CN112775549A - Laser welding device and welding method thereof - Google Patents
Laser welding device and welding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112775549A CN112775549A CN202110134350.7A CN202110134350A CN112775549A CN 112775549 A CN112775549 A CN 112775549A CN 202110134350 A CN202110134350 A CN 202110134350A CN 112775549 A CN112775549 A CN 112775549A
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- laser
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and particularly relates to a laser welding device and a welding method thereof, wherein the laser welding device comprises a laser, a laser vibration lens, a welding platform and a tool, the tool is arranged at the top end of the welding platform, a workpiece is clamped in the tool, the laser vibration lens is arranged on one side of the laser, the laser comprises a light source and an optical fiber cable, the light source is connected with the laser vibration lens through the optical fiber cable, and the welding platform is an xyz triaxial module motion platform; the laser is adopted to stir the molten pool, so that the problem of welding gaps caused by arc starting and arc closing welding shrinkage due to overlarge heat is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and particularly relates to a laser welding device and a welding method thereof.
Background
Laser welding is an efficient precision welding method using a laser beam with high energy density as a heat source. Laser welding is one of the important aspects of the application of laser material processing techniques. The 20 th century and the 70 th century are mainly used for welding thin-wall materials and low-speed welding, and the welding process belongs to a heat conduction type, namely, the surface of a workpiece is heated by laser radiation, the surface heat is diffused inwards through heat conduction, and the workpiece is melted to form a specific molten pool by controlling parameters such as the width, the energy, the peak power, the repetition frequency and the like of laser pulses. Due to the unique advantages, the welding method is successfully applied to the precise welding of micro and small parts. However, when the existing laser welding device is actually used, the quality of a welding workpiece in a laser welding process is always influenced by welding gaps caused by arc starting and arc closing welding shrinkage due to overlarge heat.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a laser welding apparatus and a welding method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the problems set forth in the background art described above. The invention provides a laser welding device and a welding method thereof, which have the characteristics of small heat input, energy impact reduction and small heat shrinkage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a laser welding device includes laser instrument, laser shake camera lens, welded platform and frock, welded platform's top is provided with the frock, the centre gripping has the work piece in the frock, one side of laser instrument is provided with the laser shakes the camera lens, the laser instrument includes light source, fiber optic cable, wherein, the light source passes through fiber optic cable with the laser shakes the camera lens and is connected, welded platform is xyz triaxial module motion platform.
Preferably, the laser vibration lens includes a first lens group connected to the optical fiber cable, one side of the first lens group is provided with a reflector group, a second lens group is arranged below the reflector group, and the workpiece is arranged below the second lens group and at the top end of the welding platform.
Preferably, in the laser welding apparatus according to the present invention, the mirror group is composed of a plurality of mirrors, and the mirrors are driven by scanning motors and are rotatable.
Preferably, the tool comprises pressing plates symmetrically arranged at the top end of the welding platform, mounting plates are symmetrically arranged on one sides of the pressing plates, and the mounting plates and the pressing plates as well as the mounting plates and the top end of the welding platform are fixed through bolts.
In a preferred embodiment of the laser welding apparatus of the present invention, the light source may be any one of a carbon dioxide gas laser, a YAG laser, and a fiber laser.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a welding method of a laser welding apparatus, the method including the steps of:
s1: firstly, a workpiece is arranged on a welding platform through a tool;
s2: butt-jointing the workpieces to be welded according to welding technical parameters;
s3: cleaning a welding seam;
s4: offline teaching is performed in advance in an XYZ three-axis module motion platform through a welding platform, and a welding track is determined;
s5: and carrying out laser welding on the workpiece.
Preferably, in the welding method of the laser welding apparatus according to the present invention, the step of determining the welding trajectory by offline teaching in advance on the XYZ stage movement system through the welding stage in S4 further includes:
a plurality of scanning tracks of a concentric circle shape with the central part of the bonding area as the center are preset;
changing the track scanned by the laser from the annular scanning track at the front side to the annular scanning track at the rear side in sequence;
and determining the information of the laser vibration lens moving towards the position of the welding object, scanning the track, and editing laser emergent light control parameters in laser control software.
Preferably, the welding method of the laser welding apparatus according to the present invention further includes, in S5, the step of laser welding the workpiece:
driving a scanning motor according to track information edited in laser control software;
the scanning motor drives the reflector group to rotate, so that the laser beam moves according to the welding track;
the laser oscillating lens irradiates laser to the welding seam of the welding object to perform laser welding.
As an optimization of the welding method of the laser welding device, the moving speed of the laser vibration lens is 5-60mm/s when the laser vibration lens is used for welding a workpiece, the size of a light spot is 14-30um, and the distance focus is-2 mm.
Preferably, in the welding method of the laser welding apparatus of the present invention, the power of the laser oscillating lens is 80 to 120W and the frequency is 1000Hz when the laser oscillating lens is used for welding a workpiece.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the laser vibrating lens is used for drawing a circle and stirring a welding mode to weld a workpiece, so that heat input can be effectively reduced, energy impact is reduced, meanwhile, the heat shrinkage is small, a vibrating mirror is used for drawing a circle and stirring a welding pool in a welding mode, the welding quality is enhanced, heat is uniformly distributed, heat shrinkage is reduced, and the problem of welding gaps caused by arc starting and arc closing welding shrinkage due to overlarge heat is avoided by adopting the laser to stir the welding pool.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the tooling of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is one of the schematic diagrams of the welding of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic view of the welding of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a laser; 2. a laser vibrating lens; 201. a first lens group; 202. a reflector group; 203. a second lens group; 204. a scan motor; 3. welding a platform; 4. assembling; 401. pressing a plate; 402. mounting a plate; 5. a workpiece; 6. a light source; 7. an optical fiber cable.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, a laser welding device includes laser 1, laser shake lens 2, welded platform 3 and frock 4, welded platform 3's top is provided with frock 4, centre gripping has work piece 5 in the frock 4, one side of laser 1 is provided with laser shake lens 2, laser 1 includes light source 6, optical fiber cable 7, wherein, light source 6 passes through optical fiber cable 7 with laser shake lens 2 is connected, welded platform 3 is xyz triaxial module motion platform.
The laser vibrating lens 2 draws a circle and stirs the welding mode to weld the workpiece 5, so that the heat input can be effectively reduced, the laser stirs a molten pool, and the problem that the welding notch is caused by the shrinkage of arc striking and arc closing welding due to overlarge heat is avoided.
In an alternative embodiment, the laser galvanometer lens 2 includes a first lens group 201 connected to the optical fiber cable 7, a first reflector group 202 is disposed on one side of the first lens group 201, a second lens group 203 is disposed below the first reflector group 202, the workpiece 5 is disposed below the second lens group 203 and at the top end of the welding platform 3, and the first lens group 201 and the second lens group 203 cooperate to provide the device with a collimating lens for forming the laser into parallel light and a condensing lens for converging the laser at a processing point of the workpiece in a manner of connecting focus.
In an alternative embodiment, the mirror group 202 is composed of a plurality of mirrors, and the mirrors are driven by the scanning motor 204 and are rotatable, and the mirrors are rotatable around rotation axes, specifically, the rotation axes are connected to the scanning motor 204, and the rotation axes rotate along with the operation of the scanning motor 204, and the rotation of the mirrors 31 scans the laser light, so that the irradiation position of the laser light can be moved within a predetermined range of the workpiece, and further, the irradiation position of the laser light can be moved without moving the laser galvanometer 2 itself.
In an optional embodiment, the tooling 4 includes pressure plates 401 symmetrically disposed at the top end of the welding platform 3, mounting plates 402 are symmetrically disposed on one sides of the pressure plates 401, and the mounting plates 402 and the top end of the welding platform 3 are fixed by bolts.
In an alternative embodiment, the light source 6 may be any one of a carbon dioxide gas laser, a YAG laser, and a fiber laser.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a welding method of a laser welding apparatus, the method including the steps of:
step S1: firstly, a workpiece 5 is installed on a welding platform 3 through a tool 4;
step S2: butt-jointing the workpieces to be welded 5 according to welding technical parameters;
step S3: cleaning a welding seam;
step S4: offline teaching is performed in advance in an XYZ three-axis module motion platform through a welding platform 3, and a welding track is determined;
specifically, in S4, the off-line teaching is performed in advance in the XYZ coordinate system movement platform through the welding platform 3, and the method further includes the following steps when determining the welding trajectory:
a plurality of scanning tracks of a concentric circle shape with the central part of the bonding area as the center are preset;
changing the track scanned by the laser from the annular scanning track at the front side to the annular scanning track at the rear side in sequence;
and determining the information that the laser vibrating lens 2 moves towards the position of the welding object, scanning the track, and editing laser emergent light control parameters in laser control software.
Step S5: performing laser welding on the workpiece 5;
specifically, the step S5 further includes, when performing laser welding on the workpiece 5, the steps of:
driving a scanning motor 204 according to track information edited in laser control software;
the scanning motor 204 drives the mirror group 202 to rotate, so that the laser beam moves according to the welding track;
the laser oscillating lens 2 irradiates laser toward a weld of a welding object to perform laser welding.
In an optional embodiment, the moving speed of the laser vibration lens 2 during workpiece welding is 5-60mm/s, the spot size is 14-30um, and the focal distance is-2 mm.
In an alternative embodiment, the laser galvanometer lens 2 has galvanometer power of 80-120W and frequency of 1000Hz when welding a workpiece.
The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows: in actual use, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, the laser beam emitted from the laser oscillating lens 2 is irradiated along a first scanning trajectory, and the laser beam is rotated (wound) along the first scanning trajectory a plurality of times, at that time, the number of rotations (number of windings) is determined experimentally so as to obtain the molten metal F of the weld of the workpiece 5, and the volume of the cross-linked molten metal F, so that in the laser irradiation step of rotating the laser beam along the first scanning trajectory a plurality of times, the left and right workpiece tailor-welded blanks are melted at the first scanning trajectory and the peripheral portion thereof, a molten pool P is formed from the molten metal F, and the molten metal F in the molten pool P is stirred and flows by the scanning of the laser beam, that is, the molten metal F is stirred in the molten pool P, and at this time, the molten pool P is formed into a mortar shape by the molten metal F flowing in the circumferential direction, and at the same time, the fluctuation of the molten, the molten pool P with the fluctuation of the molten metal F is converged by the surface tension of the molten metal F to form a joint part without a void or a separation bead (separatedbead), thereby suppressing the formation of a gap when the molten pool at the head and tail ends of the plate material is not uniformly divided and cooled and contracted, so that the molten metal F fluctuates while flowing by the scanning of the laser in the molten pool P, the molten pool P is sufficiently melted and stirred and mixed, bubbles can be well discharged, the molten pool P fluctuates while flowing by the scanning of the laser, the molten pool P is sufficiently stirred and mixed, elements are sufficiently diffused to suppress segregation, the temperature is uniform, the structure is suppressed from being nonuniform, the weld is more uniform and flat, and the occurrence of the gap is avoided.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A laser welding device characterized in that: including laser instrument (1), laser lens (2), welding platform (3) and frock (4) shake, the top of welding platform (3) is provided with frock (4), centre gripping has work piece (5) in frock (4), one side of laser instrument (1) is provided with laser lens (2) shake, laser instrument (1) includes light source (6), fiber optic cable (7), wherein, light source (6) pass through fiber optic cable (7) with laser lens (2) shake are connected, welding platform (3) are xyz triaxial module motion platform.
2. A laser welding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the laser vibration lens (2) comprises a first lens group (201) connected with the optical fiber cable (7), a reflector group (202) is arranged on one side of the first lens group (201), a second lens group (203) is arranged below the reflector group (202), and the workpiece (5) is arranged below the second lens group (203) and located at the top end of the welding platform (3).
3. A laser welding apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: the reflector group (202) is composed of a plurality of reflectors, and the reflectors are driven by a scanning motor (204) and can rotate.
4. A laser welding apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: frock (4) are in including the symmetry clamp plate (401) that sets up welding platform (3) top, the equal symmetry in one side of clamp plate (401) is provided with mounting panel (402), mounting panel (402) with clamp plate (401) and mounting panel (402) with the top of welding platform (3) all is through the bolt fastening.
5. A laser welding apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: the light source (6) may be any one of a carbon dioxide gas laser, a YAG laser, and a fiber laser.
6. A welding method of a laser welding apparatus for the laser welding apparatus of claim 4, the method comprising the steps of:
s1: firstly, a workpiece (5) is installed on a welding platform (3) through a tool (4);
s2: butt-jointing the workpieces (5) to be welded according to welding technical parameters;
s3: cleaning a welding seam;
s4: offline teaching is performed in advance in an XYZ three-axis module motion platform through a welding platform (3) to determine a welding track;
s5: the workpiece (5) is laser welded.
7. The welding method of a laser welding apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: in S4, the off-line teaching is performed in advance in the XYZ-triaxial module motion platform by the welding platform (3), and the method further includes the following steps when determining the welding trajectory:
a plurality of scanning tracks of a concentric circle shape with the central part of the bonding area as the center are preset;
changing the track scanned by the laser from the annular scanning track at the front side to the annular scanning track at the rear side in sequence;
and determining the information that the laser vibration lens (2) moves towards the position of the welding object, scanning the track, and editing laser light emitting control parameters in laser control software.
8. The welding method of a laser welding apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: the step S5 further includes, when performing laser welding on the workpiece (5):
driving a scanning motor (204) according to track information edited in laser control software;
a scanning motor (204) drives the reflector group (202) to rotate, so that the laser beam moves according to the welding track;
the laser oscillating lens (2) irradiates laser to the welding seam of the welding object to perform laser welding.
9. The welding method of a laser welding apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: the moving speed of the laser vibration lens (2) during workpiece welding is 5-60mm/s, the size of a light spot is 14-30um, and the distance from the focal length is-2 mm.
10. The welding method of a laser welding apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: the power of the laser galvanometer (2) is 80-120W when the workpiece is welded, and the frequency is 1000 Hz.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110134350.7A CN112775549A (en) | 2021-02-01 | 2021-02-01 | Laser welding device and welding method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110134350.7A CN112775549A (en) | 2021-02-01 | 2021-02-01 | Laser welding device and welding method thereof |
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| CN112775549A true CN112775549A (en) | 2021-05-11 |
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| CN202110134350.7A Pending CN112775549A (en) | 2021-02-01 | 2021-02-01 | Laser welding device and welding method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114226974A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-25 | 苏州迅镭激光科技有限公司 | Laser penetration welding galvanized sheet equipment and welding method |
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| CN201320841Y (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2009-10-07 | 华南理工大学 | Optical-fiber laser welding device based on thermoplastics scanned through vibration mirrors |
| CN103056533A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 华中科技大学 | Oscillatory scanning laser beam-electric arc hybrid welding method and system |
| CN205342240U (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2016-06-29 | 武汉铱科赛科技有限公司 | Parallel rotatory beam group drilling system of rotation axes of symmetry |
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| CN109290690A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-02-01 | 无锡源清瑞光激光科技有限公司 | A kind of optical-fiber laser seam weld system |
| CN110153557A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-23 | 华中科技大学无锡研究院 | A kind of method for laser welding homogenizing Al-Mg line aluminium alloy seam organization |
| CN110303246A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-08 | 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 | A kind of seal weld method and bipolar plates |
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2021
- 2021-02-01 CN CN202110134350.7A patent/CN112775549A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320841Y (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2009-10-07 | 华南理工大学 | Optical-fiber laser welding device based on thermoplastics scanned through vibration mirrors |
| CN103056533A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 华中科技大学 | Oscillatory scanning laser beam-electric arc hybrid welding method and system |
| CN107708914A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2018-02-16 | Ipg光子公司 | Laser welding head with the double movable mirrors for providing light beam locomotive function |
| CN205342240U (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2016-06-29 | 武汉铱科赛科技有限公司 | Parallel rotatory beam group drilling system of rotation axes of symmetry |
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| CN110153557A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-23 | 华中科技大学无锡研究院 | A kind of method for laser welding homogenizing Al-Mg line aluminium alloy seam organization |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114226974A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-25 | 苏州迅镭激光科技有限公司 | Laser penetration welding galvanized sheet equipment and welding method |
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