.
To sum up, the beneficial technical effect of this application:
1. this application is in the operation of reality in use, when the stem of noble dendrobium production of arbor base wood below receives the influence, the user can be through the angle of upset arbor base wood, and then just can overturn the stem of noble dendrobium of arbor base wood below to the position that can obtain the illumination, guarantee the illumination time of stem of noble dendrobium, make the growth of stem of noble dendrobium obtain sufficient nourishment, guarantee the growth of stem of noble dendrobium and not influenced, this cultivation device of dendrobium anthocyanin, solved in the cultivation of stem of noble dendrobium, the arbor is the most base wood of using, generally, hang up one section of arbor intercepting, or erect the arbor in suitable position, but in the above method, the arbor all is difficult to overturn the regulation, and the growth of stem of noble dendrobium needs sufficient illumination, so carry the stem of noble dendrobium of planting in the bottom, it is difficult to have sufficient illumination, influence the problem of stem of noble dendrobium growth.
2. This application uses through the cooperation of stopper and spacing spout, and the slide bar still can drive the stopper when moving down and slide in the inner chamber of spacing spout to this can carry on spacingly to the stopper, guarantees the stability when the slide bar moves down. Through arbor both sides synchronous planting, add professional equipment's assistance and adjust illumination, but maximum utilization unit planting area improves output, simultaneously, uses the device also can improve the anthocyanin content of dendrobii officmalis caulis bottom stem, and illumination is not enough usually, and dendrobii officmalis caulis bottom stem is green more, and the dendrobii officmalis caulis that this method was planted, the red stem ratio is showing and is improving.
3. The application combines a scientific cultivation method and a scientific cultivation device, the dendrobium officinale is planted in the semi-shading environment under the forest, the proportion of red stems can be effectively improved, and the anthocyanin content of the dendrobium officinale is further improved. Illumination is an important environmental factor influencing the red-stem ratio of the dendrobium officinale, the dendrobium officinale planted in the forest in a simulated tree mode simulates the wild growth mode of the dendrobium officinale, and the accumulation of anthocyanin of the dendrobium officinale is greatly influenced. Experiments show that the optimal scheme influencing the red-stem ratio of 1-2 year-old seedlings of dendrobium officinale is that the canopy density is 0.4 and 10: 45 ° to east before 00, 10: 00-15: 00 forward horizontal no rotation, 15: after 00, turning over the paper to the west by 45 degrees and humidity of 60 percent; each factor affects the sequence a (canopy) > C (humidity) > B (flip angle).
4. The special cultivation device for the dendrobium officinale overturns to enable dendrobium officinale seedlings growing in clusters on two sides of the imitation wood to absorb light to the maximum extent, the dendrobium officinale seedlings are planted for a long time, the bottom light is insufficient, the number of green stems is large, the cultivation device overturns regularly to enable the dendrobium seedlings to track sunlight, the light is absorbed and utilized to the maximum extent, and finally the green stems at the bottom are enabled to become coarse and red gradually.
5. The dendrobium officinale fermented fertilizer is independently developed, the increase of the stem thickness and stem length of the dendrobium officinale can be promoted by spraying the leaf surfaces every week, and meanwhile, the anthocyanin content of the dendrobium officinale is improved. Researches show that the increase of the stem thickness and stem length of the dendrobium officinale can be promoted by spraying the leaf surface every week, and meanwhile, the anthocyanin content and polysaccharide content of the dendrobium officinale are improved.
6. The lactobacillus acidophilus is added in the fermentation process of the fresh dendrobium officinale enzyme, so that the release of nutrient factors in the fresh dendrobium officinale enzyme fermentation liquor can be further improved, and meanwhile, a large amount of heat energy is generated, and the full progress of the fermentation reaction can also be promoted. Small molecular nutrient substances in the dendrobium officinale are hydrolyzed and released fully through enzymolysis of enzyme of the dendrobium officinale and synergistic fermentation of lactobacillus acidophilus, and a large amount of substances such as polysaccharide, polyphenol and the like are produced. The fresh enzyme fermentation liquor is compounded with the tyrosine, so that the growth of the dendrobium officinale can be further promoted, the accumulation of anthocyanin is promoted, and researches show that compared with the condition that the tyrosine is not added, the outplanted anthocyanin content and polysaccharide content of the dendrobium officinale are obviously reduced. Meanwhile, the comparison shows that the compounding of the dendrobium officinale fermentation liquor and the tyrosine has the technical effect of synergy, namely the application effect of the experimental example 7 is better, and the effect is better than that of singly using a compound agent and not using the compound agent.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, serve to provide a further understanding of the application and to enable other features, objects, and advantages of the application to be more apparent. The drawings and their description illustrate the embodiments of the invention and do not limit it. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the fixed rail structure of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a slider structure.
Fig. 4 is a perspective assembly view of an example arbor-based structure.
FIG. 5 is a wood-like planting map of Dendrobium officinale.
FIG. 6 is a diagram of squeezing juice from stem and leaf of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a chassis; 2. fixing the guide rail; 3. a threaded long rod; 4. a first hand-operated wheel; 5. a threaded sliding sleeve; 6. a slider; 7. a sliding cavity; 8. a slide bar; 9. a spring; 10. a second hand-operated wheel; 11. An adjusting gear; 12. a bolt; 13. a limiting chute; 14. a limiting block; 15. a mounting cavity; 16. a long shaft; 17. arbor base wood; 18. the gear is adapted.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application described herein may be used. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In this application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.
Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides the orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate some kind of attachment or connection relationship in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In addition, the term "plurality" shall mean two as well as more than two.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-4.
The first embodiment is as follows:
with reference to fig. 1-4, the embodiment of the application discloses improve cultivation device of dendrobii officmalis caulis anthocyanin, includes chassis 1: one side of the chassis 1 is fixedly provided with a fixed guide rail 2, the surface of the fixed guide rail 2 is provided with a sliding block 6 in a sliding way, one side of the sliding block 6 is provided with a sliding cavity 7, the inner cavity of the sliding cavity 7 is provided with a sliding rod 8 in a sliding way, the bottom of the sliding rod 8 is fixedly connected with a spring 9, the bottom of the spring 9 is fixedly connected on the inner wall of the sliding block 6, the top of one side of the sliding rod 8 is provided with a hand-operated wheel II 10 in a penetrating way, one end of the hand-operated wheel II 10 is fixedly provided with an adjusting gear 11, one side of the sliding rod 8 is provided with a bolt 12 in a penetrating way, one end of the bolt 12 is inserted into the sliding block 6, the inner side of the fixed guide rail 2 is rotatably provided with a threaded long rod 3, the surface of the threaded long rod 3 is provided with a threaded sliding sleeve 5 fixedly connected with the sliding block 6 in a threaded way, one end of the threaded long rod 3 penetrates to the outer side of the fixed guide rail 2 and is fixedly provided with a hand-operated wheel I4, two sides of the inner cavity of the sliding block 7 are provided with a limiting sliding chute 13, both sides of the sliding rod 8 are fixedly connected with a limiting block 14 which slides in a limiting sliding groove 13.
Example two:
the inside of chassis 1 runs through and is provided with three pivot stock 16, and the fixed surface of pivot stock 16 installs arbor basic wood 17, and the one end fixed mounting of pivot stock 16 has adaptation gear 18, and adaptation gear 18 meshes with adjusting gear 11 mutually, and the installation cavity 15 that is used for installing screw thread stock 3 is offered at fixed guide 2's top, and the surface cultivation of arbor basic wood 17 has evenly distributed's dendrobii officmalis caulis.
The working principle is as follows: in the practical operation and use, when the production of the dendrobium under the arbor base wood 17 is affected, a user shakes the hand wheel II 10 to drive the adjusting gear 11 to rotate, the adjusting gear 11 drives the adapting gear 18 to rotate through meshing with the adapting gear 18, the adapting gear 18 drives the rotating shaft long rod 16 to rotate, the rotating shaft long rod 16 can drive the arbor base wood 17 to overturn, the dendrobium under the arbor base wood 17 can be overturned to a position where illumination can be obtained, the illumination time of the dendrobium is ensured, the growth of the dendrobium can obtain sufficient nutrients, the growth of the dendrobium is not affected, after the arbor base wood 17 is overturned, the user pulls out the bolt 12, then the sliding rod 8 is pressed downwards slightly, the adjusting gear 11 is separated from one adapting gear 18, and then the hand wheel I4 drives the long rod thread 3 to rotate, the long threaded rod 3 drives the threaded sliding sleeve 5 to rotate, the threaded sliding sleeve 5 drives the sliding block 6 to rotate, then the adjusting gear 11 can be driven to move, the downward movement of the sliding rod 8 can compress the spring 9, meanwhile, the sliding rod 8 can drive the limiting block 14 to slide in the inner cavity of the limiting sliding groove 13 when moving downward, the limiting block 14 can be limited, the stability when the sliding rod 8 moves downward is ensured, when the adjusting gear 11 moves to the lower part of another adaptive gear 18, the sliding rod 8 is loosened, the sliding rod 8 is bounced upward under the action of the spring 9, the adjusting gear 11 can be bounced upward, the adjusting gear 11 is meshed with another adaptive gear 18, the bolt 12 is inserted back to the original position, the sliding rod 8 is fixed on the sliding block 6 through the bolt 12 to be positioned, then the hand-operated wheel II 10 is shaken, and another arbor base wood 17 can be overturned, by analogy, the adjusting gear 11 can also be designed to operate automatically, for example by means of a motor drive, in order to meet the requirements of use, in order to increase the adjustment efficiency, as well as the threaded rod 3.
In summary, the following steps: in the practical operation and use of the cultivation device for the dendrobium officinale anthocyanin, when the production of the dendrobium below the arbor base 17 is affected, a user can turn over the angle of the arbor base 17, further, the dendrobium under the arbor base wood 17 can be turned to the position where the illumination can be obtained, the illumination time of the dendrobium is ensured, the growth of the dendrobium is enabled to obtain sufficient nutrients, the growth of the dendrobium is not affected, the cultivation device of the dendrobium officinale anthocyanin solves the problems that in the cultivation of the dendrobium officinale, an arbor is the most used base wood, and is generally cut off and lifted by one section, or the arbor is erected in a proper position, but in the above method, the arbor is difficult to turn over and adjust, and the dendrobium growing needs sufficient illumination, so that the dendrobium planted at the bottom is difficult to have sufficient illumination, and the growth of the dendrobium is influenced.
EXAMPLE III
A cultivation method for improving the anthocyanin content of dendrobium officinale specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) by using the special cultivation device for improving the anthocyanin of the dendrobium officinale, seedlings of the dendrobium officinale are planted under the forest at the canopy density of 0.4, and seedlings of the dendrobium officinale are planted on two sides of the arbor base wood;
(2) spraying water every day to control the humidity to be 60 percent; and shake two 10 drive adjusting gear 11 rotations of hand round to make dendrobium officinale plant arbor basis wood to light rotation, specifically 10: 45 ° to east before 00, 10: 00-15: 00 forward horizontal no rotation, 15: after 00, turn over by 45 DEG to the west
(3) Preparing dendrobium officinale fermentation liquor, wherein the specific formula is that a mixture of 2kg of brown sugar and pulped root and leaf juice of fresh dendrobium is added into 5kg of clear water, wherein the weight ratio of brown sugar to dendrobium is 1: 3, sealing and fermenting for 1 month after mixing, opening once, adding Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) with the viable count of 3.15-4.26 hundred million CFU/mL, adding 2g of Lactobacillus acidophilus into the mixture of brown sugar and the root and leaf juice of the fresh dendrobium which is pulped, stirring, sealing for 3 months again for later use;
(4) mixing the fermentation liquid of Dendrobium officinale with tyrosine at a ratio of 200mg tyrosine per liter of fermentation liquid of Dendrobium officinale to obtain fermented water-soluble fertilizer, transplanting Dendrobium for 3 months, spraying onto leaf surface 1 time per week until leaving nursery.
Experiment-multifactor orthogonal experiment affecting dendrobium officinale red stem ratio
The test method comprises the following steps: the experiment is carried out according to the factors and levels in the table 1, 9 treatments are set, the number of planting clumps of the dendrobium officinale is 5 for each treatment, and 3 times of treatment are repeated. The degree of occlusion A (level 1 is 0.2, level 2 is 0.4, level 3 is 0.6), the flip angle B (10: 00 before level 1)Turning over 30 degrees, 10: 00-15: 00 forward horizontal no rotation, 15: after 00 it is turned 30 ° west, level 2 is 10: 45 ° to east before 00, 10: 00-15: 00 forward horizontal no rotation, 15: after 00 it is turned 45 ° west, level 3 is 10: before 00 it is turned 50 ° east, 10: 00-15: 00 forward horizontal no rotation, 15: after 00, turning over to west by 50 degrees, selecting the optimal combination with three conditions of humidity C (level 1 is 50%, level 2 is 60%, level 3 is 70%) as variables, and taking the ratio of 1 year-old red stems and the ratio of 2 year-old red stems as indexes, L9 (3)3) And (4) an orthogonal table.
And (3) test results: as can be seen from table 2, the optimal scheme affecting the 1-year-old seedling red-stem ratio of dendrobium officinale is A2B2C2, i.e. the canopy density is 0.4, 10: 45 ° to east before 00, 10: 00-15: 00 forward horizontal no rotation, 15: after 00 it is turned over 45 deg. to the west, 60% humidity. The optimal scheme influencing the red-stem ratio of the dendrobium officinale 2-year seedlings is A2B2C2, namely the canopy density is 0.4 and 10: 45 ° to east before 00, 10: 00-15: 00 forward horizontal no rotation, 15: after 00 it is turned over 45 deg. to the west, 60% humidity. The influence sequence of all factors is the red-stem ratio of 1-year-old seedlings of dendrobium officinale: a (canopy density) > C (humidity) > B (turnover angle), the ratio of red stems of 2-year-old seedlings of dendrobium officinale: a (degree of closure) > C (humidity) > B (turning angle).
Researches find that illumination is an important environmental factor influencing the red-stem ratio of the dendrobium officinale, and the dendrobium officinale planted in the forest in a simulated tree mode simulates the wild growth mode of the dendrobium officinale and has a large influence on the accumulation of anthocyanin. Compared with the dendrobium officinale planted in a greenhouse, the dendrobium officinale seedlings are planted under the forest at the canopy density of 0.4-0.6, and the red stem ratio of the dendrobium officinale seedlings can be remarkably improved no matter the seedlings grow for 1 year or grow for 2 years. Meanwhile, the longer the growth time is, the richer the anthocyanin of the dendrobium officinale is accumulated, and the higher the red stem ratio is. The special cultivation device for the dendrobium officinale overturns to enable dendrobium officinale seedlings growing in clusters on two sides of the imitation wood to absorb light to the maximum extent, the dendrobium officinale seedlings are planted for a long time, the bottom light is insufficient, the number of green stems is large, the cultivation device overturns regularly to enable the dendrobium seedlings to track sunlight, the light is absorbed and utilized to the maximum extent, and finally the green stems at the bottom are enabled to become coarse and red gradually.
TABLE 1 orthogonal experimental factors and horizontal design
Table 2 Multi-factor orthogonal test results for influencing red stem ratio of Dendrobium officinale
Experiment on influence of secondary water-soluble fertilizer on increasing of content of anthocyanin in dendrobium officinale
The experimental method comprises the following steps: the purpose of the experiment is to obtain a water-soluble fertilizer by fermenting fresh dendrobium officinale enzyme liquid and compounding, and the improvement of the stem thickness, stem length and anthocyanin content of the dendrobium officinale can be promoted by applying the water-soluble fertilizer. Preparing a dendrobium candidum fermentation liquid in an experiment, wherein a specific formula is that a mixture of 2kg of brown sugar and pulped fresh dendrobium candidum root and leaf juice is added into 5kg of clear water according to a proportion shown in table 3, the mixture is sealed and fermented for 1 month after being mixed, the mixture is opened once, Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) with the viable count of 3.15-4.26 hundred million CFU/mL is added into the mixture, the adding amount of the Lactobacillus acidophilus is 1-3g per liter of the mixture of the brown sugar and the pulped fresh dendrobium candidum root and leaf juice, and the mixture is sealed for 3 months again for standby after being stirred; mixing the fermentation liquor of Dendrobium officinale with tyrosine at a ratio of a certain amount of tyrosine per liter of fermentation liquor of Dendrobium officinale, making into fermented water soluble fertilizer according to the ratio shown in Table 3, transplanting Dendrobium into tree for 3 months, spraying onto leaf surface every week for 1 time until Dendrobium officinale seedling leaves out of nursery in 2 years, and measuring stem thickness, stem length, anthocyanin content and polysaccharide content. Each treatment was repeated 3 times.
The method for measuring the anthocyanin content comprises the following steps:
according to a method for expressing the expression, accurately weighing 0.5 g of each of two groups of tartary buckwheat bud sample powder ground in liquid nitrogen, and repeating for 3 times; adding 4mL of methanol (containing 1% HCl) extract, and extracting at room temperature in dark for 24 h; 1Centrifuging at 2000r/min for 10min, taking supernatant, and metering to 4 mL; taking methanol (containing 1% HCl) as a blank, respectively measuring the light absorption values at 530nm and 657nm by using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer, and obtaining the content of the anthocyanin in the sample according to the following formula: q ═ A530-0.25×A657)×M-1(M is the fresh weight of the sample, g).
The polysaccharide content detection method comprises the following steps:
the polysaccharide content in the dendrobium officinale is determined by utilizing an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, and the polysaccharide content is determined by adopting a phenol-sulfuric acid method according to a polysaccharide determination method established by Van Yingying and the like.
The experimental results are as follows: table 3 shows that spraying leaf surface every week can promote the growth of stem thickness and stem length of dendrobium officinale, and at the same time, increase the anthocyanin content of dendrobium officinale. In the experiment, the dendrobium officinale fermentation liquor is prepared according to the principle of dendrobium officinale ferment, comparative research shows that the effective fermentation of the fermentation liquor can be realized by adding a certain proportion of brown sugar and a pulped root and leaf mixture of fresh dendrobium officinale in the early stage, nutrient components for promoting growth are generated, Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) is further added after sealed fermentation is carried out for 1 month, so that the substances such as polysaccharide, polyphenol and the like are further fully released and maintained, the fermentation liquor prepared by fermenting the specific physiological, chemical and nutrient substances is compounded with tyrosine to obtain the water-soluble fertilizer, the growth speed of the dendrobium officinale can be increased, table 3 shows that the water-soluble fertilizer is applied to leaf surfaces until 2-year-old seedlings are put out of a garden, the stem thickness, stem length and anthocyanin content of the dendrobium officinale are remarkably increased, wherein the application effect of the experimental example 7 is better, namely 5kg of clear water, adding a mixture of 2kg of brown sugar and the root and leaf juice of the fresh dendrobium which is pulped, wherein when the weight ratio of the brown sugar to the dendrobium is 1: 3, fermenting in a sealed way for 1 month, opening once, adding Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) with the viable count of 3.15-4.26 hundred million CFU/mL for 2 g/L, sealing again for 3 months after stirring, mixing the dendrobium officinale fermentation liquor with tyrosine, adding 200mg of tyrosine into each liter of the dendrobium officinale fermentation liquor to prepare the dendrobium officinale water-soluble fertilizer with better fertilizer efficiency, spraying the dendrobium officinale onto leaf surfaces 1 time per week after transplanting for 3 months until dendrobium officinale seedlings grow out in a 2-year nursery, and observing that the stem thickness is 6.61mm at most, the stem length is 34.5cm, the anthocyanin content is 1.97g FW, and the polysaccharide content is 31.56%. Compared with other experimental examples, the lactobacillus acidophilus is added in the fermentation process of the fresh dendrobium officinale enzyme, so that the release of nutrient factors in the fresh dendrobium officinale enzyme fermentation liquid can be further improved, a large amount of heat energy is generated, the fermentation can be promoted, and compared with the experimental example 10, the fertilizer effect without the lactobacillus acidophilus is not good in effect in other experimental examples of the application. The dendrobium officinale fermentation liquor is compounded with tyrosine, so that the growth of the dendrobium officinale can be further promoted, and the accumulation of anthocyanin is promoted, compared with the experimental example 9, the tyrosine is not added, and the outplanting anthocyanin content and polysaccharide content of the dendrobium officinale are obviously reduced. Researches show that the compounding of the dendrobium officinale fermentation liquid and the tyrosine has a synergistic technical effect, and compared with the experimental examples 11 that the lactobacillus acidophilus-free dendrobium officinale fermentation liquid and the tyrosine compound agent are not added, and only one compound nutrient is added, the experiments show that the compounding of the dendrobium officinale fermentation liquid and the tyrosine has the synergistic technical effect, namely the application effect of the experimental example 7 is better, and the effect is better than that of singly using one compound agent and not using the compound agent.
TABLE 3 influence of water-soluble fertilizers on increasing anthocyanin content in Dendrobium officinale
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. Improve cultivation device of dendrobii officmalis caulis anthocyanin, characterized in that, including chassis (1): one side of the chassis (1) is fixedly provided with a fixed guide rail (2), the surface of the fixed guide rail (2) is slidably provided with a sliding block (6), one side of the sliding block (6) is provided with a sliding cavity (7), the inner cavity of the sliding cavity (7) is slidably provided with a sliding rod (8), the bottom of the sliding rod (8) is fixedly connected with a spring (9), the bottom of the spring (9) is fixedly connected onto the inner wall of the sliding block (6), the top of one side of the sliding rod (8) is provided with a hand-operated wheel II (10) in a penetrating manner, one end of the hand-operated wheel II (10) is fixedly provided with an adjusting gear (11), one side of the sliding rod (8) is provided with a bolt (12) in a penetrating manner, and one end of the bolt (12) is inserted into the sliding block (6); the inboard of fixed guide (2) is rotated and is installed screw thread stock (3), the surface screw thread of screw thread stock (3) install with sliding block (6) fixed connection's screw thread sliding sleeve (5), the one end of screw thread stock (3) runs through to the outside of fixed guide (2) and fixed mounting has hand wheel (4).
2. The cultivation device for improving anthocyanin of dendrobium officinale as claimed in claim 1, wherein: limiting sliding grooves (13) are formed in two sides of an inner cavity of the sliding cavity (7), and limiting blocks (14) sliding in the limiting sliding grooves (13) are fixedly connected to two sides of the sliding rod (8).
3. The cultivation device for improving anthocyanin of dendrobium officinale as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the inside of chassis (1) is run through and is provided with three pivot stock (16), the fixed surface of pivot stock (16) installs arbor foundation (17).
4. The cultivation device for improving anthocyanin of dendrobium officinale as claimed in claim 3, wherein: one end of the rotating shaft long rod (16) is fixedly provided with an adaptive gear (18), and the adaptive gear (18) is meshed with the adjusting gear (11).
5. The cultivation device for improving anthocyanin of dendrobium officinale as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the top of the fixed guide rail (2) is provided with an installation cavity (15) for installing the threaded long rod (3).
6. A cultivation method for increasing the anthocyanin content of dendrobium officinale is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) planting dendrobium officinale seedlings at a canopy density of 0.2-0.6 under a forest and planting the dendrobium officinale seedlings on both sides of a tree base by using the cultivation device of claim 1;
(2) spraying water every day to control humidity, and shaking the hand-operated wheel II (10) to drive the adjusting gear (11) to rotate, so that the arbor base wood for dendrobium officinale planting rotates in a light direction;
(3) preparing a dendrobium officinale fermentation liquid, specifically adding brown sugar into clear water, pulping into a root and leaf mixture of fresh dendrobium, mixing, sealing and fermenting for later use;
(4) mixing the fermentation liquid of the dendrobium officinale with tyrosine, wherein the mixing proportion is that 100-200mg tyrosine is added into each liter of the fermentation liquid of the dendrobium officinale to prepare a fermented water-soluble fertilizer, and after the dendrobium is transplanted for 3 months, spraying the leaves of the dendrobium every week for 1 time until the dendrobium leaves out of the nursery.
7. The cultivation method for increasing the anthocyanin content in dendrobium officinale as claimed in claim 6, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), water is sprayed every day to control the humidity, and the humidity is 50-70%; and shake hand round two (10) and drive adjusting gear (11) and rotate to make dendrobium officinale plant arbor basis wood to light rotation, specifically be 10: before 00, turning 30-50 degrees to east, 10: 00-15: 00 forward horizontal no rotation, 15: after 00, the paper is turned 30-50 degrees to the west.
8. The cultivation method for increasing the anthocyanin content in dendrobium officinale as claimed in claim 7, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: preferably, planting dendrobium officinale seedlings with canopy density of 0.4 under the forest; spraying water every day to control the humidity to be about 60 percent; 10: 45 ° to east before 00, 10: 00-15: 00 forward horizontal no rotation, 15: after 00 it is turned 45 deg. to the west.
9. The cultivation method for increasing the anthocyanin content in dendrobium officinale as claimed in claim 6, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the dendrobium officinale fermentation liquor is prepared by adding a mixture of 2kg of brown sugar and pulped root and leaf juice of fresh dendrobium into 5kg of clear water, wherein the weight ratio of the brown sugar to the dendrobium is 1: (1-4), sealing and fermenting for 1 month after mixing, adding Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) with viable count of 3.15-4.26 hundred million CFU/mL, adding 1-2g of Lactobacillus acidophilus into the mixture of brown sugar and pulped fresh dendrobe root and leaf juice, stirring, and sealing for 3 months again.
10. A foliar fertilizer for improving the contents of anthocyanin and polysaccharide in dendrobium officinale is characterized in that: the foliar fertilizer consists of dendrobium officinale fermentation liquor and tyrosine, wherein the proportion is that 100 plus 200mg of tyrosine is added into each liter of dendrobium officinale fermentation liquor; the dendrobium officinale fermentation liquor is prepared by adding a mixture of 2kg of brown sugar and pulped root and leaf juice of fresh dendrobium into 5kg of clear water, wherein the weight ratio of the brown sugar to the dendrobium is 1: (1-4), sealing and fermenting for 1 month after mixing, adding Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) with viable count of 3.15-4.26 hundred million CFU/mL, adding 1-2g of Lactobacillus acidophilus into the mixture of brown sugar and pulped fresh dendrobe root and leaf juice, stirring, and sealing for 3 months again.
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