CN114303938A - Cross breeding method of phosphorus-efficient corn - Google Patents
Cross breeding method of phosphorus-efficient corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN114303938A CN114303938A CN202210022033.0A CN202210022033A CN114303938A CN 114303938 A CN114303938 A CN 114303938A CN 202210022033 A CN202210022033 A CN 202210022033A CN 114303938 A CN114303938 A CN 114303938A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of crossbreeding, and discloses a crossbreeding method of phosphorus-efficient corn, which comprises the steps of hybridizing a corn male parent and a corn first female parent to obtain hybrid combination F1 generation seeds; in the growth cycle of corn, processing corn plants for three times, and screening planting conditions; under the planting condition obtained by screening, selfing the hybrid combination F1 generation seeds, screening specific plants with screening characters from selfing offspring, and selfing to obtain a second female parent of the corn; hybridizing the second corn female parent and the corn male parent to obtain new F1 generation seeds; and (3) pretreating the obtained new F1 generation seeds to obtain the phosphorus-containing high-efficiency corn seeds. The second female parent of the corn and the hybrid seed obtained by screening the second female parent of the corn under the conditions of low phosphorus and drought have high phosphorus absorption effect and drought tolerance, and the prepared corn seed has high yield, strong resistance to severe environment and excellent characteristics of insect resistance, grass resistance, disease resistance, drought tolerance and salt and alkali tolerance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cross breeding, and particularly relates to a cross breeding method of phosphorus-efficient corn.
Background
At present, corn has large sowing area and wide distribution in China, and is one of the main grains for people in northern and southwest mountainous areas and other dry valley areas in China. The harvest of corn is a great problem related to the grain safety and social stability. In recent years, due to the weather conditions such as drought and the like, the corn cannot be watered with water in time, so that the yield of the corn is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, due to the rising price of phosphate fertilizer in recent years, many farmers apply little or no phosphate fertilizer in corn planting, and the drought tolerance and the yield reduction of corn are caused. Therefore, the cultivation of high-yield phosphorus-producing high-efficiency drought-enduring corn varieties is one of the important ways for solving the problems of food safety, resources and environment in China in the future.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: due to the recent increase of the price of phosphate fertilizer, many farmers apply little or no phosphate fertilizer in the corn planting process, and the drought tolerance and the yield reduction of the corn are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cross breeding method of high-phosphorus-efficiency corn.
The invention is realized in such a way, and the crossbreeding method of the phosphorus-efficient corn comprises the following steps:
hybridizing a corn male parent and a corn first female parent to obtain hybrid combination F1 generation seeds;
step two, in the growth cycle of the corn, processing the corn plants for three times, and screening planting conditions;
step three, under the planting condition obtained by screening, selfing the hybrid combination F1 generation seeds, screening specific plants with screening characters from selfing offspring, and selfing to obtain a second female parent of the corn;
step four, hybridizing and cultivating the second corn female parent and the corn male parent to obtain new F1 generation seeds;
and step five, pretreating the new F1 generation seeds obtained in the step four to obtain the phosphorus-containing high-efficiency corn seeds.
Further, the method for obtaining hybrid combination F1 generation seeds in the step one comprises:
(1) screening a high-quality variety suitable for local planting as a first female parent of corn crossbreeding;
(2) the variety with disease and pest resistance, lodging resistance, large spike and high seed setting rate is used as a male parent of corn crossbreeding;
(3) and hybridizing the first female parent and the male parent of the corn obtained by screening to obtain hybrid combination F1 generation seeds.
Further, the method for screening planting conditions in the second step comprises the following steps:
(1) sowing corn seeds under low-phosphorus conditions;
(2) carrying out drought treatment on the corn plants from the growth period of the corn plants to the seven-leaf period to the emulsification period;
(3) irrigating the corn planting area with K after the milk stage2And (4) normally irrigating the corn with water after the water of the O.
Further, K is2The mass volume concentration of O is 0.02-0.04 mM.
Further, the selfing in the third step adopts a bagging selfing mode.
Further, the method for obtaining the second female parent of the corn in the third step comprises the following steps:
(1) under the planting condition obtained by screening, selfing the hybrid combination F1 generation seeds obtained by the first hybridization to obtain a second cycle line population F2;
(2) screening specific strains with screening properties from the second loop system population F2;
(3) and continuously selfing the specific strains for 8-10 generations, and breeding a selfing line as a second female parent of the corn.
Further, the screening traits comprise any one of corn kernel, long mango, white shell and yellow.
Further, the cultivation environment in the fourth step is an isolated open environment.
Further, the pretreatment method of the new F1 generation seeds in the step five comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking the new F1 generation seeds obtained by the hybridization cultivation in the step four in water, discarding the corn seeds floating on the water surface, and reserving the corn seeds deposited at the bottom;
(2) placing the corn seeds obtained in the step (1) in the sun for airing, and monitoring the water content of the corn seeds to obtain dry seeds;
(3) and (3) soaking the dried corn seeds obtained in the step (2) in a seed soaking solution, and then respectively airing to finish the pretreatment of the corn seeds.
Further, the preparation of the seed soaking liquid was performed using purified water, chelated zinc, calcium hypochlorite, cyclohexanone and black tea extract.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the hybridization breeding method of the phosphorus-efficient corn, provided by the invention, the second female parent of the corn is screened under the conditions of low phosphorus and drought, the obtained second female parent of the corn and the hybrid seed have high phosphorus absorption effect and drought tolerance, and the prepared corn seed has high yield and strong resistance to severe environment and has excellent characteristics of insect resistance, grass resistance, disease resistance, drought tolerance and salt and alkali tolerance. Meanwhile, the method is beneficial to improving the breeding efficiency of the new efficient corn phosphorus variety, and has a wide application prospect in the field of corn breeding.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a cross breeding method of a phosphorus-efficient maize provided by an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for obtaining hybrid combination F1 generation seeds according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for screening planting conditions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method for obtaining a second female parent of corn according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method for preprocessing seeds of generation F1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cross breeding method of high-phosphorus-efficiency corn, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the cross breeding method for high-phosphorus corn provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, hybridizing the corn male parent and the corn first female parent to obtain hybrid combination F1 generation seeds;
s102, in the growth cycle of the corn, processing the corn plants for three times, and screening planting conditions;
s103, selfing the hybrid combination F1 generation seeds under the screened planting conditions, screening specific plants with screened characters from selfed offspring, and selfing to obtain a second female parent of the corn;
s104, hybridizing and cultivating the second corn female parent and the corn male parent to obtain a new F1 generation seed;
and S105, pretreating the new F1 generation seeds obtained in the step S104 to obtain the phosphorus-containing high-efficiency corn seeds.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for obtaining seeds of generation F1 in the cross combination of step S101 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s201, screening a high-quality variety suitable for local planting as a first female parent of corn crossbreeding;
s202, using the variety with disease and insect resistance, lodging resistance, large spike and high seed setting rate as a male parent of corn crossbreeding;
s203, hybridizing the first female parent and the male parent of the corn obtained by screening to obtain hybrid combination F1 generation seeds.
As shown in fig. 3, the method for screening planting conditions in step S102 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s301, sowing corn seeds under a low-phosphorus condition;
s302, performing drought treatment on the corn plants from the corn plant growing period to the seven-leaf period to the emulsification period;
s303, irrigating K-containing corn planting areas after milk stage2And (4) normally irrigating the corn with water after the water of the O.
K provided by the embodiment of the invention2The mass volume concentration of O is 0.02-0.04 mM.
The selfing in step S103 provided by the embodiment of the present invention adopts a bagging selfing manner.
As shown in fig. 4, the method for obtaining the second female parent of the corn in step S103 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s401, selfing the hybrid combination F1 generation seeds obtained by the first hybridization under the screened planting conditions to obtain a second loop line population F2;
s402, screening a specific strain with screening characteristics from the second loop system population F2;
s403, continuously selfing the specific strains for 8-10 generations, and breeding a selfing line as a second female parent of the corn.
The screening traits provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise any one of corn kernels, long silvergrass, white shells and yellow.
The cultivation environment in step S104 provided by the embodiment of the present invention is an isolated open environment.
As shown in fig. 5, the method for preprocessing the new F1 generation seeds in step S105 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s501, soaking the new F1 generation seeds obtained by hybridization in the step S104 in water, discarding corn seeds floating on the water surface, and reserving corn seeds deposited at the bottom;
s502, airing the corn seeds obtained in the step S501 in sunlight, and monitoring the moisture content of the corn seeds to obtain dry seeds;
s503, soaking the dried corn seeds obtained in the step S502 in seed soaking liquid, and then respectively airing to finish the pretreatment of the corn seeds.
In step S503 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the seed soaking liquid is prepared by using purified water, chelated zinc, calcium hypochlorite, cyclohexanone and black tea extract.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A cross breeding method of high-phosphorus-efficiency corn is characterized by comprising the following steps:
hybridizing a corn male parent and a corn first female parent to obtain hybrid combination F1 generation seeds;
step two, in the growth cycle of the corn, processing the corn plants for three times, and screening planting conditions;
step three, under the planting condition obtained by screening, selfing the hybrid combination F1 generation seeds, screening specific plants with screening characters from selfing offspring, and selfing to obtain a second female parent of the corn;
step four, hybridizing and cultivating the second corn female parent and the corn male parent to obtain new F1 generation seeds;
and step five, pretreating the new F1 generation seeds obtained in the step four to obtain the phosphorus-containing high-efficiency corn seeds.
2. The method for cross breeding of phosphorus-efficient maize of claim 1, wherein the method for obtaining seeds of hybrid combination F1 in step one comprises:
(1) screening a high-quality variety suitable for local planting as a first female parent of corn crossbreeding;
(2) the variety with disease and pest resistance, lodging resistance, large spike and high seed setting rate is used as a male parent of corn crossbreeding;
(3) and hybridizing the first female parent and the male parent of the corn obtained by screening to obtain hybrid combination F1 generation seeds.
3. The method for cross breeding of phosphorus-efficient maize of claim 1, wherein the step two method for selecting planting conditions comprises:
(1) sowing corn seeds under low-phosphorus conditions;
(2) carrying out drought treatment on the corn plants from the growth period of the corn plants to the seven-leaf period to the emulsification period;
(3) irrigating the corn planting area with K after the milk stage2And (4) normally irrigating the corn with water after the water of the O.
4. The method for cross breeding of phosphorus-efficient maize of claim 3, wherein said K is2The mass volume concentration of O is 0.02-0.04 mM.
5. The method for crossbreeding phosphorus-efficient corn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the selfing in the third step is performed by bagging selfing.
6. The method for cross breeding of phosphorus-efficient maize of claim 1, wherein the method for obtaining the second female parent of maize in step three comprises:
(1) under the planting condition obtained by screening, selfing the hybrid combination F1 generation seeds obtained by the first hybridization to obtain a second cycle line population F2;
(2) screening specific strains with screening properties from the second loop system population F2;
(3) and continuously selfing the specific strains for 8-10 generations, and breeding a selfing line as a second female parent of the corn.
7. The method for cross breeding of phosphorus-efficient corn of claim 6, wherein the screening trait comprises any one of corn kernel, long mango, white hull and yellow.
8. The method for crossbreeding phosphorus-efficient maize of claim 1, wherein the cultivation environment in step four is an isolated open environment.
9. A cross breeding method of phosphorus-efficient corn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment method of new F1 generation seeds in the fifth step comprises:
(1) soaking the new F1 generation seeds obtained by the hybridization cultivation in the step four in water, discarding the corn seeds floating on the water surface, and reserving the corn seeds deposited at the bottom;
(2) placing the corn seeds obtained in the step (1) in the sun for airing, and monitoring the water content of the corn seeds to obtain dry seeds;
(3) and (3) soaking the dried corn seeds obtained in the step (2) in a seed soaking solution, and then respectively airing to finish the pretreatment of the corn seeds.
10. The cross breeding method of phosphorus-rich maize according to claim 9, wherein the seed soaking solution is prepared using purified water, chelated zinc, calcium hypochlorite, cyclohexanone, and black tea extract.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115623982A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2023-01-20 | 邯郸市农业科学院 | Breeding method of drought-tolerant and disease-resistant corn |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105028173A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-11-11 | 阮积恩 | Hybridization breeding method of high-phosphorus-efficiency maize |
| CN112772409A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-05-11 | 楚雄彝族自治州农业科学院 | Method for cultivating new corn variety |
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- 2022-01-10 CN CN202210022033.0A patent/CN114303938A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105028173A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-11-11 | 阮积恩 | Hybridization breeding method of high-phosphorus-efficiency maize |
| CN112772409A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-05-11 | 楚雄彝族自治州农业科学院 | Method for cultivating new corn variety |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115623982A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2023-01-20 | 邯郸市农业科学院 | Breeding method of drought-tolerant and disease-resistant corn |
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