CN114230782A - 生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法 - Google Patents
生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114230782A CN114230782A CN202111571104.4A CN202111571104A CN114230782A CN 114230782 A CN114230782 A CN 114230782A CN 202111571104 A CN202111571104 A CN 202111571104A CN 114230782 A CN114230782 A CN 114230782A
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- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JOLVYUIAMRUBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11',12',14',15'-Tetradehydro(Z,Z-)-3-(8-Pentadecenyl)phenol Natural products OC1=CC=CC(CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCC=C)=C1 JOLVYUIAMRUBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YLKVIMNNMLKUGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Delta8-pentadecenylphenol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 YLKVIMNNMLKUGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JOLVYUIAMRUBRK-UTOQUPLUSA-N Cardanol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CC=C)=C1 JOLVYUIAMRUBRK-UTOQUPLUSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FAYVLNWNMNHXGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cardanoldiene Natural products CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 FAYVLNWNMNHXGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- PTFIPECGHSYQNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N cardanol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 PTFIPECGHSYQNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 small molecule amine Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001655736 Catalpa bignonioides Species 0.000 claims description 2
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].COC1=CC=CC(CC(CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002383 tung oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diaminotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1N VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005551 calcium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRMYZIKAHFEUFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury diacetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Hg]OC(C)=O BRMYZIKAHFEUFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003348 petrochemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000037048 polymerization activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CASUWPDYGGAUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;methanol;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+].OC CASUWPDYGGAUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012974 tin catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
- C08G65/2603—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen
- C08G65/2606—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxyl groups
- C08G65/2609—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxyl groups containing aliphatic hydroxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
- C08G65/2603—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen
- C08G65/2606—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxyl groups
- C08G65/2612—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxyl groups containing aromatic or arylaliphatic hydroxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
- C08G65/2603—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen
- C08G65/2615—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen the other compounds containing carboxylic acid, ester or anhydride groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
- C08G65/2618—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing nitrogen
- C08G65/2621—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing nitrogen containing amine groups
- C08G65/2624—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing nitrogen containing amine groups containing aliphatic amine groups
Abstract
本发明属于聚醚多元醇合成技术领域,具体涉及一种生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法。包括以下步骤:以一种或多种不同官能度的生物基起始剂,添加一定比例的木质素盐,一定比例的小分子胺,在碱性催化剂作用下与环氧烷烃进行聚合反应,得到生物基聚醚多元醇产品。本发明使用可再生的生物基起始剂替代石油基起始剂制备聚醚多元醇,原料来源广泛,可以减少对不可再生资源的依赖。木质素盐的加入可以解决生物质聚醚转化率低,分子量分布宽的问题,使得通常纯度不高的生物基起始剂的烷烃聚合转化率得到提升,聚醚多元醇产品的羟值更接近于理论羟值,不饱和值更低,下游产品应用品质更佳。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于聚醚多元醇合成技术领域,具体涉及一种生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法。
背景技术
聚醚多元醇(PPG)和聚合物多元醇(POP)是聚氨酯(PU)工业的重要原料。聚氨酯制品由于其有优良的物理机械性能,易加工性,制品繁多,用途广泛。应用领域涉及汽车、火车、轮船、飞机、航天、家具、家电、建筑、医药卫生、矿山、水力、电力、电子、农业等行业。
通用聚醚多元醇的工业化生产一般以负离子催化开环聚合为主,通常以氢氧化钾(或氢氧化钠)或二甲胺为催化剂,以甘油或蔗糖等小分子多元醇或其它含活泼氢化合物如胺、醇胺为起始剂,以氧化丙烯(环氧丙烷,简称PO)或者氧化丙烯和氧化乙烯(环氧乙烷,简称EO)的混合物为单体,在一定的温度及压力下进行开环聚合,得到粗聚醚多元醇,再经过中和、精制等步骤,制得聚醚多元醇成品。
聚醚多元醇的性能与起始剂关系密切,也与分子中氧化烯烃链长度及排列结构有关。聚醚多元醇的官能度取决于合成时所选择的起始剂的种类及其活泼氢的数目。合成聚醚多元醇的起始剂按活性基团性质区分,主要有含羟基的低分子化合物和含氨基或含羟基、氨基的低分子化合物。最常用的起始剂有乙二醇、丙二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、丙三醇、甘露醇、季戊四醇、双酚A、双酚S、乙二胺、三乙醇胺、三乙烯二胺、甲苯二胺等。为了得到合适的官能度、粘度等性质的聚醚多元醇,也经常会采用混合起始剂生产聚醚。
但上述起始剂的原料大多是日渐稀缺的一次性石化产品,所以近些年,生物基聚醚多元醇成为发展的趋势。生物基聚醚多元醇通常是以生物基起始剂与环氧烯烃进行聚合,这类新的可再生资源的使用在减轻能源压力和保护环境方面来说,都有着很大优势。
但目前生物基聚醚多元醇合成的起始剂,因纯度低、杂质复杂、粘度大等的问题,在进行氧化烯烃加成时的反应活性也不尽相同,引发往往非常困难,引发后又很可能聚合不均,导致合成的聚醚多元醇存在实际羟值较理论羟值明显偏高,不饱和值偏大,分子量分布过宽的问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法,此方法使用可再生的生物基起始剂替代石油基起始剂制备聚醚多元醇,原料来源广泛,可以减少对不可再生资源的依赖;木质素盐的加入可以解决生物质聚醚转化率低,分子量分布宽的问题,使得通常纯度不高的生物基起始剂的烷烃聚合转化率得到提升;聚醚多元醇产品的羟值更接近于理论羟值,不饱和值更低。
本发明所述的生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法,以一种或多种不同官能度的生物基起始剂,添加一定比例的木质素盐,一定比例的小分子胺,在碱性催化剂作用下与环氧烷烃进行聚合反应,得到生物基聚醚多元醇产品。
其中:
生物基起始剂为山梨醇、蓖麻油、大豆油、橄榄油、棕榈油、椰子油、桐油、梓油、木油、亚麻籽油、蔗糖、木糖醇或腰果酚中的一种或多种。
小分子胺为乙二胺、丙二胺、三乙胺、二乙醇胺或二乙烯三胺中的一种或多种。
生物基起始剂与小分子胺的质量比为100:5-100:1。
本发明采用生物基起始剂和小分子胺复配的目的是为提高聚合的活性,同时还起到降粘的作用。
木质素盐为木质素硫酸钠、木质素硫酸钙、木质素磺酸钠或木质素磺酸钙中的一种或多种。
木质素盐占生物基聚醚多元醇产品质量的0.4-5%,优选为2-4%。
碱性催化剂为KOH体系,优选为KOH或NaOH中的一种。
碱性催化剂的用量为总投料质量的0.1-0.6%,优选0.2-0.4%。
环氧烷烃为环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷中的一种或两种,两者可单独使用,也可混加或封端。混合起始剂与环氧烷烃的质量比为1:2-1:50,混合起始剂是指生物基起始剂和小分子胺。
优选地,本发明所述的生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将生物基起始剂、小分子胺、木质素盐加入高压反应釜中搅拌均匀,氮气置换2-3次使釜内氧含量小于50ppm,然后在温度100-130℃,加入环氧烷烃进行聚合反应,控制压力0.1-0.4MPa,温度100-130℃,反应完毕后继续内压反应2-3h,然后抽真空0.5-1h脱去未反应的环氧烷烃单体和小分子副产物,得到粗制聚醚多元醇,然后加入磷酸和水,用硅酸镁吸附结晶钾离子,减压脱水后再经过滤,得到生物基聚醚多元醇产品。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
(1)本发明所述的生物基聚醚多元醇,生物基起始剂原料来源广泛,可以减少对不可再生资源的依赖,在减轻能源压力和保护环境方面来说,都有着很大优势。
(2)木质素盐的加入可以解决生物质聚醚转化率低,分子量分布宽的问题,使得通常纯度不高的生物基起始剂的烷烃聚合转化率得到提升,聚醚多元醇产品的羟值更接近于理论羟值,不饱和值更低。将本发明所述的生物基聚醚多元醇,用于制备聚氨酯泡沫时,可以显著提高聚氨酯泡沫的硬度、强度等力学性能,而且制品具有良好的生物降解性。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
所述方法如无特别说明均为常规方法。
所述原材料如无特别说明均能从公开商业途径而得。
实施例1
向5L不锈钢反应釜中加入山梨醇270份、乙二胺10份、木质素硫酸钠60份、氢氧化钾3.5份,温度≤40℃;反应釜开启搅拌,氮气置换3次,抽真空,升温至110℃,通过储罐加入环氧丙烷2600份,8h加完,控制压力≤0.4MPa,温度115±2℃,再内压反应2h,得到粗制聚醚多元醇;反应结束后,加入磷酸和水,再用硅酸镁吸附结晶钾离子,减压脱水后再经过滤得到生物基聚醚多元醇产品。
实施例2
向5L不锈钢反应釜中加入腰果酚370份、三乙胺10份、木质素磺酸钙20份、氢氧化钾9份,温度≤40℃;反应釜开启搅拌,氮气置换3次,抽真空,升温至110℃,通过储罐加入环氧丙烷600份和环氧乙烷400份,5h加完,控制压力≤0.4MPa,温度125±2℃,再通过储罐加入环氧乙烷250份,3h加完,控制压力≤0.4MPa,温度130±2℃,再内压反应2h,得到粗制聚醚多元醇;反应结束后,加入磷酸和水,再用硅酸镁吸附结晶钾离子,减压脱水后再经过滤得到生物基聚醚多元醇产品。
实施例3
向5L不锈钢反应釜中加入蓖麻油250份、大豆油100份、二乙醇胺5份、木质素硫酸钠10份、氢氧化钠9份,温度≤40℃;反应釜开启搅拌,氮气置换3次,抽真空,升温至110℃,通过储罐加入环氧丙烷2000份,8h加完,控制压力≤0.4MPa,温度115±2℃,再内压反应2h,得到粗制聚醚多元醇;反应结束后,加入磷酸和水,再用硅酸镁吸附结晶钾离子,减压脱水后再经过滤得到生物基聚醚多元醇产品。
对比例1
向5L不锈钢反应釜中加入山梨醇270份、乙二胺10份、氢氧化钾3.5份,温度≤40℃;反应釜开启搅拌,氮气置换3次,抽真空,升温至110℃,通过储罐加入环氧丙烷2600份,10h加完,控制压力≤0.4MPa,温度115±2℃,再内压反应2h,得到粗制聚醚多元醇;反应结束后,加入磷酸和水,再用硅酸镁吸附结晶钾离子,减压脱水后再经过滤得到生物基聚醚多元醇产品。
对比例2
向5L不锈钢反应釜中加入腰果酚370份、三乙胺10份、氢氧化钾9份,温度≤40℃;反应釜开启搅拌,氮气置换3次,抽真空,升温至110℃,通过储罐加入环氧丙烷600份和环氧乙烷400份,6h加完,控制压力≤0.4MPa,温度125±2℃,再通过储罐加入环氧乙烷250份,4h加完,控制压力≤0.4MPa,温度130±2℃,再内压反应2h,得到粗制聚醚多元醇;反应结束后,加入磷酸和水,再用硅酸镁吸附结晶钾离子,减压脱水后再经过滤得到生物基聚醚多元醇产品。
对比例3
向5L不锈钢反应釜中加入蓖麻油250份、大豆油100份、二乙醇胺5份、氢氧化钠9份,温度≤40℃;反应釜开启搅拌,氮气置换3次,抽真空,升温至110℃,通过储罐加入环氧丙烷2000份,8h加完,控制压力≤0.4MPa,温度115±2℃,再内压反应2h,得到粗制聚醚多元醇;反应结束后,加入磷酸和水,再用硅酸镁吸附结晶钾离子,减压脱水后再经过滤得到生物基聚醚多元醇产品。
性能测试:
将实施例1-3和对比例1-3制备的聚醚多元醇产品进行指标测试,重点测试指标见表1。
表1测试结果
羟值测试方法:GB/T 12008.3-2009;不饱和值根据不饱和键与乙酸汞作用,再将游离的乙酸用氢氧化钾-甲醇溶液滴定的原理进行测定。D值为GPC法测定分子量分布中的一项表示分子量分布宽度的参数,称为分子量分布指数。D=Mw/Mn。
通过表1可以看出:实施例中产品的实际羟值相比较对比例均要更接近于理论羟值,不饱和值更低,分子量分布更窄。
将实施例1-3和对比例1-3制备的聚醚多元醇产品进行聚氨酯泡沫制备并进行应用性能测试,重点测试指标见表2,泡沫制备配方见表3。
表2应用性能测试结果
性能指标 | 实施例1 | 对比例1 | 实施例2 | 对比例2 | 实施例3 | 对比例3 |
密度 | 49.75 | 49.75 | 31.50 | 31.60 | 62.92 | 62.88 |
硬度HSA | 45 | 40 | 29 | 25 | 66 | 60 |
拉伸强度/kPa | 84.37 | 79.42 | 106.61 | 100.53 | 64.78 | 60.03 |
压陷比 | 3.44 | 3.24 | 3.75 | 3.38 | 2.97 | 2.60 |
硬度为邵氏硬度计检测;拉伸强度为万能试验机检测;压陷比为海绵压陷测试仪检测。
表3
物料 | 用量/g |
生物基聚醚 | 440 |
接枝聚醚HPOP40 | 570 |
水 | 14 |
硅油Y-10366 | 7.5 |
胺类催化剂A-33 | 1.4 |
锡类催化剂T-9 | 0.6 |
交联剂DEOA | 12 |
TDI-80 | 354.2 |
通过表2可以看出:实施例中产品所制备的聚氨酯泡沫的硬度、强度等力学性能相比较对比例均有提高。
当然,上述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例,不能被认为用于限定对本发明的实施例范围。本发明也并不仅限于上述举例,本技术领域的普通技术人员在本发明的实质范围内所做出的均等变化与改进等,均应归属于本发明的专利涵盖范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:以一种或多种不同官能度的生物基起始剂,添加一定比例的木质素盐,一定比例的小分子胺,在碱性催化剂作用下与环氧烷烃进行聚合反应,得到生物基聚醚多元醇产品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:生物基起始剂为山梨醇、蓖麻油、大豆油、橄榄油、棕榈油、椰子油、桐油、梓油、木油、亚麻籽油、蔗糖、木糖醇或腰果酚中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:小分子胺为乙二胺、丙二胺、三乙胺、二乙醇胺或二乙烯三胺中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:生物基起始剂与小分子胺的质量比为100:5-100:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:木质素盐为木质素硫酸钠、木质素硫酸钙、木质素磺酸钠或木质素磺酸钙中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:木质素盐占生物基聚醚多元醇产品质量的0.4-5%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:碱性催化剂为KOH或NaOH中的一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:碱性催化剂的用量为总投料质量的0.1-0.6%。
9.根据权利要求1所述的生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:环氧烷烃为环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷中的一种或两种,混合起始剂与环氧烷烃的质量比为1:2-1:50,混合起始剂是指生物基起始剂和小分子胺。
10.根据权利要求1所述的生物基聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
将生物基起始剂、小分子胺、木质素盐加入高压反应釜中搅拌均匀,氮气置换使釜内氧含量小于50ppm,然后在温度100-130℃,加入环氧烷烃进行聚合反应,控制压力0.1-0.4MPa,温度100-130℃,反应完毕后继续内压反应2-3h,然后抽真空0.5-1h,脱去未反应的环氧烷烃单体和小分子副产物,得到粗制聚醚多元醇,然后加入磷酸和水,用硅酸镁吸附结晶钾离子,减压脱水后再经过滤,得到生物基聚醚多元醇产品。
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