CN114273954A

CN114273954A - Machining machine tool using tray for loading materials and automatic loading and unloading machining method

Info

Publication number: CN114273954A
Application number: CN202111583720.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李凤阳; 张慧
Original assignee: Shenzhen Chuangling Intelligence Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Chuangling Intelligence Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-22
Filing date: 2021-12-22
Publication date: 2022-04-05

Abstract

The invention discloses a machining tool using a tray to carry materials and an automatic feeding and discharging machining method using the tray to carry materials. The lathe includes the lathe bed, the processing platform, and processing main shaft piles up in the material loading district and places the tray with unloading district, manipulator, the material loading district, and the tray has set up picks up the position, and after the superiors' tray was empty dish in the material loading district, the empty tray of material loading district superiors carried the unloading district as holding the tray of processed material. The feeding area and the discharging area are directly and simply arranged in front of the machining table, empty trays in the feeding area are carried to the discharging area through the mechanical arm to be repeatedly used, and therefore the situation that the machine tool body is not changed too much is achieved, the feeding area and the discharging area are enabled to obtain more tray stacking spaces, the space layout is more reasonable, the same tray is recycled in the feeding area and the discharging area, the space for arranging the empty tray recovery area in the area near the machine tool in the prior art is saved, and the automation of feeding and discharging is guaranteed.

Description

Machining machine tool using tray for loading materials and automatic loading and unloading machining method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of processing machines, in particular to a processing machine tool using a tray to carry materials and an automatic feeding and discharging processing method.

Background

The feeding and discharging module of the processing machine tool is an important component of the processing machine tool, particularly the processing machine tool with higher automation integration level, the efficiency and stability of feeding and discharging determine the overall efficiency and performance of the processing machine tool, and because the processing machine tool is different from a production line or a processing line, the area of the machine tool body of the processing machine tool is limited, how to reasonably arrange all parts on the limited machine tool body to improve the processing efficiency and performance of the processing machine tool is a difficult problem that technicians in the industry need to continuously overcome and perfect. The existing processing machine tool mostly stores materials in a material rack mode, an upper material rack and a lower material rack are arranged in front of a processing table, the material capacity condition in the material rack needs to be noticed manually, and an empty upper material rack needs to be replaced manually in time and a full-load lower material rack needs to be taken down. The mode that the machine tool adopted the conveyer belt in addition sets up before the machine tool machining platform, has very big improvement to the material loading efficiency of machine tool, nevertheless is applicable to the processing of ordinary sheet, and the transfer chain can occupy the great space of lathe bed, is unfavorable for the structure optimization and the cost reduction of lathe bed. To high-end tempering membrane, the cell-phone apron does not allow because the slip that produces between the glass sheet stock when piling up little scratch, and intelligent wrist-watch glass screen is too little, easily emptys when piling up, and the burst is difficult and scratch influences the processing quality equally, and adopts artifical pre-insertion frame mode to come the feed in advance, can't save the manual work.

Although there is a processing machine tool which adopts a tray to carry materials or carries out loading and unloading through a separation paper/separation plate in the prior art, the tray needs to be manually taken down after the tray is carried with materials, the efficiency is low, although some processing machines can take down the tray or take down the separation paper/separation plate by a manipulator, because the unloaded tray needs to be reloaded with the materials to be processed, the separation paper/separation plate can be abandoned or cleaned and then be reapplied in the tray of the materials to be processed to realize the separation effect, the manipulator can take the tray or the separation paper/plate to a certain area outside the machine tool body so that an operator can take the tray or the separation paper/plate away quickly in time, and the processing procedure of the machine tool or the occupied space of the machine tool body can not be influenced. Although the mode can solve the isolation and the taking and placing of high-end materials, the efficiency of the material taking end is still low, and the overall performance of a processing machine tool is influenced. In addition, the existing processing machine tool often selects a material rack in a rack inserting mode to be used in a blanking area for processing high-end materials so as to ensure that the materials have a better separation effect and higher material capacity, but the rack inserting type material rack has higher requirements on the operation precision of a manipulator, and then the blanking mode or procedure is limited. Therefore, the existing processing machine tool, especially the processing machine tool which adopts the tray to carry materials when processing high-end materials, has the problems of low automation and intelligentized integration level, unreasonable spatial layout, low processing efficiency and poor overall performance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a processing machine tool using a tray for carrying materials and an automatic feeding and discharging processing method using the tray for carrying materials, which aim to solve the problems.

The invention provides a processing machine tool for carrying materials by using trays, which comprises a machine body, a processing table positioned on the machine body, a processing main shaft matched with the processing table, a feeding area for placing materials to be processed, a discharging area for placing processed materials, and a manipulator for moving between the processing table and the feeding area as well as the discharging area, wherein the trays for containing the materials to be processed are stacked in the feeding area, the trays are also provided with picking positions capable of being picked by the manipulator, the manipulator carries the materials in the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the processing table until the tray on the uppermost layer is empty, and then the manipulator is positioned to the picking position of the tray on the uppermost layer and carries the empty tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the discharging area to be stacked as the tray for containing the processed materials.

Preferably, the manipulator carries the material in the tray of the superiors in the material loading district to the processing platform until the tray material of the superiors is empty dish after, and the manipulator is fixed a position the pick-up position of the tray of the superiors in the material loading district and carries the empty tray of the superiors in the material loading district to the unloading district and pile up the mode of placing the tray as being used for holding the processed material and include: the manipulator carries the last material to be processed in the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to a processing table, and after the last material to be processed is processed into the processed material on the processing table by a processing main shaft and is carried into the tray for containing the processed material in the blanking area by the manipulator, the manipulator is positioned to the picking position of the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area and carries the empty tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the blanking area to be stacked and placed as the tray for containing the processed material; or after the last material to be processed in the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area is conveyed to the processing table by the mechanical arm, the mechanical arm directly returns to the feeding area to be positioned to the picking position of the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area and conveys the empty tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the discharging area to be stacked and placed as the tray for containing the processed material.

Preferably, the material loading district and the unloading district transversely set up side by side along the lathe bed, and material loading district and unloading district have all set up the rack, and the tray is fixed to be placed on the rack.

Preferably, a detection device for detecting whether the tray exists in the area is arranged on the placing frame of the feeding area and/or the discharging area.

Preferably, the rack includes the support frame and is fixed in the loading board on the support frame, and one side that the loading board is close to the processing platform has set up the backplate, and the side shield that the horizontal both sides of loading board set up, both sides baffle enclose into the front side and the open and storage area that can inject the tray in top with the backplate.

Preferably, the length of the side plates on the two sides is smaller than that of the two sides of the bearing plate, and the side plates on the two sides are inclined downwards from back to front along the top edge to form inclined planes so as to increase the clearance space.

Preferably, the placing rack in the feeding area is arranged on a controllable lifting platform, and the controllable lifting platform enables the placing rack to be lifted by a corresponding height according to the height difference between all the materials to be processed in the tray on the uppermost layer of the feeding area after being taken away or the empty tray on the uppermost layer after being taken away so as to ensure that the manipulator picks up the empty tray or the materials to be processed at the same horizontal height.

Preferably, the placing rack in the blanking area is arranged on another controllable lifting platform, and the other controllable lifting platform enables the placing rack to descend by a corresponding height according to the height difference of the latest empty tray placed in the blanking area or the processed material fully loaded on the tray on the uppermost layer so as to ensure that the processed material or the empty tray is placed at the same horizontal height in the blanking area by the manipulator.

Preferably, a feeding conveyor belt for conveying the tray to the feeding area is arranged at the feeding area and extends towards the outer side of the bed, and/or a discharging conveyor belt for conveying the tray from the discharging area to the outer side of the bed is arranged at the discharging area and extends towards the outer side of the bed.

Preferably, the manipulator is provided with a sucker, the tray is provided with a trough for accommodating materials and a flat surface corresponding to the sucker on the upward surface as a picking position, and the picking position is arranged in the trough or on the upper surface of the partition wall between the troughs.

Preferably, the tray comprises a supporting body with a sheet structure, the front face of the supporting body is recessed downwards to form a trough for containing materials, and corresponding trough bulges are formed on the back face of the supporting body, so that when two identical material carrying trays are stacked and placed in the same direction, the two material carrying trays are nested and stacked, the troughs are arranged on the supporting body in a central symmetry mode, the front face of the supporting body is located at a non-central position and recessed inwards to form sleeve stopping grooves, corresponding sleeve stopping bulges are formed on the back face of the supporting body, the sleeve stopping grooves on one material carrying tray and the sleeve stopping bulges on the other material carrying tray are staggered in a position and are not nested when the two identical material carrying trays are stacked and placed in a 180-degree relative rotation mode, and adjacent material carrying trays are arranged in a staggered mode.

Preferably, the supporting body edge is buckled downwardly extending and is formed the lateral wall supporting seat, the degree of depth and the silo degree of depth of ending the cover groove are less than the lateral wall supporting seat height, end the cover groove and set up more than two and be non-central symmetrical arrangement on the supporting body, end the cover groove setting and form the open outer ending groove cover in top and outside on the lateral wall supporting seat, it is protruding that outer ending cover groove forms corresponding outer ending cover at the lateral wall supporting seat back, the quantity of outer ending cover groove is more than two and stagger the setting in the relative both sides of lateral wall supporting seat non-flushly respectively.

Preferably, a part of one side wall of the material loading groove of the bearing body is recessed inwards to form an inner stop sleeve groove, and the inner stop sleeve groove forms a corresponding inner stop sleeve bulge on the back surface of the bearing body.

Preferably, the processing platform is provided with more than two processing stations arranged side by side, the manipulator is provided with suckers with the same number and spacing as the processing stations, and the number of the material feeding grooves on the tray is an integral multiple of the number of the suckers on the manipulator and is distributed in an array manner.

Preferably, when the distance between the adjacent suckers on the manipulator is integral multiple of the distance between the single row/row of adjacent material grooves, and the distance between the adjacent suckers on the manipulator is 1 time of the distance between the adjacent single row/row of material grooves, the suckers on the manipulator take materials along the single row/row of material grooves in the tray in sequence; when the distance between the adjacent suckers on the manipulator is N times of the distance between the single-row/row adjacent material grooves, the number of the single-row/row material grooves is N times of the number of the suckers, the suckers on the manipulator take materials in the single-row/row material grooves for N times at intervals in the tray, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

Preferably, the bottom surface of silo is provided with antiseized line and outage, and antiseized line and outage avoid picking up the position setting when having set up in the silo and pick up the position.

Preferably, the tray is formed by pvc plastic suction molding.

Preferably, two processing tables on the lathe bed can move in the longitudinal direction respectively, the manipulator can move in the transverse direction, the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction, the number of the processing spindles is more than two, and the number and the interval of the processing stations on each processing table are correspondingly consistent with those of the processing spindles.

Preferably, more than two stacks of stacking trays are placed in the feeding area, each stack of stacking trays contains the same type of materials or different types of materials, and the manipulator correspondingly transfers the more than two stacks of stacking trays in the feeding area to corresponding positions of the discharging area along with the processing procedure.

The invention also provides an automatic feeding and discharging processing method for the processing machine tool using the tray for carrying materials, which is applied to the processing machine tool using the tray for carrying materials and comprises the following steps:

step A: stacking and placing full-load trays for containing materials to be processed in the feeding area, and placing an empty tray in the discharging area;

and B: the manipulator is controlled to convey materials in the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the processing table, the processing spindle processes the materials to be processed into processed materials on the processing table, and the manipulator conveys the processed materials on the processing table to the tray in the discharging area until the tray materials on the uppermost layer in the feeding area are empty;

and C: the manipulator is controlled to be positioned to a picking position of the tray on the uppermost layer, and the empty tray on the uppermost layer of the feeding area is conveyed to the discharging area to be stacked and placed as a tray for containing processed materials;

step D: and returning to the step B until all the materials to be processed in the tray of the feeding area are conveyed to the processing table, processed into processed materials and conveyed into the tray of the discharging area.

Preferably, the step a of stacking and placing full trays for containing the materials to be processed in the loading area and placing an empty tray in the unloading area includes: after an empty tray is placed on a full-load tray for containing materials to be processed, the tray is placed into the feeding area, and then the manipulator is controlled to convey the empty tray in the feeding area to the discharging area.

Preferably, in step D, the last material is carried into the tray of the blanking area by the manipulator, and after all trays and materials are carried out from the blanking area, the manipulator is controlled to carry the last empty tray of the feeding area to the blanking area.

Preferably, after the tray material on the uppermost layer of the loading area in the step B is an empty tray, the step C is performed to control the manipulator to be positioned at the picking position of the tray on the uppermost layer and to carry the empty tray on the uppermost layer of the loading area to the unloading area to be stacked and placed as a tray for containing the processed material, and the step C includes: the manipulator carries the last material to be processed in the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to a processing table, and after the last material to be processed is processed into the processed material on the processing table by a processing main shaft and is carried into the tray for containing the processed material in the blanking area by the manipulator, the manipulator is positioned to the picking position of the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area and carries the empty tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the blanking area to be stacked and placed as the tray for containing the processed material; or after the last material to be processed in the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area is conveyed to the processing table by the mechanical arm, the mechanical arm directly returns to the feeding area to be positioned to the picking position of the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area and conveys the empty tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the discharging area to be stacked and placed as the tray for containing the processed material.

The technical proposal can be seen that, because the invention adopts the technical scheme that the loading area and the unloading area are simply arranged in front of the processing table directly, and the empty trays in the loading area are carried to the unloading area by the mechanical arm for recycling, so that the loading area and the unloading area can obtain more tray stacking spaces under the condition of not changing the machine tool body too much, the space layout is more reasonable, the whole process protection and damage prevention of the loading and unloading of the stacking trays can be further ensured by the loading and unloading modes of the stacking trays, the requirement of the discharging precision of the mechanical arm can be further reduced, all the help to the operation efficiency of the mechanical arm is improved, in addition, the tray with full-load materials in the loading area can be automatically carried to the unloading area as the tray of processed materials after being processed by the optical disk, the same tray can be recycled in the loading area and the unloading area, thereby saving the space for arranging the empty tray recovery area in the area near the machine tool in the prior art, the automation of feeding and discharging is guaranteed, meanwhile, the tray cost is greatly saved, the feeding and discharging efficiency of the whole machining machine tool is greatly improved, and the integration level of automation and intellectualization is greatly improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a machining tool in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a machining tool of embodiment 1 of the present invention, with a housing, a robot, and a machining spindle omitted;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a tray corresponding to a robot in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a tray according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the part A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a structure of the back surface of a tray in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of an automatic loading and unloading processing method for loading material on a pallet used by a processing machine tool in embodiment 2 of the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

the embodiment of the invention provides a machining tool using a tray to carry materials, which is shown in a combined drawing from 1 to 6 and comprises a tool body 1, wherein the tool body can be a marble tool body or a metal tool body, the tool body is a bearing base of the whole machining tool, a machining table 2 is arranged on the tool body 1 and is a place for machining materials, and a machining spindle 3 matched with the machining table 2 is also arranged. The processing station sets up on the processing bench, sets up vacuum adsorption device on the general processing station and guarantees that the material is fixed when adding man-hour, and the processing station still sets positioning fixture and tool setting appearance simultaneously, guarantees the accurate nature of the position of placing of material and the accurate nature of processing main shaft. The machining table 2 is provided with a feeding area 4 and a discharging area 5 in front, the machine tool is further provided with two manipulators 6 for conveying materials between the machining table 2 and the feeding area 4 and the discharging area 5, in this embodiment, the machining tables on the machine bed are two and can move in the longitudinal direction, namely, the double-Y-axis machining tables (the X axis is defined to correspond to the transverse direction of the machine bed, the Y axis is defined to correspond to the longitudinal direction of the machine bed, and the Z axis is defined to correspond to the vertical direction of the machine bed, which is only convenient for a reader to understand the technical scheme), the manipulators can move in the transverse direction, the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction, the number of the machining spindles is more than two, specifically 4, and the machining stations on each machining table in the double machining tables are also 4 and correspond to the number of the machining spindles at the same interval, so that one machining station is provided for each machining spindle when machining on one machining table. In this embodiment, the processing platform is provided with more than two processing stations (specifically, 4) arranged side by side, the manipulator 6 is provided with suckers (4) with the same number and spacing as the processing stations, and the tray feeding grooves 72 are integer multiples of the number of the suckers on the manipulator and distributed in an array manner, so that the manipulator can completely take out the sheet materials.

Stack in material loading district 4 and place tray 7 that is used for holding the material of treating processing, still set up the pick-up position 71 that can be picked up by manipulator 6 on the tray 7, the pick-up position can be a component on the tray, for example to the manipulator of centre gripping type, the border of tray or certain protruding position that can be held on the tray can be seen as the pick-up position, to the manipulator that has the sucking disc, smooth certain surface can regard as the pick-up position on the tray, to the PVC tray of soft material, any position that can the sucking disc hold on the tray can all regard as the pick-up position, the pick-up position can also be the additional piece of additional on the tray, can dismantle, also can be with tray integrated into one piece's component. In the embodiment, the material is a glass screen sheet 9 as an example, the sheet and the sheet material referred to in the following are both materials, and the suction cup 61 is arranged on the manipulator 6 to suck the sheet material. Tray 7 has set up the silo 72 that is used for holding the material on the surface upwards and with the corresponding level and smooth surface of sucking disc 61 is as picking up position 73, picks up the position and sets up in the silo or sets up the upper surface at the silo division wall, selects to set up in the silo in this embodiment and picks up the position, has given full play to the multi-functional of silo, has shared the position, has saved the space, if set up the width that then need consider the division wall at the silo division wall upper surface. When the machining process is carried out, the manipulator 6 carries the materials in the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area 4 to the machining table 2 until the tray on the uppermost layer is an empty tray, the manipulator 6 is positioned to the picking position 71 of the tray on the uppermost layer, and carries the empty tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area 4 to the discharging area 5 to be stacked and placed as a tray for containing the machined materials. Because the loading area is a stacked placing tray, the manipulator can begin to take materials from the tray at the uppermost layer, the tray is provided with a plurality of material grooves which can contain a plurality of sheet materials, only one material is placed in one material groove for better protecting the sheet materials, the manipulator sucks a certain amount of materials to the processing stations of the corresponding processing stations according to the number of the processing stations of a single processing station each time until the materials of the tray at the uppermost layer are irradiated to form an empty tray, then a sucking disc on the manipulator aligns at the picking position of the empty tray at the uppermost layer to take the empty tray from the loading area and carries the empty tray to the unloading area as the empty tray at the uppermost layer to continuously contain the processed materials, the process enables the tray to be changed into the processed material tray at the unloading area from the to-be-processed material tray at the loading area along with the advancing of the processing process, the tray has two purposes and is sequentially utilized, and an area which needs to be intensively stored after the empty tray of the to-be-processed materials is saved, the material tray to be processed is timely shifted into the blanking area to serve as a processed material tray, the structure and the working procedures are perfectly combined, and the feeding and blanking efficiency is greatly improved.

The manipulator carries the material in the tray of the superiors in the material loading district to the processing platform until the tray material of the superiors is empty, and the manipulator is positioned to the picking position of the tray of the superiors in the material loading district and carries the empty tray of the superiors in the material loading district to the material unloading district to pile up and place the mode including two kinds as the tray that is used for holding the processed material. The first mode is as follows: the manipulator carries the last material to be processed in the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the processing table, and after the last material to be processed is processed into the processed material by the processing main shaft on the processing table and is carried into the tray for containing the processed material in the blanking area by the manipulator, the manipulator is positioned to the picking position of the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area and carries the empty tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the blanking area to be stacked and placed as the tray for containing the processed material. The first mode can guarantee that every silo can both be filled with the processing material in the tray in unloading district, fully guarantees the full capacity volume of tray. The second way is: after the last to-be-processed material in the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area is conveyed to the processing table by the mechanical arm, the to-be-processed material is directly returned to the picking position where the feeding area is positioned on the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area, and the empty tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area is conveyed to the discharging area to be stacked and placed as a tray for containing the processed material. The second way is to make the tray at the bottom layer of the blanking area (the first tray placed at the beginning of the blanking area) have a trough empty, but the other layers of trays in the blanking area will still be fully loaded. Therefore, the first mode is preferable in this embodiment.

Feeding area 4 and unloading district 5 transversely set up side by side along the lathe bed in this embodiment, the overall arrangement is simple, machine tool adds man-hour and has coolant liquid and washing liquid to produce, feeding area 3 and unloading district 4 have all set up rack 8, tray 7 is fixed to be placed on rack 8, make the tray can the lifting height, guarantee that the material is similar unsettled state for the lathe bed in the tray, avoid the coolant liquid or the washing liquid of lathe bed to pollute the material, the tray lifting height also can reduce the manipulator stroke simultaneously.

The concrete structure of the placing frame 8 in the embodiment comprises a supporting frame 81 and a bearing plate 82 fixed on the supporting frame, the supporting frame is a stand column, the cost is saved, the fixing is firm, one side of the bearing plate close to a processing table is provided with a rear baffle 83, so as to shield fragments or dirty liquid splashed on the processing table, side baffles 84 arranged on two transverse sides of the bearing plate surround the placing area of a synthetic front side and a top opening and capable of limiting a tray, and a semi-surrounding structure can realize the protection effect and is not influenced by a mechanical arm to take and place materials. The length of the side plates on the two sides is smaller than that of the two sides of the bearing plate, material cost is saved, the side plates on the two sides are inclined downwards along the top edge from back to front to increase the clearance space, operation of a mechanical arm or an operator is facilitated, and procedure interference is reduced.

The material loading district can place the tray that piles up more than two piles, can hold the material of the same type also can hold the material of different grade type in the tray that piles up of every heap to realize the processing of same lathe to the polymorphic type material, the processing performance of lathe has been richened, the manipulator can shift the tray that piles up more than two piles of material loading district to unloading district relevant position along with the manufacturing procedure correspondingly, the position of placing of the tray that piles up of the material of unloading district processed the material promptly and the material of loading district treating processing before is corresponding unanimous. This kind of mode is effectual has solved the problem that is difficult for being carried by operating personnel when a tray holds too much material, has also provided the optimization scheme that same lathe can high-efficiently process the different grade type material simultaneously.

For the convenience of processing, set up on the rack in material loading district and unloading district and be used for detecting the detection device whether the tray has in the detection region (the region that corresponds in material loading district and unloading district correspond promptly), this detection device can adopt proximity switch detecting element, infrared detecting element or grating detecting element, can also be used as simultaneously and detect whether the position that the tray was put is accurate. When detecting that the feeding area has no tray, the machining process can not be started, and when detecting that the blanking area has no tray, the manipulator can not carry the machined material to the blanking area. As an embodiment, after the previous round of processing is completed, when a new round of processing is started, the blanking area detects that no tray exists, the stacked trays are placed by an operator in the loading area, the uppermost layer is an empty tray, the manipulator can directly take the empty tray from the loading area and place the blanking area at the moment, the operator only needs to supply materials to the loading area, and similarly, after the previous round of processing is completed, the system can judge whether the blanking area is fully loaded according to the processing quantity, and then can control a reminding device to remind the operator of taking away the fully loaded tray in the blanking area, so that the new round of processing is entered. For further promoting intelligent automation, extend to the lathe bed outside in material loading district and set up a material loading conveyer belt that is used for carrying the tray to material loading district, operating personnel can put the tray that is fully loaded with the material of treating processing on the conveyer belt outside the lathe bed, can arrange to place the tray that piles up even, can once place the material like this, send into the material loading district processing by material loading conveyer belt in batches, if place an empty dish on the tray that piles up of primary importance, this empty dish just can be put into the unloading district by the manipulator during then initial processing, need not operating personnel to place, reduce artificial intervention. Similarly, a blanking conveying belt used for conveying the trays from the blanking area to the outer side of the bed body is arranged at the blanking area in an extending mode, when the stacking trays in the blanking area are fully loaded, the blanking conveying belt conveys the fully loaded stacking trays to the outer side of the bed body, the part, located on the outer side of the bed body, of the blanking conveying belt can even be used for placing the fully loaded stacking trays in a queue, and an operator can take away the stacking trays on the blanking conveying belt at one time. This enables an operator to operate tens or hundreds of machine tools. The feeding conveyer belt and the blanking conveyer belt can be independently and respectively arranged or can be simultaneously arranged. The lathe bed of machine tool has 11 protections of housing, and conveyer belt department is left empty, and operating personnel is located the housing outside and operates the accident that can reduce operating personnel, reduces operating personnel's safety.

In other embodiments, the rack of the loading area is disposed on a controllable lifting platform, and the controllable lifting platform raises the rack by a corresponding height according to a height difference between the tray at the uppermost layer of the loading area and the empty tray at the uppermost layer of the loading area after all the materials to be processed are taken away or the empty tray at the uppermost layer is taken away, so as to ensure that the manipulator picks up the empty tray or the materials to be processed at the same horizontal height. During initial machining, the controllable lifting platform is located at a low point, and along with continuous machining of materials, the controllable lifting platform assembly is lifted to a high point. Because the sheet material in the trough has certain thickness, the material taking position is at the bottom of the trough, after the sheet material in the tray on the uppermost layer is taken out, the thickness of one sheet material needs to be increased by the controllable lifting platform, so that the material taking position of the empty tray can reach the fixed horizontal height of the manipulator, after the empty tray is taken out, the corresponding height is continuously increased by the controllable lifting platform according to the height difference, so that the sheet material in the tray on the uppermost layer can be absorbed by the manipulator at the fixed height, the arrangement can ensure that the sheet material in the tray on the uppermost layer and the empty tray on the uppermost layer are always kept at the fixed horizontal height, the manipulator takes the material at the same horizontal height, the operation stroke is reduced, the material taking accuracy is ensured, and the material loading efficiency is improved. Of course, the placing rack in the blanking area can be arranged on another controllable lifting platform, and the other controllable lifting platform enables the placing rack to descend by a corresponding height according to the height difference of the latest empty tray placed in the blanking area or the processed tray fully loaded on the uppermost tray so as to ensure that the processed tray or the empty tray is placed at the same horizontal height in the blanking area by the manipulator. The controllable lifting platform of the blanking area is located at a high point in an initial state, and gradually located at a low point along with the gradual processing of the materials. To the structure of elevating platform, can adopt servo motor cooperation lead screw drive assembly and sliding seat, the rack sets up and goes up and down thereupon on the sliding seat, also can adopt other servo motor cooperation belt pulley transmission structure certainly, or other existing transmission structure, and the here is no longer repeated.

In order to promote machining efficiency, the machining table 2 is provided with more than two machining stations which are arranged side by side, the mechanical arm is provided with suckers which are consistent with the machining stations in number and spacing, and the number of the material feeding grooves on the tray is integral multiple of the number of the suckers on the mechanical arm and is distributed in an array manner.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a tray used for the feeding area and the discharging area, which is provided with a supporting body 70 with a sheet structure, wherein the upward surface of the supporting body 70 is also provided with a picking position 71 matched with the automatic picking and placing of a mechanical hand of a processing machine tool, the front surface of the supporting body 70 is downwards recessed to form a trough 72 for containing materials, and a corresponding trough bulge 721 is formed on the back surface of the supporting body, so that when two identical material carrying trays are stacked and placed in the same direction, the two material carrying trays form nested stacking, the outer layer of the lower layer tray, the trough and the outer layer of the upper layer tray are correspondingly nested, the trough 72 is centrally and symmetrically arranged on the supporting body 70, the trough position is still vertically corresponding to the trough in the adjacent tray after the trays rotate 180 degrees, the front surface of the supporting body 70 is positioned at a non-central position and inwards recessed to form a sleeve stopping trough 73, and a corresponding sleeve stopping bulge 731 is formed on the back surface of the supporting body for one carrying when the two identical material carrying trays are stacked and placed by rotating 180 degrees relatively The sleeve stopping groove on the material tray is staggered with the protruding position of the sleeve stopping groove on the other material carrying tray, so that nesting is not generated.

The edge of the supporting body 70 is bent and extends downwards to form the side wall supporting seat 701 in the implementation, the side wall supporting seat can play a supporting role on the one hand, on the other hand, the whole tray forms a back concave large groove structure, the tray can be nested with other trays integrally on the outer layer, the depth of the sleeve stopping groove 73 and the depth of the trough 72 are smaller than the height of the side wall supporting seat 701, the trough is guaranteed to be located at the position between two sides close to the tray in the up-and-down direction, the back of the trough bottom is in a suspension state, protection is formed, and certain materials can be saved.

The sleeve stopping grooves 73 are arranged in a non-centrosymmetric manner on the supporting body 70, so that the sleeve stopping grooves and the sleeve stopping protrusions cannot be overlapped to form nesting after the pallet is arranged in a staggered manner (staggered by 180 degrees). In order to make the tray stacked in the wrong direction as stable as possible, more than two sleeve stopping grooves are distributed on the supporting body in a balanced manner by the balance weight, namely, the tray is uniformly arranged by taking the gravity center of the tray as a reference point, for example, the left side is provided with one sleeve stopping groove, the right side is correspondingly provided with an asymmetric sleeve stopping groove, the positions on the two sides are balanced as possible, and the middle line can be provided with the non-gravity-symmetric sleeve stopping groove. As shown in the figure, the end socket grooves are arranged on the side wall support base to form an outer end socket sleeve 73 with an open top and an open outer side, the outer end socket grooves 73 form corresponding outer end socket protrusions 731 on the back of the side wall support base, the number of the outer end socket grooves 73 is more than two, and the outer end socket grooves are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the side wall support base in a non-flush staggered manner, as shown in the figure, the outer end socket grooves are respectively arranged on two sides by 5, but the end socket grooves on the two sides are not flush and corresponding, although partial overlapping is generated after the staggered rotation, the outer end socket grooves still cannot be completely overlapped and nested.

A part of one side wall of the feeding trough of the bearing body is recessed inwards to form an inner stop sleeve groove 73, and the inner stop sleeve groove forms a corresponding inner stop sleeve projection 731 on the back surface of the bearing body. This kind of structure more is favorable to processing, ends cover groove and silo integrated into one piece, can also be the ventilative structure of silo simultaneously, prevents the sheet stock adhesion in the silo.

In order to further prevent the sheets from sticking in the trough, the bottom surface of the trough 72 is provided with an anti-sticking pattern 74 and a liquid discharge hole 75, the anti-sticking pattern can be a plurality of raised structures or a plurality of recessed structures, in the embodiment, the anti-sticking pattern is a plurality of long-strip-shaped protrusions, and in other embodiments, the anti-sticking pattern can be a plurality of raised blocks or recessed points. The sheet material is enabled to have a gap with the bottom of the trough, adhesion is prevented, the number of the liquid discharge holes is also multiple, air permeability is improved, and once scraps or waste liquid falls into the trough, the scraps or the waste liquid can be discharged through the liquid discharge holes. The antiseized line and outage avoid picking up the position setting when having set up in the silo and pick up the position.

The material loading tray adopts PVC plastic uptake shaping in this embodiment, is favorable to the high efficiency's of tray production and processing, has great practical effect, and the tray adopts PVC plastic uptake shaping, and the front has the recess, and its back corresponds promptly and forms the recess arch, and antiseized line is bellied openly, can form the recess that corresponds promptly at the back, can form ultra-thin slice structure. The material consumption and the cost are reduced to the minimum, but the production efficiency and the productivity can be improved, and the occupied space, especially the occupied height space, can be minimized structurally.

In this embodiment, more than two identical material loading trays can form a special stacking structure, that is, more than two material loading trays are stacked, when the material loading trays are empty, two adjacent material loading trays are nested and stacked in the same direction, and when the material loading trays are loaded, two adjacent material loading trays are relatively rotated by 180 degrees and are not nested and stacked. The tray can be used for not sticking in the process of processing and loading when the tray is stacked in the wrong direction, and can be used for nesting and storing when the tray is stacked in the forward direction (in the same direction), so that the storage space is saved.

When the distance between the adjacent suckers on the manipulator 6 is integral multiple of the distance between the single-row adjacent material grooves, and the distance between the adjacent suckers on the manipulator is 1 time of the distance between the adjacent single-row material grooves, namely the distance between the suckers and the distance between the material grooves are equal, the suckers on the manipulator take materials in sequence along the single-row material grooves in the tray, namely 1234 is taken and 5678 is taken; when the distance between the adjacent suckers on the manipulator is N times of the distance between the adjacent single-row material grooves, the number of the single-row material grooves is N times of the number of the suckers, the suckers on the manipulator take materials for N times at intervals along the single-row material grooves in the tray, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. Taking the example that the distance between the adjacent suckers on the manipulator is 2 times of the distance between the adjacent single-row material grooves, the quantity of the suckers is 4, so that the quantity of the single-row material grooves is 8, the manipulator absorbs 1357 when taking materials in the first row, 2468 is taken when taking materials in the first row for the second time, the materials in the first row are taken for exactly 2 times, and then the second row and the third row are taken. Obviously, if the material is arranged in a row, the material taking by the mechanical hand in the row is the same principle.

This kind of special construction's tray in this embodiment can let machine tool material loading efficiency better, and the tray separation effect is obvious, and is obvious with the manufacturing procedure cooperation effect.

Example 2:

based on the processing machine tool using the tray for loading materials in the embodiment 1, the embodiment provides an automatic loading and unloading processing method using the tray for loading materials for the processing machine tool. As shown in fig. 7. Comprises a loading preparation step 101, a loading and unloading and processing step 102, a tray switching step 103 and a continuous loading and unloading and processing step 104.

101, stacking and placing full-load trays for containing materials to be processed in a loading area, and placing an empty tray in a discharging area. The first method is that an operator puts prepared materials to be processed into a tray, then moves stacked trays into a feeding area of a machine tool, then puts an empty tray into a discharging area, then starts a processing program, and the machine tool starts automatic feeding and discharging processing. The second way is: an operator places an empty tray on a full-load tray for containing materials to be processed and then puts the empty tray into the feeding area, then presses a start button to start the automatic feeding and discharging processing procedure of the machine tool, and the machine tool controls the mechanical arm to carry the empty tray in the feeding area to the discharging area. The second mode can reduce manual intervention, and promote automation and intellectuality.

102, in the loading, unloading and processing step, the manipulator is controlled to convey materials in the tray on the uppermost layer in the loading area to the processing table, the processing spindle processes the materials to be processed into processed materials on the processing table, and the manipulator conveys the processed materials on the processing table to the tray in the unloading area until the tray materials on the uppermost layer in the loading area are empty. At the moment, the formal processing procedure is carried out, the mechanical arm continuously takes materials from the tray in the feeding area and puts the materials on the processing platform to be processed by the processing main shaft, and the empty tray is already placed in the discharging area at the beginning, so the mechanical arm can directly convey the materials on the processing platform to the tray in the discharging area to be stored after the materials are processed by the processing main shaft. The materials in the tray on the uppermost layer of the feeding area can be taken out by taking and placing the materials in a reciprocating way for a plurality of times by the manipulator.

The machining process naturally enters a step 103 of converting the tray, namely, the manipulator is controlled to be positioned to the picking position of the tray on the uppermost layer, and the empty tray on the uppermost layer of the feeding area is conveyed to the discharging area to be stacked and placed as the tray for containing the machined materials. In the step, the function conversion of the same pallet in different areas is realized, and the pallet for the materials to be processed becomes a pallet for the processed materials.

In the step 103 of converting the tray after the tray material on the uppermost layer of the loading area in the loading and unloading and processing step 102 is empty, the tray can be connected through two processes, wherein the first process is as follows: the manipulator carries the last material to be processed in the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the processing table, and after the last material to be processed is processed into the processed material by the processing main shaft on the processing table and is carried into the tray for containing the processed material in the blanking area by the manipulator, the manipulator is positioned to the picking position of the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area and carries the empty tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the blanking area to be stacked and placed as the tray for containing the processed material. The first procedure obviously allows each tray of the blanking zone to be filled with processed material, with greater capacity.

The second process is as follows: after the last to-be-processed material in the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area is conveyed to the processing table by the mechanical arm, the to-be-processed material is directly returned to the picking position where the feeding area is positioned on the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area, and the empty tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area is conveyed to the discharging area to be stacked and placed as a tray for containing the processed material. In the second process, the conversion time is earlier, so that the first tray in the blanking area is filled with one less material, but the other trays are still full. In this embodiment, the first step is preferable for processing.

After the uppermost empty tray in the loading area is conveyed to the unloading area to complete conversion, the machine tool continues normal processing, namely 104 continues loading, unloading and processing steps are carried out, and the materials in all the loading areas are directly processed. And in the step, the last material is conveyed to the tray in the blanking area by the manipulator, and after all trays and materials are conveyed away from the blanking area, the manipulator is controlled to convey the last empty tray in the feeding area to the blanking area. At the moment, the operator can continuously place the stacked trays in the vacant feeding area, but the vacant tray does not need to be placed on the uppermost layer, and because the last vacant tray is already placed in the blanking area in the previous round of processing, the process can be saved, and the processing efficiency is improved.

By adopting the processing method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the processing efficiency can be greatly improved, the processing resources can be saved, the processing cost can be reduced, the manual intervention can be reduced, and the automation intelligent degree can be obviously improved.

The above detailed description is made on the processing machine tool using the tray to carry the material and the automatic feeding and discharging processing method using the tray to carry the material, which are provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and a specific example is applied in the description to explain the principle and the implementation manner of the present invention, and the description of the above embodiment is only used to help understand the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea and method of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. The machining machine tool is characterized by comprising a machine body, a machining table positioned on the machine body, a machining main shaft matched with the machining table, a feeding area used for placing materials to be machined, a discharging area used for placing the machined materials, and a manipulator used for moving between the machining table and the feeding area and the discharging area, wherein the tray used for containing the materials to be machined is stacked in the feeding area, a picking position capable of being picked by the manipulator is further arranged on the tray, the manipulator carries the materials in the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the machining table until the tray on the uppermost layer is empty, the manipulator is positioned at the picking position of the tray on the uppermost layer, and carries the empty tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the discharging area to be stacked and used as the tray used for containing the machined materials.

2. The machine tool using tray loading according to claim 1, wherein the robot moves the material in the uppermost tray in the loading area to the processing station until the uppermost tray is empty, and the robot positions the picking position of the uppermost tray in the loading area and moves the uppermost empty tray in the loading area to the unloading area to stack and place the uppermost tray as a tray for containing the processed material comprises: the manipulator carries the last material to be processed in the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to a processing table, and after the last material to be processed is processed into the processed material on the processing table by a processing main shaft and is carried into the tray for containing the processed material in the blanking area by the manipulator, the manipulator is positioned to the picking position of the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area and carries the empty tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the blanking area to be stacked and placed as the tray for containing the processed material; or after the last material to be processed in the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area is conveyed to the processing table by the mechanical arm, the mechanical arm directly returns to the feeding area to be positioned to the picking position of the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area and conveys the empty tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the discharging area to be stacked and placed as the tray for containing the processed material.

3. The machine tool using the tray for carrying the material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the loading area and the unloading area are arranged side by side along the lateral direction of the bed, both the loading area and the unloading area are provided with a placing rack, and the tray is fixedly placed on the placing rack.

4. A machine tool using a pallet load according to claim 3, characterized in that the rack of the loading area and/or the unloading area is provided with a detecting device for detecting whether there is a pallet in the area.

5. A machine tool for loading material onto a pallet according to claim 3, wherein the rack comprises a support frame and a loading plate fixed to the support frame, a rear baffle is provided on one side of the loading plate adjacent to the machining table, side baffles are provided on both lateral sides of the loading plate, and the side baffles and the rear baffle enclose a placement area which is open at the front side and the top and can define the pallet.

6. The machine tool for loading material onto a pallet as set forth in claim 5, wherein the length of the side plates on both sides is smaller than the length of the side edges of the carrying plate, and the side plates on both sides are inclined downward from the rear to the front along the top edge to increase the clearance space.

7. A machine tool for loading material onto trays as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rack of the loading area is provided on a controllable elevating platform, which elevates the rack by a corresponding height according to the height difference between the top tray of the loading area and the empty tray of the loading area after all the material to be processed is taken away or the empty tray of the top tray is taken away, so as to ensure that the robot arm picks up the empty tray or the material to be processed at the same level.

8. A machine tool according to claim 7, wherein the rack of the blanking area is arranged on another controllable lifting platform, and the other controllable lifting platform lowers the rack by a corresponding height according to the height difference between the latest empty pallet placed in the blanking area and the top pallet fully loaded with the processed material, so as to ensure that the manipulator places the processed material or the empty pallet at the same level in the blanking area.

9. A processing machine tool using a pallet load according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a loading conveyor for conveying the pallet to the loading area is provided extending to the outside of the machine body at the loading area, and/or a unloading conveyor for conveying the pallet from the unloading area to the outside of the machine body is provided extending to the outside of the machine body at the unloading area.

10. A machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a suction cup is provided on the robot, and a trough for receiving the material and a flat surface corresponding to the suction cup are provided on the upward surface of the tray as a pickup position, and the pickup position is provided in the trough or on the upper surface of the partition wall between the troughs.

11. The machine tool for loading material on trays as claimed in claim 10, wherein said trays include a carrier having a sheet structure, the front of the carrier being recessed downwardly to form pockets for receiving material and corresponding pocket protrusions formed on the back of the carrier for forming a nested stack of two trays when the same two trays are stacked in the same orientation, the pockets being centrally symmetrically disposed on the carrier, the front of the carrier being recessed inwardly at a non-central location to form the pocket recesses and corresponding pocket protrusions formed on the back of the carrier for forming the pocket recesses on one tray being offset from the pocket protrusions on the other tray when the same two trays are stacked by 180 degrees relative to each other without nesting, the adjacent material-loading trays being offset.

12. The machine tool for processing material loaded on pallet as claimed in claim 11, wherein the edge of the supporting body is bent to extend downward to form a side wall supporting seat, the depth of the sleeve-stopping groove and the depth of the trough are smaller than the height of the side wall supporting seat, the sleeve-stopping grooves are more than two and are arranged on the supporting body in a non-central symmetrical manner, the sleeve-stopping grooves are arranged on the side wall supporting seat to form an outer sleeve-stopping groove with an open top and an open outer side, the outer sleeve-stopping grooves form corresponding outer sleeve-stopping bulges on the back surface of the side wall supporting seat, and the number of the outer sleeve-stopping grooves is more than two and are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the side wall supporting seat in a non-flush manner.

13. The machine tool of claim 12 wherein a portion of one of the side walls of the trough of the carrier is recessed inwardly to form an inner retainer trough, the inner retainer trough forming a corresponding inner retainer projection on the back of the carrier.

14. The machine tool using the pallet as set forth in claim 10, wherein the machining table has two or more machining stations arranged side by side, the robot has suction cups in accordance with the number and the pitch of the machining stations, and the number of the material loading slots on the pallet is an integral multiple of the number of the suction cups on the robot and is arranged in an array.

15. The machine tool using pallet loading as claimed in claim 14, wherein the distance between adjacent suction cups on the robot is an integral multiple of the distance between adjacent troughs in a single row/column, and when the distance between adjacent suction cups on the robot is 1 times the distance between adjacent troughs in a single row/column, the suction cups on the robot take the material along the single row/column of troughs in the pallet in sequence; when the distance between the adjacent suckers on the manipulator is N times of the distance between the single-row/row adjacent material grooves, the number of the single-row/row material grooves is N times of the number of the suckers, the suckers on the manipulator take materials in the single-row/row material grooves for N times at intervals in the tray, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

16. The machine tool using a pallet load according to claim 10, wherein the bottom surface of the trough is provided with an anti-sticking pattern and a drain hole, and the anti-sticking pattern and the drain hole are arranged away from the pick-up position when the pick-up position is provided in the trough.

17. The machine tool for loading a pallet according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein said pallet is formed by pvc blister molding.

18. The machine tool using the pallet load according to claim 1 or 2, wherein two machining stations are provided on the bed and are movable in the longitudinal direction, respectively, the robot is movable in the lateral direction, the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction, the number of the machining spindles is two or more, and the machining stations on each machining station correspond to the number and the pitch of the machining spindles.

19. The machining tool using tray loading according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the loading area is provided with two or more stacks of stacking trays, each stack of stacking trays is provided with the same type of material or different types of material, and the robot arm correspondingly transfers the two or more stacks of stacking trays in the loading area to corresponding positions in the unloading area along with the machining process.

20. An automatic loading and unloading processing method for a processing machine tool using a tray for loading materials is applied to the processing machine tool using the tray for loading materials in any one of claims 1 to 19, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

21. The automatic loading and unloading processing method for a processing machine tool using a tray loading material according to claim 20, wherein the step of stacking a full tray for containing the material to be processed in the loading area and an empty tray in the unloading area in step a comprises: after an empty tray is placed on a full-load tray for containing materials to be processed, the tray is placed into the feeding area, and then the manipulator is controlled to convey the empty tray in the feeding area to the discharging area.

22. The automatic loading and unloading process using a pallet loading machine according to claim 20 or 21, wherein in step D, the last material is carried into the pallet in the unloading zone by the robot, and after all the pallets and materials are carried out from the unloading zone, the robot is controlled to carry the last empty pallet in the loading zone to the unloading zone.

23. The automatic loading and unloading method for a processing machine tool using a tray loading material according to claim 20, wherein the step C of controlling the robot to position to the picking position of the tray at the uppermost layer and to transfer the tray at the uppermost layer of the loading area to the unloading area to stack and place the tray as a tray for containing the processed material after the tray material at the uppermost layer of the loading area is an empty tray in the step B comprises: the manipulator carries the last material to be processed in the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to a processing table, and after the last material to be processed is processed into the processed material on the processing table by a processing main shaft and is carried into the tray for containing the processed material in the blanking area by the manipulator, the manipulator is positioned to the picking position of the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area and carries the empty tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the blanking area to be stacked and placed as the tray for containing the processed material; or after the last material to be processed in the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area is conveyed to the processing table by the mechanical arm, the mechanical arm directly returns to the feeding area to be positioned to the picking position of the tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area and conveys the empty tray on the uppermost layer in the feeding area to the discharging area to be stacked and placed as the tray for containing the processed material.