CN114279169A - 一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备及浓缩工艺 - Google Patents

一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备及浓缩工艺 Download PDF

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CN114279169A
CN114279169A CN202210072912.4A CN202210072912A CN114279169A CN 114279169 A CN114279169 A CN 114279169A CN 202210072912 A CN202210072912 A CN 202210072912A CN 114279169 A CN114279169 A CN 114279169A
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pressure
krypton
xenon
oxygen
medium
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梁泰航
张育哲
徐小芹
曹徽
张永
黄有满
徐涛
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Zhejiang Zhihai Chemical Equipment Engineering Co ltd
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Zhejiang Zhihai Chemical Equipment Engineering Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备及浓缩工艺，包括空气过滤及压缩系统、预冷系统、纯化系统与空分冷箱，所述空分冷箱包括主换热器，空气增压膨胀机，精馏塔，液氧泵，液氮泵、CO2/N2O吸附器，过冷器、主冷凝蒸发器与贫氪氙蒸发器，经空分冷箱处理后得到中压氧气、低压氧气、中压氮气、常压氮气、液氩、液氧、液氮与贫氪氙液。本发明可同时生产低压氧气、中压氧气、液氧和贫氪氙液；工艺流程经过优化，将贫氪氙装置与空分装置一体化设计，降低制造成本；通过增加CO2/N2O吸附器，氪氙装置安全性能提高，同时提高了氪氙产品的浓度；可通过改变运行工况，调节贫氪氙的浓度和产量，也可不生产贫氪氙，只生产氧产品。

Description

一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备及浓缩工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备及浓缩工艺,是一种调节范围广，可以同时生产低压氧气、中压氧气、液氧和贫氪氙液体，节约制造成本，安全性高的低温空分技术。
背景技术
氪、氙作为特种气体，广泛用于电子芯片、光电、医疗等领域，并由于新兴行业的发展氪氙需求量在逐步增大。
通过深冷精馏制取贫氪氙液体，之后进一步浓缩获得高纯度工业氪氙在当前是一种较为成熟的方法。但是以传统外压缩空分为基础配置贫氪氙装置的流程并不适合当前主流的内压缩空分流程，迫切需要一种能同时生产中压、低压氧气产品和贫氪氙液的工艺装置。
另外，常见空分的贫氪氙装置缺少对CO2、N2O杂质的控制，CO2、N2O含量越多，碳氢化物聚集造成爆炸所需的临界浓度越低，CO2、N2O含量过高增加了贫氪氙塔的运行风险，为了避免碳氢化物聚集带来的隐患，往往要排出过量的液体，又直接降低了贫氪氙的浓度。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有贫氪氙装置缺少对CO2、N2O杂质的控制而提供一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备及浓缩工艺，与常规空分工艺流程相比，可实现低压氧气、中压氧气、液氧和贫氪氙液体同时生产，并且有更高的安全性能。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备，包括空气过滤及压缩系统、预冷系统、纯化系统与空分冷箱，所述空分冷箱包括主换热器，空气增压膨胀机，精馏塔，液氧泵，液氮泵、CO2/N2O吸附器，过冷器、主冷凝蒸发器与贫氪氙蒸发器，经空分冷箱处理后得到中压氧气、低压氧气、中压氮气、常压氮气、液氩、液氧、液氮与贫氪氙液，所述精馏塔包括中压精馏塔、低压精馏塔、粗氩精馏塔、精氩精馏塔与贫氪氙精馏塔。
在本发明中，本发明的产品包括99.6％的中压氧气、99.6％的低压氧气和贫氪氙液体，还可生产纯氮和纯氩产品。
在常规空分装置的基础上将贫氪氙精馏塔与制氧流程一体化，实现液氧浓缩制贫氪氙液体安全生产，并尽量地提高氪氙提取率和浓度。增加CO2/N2O吸附器，去除液氧中的二氧化碳和氧化亚氮杂质，将空分装置和氪氙浓缩设备一体化，避免液氧泵、塔内换热器和精馏塔重复设计，结构紧凑，降低制造成本。
利用空分流程中的中压空气作热源，同时起到蒸发液氧获得低压氧气产品和浓缩精馏获得贫氪氙液体的作用。利用CO2/N2O吸附器提高贫氪氙装置安全性，可进一步提高浓缩倍率，获得更高纯度贫氪氙。整套装置中贫氪氙、中压氧、低压氧可同时或各自独立生产，方便应对不同用气需求进行调节。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述主换热器分别连接所述贫氪氙蒸发器、所述中压精馏塔与气体出口，所述气体出口包括不同管道设置的中压氧气、低压氧气、常压氧气、中压氮气、常压氮气与污氮气。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述中压精馏塔分别连接所述贫氪氙蒸发器、所述主冷凝蒸发器、空气增压膨胀机与所述过冷器，所述中压精馏塔得到的富氧液空、液空、污液氮、液氮经所述过冷器输入所述低压精馏塔。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述低压精馏塔与粗氩精馏塔连接，所述粗氩精馏塔与所述精氩精馏塔连接，所述低压精馏塔的塔底分别连接液氧泵与过冷器。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述粗氩精馏塔的塔顶设有粗氩冷凝器，所述精氩精馏塔的塔底设有精氩蒸发器，所述精氩精馏塔的塔顶设有精氩冷凝器。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述贫氪氙精馏塔位于所述贫氪氙蒸发器的顶部，所述过冷器与所述CO2/N2O吸附器连接，所述CO2/N2O吸附器与所述贫氪氙精馏塔连接。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述纯化系统包括蒸汽加热器与并列设置的分子筛吸附器。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述预冷系统包括冷冻机、水冷塔与空冷塔。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述空气过滤及压缩系统包括空气过滤器与空压机。
一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩工艺，采用上述的设备，包括以下步骤：
1)原料空气进入空气过滤及压缩系统，经预冷系统与纯化系统除杂后分为两部分，一部分直接进入主换热器，经主换热器冷却后一部分直接送入中压精馏塔的底部，主换热器冷却后另一部分送入贫氪氙蒸发器，再送入中压精馏塔底部；
2)中压精馏塔得到的富氧液空、液空、污液氮、液氮经过冷器冷却后送入低压精馏塔，低压精馏塔底部的液氧分为两部分，一部分送入主换热器复热得到中压氧气，另一部分送入过冷器过冷，得到液氧产品；
3)从主冷凝蒸发器得到的液氧，送入CO2/N2O吸附器除杂，使液氧中CO2的浓度小于1ppm，N2O的浓度小于40ppm，再送入贫氪氙精馏塔，送贫氪氙精馏塔上部得到常压氧气，送入主换热器复热作为常压氧气产品，在贫氪氙精馏塔底部得到浓缩后的贫氪氙液体产品；
从主冷凝蒸发器得到的液氮，经液氮泵送入主换热器复热得到中压氮气、常压氮气与污氮气；
4)低压精馏塔得到的粗馏分经粗氩精馏塔与精氩精馏塔得到液氩。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1)本发明与常规空分装置相比，可同时生产低压氧气、中压氧气、液氧和贫氪氙液；
2)工艺流程经过优化，将贫氪氙装置与空分装置一体化设计，降低制造成本；
3)通过增加CO2/N2O吸附器，氪氙装置安全性能提高，同时提高了氪氙产品的浓度；
4)可通过改变运行工况，调节贫氪氙的浓度和产量，也可不生产贫氪氙，只生产氧产品。
附图说明
图1是本发明的示意图。
图中，1.主换热器；2.中压精馏塔；3.低压精馏塔；4.粗氩精馏塔；5.精氩精馏塔；6.贫氪氙精馏塔；7.主冷凝蒸发器；8.过冷器；9.粗氩冷凝器；10.精氩蒸发器；11.精氩冷凝器；12.贫氪氙蒸发器；13.CO2/N2O吸附器；14.液氧泵；15.液氮泵；16.空气过滤器；17.空压机；18.冷冻机；19.水冷塔；20.空冷塔；21.分子筛吸附器；22.蒸汽加热器；23.空气增压机；24.空气增压膨胀机。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
参见图1，本发明提供了一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备，包括空气过滤及压缩系统、预冷系统、纯化系统与空分冷箱，所述空分冷箱包括主换热器1，空气增压膨胀机24，精馏塔，液氧泵14，液氮泵15、CO2/N2O吸附器13，过冷器8、主冷凝蒸发器7与贫氪氙蒸发器12，经空分冷箱处理后得到中压氧气、低压氧气、中压氮气、常压氮气、液氩、液氧、液氮与贫氪氙液，所述精馏塔包括中压精馏塔2、低压精馏塔3、粗氩精馏塔4、精氩精馏塔5与贫氪氙精馏塔6。
纯化系统包括蒸汽加热器22与并列设置的分子筛吸附器21，预冷系统包括冷冻机18、水冷塔19与空冷塔22，空气过滤及压缩系统包括空气过滤器16与空压机17。
主换热器1分别连接贫氪氙蒸发器12、中压精馏塔2与气体出口，气体出口包括不同管道设置的中压氧气、低压氧气、常压氧气、中压氮气、常压氮气与污氮气；
中压精馏塔2分别连接贫氪氙蒸发器12、主冷凝蒸发器7、空气增压膨胀机24与过冷器8，中压精馏塔2得到的富氧液空、液空、污液氮、液氮经所述过冷器8输入低压精馏塔3。
低压精馏塔3与粗氩精馏塔4连接，粗氩精馏塔4与精氩精馏塔5连接，低压精馏塔3的塔底分别连接液氧泵14与过冷器8。
粗氩精馏塔4的塔顶设有粗氩冷凝器9，精氩精馏塔5的塔底设有精氩蒸发器10，塔顶设有精氩冷凝器11。
贫氪氙精馏塔6位于贫氪氙蒸发器12的顶部，过冷器8与CO2/N2O吸附器13连接，CO2/N2O吸附器13与贫氪氙精馏塔6连接。
实施例
参见图1，本实施例提供的是采用上述的设备的浓缩工艺，包括：
原料空气进入自洁式空气过滤器16过滤，之后送到空压机17增压至5barG，经预冷系统空冷塔20和分子筛吸附器21后除去水、CO2及大分子杂质，使水和CO2的含量降低到0.1ppm以下。
除杂后的原料气分为两部分，一股空气直接进入主换热器1，冷却后除少部分送入中压精馏塔2底部精馏，大部分作为热源去贫氪氙蒸发器12继续换热，再送入中压精馏塔2的底部精馏。另一股空气送入空气增压机23进一步压缩，从空气增压机23末级抽出的空气分为三部分，一股空气进入主换热器1，冷却后送入分离器，还有两股空气分别去空气增压温膨胀机24，经增压、冷却、膨胀后送入中压精馏塔2的底部精馏。
中压精馏塔2的富氧液空、液空、污液氮、液氮经过冷器冷却后送入低压精馏塔3，从低压精馏塔3抽取部分粗馏份经粗氩精馏塔4、精氩精馏塔5进一步精馏得到纯液氩。
从中压精馏塔2的底部抽取液氧，此处的氪氙浓度较低，减少氪氙损失，一部分送入液氧泵14，经加压后送入主换热器1复热得到中压氧气，另一部分送入过冷器8过冷，之后作为液氧产品送出。
另从主冷凝蒸发器7抽取液氧，此处的氪氙浓度较高，先经由CO2/N2O吸附器13除去二氧化碳和氧化亚氮，使液氧中CO2的浓度小于1ppm，N2O的浓度小于40ppm。除杂后的液氧分两股从上部和下部进入贫氪氙精馏塔6，在贫氪氙精馏塔6上部得到压力50kPaG的常压氧气，送入主换热器1复热作为产品送出。在贫氪氙精馏塔6底部得到浓缩后的贫氪氙液体产品。
本发明中生产纯氮与纯氩产品的方法，为常规技术，在此不在赘述。
不生产贫氪氙液体的方法：空分生产的液氧全由主冷凝蒸发器7抽出，一部分送入液氧泵14，经加压后送入主换热器1复热得到中压氧气；一部分送入过冷器8过冷，作为液氧产品送出。去贫氪氙精馏塔6的液氧经吸附器旁路，全由贫氪氙精馏塔6的下部送入，贫氪氙蒸发器12蒸发液氧得到低压氧气，少部分作为安全排放的液氧可送入液氧泵14管道。
由此可见，本发明与常规空分装置相比，可同时生产低压氧气、中压氧气、液氧和贫氪氙液；工艺流程经过优化，将贫氪氙装置与空分装置一体化设计，降低制造成本；通过增加CO2/N2O吸附器，氪氙装置安全性能提高，同时提高了氪氙产品的浓度；可通过改变运行工况，调节贫氪氙的浓度和产量，也可不生产贫氪氙，只生产氧产品。
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明任何形式上和实质上的限制，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明方法的前提下，还将可以做出若干改进和补充，这些改进和补充也应视为本发明的保护范围。凡熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，当可利用以上所揭示的技术内容而做出的些许更动、修饰与演变的等同变化，均为本发明的等效实施例；同时，凡依据本发明的实质技术对上述实施例所作的任何等同变化的更动、修饰与演变，均仍属于本发明的技术方案的范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备，其特征在于，包括空气过滤及压缩系统、预冷系统、纯化系统与空分冷箱，所述空分冷箱包括主换热器，空气增压膨胀机，精馏塔，液氧泵，液氮泵、CO2/N2O吸附器，过冷器、主冷凝蒸发器与贫氪氙蒸发器，经空分冷箱处理后得到中压氧气、低压氧气、中压氮气、常压氮气、液氩、液氧、液氮与贫氪氙液，所述精馏塔包括中压精馏塔、低压精馏塔、粗氩精馏塔、精氩精馏塔与贫氪氙精馏塔。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备，其特征在于，所述主换热器分别连接所述贫氪氙蒸发器、所述中压精馏塔与气体出口，所述气体出口包括不同管道设置的中压氧气、低压氧气、常压氧气、中压氮气、常压氮气与污氮气。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备，其特征在于，所述中压精馏塔分别连接所述贫氪氙蒸发器、所述主冷凝蒸发器、空气增压膨胀机与所述过冷器，所述中压精馏塔得到的富氧液空、液空、污液氮、液氮经所述过冷器输入所述低压精馏塔。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备，其特征在于，所述低压精馏塔与粗氩精馏塔连接，所述粗氩精馏塔与所述精氩精馏塔连接，所述低压精馏塔的塔底分别连接液氧泵与过冷器。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备，其特征在于，所述粗氩精馏塔的塔顶设有粗氩冷凝器，所述精氩精馏塔的塔底设有精氩蒸发器，所述精氩精馏塔的塔顶设有精氩冷凝器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备，其特征在于，所述贫氪氙精馏塔位于所述贫氪氙蒸发器的顶部，所述过冷器与所述CO2/N2O吸附器连接，所述CO2/N2O吸附器与所述贫氪氙精馏塔连接。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备，其特征在于，所述纯化系统包括蒸汽加热器与并列设置的分子筛吸附器。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备，其特征在于，所述预冷系统包括冷冻机、水冷塔与空冷塔。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩一体化设备，其特征在于，所述空气过滤及压缩系统包括空气过滤器与空压机。
10.一种中压、低压氧气空分及氪氙浓缩工艺，其特征在于，采用权利要求1-9任一项所述的设备，包括以下步骤：
1)原料空气进入空气过滤及压缩系统，经预冷系统与纯化系统除杂后分为两部分，一部分直接进入主换热器，经主换热器冷却后一部分直接送入中压精馏塔的底部，主换热器冷却后另一部分送入贫氪氙蒸发器，再送入中压精馏塔底部；
2)中压精馏塔得到的富氧液空、液空、污液氮、液氮经过冷器冷却后送入低压精馏塔，低压精馏塔底部的液氧分为两部分，一部分送入主换热器复热得到中压氧气，另一部分送入过冷器过冷，得到液氧产品；
3)从主冷凝蒸发器得到的液氧，送入CO2/N2O吸附器除杂，使液氧中CO2的浓度小于1ppm，N2O的浓度小于40ppm，再送入贫氪氙精馏塔，送贫氪氙精馏塔上部得到常压氧气，送入主换热器复热作为常压氧气产品，在贫氪氙精馏塔底部得到浓缩后的贫氪氙液体产品；
从主冷凝蒸发器得到的液氮，经液氮泵送入主换热器复热得到中压氮气、常压氮气与污氮气；
4)低压精馏塔得到的粗馏分经粗氩精馏塔与精氩精馏塔得到液氩。
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113670003A (zh) * 2021-07-29 2021-11-19 北京科技大学 高安全性的储能、发电和物质回收外压缩空分工艺流程
CN113686099A (zh) * 2021-08-09 2021-11-23 北京科技大学 一种基于内压缩空分储能装置的物质回收方法
CN115839601A (zh) * 2023-02-27 2023-03-24 中科富海(杭州)气体工程科技有限公司 液体空分及氪氙预浓缩一体化设备

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113670003A (zh) * 2021-07-29 2021-11-19 北京科技大学 高安全性的储能、发电和物质回收外压缩空分工艺流程
CN113686099A (zh) * 2021-08-09 2021-11-23 北京科技大学 一种基于内压缩空分储能装置的物质回收方法
CN113686099B (zh) * 2021-08-09 2022-08-09 北京科技大学 一种基于内压缩空分储能装置的物质回收方法
CN115839601A (zh) * 2023-02-27 2023-03-24 中科富海(杭州)气体工程科技有限公司 液体空分及氪氙预浓缩一体化设备

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