CN114226974A - Laser penetration welding galvanized sheet equipment and welding method - Google Patents
Laser penetration welding galvanized sheet equipment and welding method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114226974A CN114226974A CN202111637140.6A CN202111637140A CN114226974A CN 114226974 A CN114226974 A CN 114226974A CN 202111637140 A CN202111637140 A CN 202111637140A CN 114226974 A CN114226974 A CN 114226974A
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- galvanized
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- laser penetration
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical group [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/082—Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0408—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work for planar work
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for laser penetration welding of galvanized plates, which comprises an electric control cabinet, wherein a workbench is arranged on the electric control cabinet, a servo module is arranged on the workbench, a vibrating lens is arranged on the servo module, a pressing fixture is arranged on the workbench and comprises a bottom plate fixedly connected to the workbench, a pressing plate is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the bottom plate, an air pipe connector is arranged on the side edge of the bottom plate, and an air blowing groove is formed in the upper end surface of the bottom plate. The invention adopts two-step welding, has the effect of welding after preheating, and avoids the crack tendency caused by uneven shrinkage of welding seam cooling after welding due to too large temperature difference of base metal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to equipment and a method for laser penetration welding of a galvanized plate.
Background
Compared with stainless steel, the galvanized sheet has the same corrosion resistance, and the galvanized sheet has the characteristics of high strength, high hardness and easiness in cutting and processing due to the fact that most of the internal materials are carbon steel, and the galvanized sheet is applied to the automobile industry, particularly the heavy-duty transport vehicle field on a large scale. However, in terms of the welding performance of the material, the main components of the galvanized sheet have two components of Zn and Fe, and elements such as S, P, Si, Mn, H and the like also exist, so that a large amount of splashing can be generated in the welding process, air holes are mixed in a welding seam, cracks cannot be completely avoided after welding, and the welding cracks are not only a huge welding defect, but also bring about potential safety hazards. The thickness of the galvanized sheet below 3mm is mostly galvanized before welding, the thickness of the galvanized sheet above 3mm is mostly galvanized after welding, and the environments described herein are all galvanized before welding. Because the arc welding seam is wider, the heat affected zone is larger, the thermal deformation is larger, the zinc layer can be damaged on a large scale by the arc welding galvanized plate, and the existence of cracks can directly relate to whether the welding component is qualified or not. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new welding method to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem of providing the equipment and the method for laser penetration welding of the galvanized plate, which have the advantages of high welding speed, small welding heat affected zone, small deformation after welding, welding quality guarantee and bright and flat welding surface.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a laser pierces through welding galvanized sheet equipment, includes automatically controlled cabinet, automatically controlled cashier's office in a shop is provided with the workstation, be provided with servo module on the workstation, be provided with the camera lens that shakes on the servo module, be provided with the pressfitting tool on the workstation, the pressfitting tool includes the bottom plate of fixed connection on the workstation, fixedly connected with compressed particleboard on the up end of bottom plate, be provided with the air pipe connector on the side of bottom plate, be provided with the gas blow groove on the up end of bottom plate, laser pierces through welding galvanized sheet's equipment still includes the laser instrument system of being connected with the camera lens that shakes, servo module and the camera lens that shakes respectively with automatically controlled cabinet electrical connection.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the pressing jig is made of red copper.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the laser is anti high laser that reflects, the optic fibre core footpath of laser is 50 um.
A welding method for laser penetration welding of a galvanized plate comprises the following steps:
horizontally placing one piece of A4 paper between two galvanized plates, placing the galvanized plates according to the position requirement, and fixing the galvanized plates by using a pressing jig; guiding the welding pattern into welding software of an electric control cabinet, placing a pressing jig which clamps the galvanized plate on a workbench, and fixing the pressing jig at a fixed position below the vibrating lens; wiping the to-be-welded part of the galvanized plate clean and air-drying; setting slow descending on welding software of an electric control cabinet, reserving a slow descending power ending with the length of 5mm in linear welding, and reserving a slow descending power ending with the angle of 30 degrees in arc welding; the gas blowing groove blows protective gas at the bottom of the galvanized plate, the vibration lens completes surface preheating of the part to be welded at low power output of 300-.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the interval between the low power welding and the high power welding is 200-500 ms.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the swing width of the light beam in the vibration lens is 0.8-1.2mm, and the swing frequency of the light beam is 90-150 Hz.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the welding speed of the vibration lens is 40 mm/s.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the protective gas blown from the gas blowing groove at the bottom of the galvanized plate is argon.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the flow rate of the argon is 15L/min, and the purity is more than 99.95%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts two-step welding, has the effect of welding after preheating, and avoids the crack tendency caused by uneven shrinkage of welding seam cooling after welding due to too large temperature difference of parent metal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a laser penetration welding apparatus for galvanized sheet;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the pressing fixture;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the pressing fixture;
labeled as: 11. a base plate; 12. pressing the plywood; 13. a gas pipe joint; 14. an air blowing groove; 23. an electric control cabinet; 24. a work table; 25, a vibrating lens; 26. a servo module.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for laser penetration welding of a galvanized sheet, the device for laser penetration welding of a galvanized sheet includes an electric control cabinet 23, a workbench 24 is arranged on the electric control cabinet 23, a servo module 26 is arranged on the workbench 24, and the servo module 26 drives a laser to move back and forth, left and right, and up and down.
The servo module 26 is provided with a vibration lens 25, a light path in the vibration lens 25 swings, a circle is drawn at a high speed in the process of starting swing welding, light beams are spirally propelled, welding seams are uniformly melted, and meanwhile, air holes in a part of a molten pool can be eliminated. The position does not need to be moved in the welding process of the vibration lens 25, the operation is smooth, the interference of external factors is not easy to happen, meanwhile, the swing type welding can effectively reduce welding defects, and welding quality is improved.
Be provided with the pressfitting tool on the workstation 24, the pressfitting tool includes bottom plate 11 of fixed connection on workstation 24, fixedly connected with compressed particleboard 12 on the up end of bottom plate 11, bottom plate 11 and compressed particleboard 12 pass through bolt locking to it is fixed with the both ends of galvanized sheet.
The side edge of the bottom plate 11 is provided with a gas pipe joint 13, the upper end face of the bottom plate 11 is provided with a gas blowing groove 14, and protective gas is blown in the gas blowing groove 14, so that the back of a welding seam is prevented from being oxidized too early, and the single-side welding and double-side forming are ensured.
The equipment for laser penetration welding of the galvanized sheet further comprises a laser system connected with the vibration lens, the servo module 26 and the vibration lens 25 are respectively and electrically connected with an electric control cabinet, the electric control cabinet is used for controlling the equipment for laser penetration welding of the galvanized sheet, and the electric control cabinet comprises a controller and a display panel.
On the basis, the pressing jig is made of red copper, so that laser reflection light burning is avoided, and the pressing jig is durable.
On the basis, the laser is anti high laser that reflects, the optic fibre core footpath of laser is 50um, and laser penetration is strong, anti high reflection, is fit for carrying out galvanized sheet welding operation for a long time.
A welding method for laser penetration welding of a galvanized plate comprises the following steps:
horizontally placing one piece of A4 paper between two galvanized plates, placing the galvanized plates according to the position requirement, and fixing the galvanized plates by using a pressing jig; guiding the welding pattern into welding software of an electric control cabinet, placing a pressing jig with the clamped galvanized plate on a workbench 24, and fixing the pressing jig at a fixed position below a vibrating lens 25; wiping the to-be-welded part of the galvanized plate clean and air-drying; setting slow descending on welding software of an electric control cabinet, reserving a slow descending power ending with the length of 5mm in linear welding, and reserving a slow descending power ending with the angle of 30 degrees in arc welding; the gas blowing groove 14 blows protective gas at the bottom of the galvanized plate, the vibration lens 25 completes surface preheating of the part to be welded at low power output of 300-.
The reason for placing a piece of A4 paper between two galvanized sheets is that the addition of A4 paper has no negative effect on welding quality, the thickness is thin, materials are easy to obtain, and an air dispersing channel is added on the premise of ensuring tight fit welding, so that hydrogen in a welding pool can be timely discharged, and hydrogen holes in a welding line are avoided.
Before the vibrating lens 25 performs swing welding on the galvanized plate, the surface of the part to be welded is wiped with oil stain and dust by using alcohol and dust-free cloth, so that the surface of the galvanized plate is free from obvious dirt, a good condition before welding is provided, and welding air holes and splashing caused by the dirt on the surface are avoided.
The 5mm length of the arc welding is reserved for the slow descending power ending, the 30-degree angle of the arc welding is reserved for the slow descending power ending, and the reason is as follows: the welding power at the welding ending part is slowly reduced to 0W, so that the arc crater at the welding ending part is avoided, and the crack of the welding seam arc crater is avoided.
The welding method comprises two steps of welding, wherein the first step is low-power output welding, and the second step is high-power output welding because the effect of welding after preheating is achieved through step-by-step welding, the crack tendency caused by uneven shrinkage of welded welding seams due to too large temperature difference of base materials is avoided, the heat affected zone and the heat deformation can be greatly reduced on the premise of guaranteeing the weld penetration, and the weld quality is improved.
On the basis of the above, the interval time between the low-power welding and the high-power welding is 200-500 ms.
On the basis, the swing width of the light beam in the vibration lens 25 is 0.8-1.2mm, and the swing frequency of the light beam is 90-150 Hz.
On the basis, the welding speed of the vibrating lens 25 is 40 mm/s.
On the basis, the protective gas blown by the gas blowing groove 14 at the bottom of the galvanized sheet is argon.
On the basis, the flow rate of the argon is 15L/min, and the purity is more than 99.95%.
The first embodiment is as follows:
horizontally placing one piece of A4 paper between two galvanized plates, placing the galvanized plates according to the position requirement, and fixing the galvanized plates by using a pressing jig; guiding the welding pattern into welding software of an electric control cabinet, placing a pressing jig with the clamped galvanized plate on a workbench 24, and fixing the pressing jig at a fixed position below a vibrating lens 25; wiping the to-be-welded part of the galvanized plate clean by using alcohol and dust-free cloth, and air-drying; setting slow descending on an electric control cabinet, reserving slow descending power ending with the length of 5mm for linear welding, blowing protective gas from a gas blowing groove 14 at the bottom of a galvanized plate, preheating the surface of a part to be welded by using a vibrating lens 25 with low power output of 400W, performing deep fusion welding of the part to be welded with high power output of 2100W, wherein the interval time between two welding steps is 300ms, the swing width of a light beam in the vibrating lens 25 is 1.0mm, the swing frequency of the light beam is 120Hz, and the welding speed is 40 mm/s.
Example two:
horizontally placing one piece of A4 paper between two galvanized plates, placing the galvanized plates according to the position requirement, and fixing the galvanized plates by using a pressing jig; guiding the welding pattern into welding software of an electric control cabinet, placing a pressing jig with the clamped galvanized plate on a workbench 24, and fixing the pressing jig at a fixed position below a vibrating lens 25; wiping the to-be-welded part of the galvanized plate clean by using alcohol and dust-free cloth, and air-drying; the slow descending is arranged on an electric control cabinet, the circular shape is reserved with an angle of 30 degrees and is subjected to slow descending ending, the gas blowing groove 14 blows protective gas at the bottom of a galvanized plate, the vibration lens 25 completes surface preheating of a part to be welded at low power output of 500W, deep fusion welding of the part to be welded is completed at high power output of 2500W, the interval time of two-step welding is 300ms, the swing width of a light beam in the vibration lens 25 is 1.2mm, the swing frequency of the light beam is 150Hz, and the welding speed is 40 mm/s.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a laser penetration welding galvanized sheet equipment, includes automatically controlled cabinet (23), be provided with workstation (24) on automatically controlled cabinet (23), be provided with servo module (26) on workstation (24), its characterized in that: be provided with lens (25) that shakes on servo module (26), be provided with the pressfitting tool on workstation (24), the pressfitting tool includes bottom plate (11) of fixed connection on workstation (24), fixedly connected with pressfitting board (12) on the up end of bottom plate (11), the side of bottom plate (11) is provided with air pipe connector (13), be provided with gas blow groove (14) on the up end of bottom plate (11), the equipment that the laser pierces through the welding galvanized sheet still includes the laser instrument system of being connected with the lens that shakes, servo module (26) and lens (25) that shakes are connected with automatically controlled cabinet electrical connection respectively.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 for laser penetration welding galvanized sheet, wherein: the pressing jig is made of red copper.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 for laser penetration welding galvanized sheet, wherein: the laser is anti high laser that reflects, the optic fibre core footpath of laser is 50 um.
4. A welding method for laser penetration welding of a galvanized plate is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
horizontally placing one piece of A4 paper between two galvanized plates, placing the galvanized plates according to the position requirement, and fixing the galvanized plates by using a pressing jig; guiding the welding pattern into welding software of an electric control cabinet, placing a pressing jig with the clamped galvanized plate on a workbench (24), and fixing the pressing jig at a fixed position below a vibrating lens (25); wiping the to-be-welded part of the galvanized plate clean and air-drying; setting slow descending on welding software of an electric control cabinet, reserving a slow descending power ending with the length of 5mm in linear welding, and reserving a slow descending power ending with the angle of 30 degrees in arc welding; the gas blowing groove (14) blows protective gas at the bottom of the galvanized plate, the vibration lens (25) completes surface preheating of the part to be welded at low power output of 300-.
5. A welding method for laser penetration welding of galvanized sheets according to claim 4, characterized in that: the interval between the low power welding and the high power welding is 200-500 ms.
6. A welding method for laser penetration welding of galvanized sheets according to claim 4, characterized in that: the swing width of the light beam in the vibration lens (25) is 0.8-1.2mm, and the swing frequency of the light beam is 90-150 Hz.
7. A welding method for laser penetration welding of galvanized sheets according to claim 4, characterized in that: the welding speed of the vibration lens (25) is 40 mm/s.
8. A welding method for laser penetration welding of galvanized sheets according to claim 4, characterized in that: the protective gas blown from the gas blowing groove (14) at the bottom of the galvanized sheet is argon.
9. A welding method for laser penetration welding of galvanized sheets according to claim 4, characterized in that: the flow rate of the argon is 15L/min, and the purity is more than 99.95%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111637140.6A CN114226974A (en) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | Laser penetration welding galvanized sheet equipment and welding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111637140.6A CN114226974A (en) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | Laser penetration welding galvanized sheet equipment and welding method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114226974A true CN114226974A (en) | 2022-03-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111637140.6A Pending CN114226974A (en) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | Laser penetration welding galvanized sheet equipment and welding method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN114226974A (en) |
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| CN106862766A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-06-20 | 温州大学 | A kind of galvanized sheet laser welding apparatus and its technique |
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- 2021-12-29 CN CN202111637140.6A patent/CN114226974A/en active Pending
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