CN114271406B - Micro-pellet feed formula for domestication of micropterus salmoides offspring seeds and application thereof - Google Patents
Micro-pellet feed formula for domestication of micropterus salmoides offspring seeds and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 241001125889 Micropterus salmoides Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000239366 Euphausiacea Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940078752 magnesium ascorbyl phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000150 monocalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- HTJNEBVCZXHBNJ-XCTPRCOBSA-H trimagnesium;(2r)-2-[(1s)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-2h-furan-5-one;diphosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O HTJNEBVCZXHBNJ-XCTPRCOBSA-H 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940083466 soybean lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 abstract description 18
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 10
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 10
- 241000218652 Larix Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000005590 Larix decidua Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241001125875 Micropterus Species 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004151 Calcium iodate Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000276618 Perciformes Species 0.000 description 1
- ZNOZWUKQPJXOIG-XSBHQQIPSA-L [(2r,3s,4r,5r,6s)-6-[[(1r,3s,4r,5r,8s)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,6-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl]oxy]-4-[[(1r,3r,4r,5r,8s)-8-[(2s,3r,4r,5r,6r)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-sulfonatooxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2,6-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl]oxy]-5-hydroxy-2-( Chemical group O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](OS([O-])(=O)=O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H]2OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]1[C@H]([C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]3[C@@H]4OC[C@H]3O[C@H](O)[C@@H]4O)[C@@H]1O)OS([O-])(=O)=O)[C@@H]2O ZNOZWUKQPJXOIG-XSBHQQIPSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000037208 balanced nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019046 balanced nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- UHWJJLGTKIWIJO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium iodate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]I(=O)=O.[O-]I(=O)=O UHWJJLGTKIWIJO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019390 calcium iodate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002249 digestive system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000006549 dyspepsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000416 hydrocolloid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036244 malformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a micropellet feed formula for domesticating larch fries, which takes squid powder as a main protein source of feed, optimizes an amino acid mode, promotes the ingestion of young fish and is easy to digest and absorb by the young fish, thereby achieving the purposes of shortening the time for domesticating larch fries and improving the success rate of domesticating the larch fries. The popularization and implementation of the invention greatly improve the feeding-training success rate of the micropterus salmoides, save the cultivation cost and create great economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fish culture, in particular to a feed formula for domesticating micropellet of micropellet, meanwhile, the application of the feed formula in the domestication and feeding of largemouth black bass fries is also related.
Background
The largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), also known as the california bass, belongs to the order of the order Perciformes, the family of the sun-fish (centrerchidae), the genus Micropterus (Micropterus), is native to canada and the united states. The fish is a high-quality freshwater fish in China, has the advantages of strong adaptability, quick growth, easy catching, short cultivation period and the like, is delicious and tender in meat quality, has no intramuscular thorns, is attractive in appearance, and is popular with breeders and consumers.
The fries need to go through a feeding and transferring stage in the period of cultivation, the fries have large specification difference due to inadaptation to artificial feed in the feeding and transferring process, and the fries are self-phase to remain feeding, meanwhile, the fries have high malformation rate due to dyspepsia and slow growth due to incomplete development of the digestive system of the fries when the artificial feed is eaten in early stage.
At present, the feeding-training time of the micropterus salmoides is 15-30 days after the opening of the fries, a large amount of biological baits are needed to be consumed, the fries are easy to be ill, and meanwhile, the raw materials and the proportion of the micro-pellet feed for feeding the micropterus salmoides are similar to those of adult fish feeds, and the pelletization is relatively hard. The application of the feed is not beneficial to the digestion of the largehead jersey, so that the feeding success rate is low, and the growth of the jersey is slow.
Therefore, the invention provides a micropellet feed formula for domesticating micropellet of micropterus salmoides, if the invention is popularized and implemented, the domestication time of micropterus salmoides is greatly advanced, the domestication success rate is improved, the micropellet can grow rapidly, the cultivation cost is saved, and great economic value is created.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a micropellet feed formula for domesticating micropellet of larch fries, which has balanced nutrition components and good palatability, can advance the domestication time of young fries to be 6 days after opening, improves the domestication success rate, enables the fries to grow rapidly, and saves the cultivation cost.
The micropellet feed formula for domesticating micropellet of micropterus salmoides seedlings is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
preferably, the micropellet feed formula for domesticating micropellet of larch fries is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
the additive consists of vitamins and mineral salts.
Wherein the vitamin consists of the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the mineral salt consists of the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the micropellet feed formula for domesticating micropellet of micropellet seedlings of micropellet jersey comprises the following steps:
A. superfine pulverizing all the powder raw materials of fish meal, krill meal, squid meal, alpha-starch, monocalcium phosphate and carboxymethyl cellulose and additives, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve;
B. respectively weighing fish meal, krill meal, squid meal, alpha-starch, monocalcium phosphate, carboxymethyl cellulose and additives, uniformly mixing, and performing secondary superfine grinding to obtain a premix a;
C. adding soybean lecithin, fish oil and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate into the premix a, and uniformly mixing to obtain a premix b;
D. adding 40ml of distilled water into each 10g of premix b, and homogenizing;
E. continuously stirring the feed in a water bath at 80 ℃ and slowly adding carrageenan;
F. freezing in refrigerator for 24 hr, freeze drying, crushing, sieving to obtain 150-350 μm granule, and storing in refrigerator at-20deg.C.
The method is simple and convenient to operate, can ensure the nutrition components and physical properties of the feed, has good food calling effect on the largehead jeep, and has water resistance (1 h).
The invention also provides a method for domesticating the largemouth black bass offspring seeds, which comprises the following steps: and (3) selecting the larch larva with the opening for 6 days, feeding the micropellet feed formula by combining the larch larva with artemia eight times a day, continuously feeding for 10-15 days, and changing the artemia proportion every 3 days until the micropellet feed formula is fed completely.
The method can advance the feeding-training time of the micropterus salmoides fries to 6 days after opening by using a special micro-pellet feed formula, and the conventional method is usually 15-30 days. The advance of the feeding time can save a large amount of biological baits and reduce the prevalence rate of fries.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
the squid meal is used as a main protein source of the feed, so that an amino acid mode is optimized, the ingestion of the young fish is promoted, and the young fish is easy to digest and absorb, thereby achieving the purposes of shortening the food-domesticating time of the larch young fish and improving the food-domesticating success rate of the larch young fish. The feed preparation method of the invention is simple and convenient to operate, can be used for production and processing in any feed processing factories, and can ensure the nutrition components and physical properties of the feed as long as the feed is mixed according to the formula. The produced feed not only has good food calling effect on the largehead jeep, but also has water resistance (1 h). The method is simple and convenient to apply and operate, and the feeding success rate of the largehead jersey (1+/-0.2 mg) on the 6 th day after the opening is obviously improved and the rapid growth is achieved by feeding the micropelled feed in combination with artemia on time and gradually replacing the artemia. If the method is popularized and implemented, the feeding-training success rate of the micropterus salmoides is greatly improved, the cultivation cost is saved, and great economic value is created. The method comprises the following specific points:
(1) The nutrition requirement of the largemouth bass is completely met, the palatability is good, and the digestion utilization rate is high;
(2) Advancing the feeding-training time of the largemouth bass to the 6 th day after opening, and ensuring the growth of the largemouth bass;
(3) The raw materials are stable in source and low in price, and the production process is simple;
(4) The application is simple, the food can be domesticated in a short time, so that the food can absorb nutrition of the feed and grow rapidly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph of weight change in five groups of fish larvae.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the comparison of specific growth rates of squid powder groups and biological bait group fries at different growth stages.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The feed formula for domesticating micropellet of micropterus salmoides seedlings is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
the additive is composed of the following components: vitamin mixtures and mineral mixtures.
Wherein the vitamin mixture consists of the following components:
wherein the mineral salt mixture consists of the following components:
raw material weight (g)
Magnesium sulfate (MgSO) 4 ) 3.0 Potassium chloride (CaCl) 2 ) 5.0
Ferrous sulfate (FeSO) 4 ) 2.9 sodium chloride (NaCl) 2 ) 0.1
Manganese sulfate MnSO 4 0.3 Zinc sulfate (ZnSO) 4 ) 4.1
Cobalt sulfate (CoSO) 4 ) 0.6 copper sulfate (CuSO) 4 ) 0.3
Calcium iodate (Ca (IO) 3 ) 2 ) 0.1
The fish meal is Peruvian fish meal, the crude protein is more than or equal to 60%, and the crude fat is more than or equal to 8%.
The krill powder is prepared by freeze-drying and crushing ice fresh krill, wherein the crude protein is more than or equal to 50%, and the crude fat is more than or equal to 8%.
The squid meal is prepared by freeze-drying and crushing ice fresh squid, wherein the crude protein is more than or equal to 75%, and the crude fat is more than or equal to 3%.
The alpha-Starch is named as alpha-Starch, and the Chinese name is named as pregelatinized Starch; CAS number: 9005-84-9, (C6H 10O 5) n, starch-like white powder, no odor and no smell. Is insoluble in water at normal temperature and forms a colloid liquid with water. Is stable to alkali.
The fish oil is of a deep sea fish oil model, and the acid value is less than or equal to 2.0; the peroxide value is less than or equal to 6.0; the water content is less than or equal to 0.1; impurity is less than or equal to 0.1; the iodine value is more than or equal to 12.0.
The Soybean Lecithin is named as Soybean Lecithin, and the Chinese medicine is named as Soybean yolk essence; CAS number: 8002-43-5 is a by-product of refining soybean oil, and is obtained by solvent extraction, centrifugal separation and alcohol washing.
The Carrageenan is characterized in that the English name is kappa-Carrageenan, and the Chinese alias is Carrageenan; CAS number: 9000-07-1 is a hydrocolloid.
The magnesium ascorbyl phosphate is named Magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, and the Chinese name is magnesium ascorbyl phosphate; CAS number: 113170-55-1 is a white or yellowish powdery substance.
The preparation method of the micro-pellet feed formula comprises the following steps:
A. superfine pulverizing all the powder raw materials of fish meal, krill meal, squid meal, alpha-starch, monocalcium phosphate and carboxymethyl cellulose and additives, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve;
B. respectively weighing fish meal, krill meal, squid meal, alpha-starch, monocalcium phosphate, carboxymethyl cellulose and additives, uniformly mixing, and performing secondary superfine grinding to obtain a premix a;
C. adding soybean lecithin, fish oil and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate into the premix a, and uniformly mixing to obtain a premix b;
D. adding 40ml of distilled water into each 10g of premix b, and homogenizing;
E. continuously stirring the feed in a water bath at 80 ℃ and slowly adding carrageenan;
F. freezing in refrigerator for 24 hr, freeze drying, crushing, sieving to obtain 150-350 μm granule, and storing in refrigerator at-20deg.C.
Example 2
The growth performance and the nutritional composition of the largemouth black bass after being fed with different feed main protein sources are researched.
The experimental fish is a young fish with an average weight of 1mg, and has consistent specification and health. Respectively taking artemia and commercial feed as control groups, taking three different main protein source feeds as experimental groups, 3 repeats each group, and feeding 800 fish in blue heat-preserving barrel with diameter of 140cm and height of 70cm respectively at 0.6m 3 In the cage (100 cm. Times.100 cm. Times.60 cm), the feeding period was 28 days. The water temperature during cultivation is 24+/-0.6 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 6.6+/-0.5 mg/L, and the pH is 7.5+/-0.3. Feeding artemia 5 days before the experiment; feeding the micro-pellet feed and artemia in a combined way for 6-18 days, and changing the proportion of the artemia feed every 3 days until the micro-pellet feed is fed completely; cultivation was continued for 10 days, 8 times daily (8:30, 11:30, 14:30, 17:30, 20:30, 23:30,2:30, 5:30). Sampling after the whole experiment is finished, calculating the survival rate and feed coefficient of the largemouth black bass, and measuring the growth characters and nutritional components of the largemouth black bass.
The survival rate, growth characteristics and feed efficiency of the largemouth black bass after the 28-day cultivation period is shown in table 1. In the four groups of feeds (three groups of experimental groups and commercial feeds), the feed efficiency, the protein efficiency and the specific growth rate of the micro-pellet feed taking squid powder as a main protein source are obviously higher than those of the other three groups. The results show that: the micro-pellet feed taking squid meal as a main protein source is more suitable for larval fish digestion, and has high protein deposition rate and high growth speed.
Table one: growth index
The weight gain of the five groups of fries is shown in figure 1, and the daily specific growth rates of the artemia group and the squid meal group are shown in figure 2. The results show that: compared with other feed groups, the squid meal group fish fries can grow better; the specific growth rate of the artemia group is compared with that of the squid powder group, the specific growth rate of the artemia group is obviously higher than that of the squid powder group in 6-12 days, but the specific growth rate of the squid powder group is obviously higher than that of the artemia group in 23-28 days, which shows that the phenomenon of slow short-term growth of the fries occurs due to inadaptation to the micro-pellet feed in the early stage of feeding, but the micro-pellet feed taking the squid powder as a main protein source can provide better growth for the fries compared with the artemia after the feeding is finished.
Experimental results: compared with other feeds, the micro-pellet feed taking squid meal as a main protein source is easier for the young fish to ingest, absorb and utilize, and obtains better growth performance while advancing the feeding time of the young fish; meanwhile, after the food domestication is finished, the feed can provide better growth for the fries compared with artemia.
Claims (5)
1. The method for domesticating the micropterus salmoides offspring seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting a largehead black weever larva which is 6 days after opening, feeding the largehead weever larva with artemia for eight times a day, continuously feeding for 10-15 days, changing the artemia proportion every 3 days until the largehead weever larva is completely fed with the micro-pellet feed, wherein the micro-pellet feed is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
2. the method for domesticating largemouth bass fries according to claim 1, wherein: the additive consists of vitamins and mineral salts.
3. The method for domesticating largemouth bass fries according to claim 2, wherein the vitamins comprise the following components in parts by weight:
4. the method for domesticating largemouth bass fries according to claim 2, wherein the mineral salt comprises the following components in parts by weight:
5. the method for domesticating micropterus salmoides offspring seeds according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein said method for preparing said micro-pellet feed comprises the steps of:
A. superfine pulverizing all the powder raw materials of fish meal, krill meal, squid meal, alpha-starch, monocalcium phosphate and carboxymethyl cellulose and additives, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve;
B. respectively weighing fish meal, krill meal, squid meal, alpha-starch, monocalcium phosphate, carboxymethyl cellulose and additives, uniformly mixing, and performing secondary superfine grinding to obtain a premix a;
C. adding soybean lecithin, fish oil and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate into the premix a, and uniformly mixing to obtain a premix b;
D. adding 40ml of distilled water into each 10g of premix b, and homogenizing;
E. continuously stirring the feed in a water bath at 80 ℃ and slowly adding carrageenan;
F. freezing in refrigerator for 24 hr, freeze drying, crushing, sieving to obtain 150-350 μm granule, and storing in refrigerator at-20deg.C.
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