CN114303785A - Method for artificially cultivating hericium erinaceus containing taxus chinensis components - Google Patents
Method for artificially cultivating hericium erinaceus containing taxus chinensis components Download PDFInfo
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- CN114303785A CN114303785A CN202011094914.0A CN202011094914A CN114303785A CN 114303785 A CN114303785 A CN 114303785A CN 202011094914 A CN202011094914 A CN 202011094914A CN 114303785 A CN114303785 A CN 114303785A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for artificially cultivating hericium erinaceus containing taxus chinensis components, and develops cultivation of a new plant variety. The raw materials for cultivating the hericium erinaceus are as follows: the Chinese yew tea is prepared from northeast China Chinese yew branch and leaf sawdust, oak sawdust, corn flour, soybean flour, rice chaff, wheat bran and gypsum. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing raw materials; (2) stirring materials; (3) bagging; (4) sterilizing; (5) inoculating; (6) culturing hyphae; (7) fruiting; (8) and (6) harvesting. The success of cultivating the taxus chinensis hericium erinaceus opens up a new way for developing new medicine sources and health care products, and the method not only keeps the original hericium erinaceus components, but also contains rich taxus chinensis components and various components in taxus chinensis plants such as taxol, taxine and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for artificially cultivating practical fungus plants, in particular to a method for artificially cultivating hericium erinaceus containing taxus chinensis components.
Background
Regarding yew:
the yew is a natural rare anti-cancer plant existing before 250 ten thousand years and currently endangered to be extinct, and the medicinal value of the yew is taxol which is an extract of the yew and can treat metastatic ovarian cancer and breast cancer; has obvious curative effect on lung cancer and esophagus cancer; can inhibit nephritis and parvovirus inflammation. The root, stem and leaf of Taxus chinensis can be used as medicine, and has certain therapeutic effects on dysuria, swelling and pain, diabetes, menoxenia and puerperal regulation.
Regarding the hericium erinaceus:
hericium erinaceus is a traditional edible and medicinal fungus plant in China, has important medicinal efficacy and edible efficacy which are widely concerned by people all the time, belongs to mountain delicacies, is one of eight famous mountain delicacies in China, can be called four famous dishes together with sea cucumbers, bear palms and bird's nests, and is mainly because of being rich in protein, fat, carbohydrate, phosphorus, iron, calcium and various amino acids. The existing researches show that the secondary metabolite of the hericium erinaceus has important effects in enhancing immunity, resisting inflammation, promoting growth of nerve factors, resisting tumors, treating hyperlipidemia, reducing blood sugar and the like, and in addition, the hericium fungi has the functions of protecting the nervous system, resisting aging, resisting oxidation, protecting the liver, resisting mutation and resisting radiation, so that the hericium erinaceus has extremely high research value.
At present, only the documents of foods and health care products containing components such as hericium erinaceus and taxus chinensis are described, but the documents of a method for cultivating the hericium erinaceus containing the components of the taxus chinensis are not described.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for artificially cultivating hericium erinaceus containing taxus chinensis components, and develops cultivation of a new plant variety.
The invention has the key points of the realization steps: the hericium erinaceus containing taxus chinensis components are successfully cultured by using the branches and leaves of the northeast taxus chinensis as part of base materials for artificially culturing hericium erinaceus fungus sticks after being crushed. Develops a new way for the development of the taxus chinensis and the hericium erinaceus in the planting industry and the health industry.
The invention relates to a method for artificially cultivating hericium erinaceus containing taxus components by utilizing branches and leaves of taxus cuspidata, in particular to a method for artificially cultivating the hericium erinaceus containing taxus components, which is characterized in that the patented core is the proportion of the branches and leaves of the taxus cuspidata contained in a fungus stick, namely the formula (weight percentage) of the hericium erinaceus containing taxus greater than the taxus cuspidata: 20% of taxus cuspidata branch and leaf sawdust, 65% of oak sawdust, 2.0% of corn flour, 2.0% of bean flour, 8.0% of rice chaff, 2.0% of wheat bran and 1.0% of gypsum. Because the content of the taxol in the taxus cuspidata is relatively higher than that of other taxus varieties, the contents of taxol and other taxus components in the hericium erinaceus cannot be reached by using branches and leaves of other taxus varieties to prepare the materials according to the proportion.
A method for artificially culturing Hericium erinaceus containing Taxus chinensis comprises:
(1) preparing raw materials; (2) stirring materials; (3) bagging; (4) sterilizing; (5) inoculating; (6) culturing hyphae; (7) fruiting; and (8) harvesting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the success of cultivating the taxus chinensis hericium erinaceus opens up a new way for developing new medicine sources and health care products, and the method not only keeps the original hericium erinaceus components, but also contains rich taxus chinensis components and various components in taxus chinensis plants such as taxol, taxine and the like. Has important significance for the development of health industry, planting industry and the like in the future.
Detailed Description
The technical requirements for artificially cultivating the hericium erinaceus containing the components of the taxus chinensis are as follows:
the environmental requirements are as follows: selecting a production site which is under the taxus cuspidata forest or utilizes a greenhouse and has good ecological environment, good water quality and no pollution nearby. 2-4 rows of fungus sticks can be placed under the forest according to the spatial position under the tree. The greenhouse needs to be arranged in the north and south directions for lighting and heat preservation and has sun-shading and ventilating facilities.
Temperature and humidity requirements: hericium erinaceus belongs to middle-temperature low-grade fungi, and the temperature of hyphae is suitable to be about 25 ℃. The optimal growth temperature of the sporocarps is 18 to 20 ℃, and the relative humidity is required to be about 85 to 90 percent.
A method for artificially culturing Hericium erinaceus containing Taxus chinensis comprises:
(1) preparing raw materials: the raw material formula (weight percentage) is as follows: 20% of taxus cuspidata branch and leaf sawdust, 65% of oak sawdust, 2.0% of corn flour, 2.0% of bean flour, 8.0% of rice chaff, 2.0% of wheat bran and 1.0% of gypsum.
(2) Mixing materials: pre-wetting the taxus cuspidata branch and leaf sawdust and the oak sawdust according to the two proportions, uniformly scattering and uniformly stirring the rice chaff, the wheat bran, the corn flour, the bean flour and the gypsum, adding water into the mixture, and stirring the mixture to prepare a culture material; the water content of the culture material is 60 percent.
(3) Bagging: filling the culture materials into cultivation bags of 10cm x 22cm, sealing the inoculation openings with cotton, wherein the tightness of the culture materials in the cultivation bags is moderate, and the wet weight of each cultivation bag is 1.3 kg;
(4) and (3) sterilization: putting the prepared fungus bags into a plastic basket or an iron basket, putting the fungus bags orderly, sequentially putting the fungus bags in 3-10 layers, and then heating and sterilizing;
(5) inoculation: 1 inoculating hole is arranged on one side of each bag, and an inoculating hole is sterilized to prevent foreign bacteria pollution;
(6) hypha culture: the inoculated bags of coryneform bacteria are placed in a previously prepared rack or grid. Performing hypha culture;
(7) fruiting; in the field and under forest, the fruiting is started successively when the humidity is 45% -95%. In the greenhouse, if the humidity is 55-85%, if the oxygen supply is sufficient, direct sunlight is avoided, and fruiting begins under the conditions.
(8) Harvesting: selecting fresh hericium erinaceus which have not been extended or have a length of not more than 0.5cm and are harvested for use when a large amount of spores are not released 10-20 days after the growth of mushroom buds; and selecting Hericium erinaceus with a height of about 1.0cm, harvesting the fruiting body, dewatering, and oven drying.
And (3) observing and detecting the hericium erinaceus production condition: the hericium erinaceus containing the taxus chinensis components produced by the cultivation technology is large in fruiting body, 12-13 cm in diameter, white in color and delicious in taste, and can produce 1.0-1.30 kg of hericium erinaceus per bag forest and 1.20-1.5 kg of hericium erinaceus in a greenhouse according to measurement.
The hericium erinaceus successfully cultured by utilizing the branches and leaves of the taxus cuspidata is detected by Kunming plant research institute of Chinese academy of sciences, and contains various components in the taxus plants, such as paclitaxel, taxine and the like (the detection result is shown in the table). The hericium erinaceus is a new way for development of future planting industry and health industry. The hericium erinaceus cultured by the method not only retains the original components of the hericium erinaceus, but also has the components of taxus chinensis which are detected by Yunnan plant research institute to be beyond imagination and are very favored.
Kunming plant institute detection report
Sample name: yew hericium erinaceus
| Assay Components | Yew hericium erinaceus (score of ten thousand) |
| 10-DAB | Not detected out |
| Baccatin III | 0.0686 |
| 10-deacetyl-taxol | 0.0760 |
| 7-xylose-paclitaxel | 0.0821 |
| Cephalomannine | 0.0981 |
| Paclitaxel | 0.0958 |
| Total up to | 0.4208 |
And (3) checking time: year 2020, 1 month 19 days.
Claims (8)
1. An artificially cultured hericium erinaceus containing taxus components is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: the Chinese yew tea is prepared from northeast China Chinese yew branch and leaf sawdust, oak sawdust, corn flour, soybean flour, rice chaff, wheat bran and gypsum.
2. The hericium erinaceus containing the taxus component as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the raw material formula (weight percentage) is as follows: 20% of taxus cuspidata branch and leaf sawdust, 65% of oak sawdust, 2.0% of corn flour, 2.0% of bean flour, 8.0% of rice chaff, 2.0% of wheat bran and 1.0% of gypsum.
3. A method for artificially cultivating hericium erinaceus containing taxus components is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: the raw materials are taxus cuspidata branch and leaf sawdust, oak sawdust, corn meal, bean flour, rice chaff, wheat bran and gypsum;
(2) mixing materials: pre-wetting the taxus chinensis branch and leaf sawdust and the oak sawdust according to the two proportions, uniformly scattering and uniformly stirring the rice chaff, the wheat bran, the corn flour, the bean flour and the gypsum, adding water into the mixture, and stirring the mixture to prepare a culture material;
(3) bagging: filling the culture materials into cultivation bags of 10cm x 22cm, sealing the inoculation openings with cotton, wherein the tightness of the culture materials in the cultivation bags is moderate, and the wet weight of each cultivation bag is 1.3 kg;
(4) and (3) sterilization: putting the prepared fungus bags into a plastic basket or an iron basket, putting the fungus bags orderly, sequentially putting the fungus bags in 3-10 layers, and then heating and sterilizing;
(5) inoculation: 1 inoculating hole is arranged on one side of each bag, and an inoculating hole is sterilized to prevent foreign bacteria pollution;
(6) hypha culture: the inoculated bags of coryneform bacteria are placed in a previously prepared rack or grid. Performing hypha culture; the mycelium culture room is controlled at early temperature of 25-30 deg.C and at late stage at relative humidity of 18-25 deg.C lower than 40%.
(7) Fruiting: in the field and under forest, the fruiting is started successively when the humidity is 45% -95%. In the greenhouse, if the humidity is 55-85%, if the oxygen supply is sufficient, direct sunlight is avoided, and fruiting begins under the conditions.
(8) Harvesting: harvesting 10-20 days after the mushroom buds grow.
4. The method for artificially cultivating the hericium erinaceus containing the taxus chinensis component according to claim 3, wherein in the step (1), the raw material formula (weight percentage) is as follows: 20% of taxus cuspidata branch and leaf sawdust, 65% of oak sawdust, 2.0% of corn flour, 2.0% of bean flour, 8.0% of rice chaff, 2.0% of wheat bran and 1.0% of gypsum.
5. The method for artificially cultivating the hericium erinaceus containing the taxus chinensis component according to claim 3, wherein in the step (2), the water content of the compost is 60% by weight.
6. The method for artificially cultivating a hericium erinaceus having a taxus component according to claim 3, wherein in the step (4), the mushroom bags are stacked, sterilized by heating under normal pressure for 6 hours, and naturally cooled to an internal temperature of 20 to 35 ℃ after high pressure for 4 hours.
7. The method for artificially cultivating the hericium erinaceus containing the taxus chinensis component according to claim 3, wherein in the step (6), the temperature of hypha cultivation is controlled to be 25-30 ℃ in the early stage, 18-25 ℃ in the later stage and the relative humidity is lower than 40%; culturing in dark place for 40-45 days, and after hyphae grow full, performing after-ripening culture for 25-30 days under the conditions of constant room temperature and humidity; in the culture process, attention should be paid to ventilation in the shed to ensure fresh air if the cultivation in the shed is adopted.
8. The method for artificially cultivating the hericium erinaceus containing the taxus chinensis component according to claim 3, wherein in the step (7), budding is promoted for 3 days under the conditions that the temperature difference is about 5 ℃ at 13-18 ℃, the humidity is 85% -90%, the oxygen supply is sufficient, and direct sunlight is avoided; and then controlling the temperature to be 13-25 ℃, the relative humidity of air to be 85% -90%, and sufficient oxygen supply, so as to avoid fruiting under the condition of direct sunlight.
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| CN101318863A (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2008-12-10 | 福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所 | Process for cultivating edible mushroom with waste slag from yew processing |
| CN104823704A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-12 | 朱峰 | Cultivation method of monkey head mushrooms |
| CN105875185A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-08-24 | 黑龙江省林副特产研究所 | Artificial symbiotic cultivation method for fungi |
| CN107266179A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-20 | 重庆市碚圣医药科技股份有限公司 | The fertilizer of the method and its making of culture medium of edible fungus and culturing edible fungus |
| CN109673384A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-04-26 | 张宏亮 | A kind of method of outdoor cultivating Chinese yew mushroom |
| CN109691351A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-04-30 | 河北民族师范学院 | A kind of Hericium erinaceus culture technology |
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2020
- 2020-09-30 CN CN202011094914.0A patent/CN114303785A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101318863A (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2008-12-10 | 福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所 | Process for cultivating edible mushroom with waste slag from yew processing |
| CN105875185A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-08-24 | 黑龙江省林副特产研究所 | Artificial symbiotic cultivation method for fungi |
| CN104823704A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-12 | 朱峰 | Cultivation method of monkey head mushrooms |
| CN107266179A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-20 | 重庆市碚圣医药科技股份有限公司 | The fertilizer of the method and its making of culture medium of edible fungus and culturing edible fungus |
| CN109673384A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-04-26 | 张宏亮 | A kind of method of outdoor cultivating Chinese yew mushroom |
| CN109691351A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-04-30 | 河北民族师范学院 | A kind of Hericium erinaceus culture technology |
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| 吴秀玲等: "长白山区珊瑚状猴头林下生态栽培技术", 《新农业》 * |
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